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2. Rare X-linked variants carry predominantly male risk in autism, Tourette syndrome, and ADHD.

Author

Drury, Vanessa, Drake, Sam, Sun, Nawei, Alkhairo, Hasan, Arbelaez, Juan, Duhn, Clif, Bal, Vanessa, Langley, Kate, Martin, Joanna, Hoekstra, Pieter, Dietrich, Andrea, Xing, Jinchuan, Heiman, Gary, Tischfield, Jay, Fernandez, Thomas, Owen, Michael, ODonovan, Michael, Thapar, Anita, State, Matthew, Wang, Sheng, Willsey, Arthur, and Wang, Belinda

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Tourette Syndrome, Autistic Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Tourette syndrome (TS), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) display strong male sex bias, due to a combination of genetic and biological factors, as well as selective ascertainment. While the hemizygous nature of chromosome X (Chr X) in males has long been postulated as a key point of male vulnerability, rare genetic variation on this chromosome has not been systematically characterized in large-scale whole exome sequencing studies of idiopathic ASD, TS, and ADHD. Here, we take advantage of informative recombinations in simplex ASD families to pinpoint risk-enriched regions on Chr X, within which rare maternally-inherited damaging variants carry substantial risk in males with ASD. We then apply a modified transmission disequilibrium test to 13,052 ASD probands and identify a novel high confidence ASD risk gene at exome-wide significance (MAGEC3). Finally, we observe that rare damaging variants within these risk regions carry similar effect sizes in males with TS or ADHD, further clarifying genetic mechanisms underlying male vulnerability in multiple neurodevelopmental disorders that can be exploited for systematic gene discovery.

Published
2023

5. Rare X-linked variants carry predominantly male risk in autism, Tourette syndrome, and ADHD

Author

Wang, Sheng, Wang, Belinda, Drury, Vanessa, Drake, Sam, Sun, Nawei, Alkhairo, Hasan, Arbelaez, Juan, Duhn, Clif, Bal, Vanessa H., Langley, Kate, Martin, Joanna, Hoekstra, Pieter J., Dietrich, Andrea, Xing, Jinchuan, Heiman, Gary A., Tischfield, Jay A., Fernandez, Thomas V., Owen, Michael J., O’Donovan, Michael C., Thapar, Anita, State, Matthew W., and Willsey, A. Jeremy

Published
2023
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8. The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder

Author

Faraone, Stephen V, Banaschewski, Tobias, Coghill, David, Zheng, Yi, Biederman, Joseph, Bellgrove, Mark A, Newcorn, Jeffrey H, Gignac, Martin, Al Saud, Nouf M, Manor, Iris, Rohde, Luis Augusto, Yang, Li, Cortese, Samuele, Almagor, Doron, Stein, Mark A, Albatti, Turki H, Aljoudi, Haya F, Alqahtani, Mohammed MJ, Asherson, Philip, Atwoli, Lukoye, Bölte, Sven, Buitelaar, Jan K, Crunelle, Cleo L, Daley, David, Dalsgaard, Søren, Döpfner, Manfred, Espinet, Stacey, Fitzgerald, Michael, Franke, Barbara, Gerlach, Manfred, Haavik, Jan, Hartman, Catharina A, Hartung, Cynthia M, Hinshaw, Stephen P, Hoekstra, Pieter J, Hollis, Chris, Kollins, Scott H, Kooij, JJ Sandra, Kuntsi, Jonna, Larsson, Henrik, Li, Tingyu, Liu, Jing, Merzon, Eugene, Mattingly, Gregory, Mattos, Paulo, McCarthy, Suzanne, Mikami, Amori Yee, Molina, Brooke SG, Nigg, Joel T, Purper-Ouakil, Diane, Omigbodun, Olayinka O, Polanczyk, Guilherme V, Pollak, Yehuda, Poulton, Alison S, Rajkumar, Ravi Philip, Reding, Andrew, Reif, Andreas, Rubia, Katya, Rucklidge, Julia, Romanos, Marcel, Ramos-Quiroga, J Antoni, Schellekens, Arnt, Scheres, Anouk, Schoeman, Renata, Schweitzer, Julie B, Shah, Henal, Solanto, Mary V, Sonuga-Barke, Edmund, Soutullo, César, Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph, Swanson, James M, Thapar, Anita, Tripp, Gail, van de Glind, Geurt, van den Brink, Wim, Van der Oord, Saskia, Venter, Andre, Vitiello, Benedetto, Walitza, Susanne, and Wang, Yufeng

