267 results on '"Tetsuro Yamashita"'
Search Results
2. Novel dicarbonyl metabolic pathway via mitochondrial ES1 possessing glyoxalase III activity
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Ginga Ito, Yota Tatara, Ken Itoh, Miwa Yamada, Tetsuro Yamashita, Kimitoshi Sakamoto, Takayuki Nozaki, Kinji Ishida, Yui Wake, Takehito Kaneko, Tomokazu Fukuda, Eriko Sugano, Hiroshi Tomita, and Taku Ozaki
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Mitochondria ,ES1 ,Reactive dicarbonyl ,Glyoxalase ,Methylglyoxal degradation ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Glycation, caused by reactive dicarbonyls, plays a role in various diseases by forming advanced glycation end products. In live cells, reactive dicarbonyls such as glyoxal (GO) and methylglyoxal (MGO) are produced during cell metabolism, and these should be removed consistently. However, the dicarbonyl metabolic system in the mitochondria remains unclear. It has been speculated that the mammalian mitochondrial protein ES1 is a homolog of bacterial elbB possessing glyoxalase III (GLO3) activity. Therefore, in this study, to investigate ES1 functions and GLO3 activity, we generated ES1-knockout (KO) mice and recombinant mouse ES1 protein and investigated the biochemical and histological analyses. In the mitochondrial fraction obtained from ES1-KO mouse brains, the GO metabolism and cytochrome c oxidase activity were significantly lower than those in the mitochondrial fraction obtained from wildtype (WT) mouse brains. However, the morphological features of the mitochondria did not change noticeably in the ES1-KO mouse brains compared with those in the WT mouse brains. The mitochondrial proteome analysis showed that the MGO degradation III pathway and oxidative phosphorylation-related proteins were increased. These should be the response to the reduced GO metabolism caused by ES1 deletion to compensate for the dicarbonyl metabolism and damaged cytochrome c oxidase by elevated GO. Recombinant mouse ES1 protein exhibited catalytic activity of converting GO to glycolic acid. These results indicate that ES1 possesses GLO3 activity and modulates the metabolism of GO in the mitochondria. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show a novel metabolic pathway for reactive dicarbonyls in mitochondria.
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- 2023
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3. Rice apoplastic CBM1-interacting protein counters blast pathogen invasion by binding conserved carbohydrate binding module 1 motif of fungal proteins.
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Takumi Takeda, Machiko Takahashi, Motoki Shimizu, Yu Sugihara, Tetsuro Yamashita, Hiromasa Saitoh, Koki Fujisaki, Kazuya Ishikawa, Hiroe Utsushi, Eiko Kanzaki, Yuichi Sakamoto, Akira Abe, and Ryohei Terauchi
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
When infecting plants, fungal pathogens secrete cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs) that break down cellulose and hemicellulose, the primary components of plant cell walls. Some fungal CWDEs contain a unique domain, named the carbohydrate binding module (CBM), that facilitates their access to polysaccharides. However, little is known about how plants counteract pathogen degradation of their cell walls. Here, we show that the rice cysteine-rich repeat secretion protein OsRMC binds to and inhibits xylanase MoCel10A of the blast fungus pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, interfering with its access to the rice cell wall and degradation of rice xylan. We found binding of OsRMC to various CBM1-containing enzymes, suggesting that it has a general role in inhibiting the action of CBM1. OsRMC is localized to the apoplast, and its expression is strongly induced in leaves infected with M. oryzae. Remarkably, knockdown and overexpression of OsRMC reduced and enhanced rice defense against M. oryzae, respectively, demonstrating that inhibition of CBM1-containing fungal enzymes by OsRMC is crucial for rice defense. We also identified additional CBM-interacting proteins (CBMIPs) from Arabidopsis thaliana and Setaria italica, indicating that a wide range of plants counteract pathogens through this mechanism.
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- 2022
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4. Renal expression and urinary excretion of liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein in cats with renal disease
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Masaaki Katayama, Keiichi Ohata, Tamako Miyazaki, Rieko Katayama, Nobuko Wakamatsu, Misa Ohno, Tetsuro Yamashita, Tsuyoshi Oikawa, Takeshi Sugaya, and Masao Miyazaki
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acute kidney injury ,biomarker ,chronic kidney disease ,kidney ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Background Liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein (L‐FABP) is a biomarker for early detection of renal disease in humans. Liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein is cytotoxic oxidation products secreted from proximal tubules under ischemia and oxidative stress. Objective To examine renal expression and quantify urinary excretion of L‐FABP in catswith renal disease. Animals One hundred and thirty‐four client‐owned cats including 34 cats with serum creatinine (sCre) values >1.6 mg/dL and 10 other cats that died in clinics. Methods Tissue expressions of L‐FABP were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Urinary L‐FABP (uL‐FABP) and serum L‐FABP (sL‐FABP) levels were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Anti‐liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein antibody immunostained renal sections. Results Feline kidneys express L‐FABP. Strong L‐FABP signals were observed in the lumens of proximal tubular cells in 5 cats with high uL‐FABP excretion, but not in 5 cats with low uL‐FABP excretion. In 9 normal cats, uL‐FABP index was 10.0 μg/g uCre) were detected in 7 of 100 cats with low sCre (1.6 mg/dL). There was a weak correlation between L‐FABP index and sCre, serum symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), or blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and these correlation coefficients were increased by analyzing only data of cats with sCre >1.6 mg/dL. There was a weak correlation between u L‐FABP index and sL‐FABP in all tested cats, but not in cats with high sCre. Conclusions and Clinical Importance This study demonstrates correlations between L‐FABP and current renal biomarkers for chronic kidney disease in cats, such as sCre and SDMA. Liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein may be a potential biomarker to predict early pathophysiological events in feline kidneys.
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- 2020
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5. Effect of fatty acids on melanogenesis and tumor cell growth in melanoma cells
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Hidetoshi Yamada, Mayuka Hakozaki, Aiko Uemura, and Tetsuro Yamashita
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palmitic acid ,eicosapentaenoic acid ,docosahexaenoic acid ,tumor cell proliferation ,F-actin ,receptor for activated C kinase 1 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Fatty acids have various physiological effects on melanoma. For example, palmitic acid (PA) increases melanin levels; linoleic acid and DHA decrease melanin levels; and DHA suppresses tumor growth. In this study, we focused on the relationship between the structure of fatty acids and their physiological effects in melanoma to examine the likely mechanisms of action. We showed that saturated fatty acids and PUFAs display opposing effects on melanin content in melanoma cells. Likewise, PA and EPA have opposing effects in terms of actin polymerization. Our findings suggest that PA and EPA change melanin content in melanoma to alter melanosome trafficking by modulating actin polymerization. Here, we also examined the mechanism of the anti-tumor effect of DHA. We found that DHA interacts with receptor for activated C kinase 1 and represses melanoma cell proliferation by suppressing protein kinase C signaling. Our results suggest a new mechanism to explain the physiological effects of fatty acids.
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- 2019
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6. Simultaneous resection of gastric and gallbladder metastasis from renal cell carcinoma treated by laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery: a case report
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Osamu Kinoshita, Moyu Dohi, Yusuke Horii, Atsushi Ikai, Tomohito Kitamori, and Tetsuro Yamashita
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Renal cell carcinoma ,Gastric metastasis ,Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Abstract Background Metastases to the stomach or gallbladder from any malignancy is rarely noted, and simultaneous metastases to both organs are atypical. We present a unique case of simultaneous multifocal metastases of the stomach and gallbladder from renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Case presentation The case involved a 60-year-old man, with a past history of RCC (clear cell type, G2, T1b N0 M0 Stage I) treated by a right nephrectomy. Three years after the nephrectomy, a routine gastrointestinal endoscopy found an ulcerative lesion in the greater curvature of the gastric body. The gastric tumor was pathologically proven to be a metastasis from RCC. Furthermore, computed tomography incidentally revealed a mass lesion in the fundus of the gallbladder, which was also diagnosed as a potential metastasis from RCC. As endoscopic ultrasonography of the gastric tumor suggested the tumor potentially invaded to the submucosal layer, gastric wedge resection via a laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) technique was applied to the gastric tumor, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy to the gallbladder tumor was simultaneously performed. Histological examination confirmed that the tumors of the stomach and gallbladder were both metastatic RCC. The hospitalization period after surgery was not eventful, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 7. Thereafter, the patient required examination every 3 months, did not use anticancer agents, and has survived without relapse to 9 months after the surgery. Conclusions For patients with locally resectable RCC metastases, complete metastasectomy may bring long-term tumor control. Moreover, LECS for gastric metastasis is a reasonable approach for minimal invasiveness and an oncologically feasible outcome.
