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International audience; The biogeography of neotropical fungi remains poorly understood. Here, we reconstruct the origins and diversification of neotropical lineages in one of the largest clades of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the globally widespread family Russulaceae. We inferred a supertree of 3285 operational taxonomic units, representing worldwide internal transcribed spacer sequences. We reconstructed biogeographic history and diversification and identified lineages in the Neotropics and adjacent Patagonia. The ectomycorrhizal Russulaceae have a tropical African origin. The oldest lineages in tropical South America, most with African sister groups, date to the mid-Eocene, possibly coinciding with a boreotropical migration corridor. There were several transatlantic dispersal events from Africa more recently. Andean and Central American lineages mostly have northtemperate origins and are associated with North Andean uplift and the general north-south biotic interchange across the Panama isthmus, respectively. Patagonian lineages have Australasian affinities. Diversification rates in tropical South America and other tropical areas are lower than in temperate areas. Neotropical Russulaceae have multiple biogeographic origins since the mid-Eocene involving dispersal and co-migration. Discontinuous distributions of host plants may explain low diversification rates of tropical lowland ectomycorrhizal fungi. Deeply diverging neotropical fungal lineages need to be better documented.

Exile is a song written by Taylor Swift that describes a relationship that is no longer working on two people. This song describes a broken relationship through metaphors. This study aims to examine broken relationship metaphors in Taylor Swift’s Exile through a cognitive linguistic perspective. The method used for this research is the non-participant observation and identity referential method. The result shows that there are several metaphors that indicate a broken relationship in that song, namely [RELATIONSHIP IS A FILM], [PARTNER IS A HOMELAND], [MOVING ON IS EXILE], [OPINION IS A BREAKING BRANCH], [MOVING ON IS A SIDE DOOR], and [UNCERTAINTY IS A THIN LINE]. In conclusion, this song describes a situation of a broken relationship that is expressed in a metaphorical way to set a scene of breaking up, misunderstanding, and showing different opinions from one to another.Keywords: metaphor; exile; Taylor Swift

This article is part of the Special Issue “Parliaments in the Middle East and North Africa: A Struggle for Relevance.” While legislators in democratic settings have the electorate as their main principal, mps in semi- and nondemocratic settings need to serve two principals to remain in office: the regime and the active segment of the electorate. This dichotymy sometimes requires particular skills in parliamentary behavior. For the case of Egypt, we investigate how mps strike a balance between regime support and representing their constituents up to an extent that does not endanger their chances for re-election. A content analysis of session scripts of the Egyptian parliament in 2016 was conducted to examine how mps walk this – traditionally understudied – thin line. Our findings indicate that representation gets reduced to “descriptive representation,” i.e. a representation that puts more emphasis on representing local constituents and demographic segments, like Copts and women, that mps are presumably elected to represent. We therefore show that mps fulfill the important tasks of citizens representation even in semi- and nondemocratic settings.

Surgery is the primary treatment for localized, clinically resectable soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Chemotherapy and radiotherapy, administered in the pre- or post-operative settings, have important ancillary roles in the multimodal management of primary STS. Some sarcoma centers also employ locoregional therapies such as isolated limb perfusion and deep wave hyperthermia in multimodal therapy. In advanced or metastatic STS, surgery is recommended when complete resection is feasible. Nevertheless, in certain situations there is thin line between a surgical or non-surgical approach, generally related to STS histological type/subtype, disease stage and technical considerations. In advanced STS, factors favoring surgery are isolated oligometastatic disease, long disease-free interval, suitable histology, response to chemotherapy and high probability of a complete resection.

The paper presents the first publication for the scenes and hieroglyphic inscriptions of the Stela CG 34096 – SR 3/ 10165 - Cairo Museum, dating to the New Kingdom ( pl.1, fig.1). Keywords: Funerary stelae - Stela CG 34096 – Cairo Museum Stelae. 1. Basic information's Discovery: (?) Date: New Kingdom (late 18th and early 19th dynasty era). Owners: Nebanensu and Amenhotep – Nb ann sw & Imn Htp Material: Sandstone. Dimensions: H: 50cm, W: 38cm, D:7cm. Condition: good, with traces of colors remain. 2. Description A painted arch-topped rectangular stone slab funerary stela, divided into three main parts: the Lunette and two registers. A horizontal line separates the two registers of the stela, while its edge is surrounded by a single thin line. All figures and hieroglyphic inscriptions are executed in shallow sunk relief featuring inner details. The stela follows the classic style of stelae which appeared and became widespread in use since the Middle Kingdom. The same style and probably by the hand of the same artist who engraved the stela CG 34035. The back of the stelae (the verso) was usually polished with no scenes or texts ; rarely was it left rough. (Bierbrier, 1999)