Subjects
Epidemiology, Health Sciences, Behavioral and Social Science, Comparative Effectiveness Research, Brain Disorders, Mental Illness, Mental Health, Pediatric, Clinical Research, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Humans, Network Meta-Analysis, Publication Bias, ADHD, Diagnosis, Treatment, Course, Outcome, Genetics, Brain, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Behavioral Science & Comparative Psychology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundMisconceptions about ADHD stigmatize affected people, reduce credibility of providers, and prevent/delay treatment. To challenge misconceptions, we curated findings with strong evidence base.MethodsWe reviewed studies with more than 2000 participants or meta-analyses from five or more studies or 2000 or more participants. We excluded meta-analyses that did not assess publication bias, except for meta-analyses of prevalence. For network meta-analyses we required comparison adjusted funnel plots. We excluded treatment studies with waiting-list or treatment as usual controls. From this literature, we extracted evidence-based assertions about the disorder.ResultsWe generated 208 empirically supported statements about ADHD. The status of the included statements as empirically supported is approved by 80 authors from 27 countries and 6 continents. The contents of the manuscript are endorsed by 366 people who have read this document and agree with its contents.ConclusionsMany findings in ADHD are supported by meta-analysis. These allow for firm statements about the nature, course, outcome causes, and treatments for disorders that are useful for reducing misconceptions and stigma.

Published
2021

9. Association between relative age at school and persistence of ADHD in prospective studies: an individual participant data meta-analysis