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- 2019
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7. Differentiation of endogenous erythropoietin and exogenous ESAs by Western blotting
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Yukiko Yasuoka, Takashi Fukuyama, Yuichiro Izumi, Tetsuro Yamashita, Yushi Nakayama, Hideki Inoue, Kengo Yanagita, Tomomi Oshima, Taiga Yamazaki, Takayuki Uematsu, Noritada Kobayashi, Yoshitaka Shimada, Yasushi Nagaba, Masashi Mukoyama, Yuichi Sato, Jeff M. Sands, Katsumasa Kawahara, and Hiroshi Nonoguchi
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Biotechnology ,Biochemistry ,Molecular biology ,Public health ,Hematological system ,Renal system ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Doping tests for the illegal use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) have been developed. We developed a new Western blotting method to detect and distinguish endogenous erythropoietin (Epo, 35-38 kDa) and exogenous ESAs (epoetin α and β, 38-42 kDa; darbepoetin α, 47-50 kDa; epoetin β pegol, 93-110 kDa). Epo and ESAs are glycoproteins and deglycosylation using peptide-N-glycosidase F shifted all Epo and ESA bands except epoetin β pegol to 22 kDa. We cut the bands of Epo and ESAs from SDS-PAGE gels and analyzed them by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS). LC/MS detected all endogenous Epo and exogenous ESAs as deglycosylated 22 kDa Epo, indicating that LC/MS analysis could confirm the presence of Epo or ESA, but could not distinguish between endogenous Epo and exogenous ESAs. We propose the following Epo doping tests: 1) detect Epo or ESAs by Western blotting of the glycosylated form; 2) increase the reliability by the band shift following deglycosylation; and 3) complete confirmation of Epo or ESA by LC/MS analysis using cut gels. One of the advantages of our method is that pre-purification of samples for Epo is not required in our Western blotting.
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- 2020
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8. Effects of Roxadustat on Erythropoietin Production in the Rat Body
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Yukiko Yasuoka, Yuichiro Izumi, Takashi Fukuyama, Haruki Omiya, Truyen D. Pham, Hideki Inoue, Tomomi Oshima, Taiga Yamazaki, Takayuki Uematsu, Noritada Kobayashi, Yoshitaka Shimada, Yasushi Nagaba, Tetsuro Yamashita, Masashi Mukoyama, Yuichi Sato, Susan M. Wall, Jeff M. Sands, Noriko Takahashi, Katsumasa Kawahara, and Hiroshi Nonoguchi
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erythropoietin ,PHD inhibitor ,Roxadustat ,hypoxia ,deglycosylation ,Western blotting ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Anemia is a major complication of chronic renal failure. To treat this anemia, prolylhydroxylase domain enzyme (PHD) inhibitors as well as erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) have been used. Although PHD inhibitors rapidly stimulate erythropoietin (Epo) production, the precise sites of Epo production following the administration of these drugs have not been identified. We developed a novel method for the detection of the Epo protein that employs deglycosylation-coupled Western blotting. With protein deglycosylation, tissue Epo contents can be quantified over an extremely wide range. Using this method, we examined the effects of the PHD inhibitor, Roxadustat (ROX), and severe hypoxia on Epo production in various tissues in rats. We observed that ROX increased Epo mRNA expression in both the kidneys and liver. However, Epo protein was detected in the kidneys but not in the liver. Epo protein was also detected in the salivary glands, spleen, epididymis and ovaries. However, both PHD inhibitors (ROX) and severe hypoxia increased the Epo protein abundance only in the kidneys. These data show that, while Epo is produced in many tissues, PHD inhibitors as well as severe hypoxia regulate Epo production only in the kidneys.
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- 2022
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9. Erythropoietin production by the kidney and the liver in response to severe hypoxia evaluated by Western blotting with deglycosylation
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Yukiko Yasuoka, Takashi Fukuyama, Yuichiro Izumi, Yushi Nakayama, Hideki Inoue, Kengo Yanagita, Tomomi Oshima, Taiga Yamazaki, Takayuki Uematsu, Noritada Kobayashi, Yoshitaka Shimada, Yasushi Nagaba, Masashi Mukoyama, Tetsuro Yamashita, Yuichi Sato, Jeff M. Sands, Katsumasa Kawahara, and Hiroshi Nonoguchi
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anemia ,deglycosylation ,erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents ,erythropoietin ,hypoxia ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Abstract The detection of erythropoietin (Epo) protein by Western blotting has required pre‐purification of the sample. We developed a new Western blot method to detect plasma and urinary Epo using deglycosylation. Epo in urine and tissue, and erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents (ESAs) in urine were directly detected by our Western blotting. Plasma Epo and ESAs were not detected by direct application but were detected by our Western blotting after deglycosylation. The broad bands of Epo and ESAs were shifted to 22 kDa by deglycosylation except for PEG‐bound epoetin β pegol. The 22 kDa band from an anemic patient's urine was confirmed by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS) to contain human Epo. Severe hypoxia (7% O2, 4 hr) caused a 400‐fold increase in deglycosylated Epo expression in rat kidneys, which is consistent with the increases in both Epo gene expression and plasma Epo concentration. Immunohistochemistry showed Epo expression in nephrons but not in interstitial cells under control conditions, and hypoxia increased Epo expression in interstitial cells but not in tubules. These data show that intrinsic Epo and all ESAs can be detected by Western blot either directly in urine or after deglycosylation in blood, and that the kidney but not the liver is the main site of Epo production in control and severe hypoxia. Our method will make the tests for Epo doping and detection easy.
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- 2020
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10. Spontaneous Rupture of Renal Metastasis from Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Osamu Kinoshita, Yusuke Ichijo, Masayuki Yoneda, Atsushi Ikai, and Tetsuro Yamashita
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Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
We report a rare life-threatening case of spontaneous rupture of renal metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that was managed by emergent transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). A 76-year-old woman diagnosed with HCC presented with acute back pain in her right side and was transferred to our hospital. Initial enhanced computed tomography revealed retroperitoneal hemorrhage from the right kidney, which was retrospectively diagnosed as a spontaneous rupture of the metastatic renal tumor from the primary HCC. Detailed examination identified an active retroperitoneal hemorrhage from the lesion and the patient’s condition became hemodynamically unstable; hence emergent TAE was performed. The hospitalization period after the TAE was uneventful and sorafenib was subsequently administered. Unfortunately, two months after the TAE, the tumor locally progressed within the retroperitoneal space. Tumors were controlled by repeated TAE as the patient did not want to undergo a nephrectomy. Consequently, she survived for more than one year after emergent TAE, exhibiting low levels of tumor marker. After rupture of the metastatic renal HCC, tumors were expected to progress into the retroperitoneal space, and nephrectomy was the next possible radical treatment to offer the best chance of long-term disease control.
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- 2017
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11. Delivery of Topically Applied Calpain Inhibitory Peptide to the Posterior Segment of the Rat Eye.
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Taku Ozaki, Mitsuru Nakazawa, Tetsuro Yamashita, and Sei-Ichi Ishiguro
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
We developed an inhibitory peptide that specifically acts against mitochondrial μ-calpain (Tat-μCL, 23 amino acid, 2857.37 Da) and protects photoreceptors in retinal dystrophic rats. In the present study, we topically administered Tat-μCL to the eyes of Sprague-Dawley rats for 7 days to determine both the delivery route of the peptide to the posterior segment of the eye and the kinetics after topical application in adult rats. Distribution of the peptide was determined by immunohistochemical analysis, and enzyme-linked immune-absorbent assay was used to quantify the accumulation in the retina. Peptides were prominently detected in both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye at 1 h after the final eye drop application. Immunohistochemically positive reactions were observed in the retina, optic nerve, choroid, sclera and the retrobulbar tissues, even in the posterior portion of the eye. Immunoactivities gradually diminished at 3 and 6 h after the final eye drop. Quantitative estimations of the amount of peptide in the retina were 15.3, 5.8 and 1.0 pg/μg protein at 1, 3 and 6 h after the final instillation, respectively. Current results suggest that while the topically applied Tat-μCL peptide reaches the posterior segment of the retina and the optic nerve, the sufficient concentration (> IC50) is maintained for at least 6 h in the rat retina. Our findings suggest that delivery of topically applied peptide to the posterior segment and optic nerve occurs through the conjunctiva, periocular connective tissue, sclera and optic nerve sheath.
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- 2015
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12. Expression of AmGR10 of the Gustatory Receptor Family in Honey Bee Is Correlated with Nursing Behavior.
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Yisilahaiti Paerhati, Shinichi Ishiguro, Risa Ueda-Matsuo, Ping Yang, Tetsuro Yamashita, Kikukatsu Ito, Hideaki Maekawa, Hiroko Tani, and Koichi Suzuki
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
We investigated the association between the expression of a gene encoding gustatory receptor (G10) and division of labor in the honey bee, Apis mellifera. Among 10 GR genes encoding proteins 15% ~ 99% amino acid identity in the honey bee, we found that AmGR10 with 99% identity is involved in nursing or brood care. Expression of AmGR10 was restricted to organs of the hypopharyngeal gland, brain, and ovary in the nurse bee phase. Members of an extended nursing caste under natural conditions continued to express this gene. RNAi knockdown of AmGR10 accelerated the transition to foraging. Our findings demonstrate that this one gene has profound effects on the division of labor associated with the development and physiology of honeybee society.
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- 2015
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13. Inhibitory peptide of mitochondrial μ-calpain protects against photoreceptor degeneration in rhodopsin transgenic S334ter and P23H rats.
