7 results on '"Thaler, Petra"'
Search Results
2. Untersuchung von 5-HIAA, Neopterin, sICAM-1 und MMP-9 im Verlauf einer psychotherapeutischen Behandlung bei Patienten mit Major Depression
- Author
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Thaler, Petra
- Subjects
FOS: Medical and Health Sciences - Abstract
In zahlreichen Studien wurde ausgehend von einer Beteiligung entzündlicher Prozesse an der Pathogenese depressiver Erkrankungen eine Erhöhung pro-entzündlicher Komponenten des Immunsystems, wie IL-6 und CRP nachgewiesen. Vor allem unter dem Einfluss entzündungsfördernder Zytokine kommt es unter Beteiligung des Tryptophan abbauenden Enzyms Indolamin-2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) zu Verschiebung des Tryptophan- in Richtung des Kynureninstoffwechsels zu Ungunsten der Bildung von Serotonin und dessen Abbauprodukt 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIAA). 5-HIAA gibt indirekt Aufschluss über die Beteiligung des Neurotransmittersystems Serotonin. Neopterin, (soluble) Interzelluläres Adhäsionsmolekül-1 ((s)ICAM-1) und Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) sind gut untersuchte Immunparameter, die an entzündlichen Prozessen beteiligt sind und in zahlreichen Erkrankungen in erhöhter Konzentration nachgewiesen wurden. Die Studienlage ergab für genannte Parameter jeweils kein einheitliches Bild in Bezug auf depressive Erkrankungen. Im Rahmen dieser explorativen Studie wurden aus 3 psychosomatischen Zentren insgesamt 63 Patienten mit Major Depression, die stationär (56 Patienten) oder tagesklinisch (7 Patienten) psychotherapeutisch behandelt wurden, rekrutiert. Wichtige Ausschlusskriterien waren Infektionen und die Einnahme von Psychopharmaka und antientzündlicher Medikation. Es fand eine Untersuchung der Serumspiegel von 5-HIAA, Neopterin, sICAM-1 und MMP-9 unter Einbezug psychometrischer Testverfahren zu Beginn und Ende der psychotherapeutischen Behandlung statt. Die Ergebnisse aller Ratingbögen (BDI, PSS, PSQI, MADRS, HAMD-17) zeigten im Verlauf eine signifikante Verbesserung klinischer Symptomatik. In der Auswertung von BDI, MADRS und HAMD-17 lagen die Mittelwerte der Ergebnisse zu Beginn der Psychotherapie jeweils im unteren Einschätzungsbereich für klinisch relevante beziehungsweise mittelgradig depressive Symptomatik. Vor Entlassung zeigten sich Werte im asymptomatischen Bereich. Für die Untersuchungen aller Serumparameter im Verlauf ergaben sich keine statistisch signifikanten Änderungen. Dies könnte auf die kleine untersuchte Patientenzahl zurückzuführen sein, eventuell lag auch kein ausreichender Schweregrad depressiver Symptomatik vor. Entzündungs- oder neuronale Umbauprozesse spielten möglicherweise eine untergeordnete Rolle oder ließen sich über die untersuchten Serumparameter nicht abbilden. Einschränkend ist auch das Fehlen einer gesunden Kontrollgruppe zu erwähnen. Bei Rekrutierung der Studienteilnehmer aus 3 verhaltenstherapeutisch ausgerichteten psychosomatischen Einrichtungen erfolgte eine orientierende Einteilung des Therapieangebotes in Überbegriffe. In einem linearen Regressionsmodell ergaben sich für die Zielgrößen sICAM-1 in Bezug auf "Achtsamkeit" und MMP-9 in Bezug auf "Physikalische Maßnahmen" statistisch signifikante Ergebnisse. Dies könnte einen Hinweis darauf geben, dass sich mögliche zusätzliche Therapieeffekte über die beiden Immunparameter abbilden lassen. Eine Korrelation nach Spearman zwischen psychometrischen Tests und Serumwerten zeigte zwar keine signifikanten Ergebnisse, jedoch Trends auf eine positive Korrelation (cor=0,24) zwischen MMP-9 und MADRS (p=0,06) und eine negative Korrelation (cor=-0,22) zwischen Neopterin und BDI (p=0,08). Größer angelegte Studien sind erforderlich, um Patienten mit depressiven Erkrankungen möglicherweise auch über Immunparameter besser einordnen und gezielter weiter untersuchen zu können.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Erfahrungen mit Zwangsmaßnahmen und Gewalt
- Author
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Thaler, Petra, primary
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. High prevalence of high risk human papillomavirus-capsid antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive men: a serological study
- Author
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Sarcletti Mario, Thaler Petra, Petter Anton, Höpfl Reinhard, Widschwendter Andreas, and Zangerle Robert
- Subjects