Author

Gosling, Corentin J, Caparos, Serge, Pinabiaux, Charlotte, Schwarzer, Guido, Rücker, Gerta, Agha, Sharifah S, Alrouh, Hekmat, Ambler, Antony, Anderson, Peter, Andiarena, Ainara, Arnold, L Eugene, Arseneault, Louise, Asherson, Philip, Babinski, Leslie, Barbati, Vittoria, Barkley, Russel, Barros, Aluisio J D, Barros, Fernando, Bates, John E, Bell, Laura J, Berenguer, Carmen, van Bergen, Elsje, Biederman, Joseph, Birmaher, Boris, B⊘e, Tormod, Boomsma, Dorret I, Brandt, Valerie C, Bressan, Rodrigo A, Brocki, Karin, Broughton, Thomas R, Bufferd, Sara J, Bussing, Regina, Cao, Meng, Cartigny, Ariane, Casas, Ana Miranda, Caspi, Avshalom, Castellanos, F Xavier, Caye, Arthur, Cederkvist, Luise, Collishaw, Stephan, Copeland, William E, Cote, Sylvana M, Coventry, William L, Debes, Nanette M.M. Mol, Denyer, Hayley, Dodge, Kenneth A, Dogru, Hicran, Efron, Daryl, Eller, Jami, Abd Elmaksoud, Marwa, Ercan, Eyup Sabri, Faraone, Stephen V, Fenesy, Michelle, Fernández, Mariana F, Fernández-Somoano, Ana, Findling, Robert, Fombonne, Eric, Fossum, Ingrid N, Freire, Carmen, Friedman, Naomi P, Fristad, Mary A, Galera, Cedric, Garcia-Argibay, Miguel, Garvan, Cynthia S, González-Safont, Llúcia, Groenman, Annabeth P, Guxens, Mònica, Halperin, Jeffrey M, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hartman, Catharina A, Hill, Shirley Y, Hinshaw, Stephen P, Hipwell, Alison, Hokkanen, Laura, Holz, Nathalie, Íñiguez, Carmen, Jahrami, Haitham A, Jansen, Pauline W, Jónsdóttir, Lilja K, Julvez, Jordi, Kaiser, Anna, Keenan, Kate, Klein, Daniel N, Klein, Rachel G, Kuntsi, Jonna, Langfus, Joshua, Langley, Kate, Lansford, Jennifer E, Larsen, Sally A, Larsson, Henrik, Law, Evelyn, Lee, Steve S, Lertxundi, Nerea, Li, Xiaobo, Li, Yueling, Lichtenstein, Paul, Liu, Jianghong, Lundervold, Astri J, Lundström, Sebastian, Marks, David J, Martin, Joanna, Masi, Gabriele, Matijasevich, Alicia, Melchior, Maria, Moffitt, Terrie E, Monninger, Maximilian, Morrison, Claire L, Mulraney, Melissa, Muratori, Pietro, Nguyen, Phuc T, Nicholson, Jan M, Øie, Merete Glenne, O'Neill, Sarah, O'Connor, Cliodhna, Orri, Massimiliano, Pan, Pedro M, Pascoe, Leona, Pettit, Gregory S, Price, Jolie, Rebagliato, Marisa, Riaño-Galán, Isolina, Rohde, Luis A, Roisman, Glenn I, Rosa, Maria, Rosenbaum, Jerrold F, Salum, Giovanni A, Sammallahti, Sara, Santos, Ina S, Schiavone, Nella S, Schmid, Lorrie, Sciberras, Emma, Shaw, Philip, Silk, Tim J, Simpson, Jeffry A, Skogli, Erik W, Stepp, Stephanie, Strandberg-Larsen, Katrine, Sudre, Gustavo, Sunyer, Jordi, Tandon, Mini, Thapar, Anita, Thomson, Phoebe, Thorell, Lisa B, Tinchant, Hannah, Torrent, Maties, Tovo-Rodrigues, Luciana, Tripp, Gail, Ukoumunne, Obioha, Van Goozen, Stephanie HM, Vos, Melissa, Wallez, Solène, Wang, Yufeng, Westermaier, Franz G, Whalen, Diana J, Yoncheva, Yuliya, Youngstrom, Eric A, Sayal, Kapil, Solmi, Marco, Delorme, Richard, and Cortese, Samuele

Published
2023
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12. Genetic Advances in Autism

Author

Thapar, Anita and Rutter, Michael

Abstract

In the last 40 years, there has been a huge increase in autism genetics research and a rapidly growing number of discoveries. We now know autism is one of the most highly heritable disorders with negligible shared environmental contributions. Recent discoveries also show that rare variants of large effect size as well as small effect common gene variants all contribute to autism risk. These discoveries challenge traditional diagnostic boundaries and highlight huge heterogeneity in autism. In this review, we consider some of the key findings that are shaping current understanding of autism and what these discoveries mean for clinicians.

Published
2021
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15. Genetics of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Author

Langley, Kate, Martin, Joanna, Thapar, Anita, Geyer, Mark A., Series Editor, Marsden, Charles A., Series Editor, Ellenbroek, Bart A., Series Editor, Barnes, Thomas R.E., Series Editor, Andersen, Susan L., Series Editor, Paulus, Martin P., Series Editor, Stanford, S Clare, editor, and Sciberras, Emma, editor

Published
2022
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17. Irritability in Youths: A Critical Integrative Review