In this article, we argue that certain behaviour connected to the attempt to attain contemporary female body ideals in Denmark can be understood as an act of achievement and, thus, as an embodiment of the culture of achievement, as it is characterised in Præstationssamfundet, written by the Danish sociologist Anders Petersen (2016) Hans Reitzels Forlag. Arguing from cultural psychological and sociological standpoints, this article examines how the human body functions as a mediational tool in different ways from which the individual communicates both moral and aesthetic sociocultural ideals and values. Complex processes of embodiment, we argue, can be described with different levels of internalisation, externalisation and materialisation, where the body functions as a central mediator. Analysing the findings from a qualitative experimental study on contemporary body ideals carried out by the Danish psychologists Josefine Dilling and Maja Trillingsgaard, this article seeks to anchor such theoretical claims in central empirical findings. The main conclusions from the study are used to structure the article and build arguments on how expectations and ideals expressed in an achievement society become embodied. In this article, we argue that certain behaviour connected to the attempt to attain contemporary female body ideals in Denmark can be understood as an act of achievement and, thus, as an embodiment of the culture of achievement, as it is characterised in Præstationssamfundet, written by the Danish sociologist Anders Petersen (2016) Hans Reitzels Forlag. Arguing from cultural psychological and sociological standpoints, this article examines how the human body functions as a mediational tool in different ways from which the individual communicates both moral and aesthetic sociocultural ideals and values. Complex processes of embodiment, we argue, can be described with different levels of internalisation, externalisation and materialisation, where the body functions as a central mediator. Analysing the findings from a qualitative experimental study on contemporary body ideals carried out by the Danish psychologists Josefine Dilling and Maja Trillingsgaard, this article seeks to anchor such theoretical claims in central empirical findings. The main conclusions from the study are used to structure the article and build arguments on how expectations and ideals expressed in an achievement society become embodied.

The study of dental diseases defines the most actual manifestation of their processes and it also determines etiological and pathogenic factors. The aim of the research. The aim of the research was to examine the hard tissues of the oral maxillofacial region of ​​the Golden Horde population, which is considered to be Polovtsian. Hard tissues and oral maxillofacial areas study of Polovtsian population presents the main topicality of the given research. These investigations have been carried out for the first time. The aim of the study was to identify the person against the background of the analysis of skeletal remains, to establish their affiliation to one or more individuals, to determine the probable age and sex, to diagnose and interpret pathologies found in human hard tissues. Object and methods of research. The study of the material was carried out by the method of skeletal tissue analysis of ancient people, developed by the authors of this paper on the basis of the Laboratory of Medical and Historical Anthropology of the Municipal Institution “Center for Protection and Research of Archaeological Monuments” Poltava Regional Administration and the Department of Pediatric Therapeutic Dentistry, UMSA. Results and discussion. 22 representatives of Polovtsian population of the Golden Horde time were studied (12 men and 10 women). The obtained results were compared with previously statistically processed results on the basis of the studied 157 representatives of the Middle Ages who lived on the territory of modern Ukraine and belonged to other communities of the Middle Ages. The total intensity of caries in the study group was 1.6 (according to modern indices - low). The intensity of caries in the group of women was 0.4 (according to modern indices - very low). In the group of men, the figure was 2.8 (according to modern indices - low). Dental mineralized deposits were found in 10 group members (six men, four women). Three women had deposits like “thin line” shape and one had shape so-called “hanging lump”. Three men had deposits as a “thin line” shape and three another ones had shape as an “hanging lump”. Other forms have not been identified. Torus was identified in one man. Conclusions. Data on the disease and features of the development of the oral maxillary area, which were compared with previously obtained results on the pathology of other communities of medieval times. No significant differences were found. The obtained indicators, concerning the peculiarities of development and pathology of hard tissues of teeth, the course of periodontal diseases in this group of Polovtsian population, completely coincide with previously published data on groups of the medieval population in the number of 157 skeletons found in modern Ukraine. This indicates the similarity of material and living conditions and the psycho-emotional state of the population at that time. Pathologies of the dental-maxillary region in representatives of different communities of the Middle Ages who lived in modern Ukraine are similar.