AIDS ,human papillomavirus ,serology ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Serological study of human papillomavirus (HPV)-antibodies in order to estimate the HPV-prevalence as risk factor for the development of HPV-associated malignancies in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men. Methods Sera from 168 HIV-positive men and 330 HIV-negative individuals (including 198 controls) were tested using a direct HPV-ELISA specific to HPV-6, -11, -16, -18, -31 and bovine PV-1 L1-virus-like particles. Serological results were correlated with the presence of HPV-associated lesions, the history of other sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and HIV classification groups. Results In HIV-negative men low risk HPV-antibodies were prevailing and associated with condylomatous warts (25.4%). Strikingly, HIV-positive men were more likely to have antibodies to the high-risk HPV types -16, -18, -31, and low risk antibodies were not increased in a comparable range. Even those HIV-positive heterosexual individuals without any HPV-associated lesions exhibited preferentially antibody responses to the oncogenic HPV-types (cumulative 31.1%). The highest antibody detection rate (88,8%) was observed within the subgroup of nine HIV-positive homosexual men with anogenital warts. Three HIV-positive patients had HPV-associated carcinomas, in all of them HPV-16 antibodies were detected. Drug use and mean CD4-cell counts on the day of serologic testing had no influence on HPV-IgG antibody prevalence, as had prior antiretroviral therapy or clinical category of HIV-disease. Conclusion High risk HPV-antibodies in HIV-infected and homosexual men suggest a continuous exposure to HPV-proteins throughout the course of their HIV infection, reflecting the known increased risk for anogenital malignancies in these populations. The extensive increase of high risk antibodies (compared to low risk antibodies) in HIV-positive patients cannot be explained by differences in exposure history alone, but suggests defects of the immunological control of oncogenic HPV-types. HPV-serology is economic and can detect past or present HPV-infection, independently of an anatomical region. Therefore HPV-serology could help to better understand the natural history of anogenital HPV-infection in HIV-positive men in the era of antiretroviral therapy.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Medijska reprezentacija smrti
- Author
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Erjavec, Karmen and Thaler, Petra
- Abstract
Članek predstavlja sociološko-komunikološko analizo smrti. Njegova izhodiščna predpostavka je, da lahko komunikološke analize medijskih besedil pripomorejo k sociološkim pogledom na smrt. V postmodernih družbah se je razumevanje smrti močno oddaljilo od razumevanja smrti v tradicionalnih družbah. Če so se lahko v tradicionalnih družbah posamezniki v kriznih situacijah zanesli na družbeni sistem, so v postmoderni družbi prepuščeni samim sebi. O smrti se ne govori naglas; pogovori o naravni smrti so se umaknili v zasebnost, javno sfero pa preplavlja medijska reprezentacija smrti. Mediji so prostor, kjer se odvijajo najpomembnejši boji za prevlado določenega pogleda v družbi; tudi boj za prevladujočo interpretacijo smrti. Medijske novice vsakemu posamezniku omogočajo, da si izoblikuje lastno realnost. Diskurz o smrti, ki nam ga posreduje tisk, pa najlažje opišemo z določitvijo specifičnih okvirov, ki v novicah prevladujejo. Analiza slovenskega družinskega tabloida Jana je odkrila dva ključna okvira: "navadne okoliščine smrti nenavadnih ljudi" in "nenavadne okoliščine smrti navadnih ljudi". Znotraj tega okvira je bilo identificiranih več podokvirov ("slabo zdravje", "smrt kot posledica hude nesreča ali umora", "samomor, "skrivnostne smrti", "žalost preživelih", "smrt kot statistični podatek", "smrt kot del življenja" in "naravna smrt proti evtanaziji"). Izpostavljena sta dva manjkajoča okvira: "smrt kot posledica staranja" in "smrt pripadnikov marginalnih skupin". Analiza okvira je skupaj z analizo izbire besed pokazala, da daje Jana prednost naravni smrti, spremembe v družbi pa ta tabloid silijo, da poleg dveh med seboj tekmujočih diskurzov, tj. katoliškega in znanstvenega, vključuje tudi novodobniškega: reinkarnacijo. This article introduces sociological and media analyses of death. It is base on the assumption that analyses of texts in the media can contribute to the sociological understanding of death. The understanding of death is quite different in