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27 results on '"Thevenet, C."'

1. The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model: Group Summary Report

Author

Djouadi, A., Rosier-Lees, S., Bezouh, M., Bizouard, M. A., Boehm, C., Borzumati, F., Briot, C., Carr, J., Causse, M. B., Charles, F., Chereau, X., Colas, P., Duflot, L., Dupperin, A., Ealet, A., El-Mamouni, H., Ghodbane, N., Gieres, F., Gonzalez-Pineiro, B., Gourmelen, S., Grenier, G., Gris, Ph., Grivaz, J. -F., Hebrard, C., Ille, B., Kneur, J. -L., Kostantinidis, N., Layssac, J., Lebrun, P., Ledu, R., Lemaire, M. -C., LeMouel, Ch., Lugnier, L., Mambrini, Y., Martin, J. P., Montarou, G., Moultaka, G., Muanza, S., Nuss, E., Perez, E., Renard, F. M., Reynaud, D., Serin, L., Thevenet, C., Trabelsi, A., Zach, F., and Zerwas, D.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

CONTENTS: 1. Synopsis, 2. The MSSM Spectrum, 3. The Physical Parameters, 4. Higgs Boson Production and Decays, 5. SUSY Particle Production and Decays, 6. Experimental Bounds on SUSY Particle Masses, 7. References., Comment: 121 pages, latex + epsfig, graphicx, axodraw, Report of the MSSM working group for the Workshop "GDR-Supersym\'etrie",France. Rep. PM/98-45

Published
1999

2. Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers

Author

Posth, C., Yu, H., Ghalichi, A., Rougier, H., Crevecoeur, I., Huang, Y., Ringbauer, H., Rohrlach, A., Nägele, K., Villalba-Mouco, V., Radzeviciute, R., Ferraz, T., Stoessel, A., Tukhbatova, R., Drucker, D., Lari, M., Modi, A., Vai, S., Saupe, T., Scheib, C., Catalano, G., Pagani, L., Talamo, S., Fewlass, H., Klaric, L., Morala, A., Rué, M., Madelaine, S., Crépin, L., Caverne, J., Bocaege, E., Ricci, S., Boschin, F., Bayle, P., Maureille, B., Le Brun-Ricalens, F., Bordes, J., Oxilia, G., Bortolini, E., Bignon-Lau, O., Debout, G., Orliac, M., Zazzo, A., Sparacello, V., Starnini, E., Sineo, L., van der Plicht, J., Pecqueur, L., Merceron, G., Garcia, G., Leuvrey, J., Garcia, C., Gómez-Olivencia, A., Połtowicz-Bobak, M., Bobak, D., Le Luyer, M., Storm, P., Hoffmann, C., Kabaciński, J., Filimonova, T., Shnaider, S., Berezina, N., González-Rabanal, B., Morales, G., R., M., Marín-Arroyo, A., López, B., Alonso-Llamazares, C., Ronchitelli, A., Polet, C., Jadin, I., Cauwe, N., Soler, J., Coromina, N., Rufí, I., Cottiaux, R., Clark, G., Straus, L., Julien, M., Renhart, S., Talaa, D., Benazzi, S., Romandini, M., Amkreutz, L., Bocherens, H., Wißing, C., Villotte, S., de Pablo, Fernández-López, J., Gómez-Puche, M., Esquembre-Bebia, M., Bodu, P., Smits, L., Souffi, B., Jankauskas, R., Kozakaitė, J., Cupillard, C., Benthien, H., Wehrberger, K., Schmitz, R., Feine, S., Schüler, T., Thevenet, C., Grigorescu, D., Lüth, F., Kotula, A., Piezonka, H., Schopper, F., Svoboda, J., Sázelová, S., Chizhevsky, A., Khokhlov, A., Conard, N., Valentin, F., Harvati, K., Semal, P., Jungklaus, B., Suvorov, A., Schulting, R., Moiseyev, V., Mannermaa, K., Buzhilova, A., Terberger, T., Caramelli, D., Altena, E., Haak, W., and Krause, J.

Abstract

Modern humans have populated Europe for more than 45,000 years1,2. Our knowledge of the genetic relatedness and structure of ancient hunter-gatherers is however limited, owing to the scarceness and poor molecular preservation of human remains from that period3. Here we analyse 356 ancient hunter-gatherer genomes, including new genomic data for 116 individuals from 14 countries in western and central Eurasia, spanning between 35,000 and 5,000 years ago. We identify a genetic ancestry profile in individuals associated with Upper Palaeolithic Gravettian assemblages from western Europe that is distinct from contemporaneous groups related to this archaeological culture in central and southern Europe4, but resembles that of preceding individuals associated with the Aurignacian culture. This ancestry profile survived during the Last Glacial Maximum (25,000 to 19,000 years ago) in human populations from southwestern Europe associated with the Solutrean culture, and with the following Magdalenian culture that re-expanded northeastward after the Last Glacial Maximum. Conversely, we reveal a genetic turnover in southern Europe suggesting a local replacement of human groups around the time of the Last Glacial Maximum, accompanied by a north-to-south dispersal of populations associated with the Epigravettian culture. From at least 14,000 years ago, an ancestry related to this culture spread from the south across the rest of Europe, largely replacing the Magdalenian-associated gene pool. After a period of limited admixture that spanned the beginning of the Mesolithic, we find genetic interactions between western and eastern European hunter-gatherers, who were also characterized by marked differences in phenotypically relevant variants. Ancient DNA data generation Before the LGM LGM in southwestern and western Europe Post-LGM in the Italian peninsula Post-LGM in western and central Europe Post-14 ka to Neolithic Phenotypically relevant variants Discussion and conclusions Methods