This article comments on: "Seeking the 'point of no return' in the sequence of events leading to mortality of mature trees" by Yakir Preisler et al. (2020), https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13942. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

espanolLa ciudadela (1938) de King Vidor, es una pelicula que narra la vida profesional del doctor Andrew Manson, desde su entusiasmado inicio como medico recien graduado en un pueblo minero en Gales, donde labora apasionadamente en diferentes casos sin importar las circunstancias, hasta su llegada a Londres donde ve distorsionado su proposito al adentrarse en la elite de la ciudad. Con la ayuda de su esposa Christine, tratara de recobrar el significado de la medicina. A traves del filme se exhibe la ligera linea que divide el buen ejercicio de la profesionalidad. Por ello, en el presente trabajo se reflexiona sobre la medicina como profesion, su relacion con la sociedad y se destaca la importancia de la educacion en humanidades para el fortalecimiento del discernimiento etico en los futuros profesionales en salud EnglishThe Citadel (1938) by King Vidor, is a film that narrates the professional life of Dr. Andrew Manson, from his enthusiastic start as a recently graduated doctor in a mining town in Wales, where he works passionately in different cases regardless of the circumstances, until his arrival in London where he sees his purpose distorted as he enters the elite of the city. With the help of his wife Christine, he will try to regain the meaning of medicine. Throughout the film the thin line that divides the good exercise of professionalism is exhibited. For this reason, this paper reflects on medicine as a profession, its relationship with society, and highlights the importance of education in the humanities for strengthening ethical discernment in future health professionals

Trade unions have a long history of transnational solidarity in different forms and flavours. Since the 1990s unions in Northern countries have increasingly established structural mechanisms to support their Southern counterparts, including through Official Development Assistance (ODA). As a consequence trade unions on both sides of the equator have started to adopt aid discourses and practices. We examine how the increased encapsulation of trade union internationalism within the global development paradigm is reshaping the relations between African and Northern unions. Based on empirical data across several African countries we argue that trade union development cooperation (TUDC) is not a one way street. African unions are not passive recipients of aid but have used ODA to address structural weaknesses such as a declining membership and consequential loss of funds. Nevertheless, TUDC in practice often translates into programmes driven by resource- and capacity building-logics. Both findings bring a layered understanding of the transformative potential of TUDC. ispartof: Globalizations vol:19 issue:1 pages:152-167 status: Published online

This work reports on the potentials of intensifying the industrially applied side-chain photochlorinations of toluene. The application of microstructured reactors enabled an acceleration of the overall reaction up to 10 times compared to batch reactors and up to 100 times compared to the literature. Unexpectedly, this acceleration is accompanied by a decreased selectivity with respect to the desired side-chain chlorinated products. In contradiction to the in general well established theory of photochlorinations, significant amounts of ring chlorinated species were detected. By applying dynamic irradiation conditions, not only the formation of ring-chlorinated products was suppressed but also the energy consumption could be reduced significantly.

At the beginning of the 20th century (1904-1908), a genocide took place where Herero and Nama people of the then German South West Africa (present day Namibia) were nearly completely decimated by German soldiers. Through the selected factional novels, Parts Unknown (2018) by Zirk Van Den Burg, The Lie of the Land (2017) David Jasper Utley, The Weeping Graves of Our Ancestors (2017) by Rukee Tjingaete, The Scattering (2016) by Lauri Kubuitsile, and Mama Namibia (2013) by Mari Serebrov, this article explores the literary reconstruction of this Herero Nama conflict of 1904 to 1908 with German as the aggressor. The paper considers the pragmatic disposition of the Herero Nama conflict with the Germans as presented from a fictional perspective (faction) and how it is relevant to the reconstruction of the Herero Nama history. Additionally, there are various art forms that specify new modes of expression for the reconstruction of the same historical event and this paper pays attention to some of these forms as presented in the selected texts. Through the analysis, it was found that the selected historical novels recreate the same event but from different angles yet several incidents emerging in the novels relate to the historical reality that is now reenacted through art. Through the analysis of the historical novels, the researchers also found that there seems to be a thin line between the imaginative literary works and the historical events that took place. Lastly, the selected novels demonstrate literature’s immediacy to recreate some critical arguments that are still unsolved even in present day Namibia about the general welfare of the people with the problems that are still linked to the nation’s history.

