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1. Generating better leaf traits in M2 lines of fourteen Ethiopian sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes through the treatment of their seeds with sodium azide

Author

Micheale Yifter Weldemichael, Yemane Tsehaye Baryatsion, Desta Berhe Sbhatu, Girmay Gebresamuel Abraha, Hagos Mohammedseid Juhar, Abraha Birhan Kassa, Fiseha Baraki Sibhatu, Hailay Mehari Gebremedhn, Tesfakiros Semere Gebrelibanos, Mohammed Mebrahtu Mossa, Birhanu Debesay Berhe, and Haftay Abadi Gebru

Subjects
Clustering, Qualitative leaf traits, Quantitative leaf traits, Sesame indicum, Sodium azide, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

The present study explored the effect of sodium azide (NaN3) on quantitative and qualitative leaf traits of M2 lines on 14 Ethiopian sesame genotypes collected from Humera Agricultural Research Center, Tigrai, Ethiopia. Qualitative data on leaf color, leaf hairiness, leaf arrangement, leaf shape, basal leaf profile, basal leaf margin, and leaf angle to main stem as well as quantitative data on length of basal leaf, length of top leaf, width of basal leaf, width of top leaf, length of marginal leaf, and width of marginal leaf were recorded and analyzed using analysis of variance, clustering analysis, Mahalanobis distance, and principal component analysis. Generally, treatment of seeds with NaN3 has brought many distinct and statistically significant phenotypic changes on both quantitative and qualitative leaf traits of the M2 lines. The changes in the NaN3 treated and locally adapted genotypes of Gumero and Zeri Tesfay are promising; producing the highest mean length of basal leaf (p ≤ 0.01). NaN3 treated seeds of Baha Necho, Gumero, and Hirhir developed the highest mean width of basal leaf. Locally adapted genotypes have responded positively to NaN3 treatment, generating better leaf traits as compared to the research improved ones. This study was the first of its kind in exploring the effects of NaN3 seed treatment on leaf traits of sesame genotypes. The findings of this study will, therefore, serve as a steppingstone to look into the effects of the changes in sesame yield and initiate future genetic and molecular studies on the responsive genotypes.

Published
2022
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2. Effect of Sodium Azide on Quantitative and Qualitative Stem Traits in the M2 Generation of Ethiopian Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes

Author

Micheale Yifter Weldemichael, Yemane Tsehaye Baryatsion, Desta Berhe Sbhatu, Girmay Gebresamuel Abraha, Hagos Mohammedseid Juhar, Abraha Birhan Kassa, Fiseha Baraki Sibhatu, Hailay Mehari Gebremedhn, Tesfakiros Semere Gebrelibanos, Mohammed Mebrahtu Mossa, Mullubrhan Mekonen Gebru, Birhanu Kahsay Meresa, Medhin Teklay, Birhanu Debesay Berhe, and Haftay Abadi Gebru

Subjects
Technology, Medicine, Science
Abstract

The emerging oilseed crop Sesamum indicum, also known as the queen of oilseeds, is being grown globally for its oil content for medicinal and nutritional values. One of the key challenges of sesame cultivation is its low productivity. In the present study, sodium azide (NaN3) was used as a chemical mutagen. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of NaN3 on quantitative and qualitative stem traits in the M2 generation of Ethiopian sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes. Seeds of fourteen sesame genotypes were used in this study and germinated and grown under greenhouse conditions. Different qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed. Traits such as plant height, ground distance to first distance, and internode length were significantly affected by NaN3 treatment. The highest plant height was recorded in the control on Humera 1 and Baha Necho genotypes, while the lowest was observed on Setit 2 and Hirhir treated with the chemical. The highest ground distance to the first branch was observed in Gumero, while the least ground distance was recorded in Setit 1 in the treated and control genotypes, respectively. The best internode length was recorded on Setit 2 and ADI in the control, while the lowest internode length was observed in Setit 1 genotype treated with sodium azide. Genotypes such as ACC44, ADI, Baha Necho, Borkena, Gonder 1, and Setit 1 treated with NaN3 have showed glabrous type of stem hairiness. All the fourteen genotypes (both treated and control) were clustered into four groups. In conclusion, we observed a highly significant variation among the genotypes due the effect of the chemical and genotypes themselves. Hence, this report would create more genetic diversity for further sesame genetic research improvements.