Published
2023

6. Electromagnetic radiation from sinusoidal currents

Author

Thevenet, C.

Subjects
Electromagnetic radiation -- Research, Electric currents -- Research, Physics
Abstract

We study the electromagnetic field radiated by high-frequency electric currents in infinite conducting cylinders, with longitudinal or solenoidal flows. We show that the behavior of the radiated fields is very different for radiofrequencies and for higher frequencies. When [Omega]a/c is large (where a is the cylinder radius), the radiated power varies very rapidly as a function of the frequency and is almost zero for certain values.

Published
1999

7. The genomic history of Southeastern Europe

Author

Mathieson, I., Roodenberg, S., Posth, C., Szécsényi-Nagy, A., Rohland, N., Mallick, S., Olalde, I., Broomandkhoshbacht, N., Cheronet, O., Fernandes, D., Ferry, M., Gamarra, B., Fortes, G., Haak, W., Harney, E., Krause-Kyora, B., Kucukkalipci, I., Michel, M., Mittnik, A., Nägele, K., Novak, M., Oppenheimer, J., Patterson, N., Pfrengle, S., Sirak, K., Stewardson, K., Vai, S., Alexandrov, S., Alt, K., Andreescu, R., Antonović, D., Ash, A., Atanassova, N., Bacvarov, K., Gusztáv, M., Bocherens, H., Bolus, M., Boroneanţ, A., Boyadzhiev, Y., Budnik, A., Burmaz, J., Chohadzhiev, S., Conard, N., Cottiaux, R., Čuka, M., Cupillard, C., Drucker, D., Elenski, N., Francken, M., Galabova, B., Ganetovski, G., Gely, B., Hajdu, T., Handzhyiska, V., Harvati, K., Higham, T., Iliev, S., Janković, I., Karavanić, I., Kennett, D., Komšo, D., Kozak, A., Labuda, D., Lari, M., Lazar, C., Leppek, M., Leshtakov, K., Vetro, D., Los, D., Lozanov, I., Malina, M., Martini, F., McSweeney, K., Meller, H., Menđušić, M., Mirea, P., Moiseyev, V., Petrova, V., Price, T., Simalcsik, A., Sineo, L., Šlaus, M., Slavchev, V., Stanev, P., Starović, A., Szeniczey, T., Talamo, S., Teschler-Nicola, M., Thevenet, C., Valchev, I., Valentin, F., Vasilyev, S., Veljanovska, F., Venelinova, S., Veselovskaya, E., Viola, B., Virag, C., Zaninović, J., Zäuner, S., Stockhammer, P., Catalano, G., Krauß, R., Caramelli, D., Zariņa, G., Gaydarska, B., Lillie, M., Nikitin, A., Potekhina, I., Papathanasiou, A., Borić, D., Bonsall, C., Krause, J., Pinhasi, R., and Reich, D.

Published
2017

8. De la récurrence à la norme: interpréter les pratiques funéraires en préhistoire

Author

Fanny Bocquentin, Chambon, P., Isabelle Le Goff, Leclerc, J., G Pariat, J., Pereira, G., Thevenet, C., Valentin, F., Ethnologie préhistorique, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Service départemental d'archéologie du Val d'Oise (SDAVO), Archéologie des Amériques (ArchAm), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Sépultures, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Pratiques funéraires, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, Norme, Norm, Archaeology of death, Identités, Burials, Identities, Funerary practices, Archéologie de la mort, Ideology, Idéologie
Abstract

