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Aim: To establish the association between war traumatic experiences, post traumatic growth and resilience among universities students in the Gaza Strip, 9 months after 51 days' war on Gaza, and during a period of ongoing trauma exposure. Method: The sample consisted of 381 randomly selected students from representative four major universities in Gaza, who completed the Gaza Traumatic Events Checklist, Resilience scale and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. Results: Participants reported a range of traumatic events, the highest frequencies of reported traumatic events were watching mutilated bodies in TV (94.5%), hearing shelling of the area by artillery (92.4%), hearing the loud voice of drones (87.4%), forced to and inhalation of bad smells due to bombardment (78.7%). While, the least common traumatic experiences were hearing killing of a friend (11%), and being arrested during the land incursion witnessing (18.9%). The mean total traumatic events were 10 (SD =4.7). The results showed that 6% reported mild traumatic events, 36% reported moderate traumatic events, and 58% reported severe traumatic events. Male students had experienced significantly more traumatic events than females. Mean PTG was 67.34, appreciation of life was 7.17, new possibilities was 12.25, the personal strength was 10.62, and spiritual change was 6.82. Males had significantly more post traumatic growth than females (Mean = 69.19 vs. 65.68) and females had significantly more spiritual changes than males (Mean =6.46 vs. 7.1). For resilience, mean resilience was 55, personal competence was 22.32, Positive acceptance was 13.49, trust in one's instincts was 16.30, control was 7.96, and spiritual influences were 7.31. There were gender differences on resilience subscale. Males had significantly more positive acceptance h than females (Mean = 13.9 vs. 13) (t = 2.46, = 0.01), trust in others (Mean = 17.22 vs. 15.46), control (Mean = 8.21 vs. 7.7), spiritual influences, and females had significantly more spiritual changes than males (Mean = 7 vs. 7.5). There were statistically significant differences in control subscale toward students from Al Azhar University. There were negative associations between total traumatic events and spiritual influences and spiritual change. Total resilience was positively correlated with total Post traumatic growth, appreciation of life, new possibilities, personal strength, relating to others, and spiritual change. Discussion: Universities students still experienced high levels of distress few months following an acute period of conflict, although they remained exposed to trauma. No correlation between trauma, resilience, and posttraumatic growth. Implications for Practice: There is need for different levels of support for universities students in war-affected areas, and these should continue beyond the end of hostilities. Key words: Gaza, posttraumatic growth, resilience, trauma, war.

This study aimed to investigate the difference in psychological and social development of children of working mothers in comparison of children of non-working mothers inGaza. Study design The researcher adopted the comparative analytical approach to compare between the psychological and social development of children of working mothers and non-working mothers inGaza. Methodology: The researcher used a stratified random sampling by divided population into two subgroup: the first subgroup consisted of 175 employed women working in primary health care center ofGazawho had children aged 10 to 12 years and another subgroup consisted of nonworking (house wives)mothers . The researcher used the following instrument , soscioeconomic scale and psychosocial development scale. It were constructed by the researcher based on the literature review related to the present study. It aimed to measure the psychosocial development of children. Results The major finding there were no statistically significant difference of social development of children of working mothers in primary health care center of Gaza and children of non- working mothers .There were no statistically significant differences at psychological development as a whole between children of working and non working women at significant level α = 0.05. However, the results found that there were significant differences at significant level (α = 0.05) on the level of emotional, spiritual and moral development separately between children of working and non working women. The result also showed the level of psychological and social development among children of working women in primary health care center and non working women inGaza was high. Also showed there were a statistically significant differences on psychological and social development attributed to (gender of child in faver of female, level of mother educations in faver of university). There were no statistically differences on the psychological and social development attributed to ( age of child, size of family, kind of mother job, monthly income ). Recommendations Media campaigns should be launched to raise the awareness of working women towards reconciling between outwork and family responsibilities demands. Media campaigns should be worked to raise the awareness of society about the importance of women's work in a progress of society. The necessary of working women to take care in psychological development of her children by give her child amount of time for mothering and loving..