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Taku Ozaki, Sei-ichi Ishiguro, Satoshi Hirano, Ayaka Baba, Tetsuro Yamashita, Hiroshi Tomita, and Mitsuru Nakazawa
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Mitochondrial μ-calpain and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)-dependent photoreceptor cell death has been seen in several rat and mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Previously, we demonstrated that the specific peptide inhibitor of mitochondrial μ-calpain, Tat-µCL, protected against retinal degeneration following intravitreal injection or topical eye-drop application in Mertk gene-mutated Royal College of Surgeons rats, one of the animal models of RP. Because of the high rate of rhodopsin mutations in RP patients, the present study was performed to confirm the protective effects of Tat-µCL against retinal degeneration in rhodopsin transgenic S334ter and P23H rats. We examined the effects of intravitreal injection or topical application of the peptide on retinal degeneration in S334ter and P23H rats by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, electroretinogram (ERG), immunohistochemistry for AIF, and histological staining. In S334ter rats, we found that intravitreal injection or topical application of the peptide prevented photoreceptor cell death from postnatal (PN) 15 to 18 days, the time of early-stage retinal degeneration. Topical application of the peptide also delayed attenuation of ERG responses from PN 28 to 56 days. In P23H rats, topical application of the peptide protected against photoreceptor cell death and nuclear translocation of AIF on PN 30, 40, and 50 days, as the primary stages of degeneration. We observed that topical application of the peptide inhibited the thinning of the outer nuclear layer and delayed ERG attenuations from PN 30 to 90 days. Our results demonstrate that the mitochondrial μ-calpain and AIF pathway is involved in early-stage retinal degeneration in rhodopsin transgenic S334ter and P23H rats, and inhibition of this pathway shows curative potential for rhodopsin mutation-caused RP.
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- 2013
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14. Correction: Inhibitory Peptide of Mitochondrial μ-Calpain Protects against Photoreceptor Degeneration in Rhodopsin Transgenic S334ter and P23H Rats.
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Taku Ozaki, Sei-ichi Ishiguro, Satoshi Hirano, Ayaka Baba, Tetsuro Yamashita, Hiroshi Tomita, and Mitsuru Nakazawa
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Medicine ,Science - Published
- 2013
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15. Bit-size reduction of triangular sets in two and three variables.
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Tetsuro Yamashita and Xavier Dahan
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- 2016
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16. Oral melanoma: a multicenter study of 69 patients from Japan
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Shin-ichi Yamada, Takumi Hasegawa, Nobuhiro Yamakawa, Masashi Tamura, Atsushi Takizawa, Yasumasa Kakei, Masaya Okura, Tomofumi Naruse, Mitsunobu Otsuru, Shin Rin, Michihiro Ueda, Tetsuro Yamashita, Tadaaki Kirita, Yoshihide Ota, and Hiroshi Kurita
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Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Skin Neoplasms ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Japan ,Humans ,Female ,Mouth Neoplasms ,Melanoma ,General Dentistry ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
The purpose of this multicenter retrospective study was to investigate the demographic characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with mucosal malignant melanoma (MM) of the oral cavity.This was a multicenter study involving 8 Japanese universities. The medical records of 69 patients who were diagnosed with primary oral MM between January 2000 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Overall survival (OS) and prognostic factors for OS were analyzed statistically.There were 40 (58.0%) males and 29 (42.0%) females, and their mean (range) age was 69.8 ± 14.6 (22-96) years old. The most common primary site was the palate (30 patients, 43.5%). Stage IVA was the most common disease stage (36 patients, 52.2%). Radical therapy was performed in 55 patients (79.7%). The 2-year and 5-year OS rates of the 69 patients were 64.6% and 42.5%, respectively. The 2-year and 5-year OS rates of the stage III patients were 85.9% and 72.5%, respectively, and those of the stage IVA patients were 56.3% and 26.0%, respectively. The 1-year OS rate of the stage IVB/IVC patients was 26.7%. The 2-year and 5-year OS rates of the radical therapy group were 74.1% and 50.5%, respectively, whereas the 2-year OS rate of the non-radical therapy group was 26.0%. An advanced T classification was the only identified prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio: 6.312, 95% confidence interval: 1.133-38.522, p0.05).Early detection and radical treatment are essential for improving the prognosis of oral MM patients.Early detection and adequate radical therapy leads to the better prognosis of oral MM patients.
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- 2022
17. STUDIES OF FIRST-AID MEDICAL STATIONS BY FLOW SIMULATION OF DAMAGED PATIENTS BY THE EARTHQUAKE PART 2: INVESTIGATION BASED ON THE AREA SCALE OF DISASTER BASE HOSPITALS BY PREDICTING THE NUMBER OF PATIENTS AFFECTED BY A NORTHERN TOKYO BAY EARTHQUAKE
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Kana Egawa, Tokuhiro Kojima, Yuu Tsubota, Wen‐Jing Chiang, Shigeru Ando, and Tetsuro Yamashita
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General Medicine - Published
- 2022
18. A multicenter prospective study on the development of BRONJ after tooth extraction in patients treated with bisphosphonates
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Masaki FUJIMORI, Yoshiyuki TORIYABE, Nobuhiro KAKU, Kosuke SHIMAZAKI, Masayoshi MIYASAWA, Hiroki MIYATE, Hideaki KITADA, Yuji SATOH, Hajime MISAWA, Tetsuro YAMASHITA, Yoritoshi NAKAJIMA, Yasushi HARIYA, Ichizo KOBAYASHI, Satoshi NISHIKATA, Yoshihito TAISHI, Chihiro SUGIURA, Kazue KASAHARA, Yuichiro ASAKA, Noriyuki SAKAKIBARA, Masuhiko OKADA, Naohiro SHIBAYAMA, Hiroshi SUETSUGU, Toyonori SUZUKI, Takahiro ABE, Akihiro TANIMURA, Akihiro KUDOU, Masaki DONEN, Yasushi KAWAGUCHI, Masanori NOJIMA, and Shujiroh MAKINO
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- 2022
19. A jacalin‐like lectin domain‐containing protein of Sclerospora graminicola acts as an apoplastic virulence effector in plant–oomycete interactions
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Michie Kobayashi, Hiroe Utsushi, Koki Fujisaki, Takumi Takeda, Tetsuro Yamashita, and Ryohei Terauchi
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Phytophthora ,Virulence ,Lectins ,Soil Science ,Plant Science ,Plant Lectins ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Molecular Biology ,Plant Diseases - Abstract
The plant extracellular space, including the apoplast and plasma membrane, is the initial site of plant-pathogen interactions. Pathogens deliver numerous secreted proteins, called effectors, into this region to suppress plant immunity and establish infection. Downy mildew caused by the oomycete pathogen Sclerospora graminicola (Sg) is an economically important disease of Poaceae crops including foxtail millet (Setaria italica). We previously reported the genome sequence of Sg and showed that the jacalin-related lectin (JRL) gene family has significantly expanded in this lineage. However, the biological functions of JRL proteins remained unknown. Here, we show that JRL from Sg (SgJRL) functions as an apoplastic virulence effector. We identified eight SgJRLs by protein mass spectrometry analysis of extracellular fluid from Sg-inoculated foxtail millet leaves. SgJRLs consist of a jacalin-like lectin domain and an N-terminal putative secretion signal; SgJRL expression is induced by Sg infection. Heterologous expression of three SgJRLs with N-terminal secretion signal peptides in Nicotiana benthamiana enhanced the virulence of the pathogen Phytophthora palmivora inoculated onto the same leaves. Of the three SgJRLs, SG06536 fused with green fluorescent protein (GFP) localized to the apoplastic space in N. benthamiana leaves. INF1-mediated induction of defence-related genes was suppressed by co-expression of SG06536-GFP. These findings suggest that JRLs are novel apoplastic effectors that contribute to pathogenicity by suppressing plant defence responses.
- Published
- 2022
20. Immunostimulatory and Anti-Aging Effects of Sericin Powders Extracted from Antheraea yamamai.
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Mayumi Karimazawa, Takahiro Adachi, Piyamas Sillapakong, and Tetsuro Yamashita
- Published
- 2023
21. Influence of Pyrophosphate (PPI) and Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate (Atp) on the Conformational Stability and Ultrastructure of Silver Carp Myofibrillar Proteins at Low Salinity
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Zhuolin Wang, Yuanyong Tian, Yumin Lin, Yuki Ogasawara, Tetsuro Yamashita, Youling L. Xiong, and CHUNHONG YUAN
- Published
- 2023
22. Effect of super-chilling storage on maintenance of quality and freshness of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
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Shiliang Dong, Yabin Niu, Huamao Wei, Yumeng Lin, Xin Lu, Tetsuro Yamashita, Kefeng Yu, Koichi Takaki, and Chunhong Yuan
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Food Science - Abstract
The quality changes of shelled Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were examined in relation to the effects of superchilling storage at −1 °C for 28 d by measuring changes in biochemical properties (microbial analysis, adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-related compounds, pH, free amino acids) and sensory evaluations in this study. The results indicated that microorganism growth was significantly inhibited during superchilling storage. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) accumulated while ATP rapidly decreased in the adductor muscle. ATP and ADP were the primary components in the other 3 tissues including mantle, gill, and body trunk of oysters, and they remained relatively stable over time. The pH and adenylate energy charge in the adductor muscle could be utilized as freshness indicators for shelled oysters. However, there were no significant differences (P>0.05) among the free amino acids during whole storage. According to the sensory evaluations, oysters could be alive and tolerated up to 21 d at −1 °C storage. The study demonstrated that superchilling storage at −1 °C could better maintain the eating quality of shelled oysters and the shelf life was extended to 21 d.