Theoretically, working excessively hard should be related negatively with well-being; however, the empirical literature does not consistently indicate that entrepreneurs are lower in well-being than people working in other jobs. The present article introduces a study of 101 entrepreneurs differentiating between different types of working hard: Workaholism and work engagement. While workaholism implies a work obsession, work engagement implies working hard in a fulfilling and positive way. Results indicate that workaholism is negatively and work engagement is positively related with well-being. Moreover, the negative relationships of workaholism are minimized by detaching from work during off-work hours.

PurposeWhile the past few decades have witnessed a substantial number of studies on public attitudes toward the police, a relatively thin line of inquiry has focused exclusively on low income urban Black-Americans, and especially street-identified Black populations. The purpose of this paper, however, is to examine trust in police amongst street-identified Black men and women.Design/methodology/approachRelying on a street participatory action research methodological approach, the authors collected survey data (N = 520) from two low-income unban Black neighborhoods, to examine the effects of an instrumental model versus an expressive model on procedural- and outcome-based trust in police.FindingsThe findings suggested a community sample of street-identified Black men and women were able to differentiate between procedural- and outcome-based trust. The instrumental model was better in predicting procedural-based trust in police, while the expressive model accounted better for outcome-based trust in police.Research limitations/implicationsImplications for street participatory action research methodology, future research and policy are also discussed.Originality/valueThis paper is an original manuscript.

Social media sites and platforms have grown in numbers with an enormous potential to reach and disseminate information in real time. They are impacting tremendously for better or for worse on the current practice of plastic surgery. As the demand for elective plastic surgery, in particular for aesthetic procedures, continues to rise, there is a need to determine the influence of social media advertisements and how it motivates the public to undergo cosmetic procedures. Most importantly, there is an urgent need to determine how the social media are impacting plastic surgery practice building and what is proper and efficient marketing while upholding ethics of the medical profession? A thorough PICO tool-based comprehensive literature search was conducted. Fifty-one peer-reviewed publications, 15 patient-centered, 33 provider-centered, and three combined patient/provider were identified to be relevant to the use of social media in plastic surgery and were selected for this review. Evidence on how social media influences the medical practice and helps in practice building remains scarce; nevertheless, reliance of plastic surgeons on social media to improve their practice has been increasing steadily. Social media may be a powerful tool to promote one's career. It presents, however, serious professional, legal, and ethical challenges including maintenance of professionalism and protecting patient confidentiality. If misused, it may be a quick way to end a plastic surgery practice. Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

The present article, addresses and discusses thin line between teasing, and violence in lower secondary school. The main aim of the study is to highlight and explore different types of “joking cultures” and lad cultures. This study draws from interviews with ninth grade students conducted at three schools in various geographic locations in Sweden. The results indicate that jokes and fighting for “fun” are recurrent in everyday school life and part of how boys conform in masculinity and homosocial relations. As part of conforming masculinity, boys are not expected to show pain and are expected to take part in homophobic teasing.

O corpo durante toda a história da humanidade foi objeto de inúmeras pesquisas, sejam elas históricas, filosóficas ou antropológicas. Esse corpo, nunca visto de forma homogênea, foi no decorrer da Idade Média, ao mesmo tempo, instrumento para a salvação da alma e um mecanismo para a prática do pecado pela satisfação dos desejos da carne, sendo representado de diversos modos nas iluminuras medievais. Nesse sentido, o artigo em questão tem como objetivo analisar a trajetória das representações acerca do corpo, principalmente o corpo feminino visto como herdeiro direto de Eva, cunhadas pelas filosofias pagãs, pelos discursos da Igreja cristã dos primeiros séculos, findando nos discursos medievais, visto que o mesmo esteve dividido por uma linha tênue.