Author

Leibenluft, Ellen, primary, Allen, Laura E., additional, Althoff, Robert R., additional, Brotman, Melissa A., additional, Burke, Jeffrey D., additional, Carlson, Gabrielle A., additional, Dickstein, Daniel P., additional, Dougherty, Lea R., additional, Evans, Spencer C., additional, Kircanski, Katharina, additional, Klein, Daniel N., additional, Malone, Eleanor P., additional, Mazefsky, Carla A., additional, Nigg, Joel, additional, Perlman, Susan B., additional, Pine, Daniel S., additional, Roy, Amy Krain, additional, Salum, Giovanni A., additional, Shakeshaft, Amy, additional, Silver, Jamilah, additional, Stoddard, Joel, additional, Thapar, Anita, additional, Tseng, Wan-Ling, additional, Vidal-Ribas, Pablo, additional, Wakschlag, Lauren S., additional, and Stringaris, Argyris, additional

Published
2024
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20. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms as antecedents of later psychotic outcomes in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

Author

Niarchou, Maria, Chawner, Samuel JRA, Fiksinski, Ania, Vorstman, Jacob AS, Maeder, Johanna, Schneider, Maude, Eliez, Stephan, Armando, Marco, Pontillo, Maria, Vicari, Stefano, McDonald-McGinn, Donna M, Emanuel, Beverly S, Zackai, Elaine H, Bearden, Carrie E, Shashi, Vandana, Hooper, Stephen R, Owen, Michael J, Gur, Raquel E, Wray, Naomi R, van den Bree, Marianne BM, Thapar, Anita, and Consortium, International 22q11 2 Deletion Syndrome Brain and Behavior

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Pediatric, Mental Health, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Clinical Research, Brain Disorders, Behavioral and Social Science, Prevention, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Congenital, Mental health, Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, DiGeorge Syndrome, Disease Progression, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Psychotic Disorders, ADHD, 22q11.2DS, Psychotic symptoms, Inattention, International 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Brain and Behavior Consortium, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences
Abstract

Individuals with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS) are at substantially heightened risk for psychosis. Thus, prevention and early intervention strategies that target the antecedents of psychosis in this high-risk group are a clinical priority. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in children with 22q11.2DS, particularly the inattentive subtype. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that ADHD inattention symptoms predict later psychotic symptoms and/or psychotic disorder in those with 22q11.2DS. 250 children and adolescents with 22q11.2DS without psychotic symptoms at baseline took part in a longitudinal study. Assessments were performed using well-validated structured diagnostic instruments at two time points (T1 (mean age = 11.2, SD = 3.1) and T2 (mean age = 14.3, SD = 3.6)). Inattention symptoms at T1 were associated with development of psychotic symptoms at T2 (OR:1.2, p = 0.01) but weak associations were found with development of psychotic disorder (OR:1.2, p = 0.15). ADHD diagnosis at T1 was strongly associated with development of psychotic symptoms at T2 (OR:4.5, p

Published
2019

21. Discovery of the first genome-wide significant risk loci for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Author

Demontis, Ditte, Walters, Raymond K, Martin, Joanna, Mattheisen, Manuel, Als, Thomas D, Agerbo, Esben, Baldursson, Gísli, Belliveau, Rich, Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Cerrato, Felecia, Chambert, Kimberly, Churchhouse, Claire, Dumont, Ashley, Eriksson, Nicholas, Gandal, Michael, Goldstein, Jacqueline I, Grasby, Katrina L, Grove, Jakob, Gudmundsson, Olafur O, Hansen, Christine S, Hauberg, Mads Engel, Hollegaard, Mads V, Howrigan, Daniel P, Huang, Hailiang, Maller, Julian B, Martin, Alicia R, Martin, Nicholas G, Moran, Jennifer, Pallesen, Jonatan, Palmer, Duncan S, Pedersen, Carsten Bøcker, Pedersen, Marianne Giørtz, Poterba, Timothy, Poulsen, Jesper Buchhave, Ripke, Stephan, Robinson, Elise B, Satterstrom, F Kyle, Stefansson, Hreinn, Stevens, Christine, Turley, Patrick, Walters, G Bragi, Won, Hyejung, Wright, Margaret J, ADHD Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC), Early Lifecourse & Genetic Epidemiology (EAGLE) Consortium, 23andMe Research Team, Andreassen, Ole A, Asherson, Philip, Burton, Christie L, Boomsma, Dorret I, Cormand, Bru, Dalsgaard, Søren, Franke, Barbara, Gelernter, Joel, Geschwind, Daniel, Hakonarson, Hakon, Haavik, Jan, Kranzler, Henry R, Kuntsi, Jonna, Langley, Kate, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, Middeldorp, Christel, Reif, Andreas, Rohde, Luis Augusto, Roussos, Panos, Schachar, Russell, Sklar, Pamela, Sonuga-Barke, Edmund JS, Sullivan, Patrick F, Thapar, Anita, Tung, Joyce Y, Waldman, Irwin D, Medland, Sarah E, Stefansson, Kari, Nordentoft, Merete, Hougaard, David M, Werge, Thomas, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, Preben Bo, Daly, Mark J, Faraone, Stephen V, Børglum, Anders D, and Neale, Benjamin M