post-modern societies than in traditional ones, where individuals can rely on the social system in cases of marginal situations while in post-modern societies they have to rely on themselves. Nowadays, talk about the natural is pushed into the private sphere, while the public sphere is flooded with media representations of death. The media discourse on death can be grasped through an identification and description of specific frame which are prevalent in the news, as well as through the style of framing the issue of death. The analysis of the Slovenian family tabloid magazine Jana identifies two consistent and repetitive frames regarding death: "ordinary circumstances of the deaths of extraordinary people" and "extraordinary circumstances of the deaths of ordinary people" with eight main sub-frames among the latter. Two missing frames were found: "death as a product of aging" and "death of the members of marginal groups". The framing analysis combined with the analysis of lexical choice reveals that the magazine views natural death as a norm. Changes in society have forced the magazine to include the beliefs of those described as New Age (reincarnation) among the competing discourses (Catholic and scientific).
- Published
- 2006
6. High prevalence of high risk human papillomavirus-capsid antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive men: a serological study
- Author
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Höpfl, Reinhard, primary, Petter, Anton, additional, Thaler, Petra, additional, Sarcletti, Mario, additional, Widschwendter, Andreas, additional, and Zangerle, Robert, additional
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. High prevalence of high risk human papillomavirus-capsid antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive men: a serological study.
- Author
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Höfl, Reinhard, Petter, Anton, Thaler, Petra, Sarcletti, Mario, Widschwendter, Andreas, and Zangerle, Robert
- Subjects
PAPILLOMAVIRUSES ,IMMUNOGLOBULINS ,HIV-positive men ,HIV infections ,SEROLOGY - Abstract
Background: Serological study of human papillomavirus (HPV)-antibodies in order to estimate the HPV-prevalence as risk factor for the development of HPV-associated malignancies in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men. Methods: Sera from 168 HIV-positive men and 330 HIV-negative individuals (including 198 controls) were tested using a direct HPV-ELISA specific to HPV-6, -11, -16, -18, -31 and bovine PV-1 L1-virus-like particles. Serological results were correlated with the presence of HPV-associated lesions, the history of other sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and HIV classification groups. Results: In HIV-negative men low risk HPV-antibodies were prevailing and associated with condylomatous warts (25.4%). Strikingly, HIV-positive men were more likely to have antibodies to the high-risk HPV types -16, -18, -31, and low risk antibodies were not increased in a comparable range. Even those HIV-positive heterosexual individuals without any HPV-associated lesions exhibited preferentially antibody responses to the oncogenic HPV-types (cumulative 31.1%). The highest antibody detection rate (88,8%) was observed within the subgroup of nine HIV-positive homosexual men with anogenital warts. Three HIV-positive patients had HPV-associated carcinomas, in all of them HPV-16 antibodies were detected. Drug use and mean CD4-cell counts on the day of serologic testing had no influence on HPV-IgG antibody prevalence, as had prior antiretroviral therapy or clinical category of HIV-disease. Conclusion: High risk HPV-antibodies in HIV-infected and homosexual men suggest a continuous exposure to HPV-proteins throughout the course of their HIV infection, reflecting the known increased risk for anogenital malignancies in these populations. The extensive increase of high risk antibodies (compared to low risk antibodies) in HIV-positive patients cannot be explained by differences in exposure history alone, but suggests defects of the immunological control of oncogenic HPV-types. HPV-serology is economic and can detect past or present HPV-infection, independently of an anatomical region. Therefore HPV-serology could help to better understand the natural history of anogenital HPV-infection in HIV-positive men in the era of antiretroviral therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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