International audience; Understanding societal conceptions of death presents a unique challenge to prehistorians because they cannot witness first-hand the funerary practices that interest them. Rather, they are limited to studying the physical traces left behind by such practices. However, we wish to move beyond description towards interpretation, because what interests us is not simply the individual practices (or even sets of practices), but the system that unifies them and imbues them with meaning. To unravel these systems, it is important to bear in mind that not all of the acts documented in the material record were obligatory. While there is the “devoir-faire” (what must be done), there also exists the “pouvoir-faire” (what can be done). The archaeologist must carefully categorize these practices: identify their frequency (from what is never done to what is always done), as well as make correlations among the essential elements of the burial. The obvious difficulty emerges when it is time to connect the archaeological interpretation to the reality of the original funerary practices. We explore three approaches that are drawn from our individual research. The definition of the norm within a given region leads us to question more closely the criteria by which groups are defined. Next, we explore the range of variability that can be reasonably expected within a single group. Finally,we examine the degree to which norms either remain stable or change through time, as well as the interactions between funerary practices and other aspects of the society.; "Pour aborder le discours des hommes sur la mort, le préhistorien est réduit à traquer des gestes réalisés autour des morts qu’il découvre: afin d’éviter toute surinterprétation, nous les appelons pratiques, les « pratiques funéraires ». Or, ce que nous souhaitons, c’est passer de la description à l’interprétation. Car ce qui a un sens, une logique, ce n’est pas un geste ou une collection de gestes, mais un système. Cependant, pour décoder un tel système, il faut d’abord être conscient que les gestes ne relèvent pas tous de l’obligation: à côté du « devoir-faire », la norme, il existe un « pouvoirfaire », ce qui est laissé à l’appréciation des exécutants. Sur le plan archéologique, il faut patiemment ordonner les pratiques: identifier leur récurrence, de jamais à toujours, ainsi que les corrélations entre les éléments constitutifs de la tombe. La difficulté consiste évidemment à passer de la dimension archéologique à la dimension funéraire initiale. À partir d’exemples tirés de nos recherches individuelles, nous avons exploré trois directions. La définition de la norme dans un espace géographique nous a conduits à nous interroger sur les critères qui définissent nos ensembles. Au sein d’un ensemble défini, nous avons questionné la valeur que l’on doit accorder aux variations. Enfin, sur le plan diachronique, nous nous sommes penchés sur la permanence de la norme ou son changement, et donc sur les interactions entre la norme funéraire et les autres pans des activités sociales." (source éditeur)

Published
2010
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13. The genomic history of Southern Europe