Subjects
ADHD Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Early Lifecourse & Genetic Epidemiology (EAGLE) Consortium, 23andMe Research Team, Brain, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Risk, Cohort Studies, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Gene Expression Regulation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetic Loci, Clinical Research, Mental Health, Human Genome, Pediatric, Prevention, Genetics, Brain Disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Behavioral and Social Science, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Mental health, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable childhood behavioral disorder affecting 5% of children and 2.5% of adults. Common genetic variants contribute substantially to ADHD susceptibility, but no variants have been robustly associated with ADHD. We report a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 20,183 individuals diagnosed with ADHD and 35,191 controls that identifies variants surpassing genome-wide significance in 12 independent loci, finding important new information about the underlying biology of ADHD. Associations are enriched in evolutionarily constrained genomic regions and loss-of-function intolerant genes and around brain-expressed regulatory marks. Analyses of three replication studies: a cohort of individuals diagnosed with ADHD, a self-reported ADHD sample and a meta-analysis of quantitative measures of ADHD symptoms in the population, support these findings while highlighting study-specific differences on genetic overlap with educational attainment. Strong concordance with GWAS of quantitative population measures of ADHD symptoms supports that clinical diagnosis of ADHD is an extreme expression of continuous heritable traits.

Published
2019

23. Genetic Advances in Autism

Author

Thapar, Anita and Rutter, Michael

Subjects
Pervasive developmental disorders -- Diagnosis -- Genetic aspects -- Risk factors, Health
Abstract

In the last 40 years, there has been a huge increase in autism genetics research and a rapidly growing number of discoveries. We now know autism is one of the most highly heritable disorders with negligible shared environmental contributions. Recent discoveries also show that rare variants of large effect size as well as small effect common gene variants all contribute to autism risk. These discoveries challenge traditional diagnostic boundaries and highlight huge heterogeneity in autism. In this review, we consider some of the key findings that are shaping current understanding of autism and what these discoveries mean for clinicians., Author(s): Anita Thapar [sup.1] , Michael Rutter [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.5600.3, 0000 0001 0807 5670, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and [...]

Published
2021
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26. Practitioner Review: Clinical utility of the QbTest for the assessment and diagnosis of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder – a systematic review and meta‐analysis.

Author

Bellato, Alessio, Hall, Charlotte L., Groom, Madeleine J., Simonoff, Emily, Thapar, Anita, Hollis, Chris, and Cortese, Samuele

Subjects
MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder, RECEIVER operating characteristic curves, RESEARCH funding, RESEARCH methodology evaluation, DECISION making in clinical medicine, META-analysis, CLASSIFICATION of mental disorders, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, SYSTEMATIC reviews, MEDLINE, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests, COMPUTER-aided diagnosis, ONLINE information services, QUALITY assurance, CONFIDENCE intervals, SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics), PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems, MEDICAL triage, EVALUATION
Abstract