Published
2021
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3. Effect of Sodium Azide on Quantitative and Qualitative Stem Traits in the M2 Generation of Ethiopian Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes

Author

Desta Berhe Sbhatu, Birhanu Kahsay Meresa, Micheale Yifter Weldemichael, Haftay Abadi Gebru, Girmay Gebresamuel Abraha, Medhin Teklay, Hagos Mohammedseid Juhar, Birhanu Debesay Berhe, Mullubrhan Mekonen Gebru, Fiseha Baraki Sibhatu, Hailay Mehari Gebremedhn, Mohammed Mebrahtu Mossa, Tesfakiros Semere Gebrelibanos, Abraha Birhan Kassa, and Yemane Tsehaye Baryatsion

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Technology, Article Subject, Science, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Crop, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Oil content, Genotype, Sesamum, 030304 developmental biology, General Environmental Science, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, biology, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Horticulture, chemistry, Germination, Medicine, Sodium azide, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The emerging oilseed crop Sesamum indicum, also known as the queen of oilseeds, is being grown globally for its oil content for medicinal and nutritional values. One of the key challenges of sesame cultivation is its low productivity. In the present study, sodium azide (NaN3) was used as a chemical mutagen. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of NaN3 on quantitative and qualitative stem traits in the M2 generation of Ethiopian sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes. Seeds of fourteen sesame genotypes were used in this study and germinated and grown under greenhouse conditions. Different qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed. Traits such as plant height, ground distance to first distance, and internode length were significantly affected by NaN3 treatment. The highest plant height was recorded in the control on Humera 1 and Baha Necho genotypes, while the lowest was observed on Setit 2 and Hirhir treated with the chemical. The highest ground distance to the first branch was observed in Gumero, while the least ground distance was recorded in Setit 1 in the treated and control genotypes, respectively. The best internode length was recorded on Setit 2 and ADI in the control, while the lowest internode length was observed in Setit 1 genotype treated with sodium azide. Genotypes such as ACC44, ADI, Baha Necho, Borkena, Gonder 1, and Setit 1 treated with NaN3 have showed glabrous type of stem hairiness. All the fourteen genotypes (both treated and control) were clustered into four groups. In conclusion, we observed a highly significant variation among the genotypes due the effect of the chemical and genotypes themselves. Hence, this report would create more genetic diversity for further sesame genetic research improvements.

Published
2021
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4. Generating Better Leaf Traits in M2 Lines of Fourteen Ethiopian Sesame ( Sesamum Indicum L) Genotypes Through the Treatment of Their Seeds with Sodium Azide

Author

Micheale Yifter Weldemichael, Yemane Tsehaye Baryatsion, Desta Berhe Berhe Sbhatu, Girmay Gebresamuel Abraha, Hagos Mohammedseid Juhar, Abraha Birhan Kassa, Fiseha Baraki Sibhatu, Hailay Mehari Gebremedhn, Tesfakiros Semere Gebrelibanos, Mohammed Mebrahtu Mossa, Birhanu Debesay Berhe, and Haftay Abadi Gebru

Published
2021
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5. Effect of Sodium Azide on Quantitative and Qualitative Stem Traits in the M2 Generation of Ethiopian Sesame (

Author

Micheale Yifter, Weldemichael, Yemane Tsehaye, Baryatsion, Desta Berhe, Sbhatu, Girmay, Gebresamuel Abraha, Hagos Mohammedseid, Juhar, Abraha Birhan, Kassa, Fiseha, Baraki Sibhatu, Hailay Mehari, Gebremedhn, Tesfakiros Semere, Gebrelibanos, Mohammed, Mebrahtu Mossa, Mullubrhan Mekonen, Gebru, Birhanu Kahsay, Meresa, Medhin, Teklay, Birhanu Debesay, Berhe, and Haftay Abadi, Gebru

Subjects
Phenotype, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Genotype, Plant Stems, Seeds, Humans, Selection, Genetic, Sodium Azide, Phylogeny, Mutagens, Sesamum, Research Article
Abstract

The emerging oilseed crop Sesamum indicum, also known as the queen of oilseeds, is being grown globally for its oil content for medicinal and nutritional values. One of the key challenges of sesame cultivation is its low productivity. In the present study, sodium azide (NaN3) was used as a chemical mutagen. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of NaN3 on quantitative and qualitative stem traits in the M2 generation of Ethiopian sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes. Seeds of fourteen sesame genotypes were used in this study and germinated and grown under greenhouse conditions. Different qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed. Traits such as plant height, ground distance to first distance, and internode length were significantly affected by NaN3 treatment. The highest plant height was recorded in the control on Humera 1 and Baha Necho genotypes, while the lowest was observed on Setit 2 and Hirhir treated with the chemical. The highest ground distance to the first branch was observed in Gumero, while the least ground distance was recorded in Setit 1 in the treated and control genotypes, respectively. The best internode length was recorded on Setit 2 and ADI in the control, while the lowest internode length was observed in Setit 1 genotype treated with sodium azide. Genotypes such as ACC44, ADI, Baha Necho, Borkena, Gonder 1, and Setit 1 treated with NaN3 have showed glabrous type of stem hairiness. All the fourteen genotypes (both treated and control) were clustered into four groups. In conclusion, we observed a highly significant variation among the genotypes due the effect of the chemical and genotypes themselves. Hence, this report would create more genetic diversity for further sesame genetic research improvements.

Published
2020

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