A veces lo familiar puede convertirse en siniestro. Aquellas situaciones vividas antaño que pudieron ser, bien hogareñas, bien confortables, de repente pueden tornarse en pesadillas que, una y otra vez, vienen a golpear nuestras mentes, e incluso, martirizarlas. Maurizio Cattelan, en su obra Bidibidobidiboo (1996) [1] parece pretender acercarnos a recónditas zonas de sus más íntimos recuerdos, de sus más profundas experiencias, de sus más intensas vivencias. Muerte, angustia, desazón... son, entre otras muchas, algunas ideas que nos vienen a la mente cuando contemplamos su obra. Sea como fuere, no cabe duda de que su autor, con esta obra, consigue a la perfección que nos interroguemos sobre la misma, y que no consigamos marcar aquella delgada línea que separa lo impactante de lo siniestro.

A wide-band metamaterial perfect absorber was introduced. The dual arrow shapes and the ground plane were in between the 0.0035λ TLY-3. Lump element technique was applied to enhance the absorption bandwidth, which was connected between both of the arrow structures. The limitation during fabrication process in using lump element, had seriously restricted its practical applications for microwave absorption. Then, a very thin line was connected between both arrow structures to represent the resistance by lump element which was expected to ease the fabrication process and practical applications as well. Four cases were analyzed: double arrow, double arrow with lump connected, double arrow with lump connected and 9 mm air gap, and thin line connected with 6 mm air gap. The fourth case achieved the highest operational absorbency frequency, which developed about 7.38 GHz (3.87 GHz to 11.25 GHz) approximately to 7.38 GHz. Three resonant frequencies were achieved; 4.17 GHz, 6.09 GHz and 10.30 GHz with perfect absorbency. These properties are expected to be used in practical applications such as satellite and radar communications transmission. These properties of the metamaterial absorber could increase the functionality of the metamaterial absorber to be used in any application especially in reducing radar cross section for stealth application.

Drimia (synonym Urginea) plants are bulbous plants belonging to the family Asparagaceae (formerly the family Hyacinthaceae) and are distinctive, powerful medicinal plants. Just some species are indigenous to South Africa and have been traditionally utilized for centuries to cure various diseases and/or ailments. They have been recognized among the most famous and used medicinal plants in South Africa. Traditionally, the plants are used for various illnesses such as dropsy, respiratory disease, bone and joint complications, skin disorders, epilepsy and cancer. A number of studies have reported biological properties such as antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities. Their bulbs are a popular treatment for colds, measles, pneumonia, coughs, fever and headaches. However, some plant species are regarded as one of the six most common poisonous plants in Southern Africa that are toxic to livestock and humans. Due to the therapeutic effects of the Drimia plant bulb, research has focused on the phytochemicals of Drimia species. The principal constituents isolated from this genus are cardiac glycosides. In addition, phenolic compounds, phytosterols and other phytochemical constituents were identified. This study constitutes a critical review of Drimia species’ bioactive compounds, toxicology, biological properties and phytochemistry, advocating it as an important source for effective therapeutic medicine. For this purpose, various scientific electronic databases such as ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed and Web of Science were researched and reviewed to conduct this study. Despite well-studied biological investigations, there is limited research on the toxic properties and the toxic compounds of certain Drimia species. Searching from 2017 to 2021, Google Scholar search tools retrieved 462 publications; however, only 3 investigated the toxicity and safety aspects of Drimia. The aim was to identify the current scientific research gap on Drimia species, hence highlighting a thin line between poisonous and healing compounds, dotted across numerous publications, in this review paper.

The Lebanese political organization Hizbullah has developed its own style of commemorating ʿāshūrāʾ, the Shiʿi period of mourning in remembrance of the Battle of Karbalāʾ. Previous scholarship has analyzed Hizbullah’s ʿāshūrāʾ with prevailing conceptual binaries such as politics/religion, reason/tradition, or reason/emotion. This article challenges such binaries by looking at the series of speeches given by Hizbullah’s secretary general, Ḥasan Naṣrallāh, during the annual ʿāshūrāʾ rituals. Naṣrallāh’s oratory skills, and most importantly the careful structuring of the ten-day mourning event, show clearly that the production of reasoned arguments through speech involves the cultivation of intense emotions and states of consciousness. These are conducive not only to collective action and identity formation but also to ethical practices.