Background: Several computerised cognitive tests (e.g. continuous performance test) have been developed to support the clinical assessment of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here, we appraised the evidence‐base underpinning the use of one of these tests – the QbTest – in clinical practice, by conducting a systematic review and meta‐analysis investigating its accuracy and clinical utility. Methods: Based on a preregistered protocol (CRD42022377671), we searched PubMed, Medline, Ovid Embase, APA PsycINFO and Web of Science on 15th August 2022, with no language/type of document restrictions. We included studies reporting accuracy measures (e.g. sensitivity, specificity, or Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve, AUC) for QbTest in discriminating between people with and without DSM/ICD ADHD diagnosis. Risk of bias was assessed with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool (QUADAS‐2). A generic inverse variance meta‐analysis was conducted on AUC scores. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were calculated using a random‐effects bivariate model in R. Results: We included 15 studies (2,058 participants; 48.6% with ADHD). QbTest Total scores showed acceptable, rather than good, sensitivity (0.78 [95% confidence interval: 0.69; 0.85]) and specificity (0.70 [0.57; 0.81]), while subscales showed low‐to‐moderate sensitivity (ranging from 0.48 [0.35; 0.61] to 0.65 [0.52; 0.75]) and moderate‐to‐good specificity (from 0.65 [0.48; 0.78] to 0.83 [0.60; 0.94]). Pooled AUC scores suggested moderate‐to‐acceptable discriminative ability (Q‐Total: 0.72 [0.57; 0.87]; Q‐Activity: 0.67 [0.58; 0.77); Q‐Inattention: 0.66 [0.59; 0.72]; Q‐Impulsivity: 0.59 [0.53; 0.64]). Conclusions: When used on their own, QbTest scores available to clinicians are not sufficiently accurate in discriminating between ADHD and non‐ADHD clinical cases. Therefore, the QbTest should not be used as stand‐alone screening or diagnostic tool, or as a triage system for accepting individuals on the waiting‐list for clinical services. However, when used as an adjunct to support a full clinical assessment, QbTest can produce efficiencies in the assessment pathway and reduce the time to diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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30. The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder

Author

Faraone, Stephen V., Banaschewski, Tobias, Coghill, David, Zheng, Yi, Biederman, Joseph, Bellgrove, Mark A., Newcorn, Jeffrey H., Gignac, Martin, Al Saud, Nouf M., Manor, Iris, Rohde, Luis Augusto, Yang, Li, Cortese, Samuele, Almagor, Doron, Stein, Mark A., Albatti, Turki H., Aljoudi, Haya F., Alqahtani, Mohammed M.J., Asherson, Philip, Atwoli, Lukoye, Bölte, Sven, Buitelaar, Jan K., Crunelle, Cleo L., Daley, David, Dalsgaard, Søren, Döpfner, Manfred, Espinet (on behalf of CADDRA), Stacey, Fitzgerald, Michael, Franke, Barbara, Gerlach, Manfred, Haavik, Jan, Hartman, Catharina A., Hartung, Cynthia M., Hinshaw, Stephen P., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Hollis, Chris, Kollins, Scott H., Sandra Kooij, J.J., Kuntsi, Jonna, Larsson, Henrik, Li, Tingyu, Liu, Jing, Merzon, Eugene, Mattingly, Gregory, Mattos, Paulo, McCarthy, Suzanne, Mikami, Amori Yee, Molina, Brooke S.G., Nigg, Joel T., Purper-Ouakil, Diane, Omigbodun, Olayinka O., Polanczyk, Guilherme V., Pollak, Yehuda, Poulton, Alison S., Rajkumar, Ravi Philip, Reding, Andrew, Reif, Andreas, Rubia, Katya, Rucklidge, Julia, Romanos, Marcel, Ramos-Quiroga, J. Antoni, Schellekens, Arnt, Scheres, Anouk, Schoeman, Renata, Schweitzer, Julie B., Shah, Henal, Solanto, Mary V., Sonuga-Barke, Edmund, Soutullo, César, Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph, Swanson, James M., Thapar, Anita, Tripp, Gail, van de Glind, Geurt, van den Brink, Wim, Van der Oord, Saskia, Venter, Andre, Vitiello, Benedetto, Walitza, Susanne, and Wang, Yufeng

