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212 results on '"Thambidurai, S."'

26. Role of Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Functional Assessment of Transplant Kidneys at 3-Tesla MRI

Author

Thambidurai S., Venkatesh Kasi Arunachalam, Rupa R., and Sriman R.

Subjects
diffusion tensor imaging, functional assessment, transplant kidneys, Internal medicine, RC31-1245, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Objectives The main purpose of this article is to measure the fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of cortex and medulla of renal allograft using 3-Tesla diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in renal transplant patients with normal and graft dysfunction and to assess the correlation between diffusion tensor parameters (ADC and FA) and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) value. Materials and Methods Fifty renal transplant recipients who received either living or cadaveric renal allografts were included in the study. Blood samples for serum creatinine and eGFR value were taken on the same day prior to the magnetic resonance study and the patients were assigned to three groups (A, B, C) according to allograft function (eGFR levels). The mean ADC and FA values of the cortex/medulla in upper, mid, and lower poles were calculated from the DTI sequence. Statistical analysis was performed using paired sample Student’s t-test and one-way analysis of variance test. Results The mean ADC values of the cortex were higher than the medulla that was statistically significant. However, the mean FA values were significantly higher in the medulla than the cortex. Mean ADCs and FA of the renal cortex and medulla were significantly higher in group A patients with normal renal function than in group B and C with poor renal functions. The corticomedullary difference in the FA values was more in group A. However, this difference was lower in group B and more so in group C. Conclusion ADC and FA values in the renal cortex and medulla exhibit a good correlation with allograft function and were significantly lower in transplants with dysfunction than those with good function. FA values appear to be more sensitive than eGFR and ADC for detection of early pathological changes in the graft dysfunction.

Published
2020
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46. The role of third-generation dual-source dual-energy computed tomography in characterizing the composition of renal stones with infrared spectroscopy as the reference standard

Author

Shalini, Shweta, Arunachalam, Venkatesh Kasi, Varatharajaperumal, Rajesh Kumar, Mehta, Pankaj, Thambidurai, S., and Cherian, Mathew

Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, third-generation, calcium stones, DECT, urologic and male genital diseases, infrared spectroscopy, uric acid stones
Abstract

Purpose: The aim of our study was to prospectively evaluate the role of third-generation, dual-source, dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in the characterization of renal calculi, with ex vivo renal stone evaluation using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (IS) as the reference standard. Material and methods: In our study 50 patients with history suggestive of renal calculi were subjected to DECT using 100 kVp and Sn150 kVp. With DECT, renal stone attenuation at low and high kVp was attained, and the attenuation ratios were measured. The result of DECT was compared with IS to identify the chemical composition of the extracted renal stones. IBM SPSS version 22 was used for statistical analysis. Results: In our study, the mean attenuation ratio of the renal stone was 1.57 ± 0.25. Out of 50 patients, the stones of 39 patients were predicted as calcium-containing stones, in 4 patients as cystine stones, and in 7 as uric acid stones on DECT. In IS analysis, 43 patients had calcium-containing stones, and 7 patients had uric acid stones. The accuracy rate of DECT for detecting calcium and uric acid stones in our study were 90% and 100%, respectively. The positive predictive value for the DECT to assess the chemical composition of renal calculi was found to be 92%. Conclusions: Third-generation DECT scan had 100% accuracy in differentiating uric acid stones from non-uric acid stones in our study. Because the treatment is different for different chemical compositions of stones, identification of specific chemical components is very important, and it can be accurately done by DECT.

Published
2021

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