- Published
- 2023
23. ANALYSIS OF UNIT INDICATOR BY RELEVANT DATA IN SPECIFICATIONS OF THE NURSING UNIT OF GENERAL ACUTE CARE HOSPITAL
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Masafumi SUDA, Shinsuke KAWAI, Kentaro SAKAINO, Atsuo KAKEHI, and Tetsuro YAMASHITA
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Architecture ,Building and Construction - Published
- 2021
24. Thermal stability of actin of silver carp ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ) harvested in summer and winter as affected by myosin complexation
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Zhuolin Wang, Yabin Niu, Shanzhen Zhao, Yuanyong Tian, Kefeng Yu, Tetsuro Yamashita, Youling Xiong, and Chunhong Yuan
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General Chemical Engineering ,General Chemistry ,Food Science - Published
- 2022
25. Detection of urinary luteinizing hormone in Japanese black cows after administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone
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Toh-Ichi Hirata, Masao Miyazaki, Tetsuro Yamashita, Tamako Miyazaki, Takashi Matsuzaki, and Reiko Uenoyama
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endocrine system ,Pituitary gland ,medicine.medical_specialty ,040301 veterinary sciences ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Urinary system ,cow ,Gonadotropin-releasing hormone ,Urine ,Positive correlation ,Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,luteinizing hormone (LH) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Ovulation ,Progesterone ,030304 developmental biology ,media_common ,0303 health sciences ,Estradiol ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,food and beverages ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Luteinizing Hormone ,Note ,urine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Pituitary Gland ,ovulation ,Cattle ,Female ,Theriogenology ,Luteinizing hormone ,business ,Hormone - Abstract
The blood luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in cows is well studied. However, little is known about urinary LH in cows. This study examined urinary LH concentrations after administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in six Japanese black cows to induce LH secretion from the pituitary gland into the bloodstream. Abrupt rises in plasma and urinary LH were observed after GnRH administration. Plasma and urinary LH peaked at 2 and 5 hr, respectively. A positive correlation was observed between plasma LH concentrations and urinary LH amounts. Ovulation was confirmed in the cows after 48 hr of GnRH administration. These data strongly suggest that urinary LH is derived from plasma LH, which triggers ovulation in cows.
- Published
- 2021
26. ANALYSIS OF UNIT INDICATOR BY RELEVANT DATA IN SPECIFICATIONS OF THE DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL ACUTE CARE HOSPITAL
- Author
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Atsuo Kakehi, Shinsuke Kawai, Tetsuro Yamashita, Kentaro Sakaino, and Masafumi Suda
- Subjects
business.industry ,Architecture ,Medicine ,Building and Construction ,business - Published
- 2020
27. A novel FLOURY ENDOSPERM2 (FLO2)-interacting protein, is involved in maintaining fertility and seed quality in rice
- Author
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Yoko Nonaga, Ken Taro Sekine, Hiroshi Teramura, Tetsuro Yamashita, Hiroaki Kusano, Hiroaki Shimada, Rintaro Suzuki, and Tomohiro Imamura
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Regulation of gene expression ,Original Paper ,0303 health sciences ,Mutant ,food and beverages ,Plant Science ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Cell biology ,Endosperm ,03 medical and health sciences ,Tetratricopeptide ,chemistry ,RNA interference ,Grain quality ,Storage protein ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Gene ,030304 developmental biology ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Crop plants accumulate a large amount of storage starch and storage proteins in the endosperm. Genes involved in the biosynthesis of these substances work in concert during development of the rice endosperm. The rice flo2 mutant produces aberrant seeds with reduced grain quality. FLOURRY ENDOSPERM 2 (FLO2), the causative gene of the flo2 mutant, is considered to be a regulatory protein that controls the biosynthesis of seed storage substances. FLO2 contains tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motifs that may mediate protein–protein interactions. In this study, we identified the protein that interacts with the TPR motif of FLO2. We generated a transformant that produced the FLAG-tagged fusion FLO2 protein in the flo2 mutant and used this in the shotgun proteomic analysis. A protein, which we named FLOC1, interacted with FLO2. In vitro pull-down assays indicated that the TPR motif was involved in this interaction. A knock-down transformant of FLOC1 showed significantly reducted fertility and generation of seeds with abnormal features. These findings suggest that FLOC1 is involved not only in seed fertility but also in seed quality. These phenotypes were also observed on the RNAi transformants of the flo2 mutant although the effect of the flo2 mutation remained. these findings imply that there is a difference in the functions of FLO2 and FLOC1 although both of appear to be involved in the control of seed quality during seed formation.
- Published
- 2020
28. Renal expression and urinary excretion of liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein in cats with renal disease
- Author
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Takeshi Sugaya, Keiichi Ohata, Masao Miyazaki, Rieko Katayama, Masaaki Katayama, Tetsuro Yamashita, Tsuyoshi Oikawa, Tamako Miyazaki, Misa Ohno, and Nobuko Wakamatsu
- Subjects
Male ,kidney ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Urinary system ,Standard Article ,Urinalysis ,Cat Diseases ,Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins ,Excretion ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Nephrology/Urology ,Animals ,Blood urea nitrogen ,Kidney ,Creatinine ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,CATS ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,Acute kidney injury ,medicine.disease ,Standard Articles ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,acute kidney injury ,chemistry ,Cats ,biomarker ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Female ,Kidney Diseases ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,SMALL ANIMAL ,business ,Biomarkers ,chronic kidney disease ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Background Liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein (L‐FABP) is a biomarker for early detection of renal disease in humans. Liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein is cytotoxic oxidation products secreted from proximal tubules under ischemia and oxidative stress. Objective To examine renal expression and quantify urinary excretion of L‐FABP in catswith renal disease. Animals One hundred and thirty‐four client‐owned cats including 34 cats with serum creatinine (sCre) values >1.6 mg/dL and 10 other cats that died in clinics. Methods Tissue expressions of L‐FABP were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Urinary L‐FABP (uL‐FABP) and serum L‐FABP (sL‐FABP) levels were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Anti‐liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein antibody immunostained renal sections. Results Feline kidneys express L‐FABP. Strong L‐FABP signals were observed in the lumens of proximal tubular cells in 5 cats with high uL‐FABP excretion, but not in 5 cats with low uL‐FABP excretion. In 9 normal cats, uL‐FABP index was 10.0 μg/g uCre) were detected in 7 of 100 cats with low sCre (1.6 mg/dL). There was a weak correlation between L‐FABP index and sCre, serum symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), or blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and these correlation coefficients were increased by analyzing only data of cats with sCre >1.6 mg/dL. There was a weak correlation between u L‐FABP index and sL‐FABP in all tested cats, but not in cats with high sCre. Conclusions and Clinical Importance This study demonstrates correlations between L‐FABP and current renal biomarkers for chronic kidney disease in cats, such as sCre and SDMA. Liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein may be a potential biomarker to predict early pathophysiological events in feline kidneys.
- Published
- 2020
29. Effects of Roxadustat on Erythropoietin Production in the Rat Body
- Author
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Yukiko Yasuoka, Yuichiro Izumi, Takashi Fukuyama, Haruki Omiya, Truyen D. Pham, Hideki Inoue, Tomomi Oshima, Taiga Yamazaki, Takayuki Uematsu, Noritada Kobayashi, Yoshitaka Shimada, Yasushi Nagaba, Tetsuro Yamashita, Masashi Mukoyama, Yuichi Sato, Susan M. Wall, Jeff M. Sands, Noriko Takahashi, Katsumasa Kawahara, and Hiroshi Nonoguchi
- Subjects
Male ,Glycine ,Pharmaceutical Science ,deglycosylation ,Kidney ,Western blotting ,Analytical Chemistry ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,QD241-441 ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Drug Discovery ,Animals ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Hypoxia ,Erythropoietin ,Organic Chemistry ,Prolyl-Hydroxylase Inhibitors ,Isoquinolines ,Rats ,Up-Regulation ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Protein Biosynthesis ,Roxadustat ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,erythropoietin ,PHD inhibitor ,hypoxia ,HIF2α ,proximal tubules ,collecting ducts - Abstract
Anemia is a major complication of chronic renal failure. To treat this anemia, prolylhydroxylase domain enzyme (PHD) inhibitors as well as erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) have been used. Although PHD inhibitors rapidly stimulate erythropoietin (Epo) production, the precise sites of Epo production following the administration of these drugs have not been identified. We developed a novel method for the detection of the Epo protein that employs deglycosylation-coupled Western blotting. With protein deglycosylation, tissue Epo contents can be quantified over an extremely wide range. Using this method, we examined the effects of the PHD inhibitor, Roxadustat (ROX), and severe hypoxia on Epo production in various tissues in rats. We observed that ROX increased Epo mRNA expression in both the kidneys and liver. However, Epo protein was detected in the kidneys but not in the liver. Epo protein was also detected in the salivary glands, spleen, epididymis and ovaries. However, both PHD inhibitors (ROX) and severe hypoxia increased the Epo protein abundance only in the kidneys. These data show that, while Epo is produced in many tissues, PHD inhibitors as well as severe hypoxia regulate Epo production only in the kidneys.
