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Even though the combined use of ultrasound (US) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is recommended for the surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the utilization of AFP has its challenges, including accuracy dependent on its cut-off levels, degree of liver necroinflammation, and etiology of liver disease. Though various studies have demonstrated the utility of protein induced by vitamin K absence II (PIVKA-II) in surveillance, treatment monitoring, and predicting recurrence, it is still not recommended as a routine biomarker test. A panel of 17 experts from Asia-Pacific, gathered to discuss and reach a consensus on the clinical usefulness and value of PIVKA-II for the surveillance and treatment monitoring of HCC, based on six predetermined statements. The experts agreed that PIVKA-II was valuable in the detection of HCC in AFP-negative patients, and could potentially benefit detection of early HCC in combination with AFP. PIVKA-II is clinically useful for monitoring curative and intra-arterial locoregional treatments, outcomes, and recurrence, and could potentially predict microvascular invasion risk and facilitate patient selection for liver transplant. However, combining PIVKA-II with US and AFP for HCC surveillance, including small HCC, still requires more evidence, whilst its role in detecting AFP-negative HCC will potentially increase as more patients are treated for hepatitis-related HCC. PIVKA-II in combination with AFP and US has a clinical role in the Asia-Pacific region for surveillance. However, implementation of PIVKA-II in the region will have some challenges, such as requiring standardization of cut-off values, its cost-effectiveness and improving awareness among healthcare providers.

This study investigates the current status of transformational, transactional, and laissezfaire leadership styles in the Executive Committee of the Vinh Phuc Provincial Public Employees' Union. Cluster sampling and questionnaires were used. A total of 194 subjects agreed to participate in a survey by completing a leadership-style questionnaire. The surveyed subjects include some members of the Party Committees of the provincial agencies, members of the Labor Confederation, the Provincial Union of Employees, and 77 affiliated grassroots trade unions. The research results show that the dominant leadership style of the Executive Committee of the Vinh Phuc Provincial Employees' Union is a transformational style, with work motivation, encouragement, and inspiration in order to increase efforts as well. As with the employee's commitment to work, the transactional leadership style is rarely used because the reward mechanism does not become a priority for the Union Executive Committee. The laissezfaire leadership style is almost absent, officials are not completely self-determined, but selfdetermination is based on democratic principles. There is a statistically significant positive correlation between transformational leadership style and transactional leadership style, but the laissez-faire leadership style correlation with other leadership styles is not statistically significant.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the current status of facility management in preschools in Tan Binh district based on the educational management process. Research problems in public preschools in Tan Binh district. Research results have shown that planning in preschools, even those that do not meet standards, has positive results, but the results gradually decrease in activities such as organization, implementation, direction, and inspection, the assessment of managers is more limited, especially in schools that do not meet the standards, whose results are lower than that of schools that have met the standards. This study also contributes to providing an understanding of the current state of facility management in preschools in Tan Binh district and can provide a practical basis for managers in preschools to improve better results of facilities management in preschools in Tan Binh district in the future.

The capacity of leadership thinking amongst a number of strategic leaders in our country still has certain limitations. The practice of leadership as well as orientations to 2030 and to 2045 with Vietnam being a developed country require leaders at all levels, especially at the strategic level, to develop their leadership thinking. Based on the instructions on leadership thinking according to Lenin's thought, the purpose of this study is to provide some guidelines with regard to training leadership thinking amongst strategic leaders for better performing their assigned roles, tasks, and responsibilities. The study mainly uses qualitative analysis methods with available data sources, from which to synthesize, generalize, then make judgments and propose measures to train leadership thinking. The research findings have shown Lenin's thoughts on leadership thinking, the current situation of leadership thinking of leaders, and on that basis, proposing solutions to train strategic leadership thinking.

Objectives: The transformational leadership style is accepted as suitable for leading administrative agencies to achieve outstanding results and help organizations cope with challenges. Besides, leadership thinking is also considered to have a very important role in leadership performance in administrative agencies. Therefore, the main objective of the study is to explore the relationship between transformational leadership style and leader thinking to organization's performance. Methods: The article focuses on explaining the views on transformational leadership style, healthy thinking, and the relationship between transformational leadership style and leadership thinking, and at the same time points out the current status of transformational leadership style, transformational leadership, leadership thinking as well as this relationship in practice among the leaders of provincial agencies in Vietnam. Descriptive, inductive, deductive, synthetic, and quantitative statistical methods were applied to interpret the results. Findings: Research results show that transformational leadership style, leadership thinking in the team of leaders of provincial agencies is quite average, there is a strong positive correlation between transformational leadership style. In contrast to leadership thinking, a more transformative leadership style means that it requires an innovative leadership thinking. Novelty: The results achieved when applying a transformational leadership style are quite closely related to the application of leadership thinking to solve leadership challenges. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01307 Full Text: PDF