Author

Richard Cottiaux, Eadaoin Harney, Iain Mathieson, Elizaveta Veselovskaya, Corinne Thevenet, Georgi Ganetsovski, Philipp W. Stockhammer, Petar Stanev, Douglas J. Kennett, Stefan Chohadzhiev, Adina Boroneanţ, Domenico Lo Vetro, Megan Michel, Nicholas J. Conard, Maleen Leppek, Fanica Veljanovska, Harald Meller, Martina Lari, Clive Bonsall, Michael Bolus, Thomas Higham, Andrej Starović, Darko Komšo, Mario Novak, Ivaylo Lozanov, Maja Čuka, Vanya Petrova, Krum Bacvarov, Alicja Budnik, Cosimo Posth, Cristian Virag, Stanislav Iliev, Wolfgang Haak, Francesca Candilio, Iñigo Olalde, Tamás Hajdu, David Caramelli, Raiko Krauß, Ivor Janković, Swapan Mallick, Matthew Ferry, Ben Krause-Kyora, Maria Teschler-Nicola, Kristin Stewardson, Cătălin Lazăr, Anastasia Papathanasiou, Giulio Catalano, Veneta Handzhyiska, Kendra Sirak, Kathrin Nägele, Kurt W. Alt, Bernard Gély, Ivor Karavanić, Svetlana Venelinova, Nedko Elenski, Dragana Antonović, Ron Pinhasi, Maria Malina, Inna Potekhina, Ivan Valchev, Alexey G. Nikitin, Kath McSweeney, Dusan Boric, Alissa Mittnik, Nick Patterson, Saskia Pfrengle, Angela Simalcsik, Anna Szécsényi-Nagy, Abigail Ash, Malcolm Lillie, Mario Šlaus, Fabio Martini, David Reich, Johannes Krause, Tamás Szeniczey, Bence Viola, Dženi Los, Luca Sineo, Hervé Bocherens, Christophe Cupillard, Yavor Boyadzhiev, Pavel Mirea, Sahra Talamo, Alexandra Kozak, Katerina Harvati, Songül Alpaslan-Roodenberg, Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht, Marko Menđušić, Gunita Zariņa, Olivia Cheronet, Isil Kucukkalipci, Denise Keating, Dorothée G. Drucker, Stefan Alexandrov, Vladimir Slavchev, Radian Andreescu, Eppie R. Jones, Beatriz Gamarra, Michael Francken, Nadin Rohland, Gloria G. Fortes, Jonas Oppenheimer, Stefania Vai, T. Douglas Price, Sergey Vasilyev, Borislava Galabova, Krassimir Leshtakov, Bisserka Gaydarska, Mende Balázs Gusztáv, Joško Zaninović, Nadezhda Atanassova, Vyacheslav Moiseyev, Josip Burmaz, Daniel Fernandes, Steve Zäuner, Damian Labuda, Frédérique Valentin, Iain Mathieson, Songül Alpaslan-Roodenberg, Cosimo Posth, Anna Szécsényi-Nagy, Nadin Rohland1, Swapan Mallick, Iigo Olalde, Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht, Francesca Candilio, Olivia Cheronet, Daniel Fernandes, Matthew Ferry, Beatriz Gamarra, Gloria González Fortes, Wolfgang Haak, Eadaoin Harney, Eppie Jones, Denise Keating, Ben Krause-Kyora, Isil Kucukkalipci, Megan Michel, Alissa Mittnik, Kathrin N.gele, Mario Novak, Jonas Oppenheimer, Nick Patterson, Saskia Pfrengle, Kendra Sirak, Kristin Stewardson, Stefania Vai, Stefan Alexandrov, Kurt W. Alt, Radian Andreescu, Dragana Antonovic′, Abigail Ash, Nadezhda Atanassova, Krum Bacvarov, Mende Balázs Gusztáv, Hervé Bocherens, Michael Bolus, Adina Boroneant., Yavor Boyadzhiev, Alicja Budnik, Josip Burmaz, Stefan Chohadzhiev, Nicholas J. Conard, Richard Cottiaux, Maja Cuka, Christophe Cupillard, Dorothée G. Drucker, Nedko Elenski, Michael Francken, Borislava Galabova, Georgi Ganetsovski, Bernard Gély, Tamás Hajdu, Veneta Handzhyiska, Katerina Harvati, Thomas Higham, Stanislav Iliev, Ivor Jankovic′, Ivor Karavanic, Douglas J. Kennett, Darko Komšo, Alexandra Kozak, Damian Labuda, Martina Lari, Catalin Lazar, Maleen Leppek, Krassimir Leshtakov, Domenico Lo Vetro, Dženi Los, Ivaylo Lozanov, Maria Malina, Fabio Martini, Kath McSweeney, Harald Meller, Marko Mendˉušic, Pavel Mirea, Vyacheslav Moiseyev, Vanya Petrova, T. Douglas Price, Angela Simalcsik, Luca Sineo, Mario Šlaus, Vladimir Slavchev, Petar Stanev, Andrej Starovic′, Tamás Szeniczey, Sahra Talamo, Maria Teschler-Nicola, Corinne Thevenet, Ivan Valchev, Frédérique Valentin, Sergey Vasilyev, Fanica Veljanovska, Svetlana Venelinova, Elizaveta Veselovskaya, Bence Viola, Cristian Virag, Joško Zaninovic′, Steve Zuner, Philipp W. Stockhammer, Giulio Catalano, Raiko Krau, David Caramelli, Gunita Zarin, Bisserka Gaydarska, Malcolm Lillie, Alexey G. Nikitin, Inna Potekhina, Anastasia Papathanasiou, Dušan Boric, Clive Bonsall, Johannes Krause, Ron Pinhasi, David Reich, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Mathieson I., Alpaslan-Roodenberg S., Posth C., Szecsenyi-Nagy A., Rohland N., Mallick S., Olalde I., Broomandkhoshbacht N., Candilio F., Cheronet O., Fernandes D., Ferry M., Gamarra B., Fortes G.G., Haak W., Harney E., Jones E., Keating D., Krause-Kyora B., Kucukkalipci I., Michel M., Mittnik A., Nagele K., Novak M., Oppenheimer J., Patterson N., Pfrengle S., Sirak K., Stewardson K., Vai S., Alexandrov S., Alt K.W., Andreescu R., Antonovic D., Ash A., Atanassova N., Bacvarov K., Gusztav M.B., Bocherens H., Bolus M., Boroneant A., Boyadzhiev Y., Budnik A., Burmaz J., Chohadzhiev S., Conard N.J., Cottiaux R., Cuka M., Cupillard C., Drucker D.G., Elenski N., Francken M., Galabova B., Ganetsovski G., Gely B., Hajdu T., Handzhyiska V., Harvati K., Higham T., Iliev S., Jankovic I., Karavanic I., Kennett D.J., Komso D., Kozak A., Labuda D., Lari M., Lazar C., Leppek M., Leshtakov K., Vetro D.L., Los D., Lozanov I., Malina M., Martini F., McSweeney K., Meller H., Mentusic M., Mirea P., Moiseyev V., Petrova V., Douglas Price T., Simalcsik A., Sineo L., Slaus M., Slavchev V., Stanev P., Starovic A., Szeniczey T., Talamo S., Teschler-Nicola M., Thevenet C., Valchev I., Valentin F., Vasilyev S., Veljanovska F., Venelinova S., Veselovskaya E., Viola B., Virag C., Zaninovic J., Zauner S., Stockhammer P.W., Catalano G., Krauss R., Caramelli D., Zarina G., Gaydarska B., Lillie M., Nikitin A.G., Potekhina I., Papathanasiou A., Boric D., Bonsall C., Krause J., Pinhasi R., Reich D., Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, History, Steppe, 01 natural sciences, genome wide ancient DNA, 0302 clinical medicine, population dynamics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, History, Ancient, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Farmers, Genome, Agriculture, Cline (biology), Genomics, Grassland, Europe, Geography, Western europe, Ethnology, Female, southeastern Europe, Human, Archaeogenetics, 010506 paleontology, Asia, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Human Migration, Population, Settore BIO/08 - Antropologia, Indigenous, Article, Ancient, 03 medical and health sciences, genetic variation, genomics, prehistoric Europe, prehistoric archeology, bioarchaeology, Bioarchaeology, Genetics, Humans, HUMANISTIC SCIENCES. Archeology, Farmer, DNA, Ancient, Sex Distribution, education, Mesolithic, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, HUMANISTIČKE ZNANOSTI. Arheologija, Extramural, business.industry, Genome, Human, Ambientale, DNA, Archaeology, PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Biologija. Genetika, evolucija i filogenija, 030104 developmental biology, Ancient DNA, Genetics, Population, Ancient DNA, Genomics, Southeastern Europe, Genetic Variation, business, NATURAL SCIENCES. Biology. Genetics, Evolution and Phylogenetics, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Farming was first introduced to southeastern Europe in the mid-7th millennium BCE - brought by migrants from Anatolia who settled in the region before spreading throughout Europe. However, the dynamics of the interaction between the first farmers and the indigenous hunter-gatherers remain poorly understood because of the near absence of ancient DNA from the region. We report new genome-wide ancient DNA data from 204 individuals-65 Paleolithic and Mesolithic, 93 Neolithic, and 46 Copper, Bronze and Iron Age-who lived in southeastern Europe and surrounding regions between about 12,000 and 500 BCE. We document that the hunter-gatherer populations of southeastern Europe, the Baltic, and the North Pontic Steppe were distinctive from those of western Europe, with a West-East cline of ancestry. We show that the people who brought farming to Europe were not part of a single population, as early farmers from southern Greece are not descended from the Neolithic population of northwestern Anatolia that was ancestral to all other European farmers. The ancestors of the first farmers of northern and western Europe passed through southeastern Europe with limited admixture with local hunter-gatherers, but we show that some groups that remained in the region mixed extensively with local hunter-gatherers, with relatively sex-balanced admixture compared to the male-biased hunter-gatherer admixture that we show prevailed later in the North and West. After the spread of farming, southeastern Europe continued to be a nexus between East and West, with intermittent steppe ancestry, including in individuals from the Varna I cemetery and associated with the Cucuteni-Trypillian archaeological complex, up to 2,000 years before the Steppe migration that replaced much of northern Europe9s population.