- Published
- 2021
30. Lentiviral expression of calpain-1 C2-like domain peptide prevents glutamate-induced cell death in mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells
- Author
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Takenori Oikawa, Tomokazu Fukuda, Tetsuro Yamashita, Hiroshi Tomita, and Taku Ozaki
- Subjects
Mice ,Oxidative Stress ,Cell Death ,Calpain ,Animals ,Apoptosis Inducing Factor ,Glutamic Acid ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Peptides ,Hippocampus ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Glutamate neurotoxicity is involved in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Excess glutamate causes caspase-independent programmed cell death via oxidative stress and calcium influx. Our previous study showed that calpain-1 localizes to both the cytoplasm and mitochondria, where apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is cleaved by calpain-1 and translocates to the nucleus to induce DNA fragmentation. The autoinhibitory region of calpain-1 conjugated with the cell-penetrating peptide HIV1-Tat (namely Tat-μCL) specifically prevents the activity of mitochondrial calpain-1 and attenuates neuronal cell death in animal models of retinitis pigmentosa, as well as glutamate-induced cell death in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. In the present study, we constructed a lentiviral vector expressing the Tat-μCL peptide and evaluated its protective effect against glutamate-induced cell death in HT22 cells. Lentiviral transduction with Tat-μCL significantly suppressed glutamate-induced nuclear translocation of AIF and DNA fragmentation. The findings of the present study suggest that the stable expression of Tat-μCL may be a potential gene therapy modality for neurodegenerative diseases.
- Published
- 2021
31. Study on nucleotide, myofibrillar protein biochemical properties and microstructure of freeze-dried scallop striated muscle during storage and rehydration
- Author
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Huamao Wei, Md. Golam Rasul, Zhongqi Sun, Wenge Yang, Tao Huang, Tetsuro Yamashita, Koichi Takaki, and Chunhong Yuan
- Subjects
Pectinidae ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,Dehydration ,Nucleotides ,Animals ,Fluid Therapy ,Proteins ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Adenosine Monophosphate ,Muscle, Striated ,Food Science - Abstract
The biochemical properties and microstructural changes of freeze-dried Japanese scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) striated muscle during room temperature storage and rehydration were investigated. The results showed that the content of ATP in freeze-dried scallop muscle remained stable with no significant difference (p 0.05). However, ATP was rapidly decomposed and AMP accumulated within 1.5 min of rehydration, and HxR and Hx were gradually produced from AMP decomposition with the extension of rehydration time. Besides, the results of chymotryptic digestion patterns demonstrated that the rod of myosin was unstable after dehydration, reflecting lower salt solubility than that of frozen-thawed scallop. In contrast, the myosin subfragment-1 (S-1) was stable, as indicated by the constant of Ca
- Published
- 2022
32. ANALYSIS OF UNIT INDICATOR BY RELEVANT DATA IN SPECIFICATIONS OF THE OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL ACUTE CARE HOSPITAL
- Author
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Tetsuro Yamashita, Shinsuke Kawai, Masafumi Suda, Kentaro Sakaino, and Atsuo Kakehi
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Facility management ,business.industry ,Reference values ,Acute care ,Architecture ,medicine ,Building and Construction ,Medical emergency ,medicine.disease ,business ,Unit (housing) - Published
- 2019
33. Identification, characterization, and structural analyses of a fungal endo-β-1,2-glucanase reveal a new glycoside hydrolase family
- Author
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Hiroki Matsunaga, Tohru Terada, Yuta Takahashi, Fumio Sugawara, Hayao Taguchi, Hiroyuki Nakai, Koichi Abe, Tetsuro Yamashita, Hiroki Aramasa, Masahiro Nakajima, Megumi Narukawa-Nara, Takashi Kamakura, Shinji Kamisuki, Naohisa Sugimoto, Shiro Komba, Akimasa Miyanaga, and Nobukiyo Tanaka
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Glycoside Hydrolases ,Sophorose ,Stereochemistry ,Mutant ,Biochemistry ,Substrate Specificity ,Enzyme catalysis ,Fungal Proteins ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Complementary DNA ,Hydrolase ,Glycoside hydrolase ,Molecular Biology ,Soil Microbiology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,030102 biochemistry & molecular biology ,Cell Biology ,Enzyme structure ,030104 developmental biology ,Enzyme ,Talaromyces ,chemistry ,Enzymology - Abstract
endo-β-1,2-Glucanase (SGL) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes β-1,2-glucans, which play important physiological roles in some bacteria as a cyclic form. To date, no eukaryotic SGL has been identified. We purified an SGL from Talaromyces funiculosus (TfSGL), a soil fungus, to homogeneity and then cloned the complementary DNA encoding the enzyme. TfSGL shows no significant sequence similarity to any known glycoside hydrolase (GH) families, but shows significant similarity to certain eukaryotic proteins with unknown functions. The recombinant TfSGL (TfSGLr) specifically hydrolyzed linear and cyclic β-1,2-glucans to sophorose (Glc-β–1,2-Glc) as a main product. TfSGLr hydrolyzed reducing-end–modified β-1,2-gluco-oligosaccharides to release a sophoroside with the modified moiety. These results indicate that TfSGL is an endo-type enzyme that preferably releases sophorose from the reducing end of substrates. Stereochemical analysis demonstrated that TfSGL is an inverting enzyme. The overall structure of TfSGLr includes an (α/α)(6) toroid fold. The substrate-binding mode was revealed by the structure of a Michaelis complex of an inactive TfSGLr mutant with a β-1,2-glucoheptasaccharide. Mutational analysis and action pattern analysis of β-1,2-gluco-oligosaccharide derivatives revealed an unprecedented catalytic mechanism for substrate hydrolysis. Glu-262 (general acid) indirectly protonates the anomeric oxygen at subsite −1 via the 3-hydroxy group of the Glc moiety at subsite +2, and Asp-446 (general base) activates the nucleophilic water via another water. TfSGLr is apparently different from a GH144 SGL in the reaction and substrate recognition mechanism based on structural comparison. Overall, we propose that TfSGL and closely-related enzymes can be classified into a new family, GH162.
- Published
- 2019
34. A Multicenter Retrospective Study of Elective Neck Dissection for T1-2N0M0 Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Analysis Using Propensity Score-Matching
- Author
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Takumi Hasegawa, Kazuma Noguchi, Tomonao Aikawa, Mitsunobu Otsuru, Tadahide Noguchi, Michihiro Ueda, Takahiro Kamata, Masaya Okura, Ayumi Shintani, Hiroyuki Naito, Hiroshi Kurita, Tadaaki Kirita, Kazunari Karakida, Daijiro Kabata, Yoshihide Ota, Nobuhiro Yamakawa, Yoshihiro Yamashita, Souichi Yanamoto, Y. Ohiro, Takahide Komori, Takahiko Shibahara, Masahiro Umeda, and Tetsuro Yamashita
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Tongue ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,Humans ,Young adult ,Propensity Score ,Survival rate ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Cancer ,Retrospective cohort study ,Neck dissection ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Tongue Neoplasms ,Surgery ,Survival Rate ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,Elective Surgical Procedures ,Lymphatic Metastasis ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Propensity score matching ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Neck Dissection ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Head and Neck Oncology ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background This multicenter retrospective study aimed to determine whether elective neck dissection (END) can be performed for T1-2N0M0 tongue cancer. Methods Patients with T1-2N0M0 tongue squamous cell carcinoma who received treatment between January 2000 and December 2012 were enrolled at 14 multicenter study sites. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) were compared between the propensity score-matched END and observation (OBS) groups. Results The results showed that the OS rates among the 1234 enrolled patients were 85.5% in the END group and 90.2% in the OBS group (P = 0.182). The DSS rates were 87.0% in the END group and 94.3% in the OBS group (P = 0.003). Among the matched patients, the OS rates were 87.1% in the END group and 76.2% in the OBS group (P = 0.0051), and the respective DSS rates were 89.2% and 82.2% (P = 0.0335). Conclusion This study showed that END is beneficial for T1-2N0M0 tongue cancer. However, END should be performed for patients with a tumor depth of 4–5 mm or more, which is the depth associated with a high rate of lymph node metastasis. The use of END should be carefully considered for both elderly and young patients.
- Published
- 2019
35. Temporal changes of abomasal contents and volumes in calves fed milk diluted with oral rehydration salt solution
- Author
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Keiji Okada, Tamako Miyazaki, Masao Miyazaki, and Tetsuro Yamashita
- Subjects
Diarrhea ,Time Factors ,Globulin ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Cattle Diseases ,Abomasum ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Animal science ,fluids and secretions ,oral rehydration therapy ,medicine ,Internal Medicine ,Animals ,Beta-lactoglobulin ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,calf ,General Veterinary ,biology ,Full Paper ,business.industry ,Chemistry ,Abomasal contents ,food and beverages ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,curd formation ,Animal Feed ,Whole milk ,Salt solution ,Milk ,Animals, Newborn ,Gastric Emptying ,Rehydration Solutions ,biology.protein ,Cattle ,Ultrasonography ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Several manufacturers recommend to feed mixture comprising equal amounts of oral rehydration salt (ORS) solution and milk for diarrheic calves after milk withdrawal. Such a feeding method is expected to supply more nutrients and energy compared to feeding only the ORS solution. However, little is known about the effects of feeding milk diluted with ORS solution on calves' digestive process. This study examined the abomasal contents, volumes, and emptying rates in calves fed whole milk, milk diluted by 50% with ORS solution (50% ORS-milk), and ORS solution. Ultrasonography identified curds in the milk-fed calves, but not in the 50% ORS-milk-fed or the ORS-fed calves. The abomasal fluid of the 50% ORS-milk-fed calves contained not only β-lactoglobulin but also α-casein (CN), β-CN, and κ-CN, which were used for curd formation and undetectable in the milk-fed calves. Abomasal pH was relatively higher in the 50% ORS-milk-fed than that in the milk-fed calves. Abomasal emptying rates were significantly faster in the ORS-fed than in the 50% ORS-milk-fed and the milk-fed calves. These data indicate that the formation of abomasal curd is inhibited in the 50% ORS-milk-fed calves due to the resultant high abomasal pH and low κ-CN concentration. The 50% ORS-milk may not provide rehydration as quickly as the ORS solution. In conclusion, we do not recommend feeding 50% ORS-milk to calves.