Koch's postulates and molecular Koch's postulates have made an indelible mark on how we study and classify microbes, particularly pathogens. However, rigid adherence to these historic postulates constrains our view of not only microbial pathogenesis but also host-microbe relationships in general. Collectively, the postulates imply that a "microbial pathogen" is a clearly identifiable organism with the exclusive capacity to elicit disease through an arsenal of pathogen-specific "virulence factors." This narrow definition has been repeatedly contradicted. Advances in DNA sequencing technologies and new experimental systems have revealed that the outcomes of host-microbe interactions are highly contextual and dynamic, especially those involving resident microbiota and variable aspects of host biology. Clarifying what differentiates pathogenic from non-pathogenic microbes, including their paradoxical ability to masquerade as one another, is critical to developing targeted diagnostics and treatments for infectious disease. Such endeavors will also inform the design of therapeutic strategies based on microbiome engineering by providing insights into how manipulating entire host-microbe systems may directly or indirectly alter the pathogenic potential of microbial communities. With these goals in mind, we discuss the need to develop experimental models that better capture the contexts that determine the nature of host-microbe relationships. To demonstrate the potential of one such model-the zebrafish and its resident microbiota-we describe recent work that has revealed the thin line between pathogenic and mutualistic relationships, how the intestine physically shapes bacterial populations and inflammation, and the ability of microbial transmission to override the host's innate immune system.

Download : Download high-res image (146KB) Download : Download full-size image Aaron Fyke has spent over 20 years creating and investing in successful energy technology companies. Aaron was the founder and CEO of Energy Cache, CEO of Edisun Heliostats, and is currently the co-founder of Energy Vault, creating the ubiquitous adoption of renewable energy. Aaron has been an adjunct lecturer at USC, Director of Energy Prize Development for the X PRIZE Foundation, a Partner at Starfish Ventures, and Managing Director of Thin Line Capital, investing in energy and sustainability solutions. Aaron earned his MBA and MSME at MIT and his BEng from the University of Victoria. He is a Professional Engineer in California.

Creativity, at times, flows freely amongst individuals. However, at other times, creativity waivers on the edge of meaning and nothingness. This manuscript explores Eastern and Western philosophies associated with void, the thin line between dialectical phenomena, and a space which opens up for creativity. These theories of creativity will be observed through a dance/movement therapy (DMT) paradigm examining the concept of stillness within movement and particularly within a DMT session. A brief review of the following phenomena will be considered: the fertile void, the dialectical edge, and potential space. Consideration will be given to the notion of stillness as a tool for creativity in DMT and supported by case vignettes.

dissemination as explored by Valli in this issue of Fennia. It discusses three main aspects of the approach. The first aspect relates to IBZM as being dissemination of result or an additional research method. The second focuses on the entanglements between representation and the potential tensions and conflicts that may arise when the workshop participants read interview transcripts from other members of the community. The third aspect focuses on interpretation and how to deal with the thin line between representation of research participants’ understandings of interview transcripts and the researcher’s interpretation and analysis of these.

Low-grade oncocytic tumor (LOT) of kidney is a newly emerging provisional renal tumor entity that carries good prognosis. Here we present a case of low grade oncocytic tumor of kidney in a 68-year-old male with detailed immunohistochemical and ultrastructural description, to add to the existing knowledge about this entity. The importance of documenting low-grade oncocytoma in the literature is its indolent clinical behavior, characteristics gross and microscopic, and immunohistochemical features. The diagnosis of low-grade oncocytoma can be suspected on morphological ground but should be confirmed by immunohistochemistry.

This chapter looks at how moving image-based public art is implicated in the social and economic marketing of Creative Cities and the neoliberal remaking of urban public spaces through urban light festivals. With a close reading of BLINK in Cincinnati and other similar projects, I examine how the light festival phenomenon that exploded in the 2010s walks a thin line between producing meaningful encounters with art and merely rendering the city into a playground and an image for consumption. This chapter examines the role of marketing, technology, and design in the production of these events as well as individual artistic practices within them. I argue that light festivals become interfaces within which the relationship between the material and projected city is continually negotiated.