Published
2018
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21. Author Correction: Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers.

Author

Posth C, Yu H, Ghalichi A, Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Huang Y, Ringbauer H, Rohrlach AB, Nägele K, Villalba-Mouco V, Radzeviciute R, Ferraz T, Stoessel A, Tukhbatova R, Drucker DG, Lari M, Modi A, Vai S, Saupe T, Scheib CL, Catalano G, Pagani L, Talamo S, Fewlass H, Klaric L, Morala A, Rué M, Madelaine S, Crépin L, Caverne JB, Bocaege E, Ricci S, Boschin F, Bayle P, Maureille B, Le Brun-Ricalens F, Bordes JG, Oxilia G, Bortolini E, Bignon-Lau O, Debout G, Orliac M, Zazzo A, Sparacello V, Starnini E, Sineo L, van der Plicht J, Pecqueur L, Merceron G, Garcia G, Leuvrey JM, Garcia CB, Gómez-Olivencia A, Połtowicz-Bobak M, Bobak D, Le Luyer M, Storm P, Hoffmann C, Kabaciński J, Filimonova T, Shnaider S, Berezina N, González-Rabanal B, González Morales MR, Marín-Arroyo AB, López B, Alonso-Llamazares C, Ronchitelli A, Polet C, Jadin I, Cauwe N, Soler J, Coromina N, Rufí I, Cottiaux R, Clark G, Straus LG, Julien MA, Renhart S, Talaa D, Benazzi S, Romandini M, Amkreutz L, Bocherens H, Wißing C, Villotte S, de Pablo JF, Gómez-Puche M, Esquembre-Bebia MA, Bodu P, Smits L, Souffi B, Jankauskas R, Kozakaitė J, Cupillard C, Benthien H, Wehrberger K, Schmitz RW, Feine SC, Schüler T, Thevenet C, Grigorescu D, Lüth F, Kotula A, Piezonka H, Schopper F, Svoboda J, Sázelová S, Chizhevsky A, Khokhlov A, Conard NJ, Valentin F, Harvati K, Semal P, Jungklaus B, Suvorov A, Schulting R, Moiseyev V, Mannermaa K, Buzhilova A, Terberger T, Caramelli D, Altena E, Haak W, and Krause J

Published
2023
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22. Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers.