- Published
- 2019
36. ANALYSIS OF COUNTERMEASURES AND DEMANDS FOR HOSPITAL FACILITIES ACCEPTING CASUALTIES
- Author
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Tetsuro Yamashita, Kyoko Hine, Ikushi Yoda, Kana Egawa, and Atsushi Kimura
- Subjects
Space planning ,medicine ,Business ,Medical emergency ,medicine.disease - Published
- 2019
37. The characteristic response of domestic cats to plant iridoids allows them to gain chemical defense against mosquitoes
- Author
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Yu Miyazawa, Robert J. Beynon, Tetsuro Yamashita, Takanobu Murooka, Reiko Uenoyama, Tamako Miyazaki, Rieko Katayama, Masaatsu Adachi, Toshio Nishikawa, Jane L. Hurst, Masao Miyazaki, Shuji Kaneko, and Ibuki Onoda
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,animal structures ,Aedes albopictus ,Actinidia polygama ,Nepeta cataria ,Zoology ,Biochemistry ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,parasitic diseases ,Characteristic response ,Nepetalactol ,Research Articles ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,CATS ,biology ,fungi ,food and beverages ,SciAdv r-articles ,biology.organism_classification ,Chemical defense ,PEST analysis ,Research Article - Abstract
Cats anoint themselves with plant metabolites that confer mosquito repellence., Domestic cats and other felids rub their faces and heads against catnip (Nepeta cataria) and silver vine (Actinidia polygama) and roll on the ground as a characteristic response. While this response is well known, its biological function and underlying mechanism remain undetermined. Here, we uncover the neurophysiological mechanism and functional outcome of this feline response. We found that the iridoid nepetalactol is the major component of silver vine that elicits this potent response in cats and other felids. Nepetalactol increased plasma β-endorphin levels in cats, while pharmacological inhibition of μ-opioid receptors suppressed the classic rubbing response. Rubbing behavior transfers nepetalactol onto the faces and heads of respondents where it repels the mosquito, Aedes albopictus. Thus, self-anointing behavior helps to protect cats against mosquito bites. The characteristic response of cats to nepetalactol via the μ-opioid system provides an important example of chemical pest defense using plant metabolites in nonhuman mammals.
- Published
- 2021
38. Differentiation of endogenous erythropoietin and exogenous ESAs by Western blotting
- Author
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Katsumasa Kawahara, Yoshitaka Shimada, Taiga Yamazaki, Yuichi Sato, Tomomi Oshima, Noritada Kobayashi, Tetsuro Yamashita, Jeff M. Sands, Kengo Yanagita, Hiroshi Nonoguchi, Yasushi Nagaba, Hideki Inoue, Takayuki Uematsu, Yuichiro Izumi, Takashi Fukuyama, Masashi Mukoyama, Yukiko Yasuoka, and Yushi Nakayama
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Epoetin α ,Molecular biology ,Endogeny ,Endogenous erythropoietin ,Biochemistry ,Western blotting ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Doping ,medicine ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,Exogenous ,lcsh:Science (General) ,Erythropoietin ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Public health ,Renal system ,Multidisciplinary ,Endogenous ,Chemistry ,Ms analysis ,Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents ,Blot ,030104 developmental biology ,Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis ,Hematological system ,lcsh:H1-99 ,Glycoprotein ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Research Article ,medicine.drug ,Biotechnology ,lcsh:Q1-390 - Abstract
Doping tests for the illegal use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) have been developed. We developed a new Western blotting method to detect and distinguish endogenous erythropoietin (Epo, 35-38 kDa) and exogenous ESAs (epoetin α and β, 38-42 kDa; darbepoetin α, 47-50 kDa; epoetin β pegol, 93-110 kDa). Epo and ESAs are glycoproteins and deglycosylation using peptide-N-glycosidase F shifted all Epo and ESA bands except epoetin β pegol to 22 kDa. We cut the bands of Epo and ESAs from SDS-PAGE gels and analyzed them by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS). LC/MS detected all endogenous Epo and exogenous ESAs as deglycosylated 22 kDa Epo, indicating that LC/MS analysis could confirm the presence of Epo or ESA, but could not distinguish between endogenous Epo and exogenous ESAs. We propose the following Epo doping tests: 1) detect Epo or ESAs by Western blotting of the glycosylated form; 2) increase the reliability by the band shift following deglycosylation; and 3) complete confirmation of Epo or ESA by LC/MS analysis using cut gels. One of the advantages of our method is that pre-purification of samples for Epo is not required in our Western blotting., Biotechnology; Biochemistry; Molecular Biology; Public Health; Hematological System; Renal System; erythropoietin, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, Western blotting, Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry analysis, doping, endogenous, exogenous.
- Published
- 2020
39. Characterization of mouse di
- Author
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Misa, Ohno, Masao, Miyazaki, Masahiro, Kimura, Yusaku, Minowa, Masayoshi, Sakaguchi, Fumitaka, Oyama, and Tetsuro, Yamashita
- Subjects
Kinetics ,Mice ,Acetylglucosaminidase ,Animals ,Oligosaccharides ,Chitin ,Substrate Specificity - Abstract
Di
- Published
- 2020
40. Differentiation of endogenous Erythropoietin and exogenous ESAs by Western blotting with deglycosylation
- Author
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Yukiko Yasuoka, Takashi Fukuyama, Yuichiro Izumi, Tetsuro Yamashita, Yushi Nakayama, Hideki Inoue, Kengo Yanagita, Tomomi Oshima, Taiga Yamazaki, Takayuki Uematsu, Noritada Kobayashi, Yoshitaka Shimada, Yasushi Nagaba, Masashi Mukoyama, Yuichi Sato, Jeff M. Sands, Katsumasa Kawahara, and Hiroshi Nonoguchi
- Subjects
hemic and lymphatic diseases - Abstract
Doping tests for illegal use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) have been developed. Here, we show a new Western blotting to distinguish endogenous erythropoietin (Epo, 35-38 kDa) and exogenous ESAs (epoetin alpha and beta; 38-42 kDa, darbepoetin alpha; 47-50 kDa, epoetin beta pegol; 93-110 kDa). In contrast, Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry analyzed all endogenous Epo and exogenous ESAs as delycosylated 22 kDa Epo, indicating that LC/MS analysis could not distinguish Epo and ESAs. We believe that our Western blotting is useful to protect against illegal use of ESAs.
- Published
- 2020
41. Erythropoietin production by the kidney and the liver in response to severe hypoxia evaluated by Western blotting with deglycosylation
- Author
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Tomomi Oshima, Tetsuro Yamashita, Takayuki Uematsu, Hiroshi Nonoguchi, Taiga Yamazaki, Takashi Fukuyama, Yuichi Sato, Katsumasa Kawahara, Masashi Mukoyama, Yoshitaka Shimada, Yukiko Yasuoka, Yushi Nakayama, Jeff M. Sands, Yuichiro Izumi, Kengo Yanagita, Yasushi Nagaba, Hideki Inoue, and Noritada Kobayashi
- Subjects
Male ,Glycosylation ,Physiology ,Urinary system ,Blotting, Western ,deglycosylation ,erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Kidney ,lcsh:Physiology ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Western blot ,Physiology (medical) ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Gene expression ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Original Research ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,lcsh:QP1-981 ,hypoxia ,Anemia ,Hypoxia (medical) ,Molecular biology ,Rats ,Blot ,Disease Models, Animal ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Liver ,Erythropoietin ,Immunohistochemistry ,erythropoietin ,medicine.symptom ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The detection of erythropoietin (Epo) protein by Western blotting has required pre‐purification of the sample. We developed a new Western blot method to detect plasma and urinary Epo using deglycosylation. Epo in urine and tissue, and erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents (ESAs) in urine were directly detected by our Western blotting. Plasma Epo and ESAs were not detected by direct application but were detected by our Western blotting after deglycosylation. The broad bands of Epo and ESAs were shifted to 22 kDa by deglycosylation except for PEG‐bound epoetin β pegol. The 22 kDa band from an anemic patient's urine was confirmed by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS) to contain human Epo. Severe hypoxia (7% O2, 4 hr) caused a 400‐fold increase in deglycosylated Epo expression in rat kidneys, which is consistent with the increases in both Epo gene expression and plasma Epo concentration. Immunohistochemistry showed Epo expression in nephrons but not in interstitial cells under control conditions, and hypoxia increased Epo expression in interstitial cells but not in tubules. These data show that intrinsic Epo and all ESAs can be detected by Western blot either directly in urine or after deglycosylation in blood, and that the kidney but not the liver is the main site of Epo production in control and severe hypoxia. Our method will make the tests for Epo doping and detection easy., The glycosylated Epo production by the kidney in response to severe hypoxia increased by 10–20 times. Deglycosylated Epo production by the kidney showed 400‐fold increase by severe hypoxia.