Migration of parents, especially the mother, has greater effects on a family’s living arrangements in the country of origin. Due to migration, care arrangement for children is reconfigured where an alternative caregiver is identified for the migration period. This chapter examines the effects of childcare on relationships between migrant parents and non-migrant caregivers. A qualitative approach was adopted where 60 interviews were conducted between 30 migrants and their 30 non-migrant family members. Findings of the study revealed that although migrants identify care-givers they had good relations with before migration, misunderstandings on parenting approaches during the migration period affected their relationships negatively. There seems to be a thin line separating discipline and abuse, that in the end causes tension. What one may refer to as discipline and training children to be responsible, someone else may view as abuse. To avoid conflicts, some caregivers turn a blind eye to the mischievous behaviour of the children, that then causes children of migrant parents to be regarded as ill-mannered. It is therefore, crucial for migrants and non-migrant caregivers to find a common ground on parenting approaches so that the children can get the care and nurturing they require during the migration period.

This paper presents a convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify between the conventionally and organically cultivated Memecik varieties of green olives. The image forming method called the rising paper chromatography is utilized in preparing the images of Memecik varieties of green olives for CNN. In the rising chromatography method, 20, 30, and 40% sample concentrations were determined as the suitable concentrations for both organic and conventional olives. The concentrations of AgNO3 and FeSO4 were determined as 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1% for both conventional and organic samples. The visual differences used for differentiation of different types of Memecik green olives are usually determined according to the regional color differences, the vivid color occurrence, the width and the frequency of bowl occurrence, the thin line, and the picks at drop zone by the expert assessors. The testing results in this study verified the effectiveness of the CNN methodology in differentiating between the organically and conventionally cultivated Memecik green olives. The newly designed neural network achieved 100% accuracy. Furthermore, this high accuracy achieved by CNN might suggest that it can be effectively used in place of the expert assessors.

While research generally agrees on the informativeness of non-GAAP disclosure, evidence on managers' opportunistic non-GAAP reporting has been accumulated as well. Regulators and the press continue their worries about discretionary non-GAAP reporting and its implication on capital markets, even after SEC's several interventions. We explore how the markets price managers' opportunistic non-GAAP reporting and find that aggressive non-GAAP reporting of firms in the negative tail of GAAP earnings surprises and firms that fail to meet GAAP analysts forecast is rewarded in the capital market. Our result illustrates that the market may draw a thin line between non-GAAP's informativeness and opportunism.

We expect a lot from strangers, for instance, that the valet guy doesn’t steal our wheels, that the babysitter doesn’t abduct our children, and that the barista at Starbucks doesn’t poison our white chocolate mocha. But romantic relationships, friendships, parent-child relationships, and other varieties of intimate relationships introduce a whole new dimension to what we expect and demand of each other. It’s against the backdrop of our intimate relationships that we sign prenups, make custody agreements, write wills, and open joint bank accounts. But most of our interactions in intimate settings are shaped not by contractual agreements but by our preferences, core values, and prior expectations about how other people should behave. No wonder people embark on relationships with clashing concepts of what count as oversights, slights, betrayals, and unforgivable sins. Our differing expectations, preferences, and core values create ample opportunities for misunderstandings to arise and wreak havoc. It is not surprising, then, that antagonistic emotions, such as disrespect, resentment, hate, and contempt, are commonplace in intimate settings. But, as we will see, they are not equally toxic. Our intimate relationships can survive the torments of hate and resentment, but they crumple under the weight of disrespect and contempt.

Rationale: This article is concerned with the impact that hosting a sport mega-event has on regional development. Most academic literature on event-led development mainly deals with major international contests held in metropolitan areas. Unlike them, this research looks at a mega sporting event held in a small rural town and critically examines the economic and ecological impact of this event.Approach: To do so, it investigates the case of the 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang. This study chiefly rests upon secondary sources which include government documents including official statistics, civic organisations’ pamphlets, and media reports. While this may reduce the originality of this study, my synthesis of existing publications can offer an informative and critical account of the development project associated with the Winter Olympics.Findings: The main discoveries of this article include (1) the most development and construction projects associated with the PyeongChang Winter Olympics are too large and too expensive to sustain in the post-event setting; (2) the creation of neoliberalist leisure industry in PyeongChang is at odds with the surrounding local communities; (3) different interest groups clash amid a series of irresponsible Olympic development projects; and (4) within these problematic circumstances the construction firms enjoyed huge financial and reputational gains.Practical Implications: The construction corporations are the central players in the Olympic industry. There exists only a thin line between this Olympic Winter Games and a mega construction project. With the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics Games being awarded to Gangwon, it is necessary to observe carefully how this event will unfold in terms of the sustainability of the existing winter sports facilities built for the 2018 Winter Olympics.Research Contribution: This paper can be a useful addition to the academic literature on a sport mega-event held in a rural region.