Author

Posth C, Yu H, Ghalichi A, Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Huang Y, Ringbauer H, Rohrlach AB, Nägele K, Villalba-Mouco V, Radzeviciute R, Ferraz T, Stoessel A, Tukhbatova R, Drucker DG, Lari M, Modi A, Vai S, Saupe T, Scheib CL, Catalano G, Pagani L, Talamo S, Fewlass H, Klaric L, Morala A, Rué M, Madelaine S, Crépin L, Caverne JB, Bocaege E, Ricci S, Boschin F, Bayle P, Maureille B, Le Brun-Ricalens F, Bordes JG, Oxilia G, Bortolini E, Bignon-Lau O, Debout G, Orliac M, Zazzo A, Sparacello V, Starnini E, Sineo L, van der Plicht J, Pecqueur L, Merceron G, Garcia G, Leuvrey JM, Garcia CB, Gómez-Olivencia A, Połtowicz-Bobak M, Bobak D, Le Luyer M, Storm P, Hoffmann C, Kabaciński J, Filimonova T, Shnaider S, Berezina N, González-Rabanal B, González Morales MR, Marín-Arroyo AB, López B, Alonso-Llamazares C, Ronchitelli A, Polet C, Jadin I, Cauwe N, Soler J, Coromina N, Rufí I, Cottiaux R, Clark G, Straus LG, Julien MA, Renhart S, Talaa D, Benazzi S, Romandini M, Amkreutz L, Bocherens H, Wißing C, Villotte S, de Pablo JF, Gómez-Puche M, Esquembre-Bebia MA, Bodu P, Smits L, Souffi B, Jankauskas R, Kozakaitė J, Cupillard C, Benthien H, Wehrberger K, Schmitz RW, Feine SC, Schüler T, Thevenet C, Grigorescu D, Lüth F, Kotula A, Piezonka H, Schopper F, Svoboda J, Sázelová S, Chizhevsky A, Khokhlov A, Conard NJ, Valentin F, Harvati K, Semal P, Jungklaus B, Suvorov A, Schulting R, Moiseyev V, Mannermaa K, Buzhilova A, Terberger T, Caramelli D, Altena E, Haak W, and Krause J

Subjects
Humans, Europe ethnology, Gene Pool, History, Ancient, Archaeology, Genomics, Hunting, Paleontology, Human Genetics, Genome, Human genetics
Abstract

Modern humans have populated Europe for more than 45,000 years 1,2 . Our knowledge of the genetic relatedness and structure of ancient hunter-gatherers is however limited, owing to the scarceness and poor molecular preservation of human remains from that period 3 . Here we analyse 356 ancient hunter-gatherer genomes, including new genomic data for 116 individuals from 14 countries in western and central Eurasia, spanning between 35,000 and 5,000 years ago. We identify a genetic ancestry profile in individuals associated with Upper Palaeolithic Gravettian assemblages from western Europe that is distinct from contemporaneous groups related to this archaeological culture in central and southern Europe 4 , but resembles that of preceding individuals associated with the Aurignacian culture. This ancestry profile survived during the Last Glacial Maximum (25,000 to 19,000 years ago) in human populations from southwestern Europe associated with the Solutrean culture, and with the following Magdalenian culture that re-expanded northeastward after the Last Glacial Maximum. Conversely, we reveal a genetic turnover in southern Europe suggesting a local replacement of human groups around the time of the Last Glacial Maximum, accompanied by a north-to-south dispersal of populations associated with the Epigravettian culture. From at least 14,000 years ago, an ancestry related to this culture spread from the south across the rest of Europe, largely replacing the Magdalenian-associated gene pool. After a period of limited admixture that spanned the beginning of the Mesolithic, we find genetic interactions between western and eastern European hunter-gatherers, who were also characterized by marked differences in phenotypically relevant variants., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2023
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23. Origin and mobility of Iron Age Gaulish groups in present-day France revealed through archaeogenomics.

Author

Fischer CE, Pemonge MH, Ducoussau I, Arzelier A, Rivollat M, Santos F, Barrand Emam H, Bertaud A, Beylier A, Ciesielski E, Dedet B, Desenne S, Duday H, Chenal F, Gailledrat E, Goepfert S, Gorgé O, Gorgues A, Kuhnle G, Lambach F, Lefort A, Mauduit A, Maziere F, Oudry S, Paresys C, Pinard E, Plouin S, Richard I, Roth-Zehner M, Roure R, Thevenet C, Thomas Y, Rottier S, Deguilloux MF, and Pruvost M

Abstract

The Iron Age period occupies an important place in French history because the Gauls are regularly presented as the direct ancestors of the extant French population. We documented here the genomic diversity of Iron Age communities originating from six French regions. The 49 acquired genomes permitted us to highlight an absence of discontinuity between Bronze Age and Iron Age groups in France, lending support to a cultural transition linked to progressive local economic changes rather than to a massive influx of allochthone groups. Genomic analyses revealed strong genetic homogeneity among the regional groups associated with distinct archaeological cultures. This genomic homogenization appears to be linked to individuals' mobility between regions and gene flow with neighbouring groups from England and Spain. Thus, the results globally support a common genomic legacy for the Iron Age population of modern-day France that could be linked to recurrent gene flow between culturally differentiated communities., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2022 The Author(s).)

Published
2022
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24. Ancient genomes from present-day France unveil 7,000 years of its demographic history.