- Published
- 2020
42. Erythropoietin production by the kidney and the liver in response to severe hypoxia evaluated by Western blotting with deglycosylation
- Author
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Kengo Yanagita, Yasushi Nagaba, Hideki Inoue, Hiroshi Nonoguchi, Katsumasa Kawahara, Noritada Kobayashi, Tomomi Oshima, Tetsuro Yamashita, Takayuki Uematsu, Takashi Fukuyama, Yuichiro Izumi, Yoshitaka Shimada, Taiga Yamazaki, Yuichi Sato, Yukiko Yasuoka, Yushi Nakayama, and Masashi Mukoyama
- Subjects
Kidney ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chemistry ,Urinary system ,Hypoxia (medical) ,Molecular biology ,Blot ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Western blot ,Erythropoietin ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Gene expression ,medicine ,Immunohistochemistry ,medicine.symptom ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The detection of erythropoietin (Epo) protein by Western blotting has required pre-purification of the sample. We developed a new western blot method to detect plasma and urinary Epo using deglycosylation. Epo in urine and tissue and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in urine were directly detected by our Western blotting. Plasma Epo and ESAs were detected by our Western blotting after deglycosylation. The broad bands of Epo and ESAs were shifted to 22 kDa by deglycosylation except PEG-bound epoetin β pegol. The 22 kDa band from anemic patient urine was confirmed by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS) to contain human Epo. Sever hypoxia (7% O 2, 4 hr) caused a 400-fold increase in deglycosylated Epo expression in rat kidneys, which is consistent with the increases in both Epo gene expression and plasma Epo concentration. Immunohistochemistry showed Epo expression in nephrons but not in interstitial cells under control conditions, and hypoxia increased Epo expression in interstitial cells but not in tubules. These data show that intrinsic Epo and all ESAs can be detected by Western blot either directly in urine or after deglycosylation in blood, and that the kidney is the main and sole site of Epo production in control and severe hypoxia. Our method will completely change Epo doping and detection. The detection of erythropoietin (Epo) protein by Western blotting has required pre-purification of the sample. We developed a new western blot method to detect plasma and urinary Epo using deglycosylation. Epo in urine and tissue and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in urine were directly detected by our Western blotting. Plasma Epo and ESAs were detected by our Western blotting after deglycosylation. The broad bands of Epo and ESAs were shifted to 22 kDa by deglycosylation except PEG-bound epoetin β pegol. The 22 kDa band from anemic patient urine was confirmed by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS) to contain human Epo. Sever hypoxia (7% O 2, 4 hr) caused a 400-fold increase in deglycosylated Epo expression in rat kidneys, which is consistent with the increases in both Epo gene expression and plasma Epo concentration. Immunohistochemistry showed Epo expression in nephrons but not in interstitial cells under control conditions, and hypoxia increased Epo expression in interstitial cells but not in tubules. These data show that intrinsic Epo and all ESAs can be detected by Western blot either directly in urine or after deglycosylation in blood, and that the kidney is the main and sole site of Epo production in control and severe hypoxia. Our method will completely change Epo doping and detection.
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Presence of ES1 homolog in the mitochondrial intermembrane space of porcine retinal cells
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Taku Ozaki, Kinji Ishida, Hiroshi Tomita, Tetsuro Yamashita, Eriko Sugano, Shinto Utsumi, Kimitoshi Sakamoto, and Eri Ishiyama
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0301 basic medicine ,Mitochondrial intermembrane space ,Swine ,Immunoelectron microscopy ,Biophysics ,Mitochondrion ,Biochemistry ,Photoreceptor cell ,Retina ,Mitochondrial Proteins ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Eye Proteins ,Molecular Biology ,Zebrafish ,biology ,Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ,Retinal ,Cell Biology ,Glyoxalase III activity ,biology.organism_classification ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Solubility ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Mitochondrial Membranes ,Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - Abstract
ES1 homologs are conserved among prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and the gene expression of ES1 homologs has been confirmed in diverse mammalian tissues. However, the localization and function of mammalian ES1 proteins remain poorly understood. ES1 protein was found specifically expressed in the cone cells of zebrafish and was proposed to contribute to the formation of mega mitochondria. We also observed mega mitochondria in the cone cells of porcine retinas, which raised the question regarding the localization of the porcine ES1. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to determine the localization of ES1 in porcine retinas. We prepared a rabbit polyclonal antibody against the ES1 C-terminal and performed western blotting analysis and immunoelectron microscopy. The ES1 was found to be localized mainly in the mitochondrial intermembrane space of the porcine retinal cells. Immunopositive signals for ES1 were observed in the mitochondria of almost all retinal cells, and not specifically in cone cells. Our results and the ES1 sequences indicated that the glyoxalase III activity of ES1 might contribute to the stable functionality of the active mitochondria in a protective manner.
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- 2020
44. Condition-dependent adenosine monophosphate decomposition pathways in striated adductor muscle from Japanese scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis)
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Huamao Wei, Chunhong Yuan, Yuanyong Tian, Tetsuro Yamashita, Yumeng Lin, Hayato Maeda, Kefeng Yu, and Koichi Takaki
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Inosine monophosphate ,Adenosine monophosphate ,animal structures ,Nucleotidase activity ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Patinopecten yessoensis ,macromolecular substances ,Umami ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,stomatognathic system ,Japan ,Inosine Monophosphate ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Muscle, Skeletal ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Muscles ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,Adenosine ,Adenosine Monophosphate ,enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates) ,Pectinidae ,Enzyme ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Seafood ,Taste ,Scallop ,Food Science ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to confirm inosine monophosphate (IMP) generation and to clarify the decomposition pathway of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) by investigating the properties of AMP, IMP, and adenosine (AdR) decomposition enzymes in Japanese scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis). The results showed that IMP accumulated due to AMP decomposition via endogenous enzymes in scallops stored at both 4 °C and 20 °C. The AMP decomposition rate was highest in the supernatant of homogenized scallop adductor muscle, followed by the suspended solution and precipitate, while IMP could not be decomposed in scallop. The results indicated that the activity of AdR deaminase was very high, and this enzyme was involved in an intracellular process in scallop. Moreover, 1 min of heating exerted little influence on the AMP and AdR decomposition rates, while 5 min of heating induced enzyme denaturation. The IMP generation rate increased dramatically in scallop crude enzyme solution containing 5 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). This suggests that the major pathway of AMP decomposition might change with variations in metal ion concentrations in Japanese scallop. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: IMP generation in Japanese scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) caused by endogenous enzymes was confirmed. IMP is very important for the umami taste (a pleasant savory taste) of aquatic products. As IMP accumulation might be achieved by changing the concentration of divalent metal ions and no IMP 5'-nucleotidase activity was detected in scallop, a suitable process to produce good flavor scallops with high IMP contents might be developed.
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- 2020
45. Characterization of mouse di-N-acetylchitobiase that can degrade chitin-oligosaccharides
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Fumitaka Oyama, Misa Ohno, Tetsuro Yamashita, Masao Miyazaki, Masahiro Kimura, Masayoshi Sakaguchi, and Yusaku Minowa
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0301 basic medicine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Glycan ,biology ,Chemistry ,Stereochemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,CTBS ,Glycoside ,General Medicine ,Chitobiose ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,carbohydrates (lipids) ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Chitin ,biology.protein ,Molecular Biology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Di-N-acetylchitobiase (Ctbs) degrades β-1,4 glycoside bonds of the chitobiose core of free asparagine-linked glycan. This study examined whether Ctbs degrades chitin-oligosaccharides to GlcNAc in mammals. We analyzed Ctbs mRNA and protein expression in mouse tissues and characterized enzymatic activity using recombinant mouse Ctbs expressed in Escherichia coli. Ctbs mRNA and protein were expressed in various tissues of mouse, including the stomach. Optimal conditions for recombinant Ctbs were pH 3.0 and 45°C, and the recombinant enzyme was retained more than 94% activity after incubation at pH 3.0–7.0 and below 37°C. The recombinant Ctbs hydrolyzed (GlcNAc)3 and (GlcNAc)6 at pH 3.0 and produced GlcNAc. The K m of Ctbs was lowest with (GlcNAc)3 as a substrate. k cat/K m was fourfold as high with (GlcNAc)3 and (GlcNAc)4 as substrates than with (GlcNAc)2. These results suggest that Ctbs digests chitin-oligosaccharides or (GlcNAc)2 of reducing-end residues of oligosaccharides and produces GlcNAc in mouse tissues. Di-N-acetylchitobiase (Ctbs) is most active at pH 3.0 and retained more than 94% activity after incubation at pH 3.0–7.0 and below 37°C. The preferred substrate of recombinant Ctbs is (GlcNAc)3.