Migration is simply the action or process of changing one’s place of residence permanently or temporarily. Migration can be voluntary or involuntary, though as some scholars would like to argue, very few people would take the risk of leaving their countries, homes, and communities and migrate to unknown places without being forced to do so by circumstances that are often beyond their control. Often the thin line between migration that is motivated by a sense of adventure and the search for greener pastures is blurred.

The decline in numbers of UK occupational health (OH) professionals has been well-documented as has the consequent reduction in research capacity [1,2]. In consequence, NHS OHservices have been pared to the bone, are lean, cost-effective and are accustomed to finding innovative ways to use the multi-disciplinary team as effectively and efficiently as possible. Indeed, in situations where they have not been able to do so, they have oftenbeen replaced by cheaper, privately-contracted services. The Covid-19 pandemic has put NHS staff in the spotlight as never before. The “front line” have received well-deserved praise and support from, among others, our government, politicians, professional athletes, celebrities and the Queen. However, the very thin line of NHS OH serviceshas needed to stretch to pick up completely new workloads: screening the health of staff for their risk of working in their existing roles; screening and on-boarding large numbers of volunteers and returners; and administering and reporting antigen test results to make return to work decisions. Our tertiary NHS Foundation Trust which provides care to 1.9 million locally and 3.7 million people regionallyhas 11,000 staff, all of whom were invited to submit “health notification” forms at the onset of the pandemic. On recruitment, everyone completes staff health screening so that the burden of unknown conditions was not expected to be massive but >1800 forms were returned by >16% of staff with undeclared diagnosesranging from recurrentmalignancy to cardiomyopathy and a large burden of diabetes, asthma and hypertension. With such overwhelming need for risk assessment, our safest approach was to triage everyone who had submitted a form as “at increased risk of complications”,pending an individualised risk assessment. Subsequently, a process needed developing to evaluateindividual risk according to the declared condition(s), medication(s) and/or complication(s), based on developingguidance from: the Faculty of Occupational Medicine [3]; royal colleges, professional societies and faculties; rapid reviews of available evidence and from the Association of Local Authority Medical Advisors (ALAMA) [4]. To start, the team of 5 (none working on this full-time)telephoned those 60 staff in the highest risk clinical areas e.g. emergency department andintensive care. Risk was graded as RED (equivalent to sheltering), AMBER (should not be working with COVID-19 positive patients, aerosol generating procedures or patients in whom COVID-19 status unknown and GREEN (risk not significantly greater than that of staff member without the health condition).Two things emerged quickly: clinical decision-making was generally quick and was mostly possible from the staff declarations, rarely overturned after a conversation (unless insufficient information was provided) and that the most time-consuming part was getting a telephone responseandmoving in and out of folders on the clunky, but secure, on-line server. Subsequently, calls were only made in cases of doubt or if we thought that the risk rating could be adjusted to “low” or needed to be “very high”. Templates were developed for each clinical area describing the controls needed for each risk rating, facilitating efficiency.With the refined process, 5 staff completed individualised risk assessments amongst >400 staff working in the most high-risk areas in 4 days. Telephone consultations with staff required skill, patience and an assessment of psychosocial factors and we encountered colleagues with similar conditions who were willing to remain in their acute role, despite a perceived higher risk of complications if they were to become infected, whist others were not. However, conversations were positive, rewarding and well-received. Staff feedback was tremendously appreciative of what was perceived as personal support from OH. We conservatively estimate that the workload in OH increased 20-fold since the pandemic. Our experiences show just how important it is that we retain the UK OH workforce, because of our ability to deal with assessment of unknown risk whilst exercising empathy and compassion.