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BACKGROUND The sensitivity of teeth with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) can affect children’s quality of life and is a challenging problem for dentists. Remineralizing agents such as sodium fluoride varnish seem to reduce the sensitivity of teeth with MIH, but long-term clinical trials with large samples are still needed for more evidence about its effectiveness as a desensitizing agent before its clinical recommendation. OBJECTIVE This randomized clinical trial aims to compare three treatment interventions for teeth with MIH and hypersensitivity. METHODS A total of 60 children aged 6-10 years presenting with at least one first permanent molar with sensitivity and no loss of enamel will be randomly assigned to three groups: the control group (sodium fluoride varnish; Duraphat, Colgate); experimental group I (4% titanium tetrafluoride varnish); and experimental group II (a coating resin containing surface prereacted glass-ionomer filler; PRG Barrier Coat, Shofu). The sodium fluoride varnish and 4% titanium tetrafluoride varnish will be applied once per week for 4 consecutive weeks and the PRG Barrier Coat resin will be applied in the first session and the application will be simulated the following 3 weeks to guarantee the blinding of the study. The primary outcome will be sensitivity level measured at different moments (before each material application, immediately after application or simulation, and 1, 2, 4, and 6 months after the last application/simulation) by one examiner using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, the Schiff Cold Air Sensitivity Scale, and the FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) scale. As secondary outcomes, parental satisfaction and child self-reported discomfort after the treatment will be measured with a questionnaire prepared by the researcher. The data will undergo statistical analysis and the significance level will be set at 5%. RESULTS The project was funded in 2018, and enrollment was completed in November 2019. The recruitment of participants is currently underway and the first results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2022. CONCLUSIONS If found effective in reducing the patient’s sensitivity long term, these agents can be considered as a treatment choice, and the findings will contribute to the development of a treatment protocol for teeth with sensitivity due to MIH. CLINICALTRIAL Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials Universal Trial Number U1111-1237-6720; https://tinyurl.com/mr4x82k9 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/27843

The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunolocalization of dentin matrix protein (DMP)-1 in human primary teeth treated with different pulp capping materials. Twenty-five primary molars were divided into the following groups: formocresol (FC), calcium hydroxide (CH), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), corticosteroid/antibiotic solution + CH (O + CH), and Portland cement (PC), and all received conventional pulpotomy treatment. The teeth at the regular exfoliation period were extracted for histological analysis and immunolocalization of DMP-1. Statistical analysis was performed using the χ(2) test (p 0.05). Histological analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the comparison among the groups through the use of a score system regarding the presence of hard tissue barrier, odontoblastic layer, and internal resorption, but not regarding pulp calcification. Immunohistochemical analysis showed immunostaining for DMP-1 in groups CH, MTA, O + CH, and PC. Internal resorption was observed in the groups FC and CH. MTA and PC showed pulp repair without inflammation and with the presence of hard tissue barrier. DMP-1 immunostaining was higher for MTA and PC, confirming the reparative and bioinductive capacity of these materials.

Furcal perforations may occur during access opening of the pulp chamber or cavity preparation. The perforation can cause an inflammatory reaction in the periodontal ligament. Management of these iatrogenic accidents can pose a significant clinical challenge, mainly when they occur in primary teeth. Current developments in the techniques and materials utilized for root perforation repair have enhanced this procedure's prognosis. Recently, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been used for several dental purposes. This biocompatible material promotes bone healing and elimination of clinical symptoms. The purpose of this case report was to describe the treatment of a furcal perforation using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in a primary molar tooth. After 20 months, the tooth was asymptomatic. The radiolucent image had disappeared and bone formation at the furcation area had been observed, suggesting healing of the underlying periodontal tissues. Therefore, MTA may be considered an alternative option for the repair of furcal perforation in primary teeth, prolonging the longevity of these dental elements.

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a lesion characterized by non-neoplastic proliferation of endothelial cells, occurring in gingival tissue and representing an excessive reaction of the connective tissue to stimuli or injuries. The purpose of this report was to describe the treatment of an oral pyogenic granuloma, with emphasis on clinical, histopathological, and radiographic aspects. The surgical therapy comprised lesion excision followed by pedicle graft to cover the exposed root surface. The patient's pyogenic granuloma has been under control for a year, and recurrence has not been observed. The permanent teeth erupted correctly and the gingival tissue of both the receptor and donor sites shows a satisfactory clinical appearance.

Traumatic injuries to the teeth and their supporting structures are frequent in children. Among the traumatic injuries, dental avulsion results in the major functional and esthetic disturbances for patients.The present study's aim was to assess the mothers' level of knowledge and attitude concerning dental avulsion.A questionnaire contained 6 objective questions for the assessment of the mothers' knowledge and attitude regarding the management of dental avulsion and emergency procedures.A total of 242 mothers participated in the study. A lack of technical information was observed among the mothers.This study showed the need of a more effective communication between dental professionals and mothers to better handle dental emergencies. Educational campaigns and preventive programs on dental trauma must be organized to improve the emergency management of dental avulsion.

This paper describes the case of a 7-day-old girl who was referred to a paediatric dentistry clinic because of the presence of a pedunculated mass protruding from the front of her mouth.The mass was attached to the maxillary alveolus to the right of the midline, and was clinically diagnosed as a congenital epulis. The baby had no airway obstruction and was able to feed well. A conservative treatment was proposed, with monthly follow-up appointments to monitor the lesion.After 8 months, the lesion had completely regressed, meaning that the girl did not have to be exposed to unnecessary surgical procedures in her first few days of life. The eruption of the upper anterior teeth was not affected.