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Presence of calpain-5 in mitochondria
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Taku Ozaki, Hiroshi Tomita, Takeshi Iwamoto, Tetsuro Yamashita, Kinji Ishida, and Eri Ishiyama
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0301 basic medicine ,Programmed cell death ,Swine ,Immunoelectron microscopy ,Biophysics ,Electrons ,Mitochondrion ,Biochemistry ,Retina ,Photoreceptor cell ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cytosol ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Photoreceptor Cells ,Microscopy, Immunoelectron ,Molecular Biology ,Inflammation ,biology ,Calpain ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Retinal ,Cell Biology ,Mitochondria ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Gene Expression Regulation ,chemistry ,Apoptosis ,biology.protein ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate ,Subcellular Fractions - Abstract
Calpains are Ca2+-dependent cysteine proteases that are widely distributed in animal tissues and modulate a variety of cellular processes. There are 15 members of the calpain family in mammals. In animal cells, there are three types of calpains, viz., calpain-1, calpain-2, and calpain-10 in the mitochondria. The three types of calpains have been shown to play significant roles in pathophysiological conditions, including in apoptosis- and necrosis-like cell death. One of the severe retinal diseases, autosomal dominant neovascular inflammatory vitreoretinopathy, is known to be induced by mutations of the calpain-5 gene. However, the distribution of calpain-5 in the retina has not been elucidated. Therefore, in the present study, we determined the localization of calpain-5 in the porcine retina. We detected calpain-5 in the inner segment of photoreceptor cells using immunohistochemistry. With immunoelectron microscopy, calpain-5 was localized in the mitochondria of photoreceptor cells. Western blot analyses showed that calpain-5 was present in each mitochondrial subfraction. Furthermore, we showed that the molecular weight of mitochondrial calpain-5 was slightly smaller than cytosolic one. Our results demonstrated that a novel mitochondrial calpian, calpain-5, was localized in the mitochondria of retinal photoreceptor cells.
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- 2018
47. Cancer/testis antigen, Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 and ABCD stratification for diagnosing gastric cancers
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Akiko Shida, Haruki Ohmiya, Nobue Futawatari, Yoshinobu Ichiki, Noritada Kobayashi, Tetsuro Yamashita, Yoshihito Takahashi, Takashi Fukuyama, Hitoshi Yamazaki, Masahiko Watanabe, and Yatsushi Nishi
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Adult ,Male ,Helicobacter Infections ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Antigen ,Antigens, Neoplasm ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Retrospective Study ,Pepsinogen A ,Kita-kyushu lung cancer antigen 1 ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Pepsinogen C ,Medicine ,Humans ,Lung cancer ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,biology ,Helicobacter pylori ,business.industry ,Gastroenterology ,Cancer ,General Medicine ,respiratory system ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Antibodies, Bacterial ,Tumor antigen ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Immunoglobulin G ,Early detection of cancer ,Cancer research ,Cancer/testis antigens ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Female ,Cancer/testis antigen ,business ,Gastric cancer ,Kita–Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 - Abstract
BACKGROUND The ABCD stratification [(combination of serum pepsinogen (PG) levels and titers of antibody (immunoglobulin G, IgG) against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)] is effective for the classification of individuals at risk of developing gastric cancer (GC). The Kita–Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 (KK-LC-1) is a Cancer/Testis antigen frequently expressed in GC. AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of KK-LC-1 and ABCD stratification in the diagnosis of GC. METHODS We analyzed the gene expression of KK-LC-1 in surgical specimens obtained from GC tumors. The levels of serum PG I/PG II and IgG against H. pylori were measured. According to their serological status, the patients were classified into the four groups of the ABCD stratification. RESULTS Of the 77 examined patients, 63 (81.8%) expressed KK-LC-1. The IgG titers of H. pylori and PG II were significantly higher in patients expressing KK-LC-1 than those measured in patients not expressing KK-LC-1 (P = 0.0289 and P = 0.0041, respectively). The expression of KK-LC-1 in group C [PG method (+)/H. pylori infection (+)] was as high as 93.9% high. KK-LC-1 was also detected in group A [-/-]. CONCLUSION The KK-LC-1 expression in GC was associated with H. pylori infection and atrophic status, so that, KK-LC-1 may be a useful marker for the diagnosis of GC.
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- 2019
48. The Chemical Basis of Species, Sex, and Individual Recognition Using Feces in the Domestic Cat
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Tetsuro Yamashita, Takashi Nishimura, Masao Miyazaki, Wataru Hojo, and Tamako Miyazaki
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Male ,Aging ,Zoology ,Olfaction ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ,Feces ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Sniffing ,Animals ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Felinine ,050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology ,Sex Attractants ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Principal Component Analysis ,Volatile Organic Compounds ,CATS ,Behavior, Animal ,biology ,Felis ,Fatty Acids ,010401 analytical chemistry ,05 social sciences ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,0104 chemical sciences ,Odor ,chemistry ,Cats ,Pheromone ,Female - Abstract
Scents emitted from excretions provide important information about the owner. Volatile compounds with higher levels in a species and/or sex, or that vary among individuals could be odor cues for species and/or sex, or individual recognition. However, such compounds have been identified in only a few vertebrate species. In domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus), it is known that unburied cat feces are territorial markers asserting the border of their home range, but little was known which fecal compounds are scent cues for species, sex, and individual recognition in cats. In the present study, we demonstrated the chemical basis for species, sex, and individual recognition using feces of cats. For males, major contents were fatty acids and 3-mercapto-3-methyl-1-butanol (MMB), a derivative of the unusual amino acid, felinine. MMB emission levels from feces had sex-based differences (male > female) and dynamic temporal changes during aging. Cats distinguished fecal odors with and without MMB, and different fatty acid compositions among individuals. No cat-specific compound, such as MMB, was detectable from their anal odor emitting fatty acids. We concluded that fecal MMB is a male sex recognition pheromone in cats and also provides a temporal trace of the owner. After sensing MMB, they may distinguish individual differences of conspecific feces with variable subsets of fatty acids. In contrast to scent marks, since cats can obtain species information from visual cues before sniffing conspecific anal odors, they may use their efforts to distinguish individual differences of anal odors during sniffing.
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- 2018
49. Multicenter retrospective study of cetuximab plus platinum-based chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma
- Author
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Masaya Okura, Mitomu Kioi, Tadaaki Kirita, Takahiko Shibahara, Souichi Yanamoto, Narikazu Uzawa, Hideki Tanzawa, Yoshihide Ota, Jingo Kusukawa, Tetsuro Yamashita, Masahiro Umeda, Hiroyuki Hamakawa, Satoshi Yokoo, Hiroyoshi Hiratsuka, Iwai Tohnai, and Hiroshi Kurita
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cetuximab ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Toxicology ,Gastroenterology ,Drug Administration Schedule ,Carboplatin ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Neoplasm Metastasis ,Adverse effect ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Pharmacology ,Cisplatin ,Chemotherapy ,Leukopenia ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,Exanthema ,Middle Aged ,Rash ,Treatment Outcome ,030104 developmental biology ,Oncology ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Female ,Mouth Neoplasms ,Fluorouracil ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of cetuximab plus platinum-based chemotherapy for patients specifically diagnosed with recurrent or metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We conducted a multicenter retrospective observational study of patients who underwent first-line cetuximab plus platinum-based chemotherapy between December 2012 and June 2015. 65 patients received weekly cetuximab (week 1, 400 mg/m2; subsequent weeks, 250 mg/m2) plus a maximum of six 3-weekly cycles of cisplatin (80 or 100 mg/m2, day 1) or carboplatin (at an area under the curve of 5 mg/mL/min as a 1-h intravenous infusion on day 1) and 5-fluorouracil (800 or 1000 mg/m2/day, days 1–4). Patients with stable disease who received cetuximab plus platinum-based chemotherapy continued to receive cetuximab until disease progression or unacceptable toxicities, whichever occurred first. The median follow-up was 10.5 (range 1.2–34.2) months. The best overall response and the disease control rates were 46.2 and 67.7%, respectively. The median overall survival and progression-free survival rates were 12.1 and 7.8 months, respectively. The most common grades 3–4 adverse events were skin rash (9.2%) followed by leukopenia (6.2%). None of the adverse events were fatal. The results of our multicenter retrospective study, which was the largest of its kind to date, suggest that first-line cetuximab plus platinum-based chemotherapy is suitable and well-tolerated for the systemic therapy of recurrent or metastatic OSCC.
- Published
- 2018
50. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production using mannitol as a sole carbon source by Burkholderia sp. AIU M5M02 isolated from a marine environment
- Author
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Yuki Yamahata, Ai Yukita, Masao Miyazaki, Tetsuro Yamashita, Yuta Hanazumi, Hiroki Moriya, Miwa Yamada, and Hitoshi Shimoi
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Sucrose ,Fructose ,Maltose ,Aquatic Science ,Xylose ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,010608 biotechnology ,Gluconic acid ,medicine ,Glycerol ,Food science ,Mannitol ,Sugar ,medicine.drug - Abstract
We isolated Burkholderia sp. AIU M5M02, which accumulates poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] homopolymer in a nitrogen-limiting mineral salt medium containing mannitol as a sole carbon source, from a marine environment. When the isolated strain was cultured in a nitrogen-limiting mineral salt medium (pH 5.0) containing 10% (v/v) mannitol as a sole carbon source for 4 days, P(3HB) content and P(3HB) productivity reached 40 weight percent and 1.5 g/l, respectively. Thus, we demonstrated that Burkholderia sp. AIU M5M02 can be utilized for P(3HB) production from mannitol, which is a major sugar in seaweed. Furthermore, the isolate utilized not only mannitol but also gluconic acid, glycerol, starch, and sugars such as fructose, glucose, maltose, sucrose, and xylose to produce P(3HB). Based on these results, we expect to be able to apply Burkholderia sp. AIU M5M02 to the production of P(3HB) from other raw materials with low environmental loads.
- Published
- 2018
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