Author

Brunel S, Bennett EA, Cardin L, Garraud D, Barrand Emam H, Beylier A, Boulestin B, Chenal F, Ciesielski E, Convertini F, Dedet B, Desbrosse-Degobertiere S, Desenne S, Dubouloz J, Duday H, Escalon G, Fabre V, Gailledrat E, Gandelin M, Gleize Y, Goepfert S, Guilaine J, Hachem L, Ilett M, Lambach F, Maziere F, Perrin B, Plouin S, Pinard E, Praud I, Richard I, Riquier V, Roure R, Sendra B, Thevenet C, Thiol S, Vauquelin E, Vergnaud L, Grange T, Geigl EM, and Pruvost M

Subjects
Chromosomes, Human, Y genetics, DNA, Mitochondrial genetics, Female, France, Gene Flow, Humans, Male, Polymorphism, Genetic, DNA, Ancient, Evolution, Molecular, Genome, Human, Human Migration, Population genetics
Abstract

Genomic studies conducted on ancient individuals across Europe have revealed how migrations have contributed to its present genetic landscape, but the territory of present-day France has yet to be connected to the broader European picture. We generated a large dataset comprising the complete mitochondrial genomes, Y-chromosome markers, and genotypes of a number of nuclear loci of interest of 243 individuals sampled across present-day France over a period spanning 7,000 y, complemented with a partially overlapping dataset of 58 low-coverage genomes. This panel provides a high-resolution transect of the dynamics of maternal and paternal lineages in France as well as of autosomal genotypes. Parental lineages and genomic data both revealed demographic patterns in France for the Neolithic and Bronze Age transitions consistent with neighboring regions, first with a migration wave of Anatolian farmers followed by varying degrees of admixture with autochthonous hunter-gatherers, and then substantial gene flow from individuals deriving part of their ancestry from the Pontic steppe at the onset of the Bronze Age. Our data have also highlighted the persistence of Magdalenian-associated ancestry in hunter-gatherer populations outside of Spain and thus provide arguments for an expansion of these populations at the end of the Paleolithic Period more northerly than what has been described so far. Finally, no major demographic changes were detected during the transition between the Bronze and Iron Ages., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest.

Published
2020
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25. The genomic history of southeastern Europe.

Author

Mathieson I, Alpaslan-Roodenberg S, Posth C, Szécsényi-Nagy A, Rohland N, Mallick S, Olalde I, Broomandkhoshbacht N, Candilio F, Cheronet O, Fernandes D, Ferry M, Gamarra B, Fortes GG, Haak W, Harney E, Jones E, Keating D, Krause-Kyora B, Kucukkalipci I, Michel M, Mittnik A, Nägele K, Novak M, Oppenheimer J, Patterson N, Pfrengle S, Sirak K, Stewardson K, Vai S, Alexandrov S, Alt KW, Andreescu R, Antonović D, Ash A, Atanassova N, Bacvarov K, Gusztáv MB, Bocherens H, Bolus M, Boroneanţ A, Boyadzhiev Y, Budnik A, Burmaz J, Chohadzhiev S, Conard NJ, Cottiaux R, Čuka M, Cupillard C, Drucker DG, Elenski N, Francken M, Galabova B, Ganetsovski G, Gély B, Hajdu T, Handzhyiska V, Harvati K, Higham T, Iliev S, Janković I, Karavanić I, Kennett DJ, Komšo D, Kozak A, Labuda D, Lari M, Lazar C, Leppek M, Leshtakov K, Vetro DL, Los D, Lozanov I, Malina M, Martini F, McSweeney K, Meller H, Menđušić M, Mirea P, Moiseyev V, Petrova V, Price TD, Simalcsik A, Sineo L, Šlaus M, Slavchev V, Stanev P, Starović A, Szeniczey T, Talamo S, Teschler-Nicola M, Thevenet C, Valchev I, Valentin F, Vasilyev S, Veljanovska F, Venelinova S, Veselovskaya E, Viola B, Virag C, Zaninović J, Zäuner S, Stockhammer PW, Catalano G, Krauß R, Caramelli D, Zariņa G, Gaydarska B, Lillie M, Nikitin AG, Potekhina I, Papathanasiou A, Borić D, Bonsall C, Krause J, Pinhasi R, and Reich D

Subjects
Agriculture history, Asia ethnology, DNA, Ancient, Europe, Female, Genetics, Population, Grassland, History, Ancient, Humans, Male, Sex Distribution, Farmers history, Genome, Human genetics, Genomics, Human Migration history
Abstract

Farming was first introduced to Europe in the mid-seventh millennium bc, and was associated with migrants from Anatolia who settled in the southeast before spreading throughout Europe. Here, to understand the dynamics of this process, we analysed genome-wide ancient DNA data from 225 individuals who lived in southeastern Europe and surrounding regions between 12000 and 500 bc. We document a west-east cline of ancestry in indigenous hunter-gatherers and, in eastern Europe, the early stages in the formation of Bronze Age steppe ancestry. We show that the first farmers of northern and western Europe dispersed through southeastern Europe with limited hunter-gatherer admixture, but that some early groups in the southeast mixed extensively with hunter-gatherers without the sex-biased admixture that prevailed later in the north and west. We also show that southeastern Europe continued to be a nexus between east and west after the arrival of farmers, with intermittent genetic contact with steppe populations occurring up to 2,000 years earlier than the migrations from the steppe that ultimately replaced much of the population of northern Europe.