For the first time, the expansion grade of graphite was studied through the effect of the flake size. The result shown the larger flake size exhibits a higher expansion grade. In addition, the more expanded material, the higher specific surface area can be obtained. The synthesized expanded graphites were used for the adsorption of methylene blue. The expanded graphite with the highest expansion grade displayed the highest adsorption capacity due to its specific surface area.

Digital transformation is in a period of strong development, playing an important role in the development of public and private organizations. Its implications are still being clarified. However, up to now, the category of digital transformation has many different conceptions. Therefore, the objective of the paper contributes to the interpretation and discovery of the perception of digital transformation, the cognitive development of digital transformation, the positive aspects of the digital transformation process, the achievements achieved, the urgency of the digital transformation before the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and challenges and limitations in the initiative of the contingent of civil servants and leaders in the digital transformation process. The research method is mainly based on the available documents from journals, books, research works, and the views of the authors expressed on the websites as a basis for making the analysis evaluate. The discoveries in the research will contribute to building the theoretical basis and direction in making some suggestions for leaders. In practical terms, research has shown that digital transformation can be a challenge, but perceive and prepare for leadership thinking innovation that drives successful digital transformation across countries, especially emerging countries is essential. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-SPER-03 Full Text: PDF

The main objective of the article is to examine the leadership style through a number of analyses, evaluations and researches from available sources, in order to discover suggested facts related to leadership activities through the prisms of servant leadership theory. So far, many leadership theories have been developed, proposing different leadership styles. One of the most discussed leadership styles is the servant leadership, which implies that a person must be human first, leader second. Every leader must whole heartedly serves an organization to which he/she belongs. This is both an honor and a great responsibility for the leader. The main methods used in the article are analysis, synthesis, evaluation based on literature review. The article aims to point out the outstanding strengths of the servant leadership style that a leader needs. The article focuses on specifying the strengths in servant leadership that leaders need in the current context of ever changing world, and hence, proposes guidelines for leaders to learn and practice so that they can better serve their public organizations. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01273 Full Text: PDF

Quintessence in ruling the nationis the typical features, becoming the culture and traditions of the nation, converging in the spirit, ideology, and personalities of a leader. The State governance by wisdom in Vietnamese history is associated with the consistency in ideology and people-based actions; putting national interests above personal interests; gracious, tolerant attitudes; promoting the spirit of great national solidarity; taking great importance to study ethics, taking significant advantage towards gifted people and practicing democracy widely. In order to practice the state governance by wisdom, the leaders need to put the national interests and national interests as the ultimate, constantly consolidating and promoting the strength of the great national solidarity, at the same time promoting the roles of the leader as well as well performing the work of cadres.

Training and developing critical thinking for students is one of the important tasks in developing high-order thinking abilities for students of every school, at all levels in the world. especially high school students, so that students can participate in labor activities or continue to study to a higher educational level after graduating from high school. The purpose of the article clarifies the content and role of critical thinking, on which basis proposes a number of measures to contribute to improving the capacity of critical thinking for high school students in our country in the past. Overall school education program renewal scene. Qualitative research methods are used throughout the research process, on that basis proposes a number of measures to improve the capacity of critical thinking for high school students in our country under the context of innovative high school education programs in overall.

In the languages, the occur of words are indicated about meaning of contents in text. Generative models for text, such as the topic model, have the potential to make important contributions to the statistical analysis of large document collections, and the development of a deeper understanding of human language learning and processing. In this paper, we proposed a novel method for building Vietnamese topic model based on core terms and conditional probability. With this approach, we reduced cost of time for building corpus. After that, we perform with Vietnamese text classification and the experimental show that, this corpus will help text classification system really effectively than traditional methods, higher accuracy and reduced complex data processing.

In the early 1990s following the decollectivization of agriculture, the Vietnamese government distributed forest land-use rights to individual households. The new forestland policy had three related objectives: (i) the introduction of a sedentary livelihood system for those populations who had traditionally relied on shifting cultivation and regular migration; (ii) the development of the village economy through tree plantations; and (iii) the protection of forest resources. In this paper, we discuss the changes in land use that resulted from the new forestland policy and the effectiveness of the policy in achieving each of its three objectives. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.