Published
2021
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32. Irritability in Youth: A Critical Integrative Review

Author

Leibenluft, Ellen, primary, Allen, Laura, additional, Althoff, Robert, additional, Brotman, Melissa A., additional, Burke, Jeffrey D., additional, Carlson, Gabrielle, additional, Dickstein, Daniel, additional, Dougherty, Lea R., additional, Evans, Spencer, additional, Kircanski, Katharina, additional, Klein, Daniel, additional, Malone, Eleanor, additional, Mazefsky, Carla, additional, Nigg, Joel T., additional, Perlman, Susan B., additional, Pine, Daniel, additional, Roy, Amy, additional, Salum, Giovanni, additional, Shakeshaft, Amy, additional, Silver, Jamilah, additional, Stoddard, Joel, additional, Thapar, Anita, additional, Tseng, Wan-Ling, additional, Vidal-Ribas, Pablo, additional, Wakschlag, Lauren S., additional, Stringaris, Argyris, additional, and Burman, Charlotte, additional

Published
2023
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34. Life Span Studies of ADHD—Conceptual Challenges and Predictors of Persistence and Outcome

Author

Caye, Arthur, Swanson, James, Thapar, Anita, Sibley, Margaret, Arseneault, Louise, Hechtman, Lily, Arnold, L Eugene, Niclasen, Janni, Moffitt, Terrie, and Rohde, Luis Augusto

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Clinical and Health Psychology, Psychology, Pediatric, Behavioral and Social Science, Brain Disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Mental Health, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Mental health, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Child, Preschool, Comorbidity, Conduct Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Female, Humans, Male, Severity of Illness Index, Young Adult, ADHD, Course, Longitudinal investigations, Outcomes, Persistence, Predictors, Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Applied and developmental psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

There is a renewed interest in better conceptualizing trajectories of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from childhood to adulthood, driven by an increased recognition of long-term impairment and potential persistence beyond childhood and adolescence. This review addresses the following major issues relevant to the course of ADHD in light of current evidence from longitudinal studies: (1) conceptual and methodological issues related to measurement of persistence of ADHD, (2) estimates of persistence rate from childhood to adulthood and its predictors, (3) long-term negative outcomes of childhood ADHD and their early predictors, and (4) the recently proposed new adult-onset ADHD. Estimates of persistence vary widely in the literature, and diagnostic criteria, sample characteristics, and information source are the most important factors explaining variability among studies. Evidence indicates that ADHD severity, comorbid conduct disorder and major depressive disorder, and treatment for ADHD are the main predictors of ADHD persistence from childhood to adulthood. Comorbid conduct disorder and ADHD severity in childhood are the most important predictors of adverse outcomes in adulthood among children with ADHD. Three recent population studies suggested the existence of a significant proportion of individuals who report onset of ADHD symptoms and impairments after childhood. Finally, we highlight areas for improvement to increase our understanding of ADHD across the life span.

Published
2016

42. T57. TESTING INTRAUTERINE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN-D AND OMEGA-3 LEVELS ON OFFSPRING NEURODEVELOPMENTAL TRAITS IN THE NORWEGIAN MOTHER, FATHER AND CHILD COHORT STUDY

Author

Wootton, Robyn, primary, Dack, Kyle, additional, Riglin, Lucy, additional, Madley-Dowd, Paul, additional, Borges, Carolina, additional, Pagoni, Panagiota, additional, Roth, Christine, additional, Brantsæter, Anne Lise, additional, Corfield, Elizabeth, additional, Stoltenberg, Camilla, additional, Øyen, Anne-Siri, additional, Ask, Helga, additional, Thapar, Anita, additional, Stergiakouli, Evie, additional, and Havdahl, Alexandra, additional

Published
2023
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