Published
2018
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26. The genetic history of Ice Age Europe.

Author

Fu Q, Posth C, Hajdinjak M, Petr M, Mallick S, Fernandes D, Furtwängler A, Haak W, Meyer M, Mittnik A, Nickel B, Peltzer A, Rohland N, Slon V, Talamo S, Lazaridis I, Lipson M, Mathieson I, Schiffels S, Skoglund P, Derevianko AP, Drozdov N, Slavinsky V, Tsybankov A, Cremonesi RG, Mallegni F, Gély B, Vacca E, Morales MR, Straus LG, Neugebauer-Maresch C, Teschler-Nicola M, Constantin S, Moldovan OT, Benazzi S, Peresani M, Coppola D, Lari M, Ricci S, Ronchitelli A, Valentin F, Thevenet C, Wehrberger K, Grigorescu D, Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Flas D, Semal P, Mannino MA, Cupillard C, Bocherens H, Conard NJ, Harvati K, Moiseyev V, Drucker DG, Svoboda J, Richards MP, Caramelli D, Pinhasi R, Kelso J, Patterson N, Krause J, Pääbo S, and Reich D

Subjects
Animals, Biological Evolution, DNA analysis, DNA genetics, DNA isolation & purification, Europe, Female, Founder Effect, Genetics, Population, History, Ancient, Human Migration history, Humans, Male, Middle East, Neanderthals genetics, Phylogeny, Population Dynamics, Selection, Genetic, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Time Factors, Ice Cover, White People genetics, White People history
Abstract

Modern humans arrived in Europe ~45,000 years ago, but little is known about their genetic composition before the start of farming ~8,500 years ago. Here we analyse genome-wide data from 51 Eurasians from ~45,000-7,000 years ago. Over this time, the proportion of Neanderthal DNA decreased from 3-6% to around 2%, consistent with natural selection against Neanderthal variants in modern humans. Whereas there is no evidence of the earliest modern humans in Europe contributing to the genetic composition of present-day Europeans, all individuals between ~37,000 and ~14,000 years ago descended from a single founder population which forms part of the ancestry of present-day Europeans. An ~35,000-year-old individual from northwest Europe represents an early branch of this founder population which was then displaced across a broad region, before reappearing in southwest Europe at the height of the last Ice Age ~19,000 years ago. During the major warming period after ~14,000 years ago, a genetic component related to present-day Near Easterners became widespread in Europe. These results document how population turnover and migration have been recurring themes of European prehistory.

Published
2016
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27. Pleistocene Mitochondrial Genomes Suggest a Single Major Dispersal of Non-Africans and a Late Glacial Population Turnover in Europe.

Author

Posth C, Renaud G, Mittnik A, Drucker DG, Rougier H, Cupillard C, Valentin F, Thevenet C, Furtwängler A, Wißing C, Francken M, Malina M, Bolus M, Lari M, Gigli E, Capecchi G, Crevecoeur I, Beauval C, Flas D, Germonpré M, van der Plicht J, Cottiaux R, Gély B, Ronchitelli A, Wehrberger K, Grigorescu D, Svoboda J, Semal P, Caramelli D, Bocherens H, Harvati K, Conard NJ, Haak W, Powell A, and Krause J

Subjects
Africa, Black People genetics, Emigration and Immigration, Europe, Genetic Variation, Genome, Mitochondrial, Haplotypes, Humans, White People genetics, DNA, Ancient, DNA, Mitochondrial genetics, Genome, Human
Abstract

How modern humans dispersed into Eurasia and Australasia, including the number of separate expansions and their timings, is highly debated [1, 2]. Two categories of models are proposed for the dispersal of non-Africans: (1) single dispersal, i.e., a single major diffusion of modern humans across Eurasia and Australasia [3-5]; and (2) multiple dispersal, i.e., additional earlier population expansions that may have contributed to the genetic diversity of some present-day humans outside of Africa [6-9]. Many variants of these models focus largely on Asia and Australasia, neglecting human dispersal into Europe, thus explaining only a subset of the entire colonization process outside of Africa [3-5, 8, 9]. The genetic diversity of the first modern humans who spread into Europe during the Late Pleistocene and the impact of subsequent climatic events on their demography are largely unknown. Here we analyze 55 complete human mitochondrial genomes (mtDNAs) of hunter-gatherers spanning ∼35,000 years of European prehistory. We unexpectedly find mtDNA lineage M in individuals prior to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). This lineage is absent in contemporary Europeans, although it is found at high frequency in modern Asians, Australasians, and Native Americans. Dating the most recent common ancestor of each of the modern non-African mtDNA clades reveals their single, late, and rapid dispersal less than 55,000 years ago. Demographic modeling not only indicates an LGM genetic bottleneck, but also provides surprising evidence of a major population turnover in Europe around 14,500 years ago during the Late Glacial, a period of climatic instability at the end of the Pleistocene., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2016
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