74 results on '"Thomas WP"'
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2. Comparison of seroma production in breast conserving surgery with or without intraoperative radiotherapy as tumour bed boost
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Ebner, Florian, Schramm, Amelie, Bottke, Dirk, Friedl, Thomas WP, Wiegel, Thomas, Fink, Visnja, Lato, Kristian, Bekes, Inga, Janni, Wolfgang, and de Gregorio, Nikolaus
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- 2016
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3. Abstract P2-01-07: Detection of early-stage breast cancer recurrence using a personalised liquid biopsy-based sequencing approach
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Janni, Wolfgang, primary, Huober, Jens, additional, Huesmann, Sophia, additional, Pipinikas, Christodoulos, additional, Braun, Tatjana, additional, Müller, Volkmar, additional, Marsico, Giovanni, additional, Fink, Angelina, additional, Freire-Pritchett, Paula, additional, Koretz, Karin, additional, Knape, Charlene, additional, deGregorio, Amelie, additional, Rack, Brigitte, additional, Friedl, Thomas WP, additional, Wiesmueller, Lisa, additional, Möller, Peter, additional, Howarth, Karen, additional, Pantel, Klaus, additional, and Rosenfeld, Nitzan, additional
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- 2022
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4. Abstract P2-01-07: Detection of early-stage breast cancer recurrence using a personalised liquid biopsy-based sequencing approach
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Wolfgang Janni, Jens Huober, Sophia Huesmann, Christodoulos Pipinikas, Tatjana Braun, Volkmar Müller, Giovanni Marsico, Angelina Fink, Paula Freire-Pritchett, Karin Koretz, Charlene Knape, Amelie deGregorio, Brigitte Rack, Thomas WP Friedl, Lisa Wiesmueller, Peter Möller, Karen Howarth, Klaus Pantel, and Nitzan Rosenfeld
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Cancer Research ,Oncology - Abstract
BACKGROUNDDetection of minimal residual disease (MRD) using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) represents an attractive alternative to imaging, currently considered the gold standard in routine surveillance of early breast cancer (BrCa) following primary therapy. ctDNA has the potential to identify patients who may eventually develop distant metastatic disease and, as such, its implementation in the routine clinical follow-up setting may offer the means for earlier intervention for patients with oligometastatic disease and improved overall survival. However, due to the highly heterogeneous nature of the genomic alterations in BrCa, ultra-sensitive ctDNA assays are required for follow-up surveillance. Here we evaluate RaDaR™, a personalised liquid biopsy-based sequencing assay for the detection of residual disease and monitoring after standard treatment in early-stage BrCa. METHODS38 early-stage BrCa patients recruited through the BRandO BiO registry study were included (18% TNBC, 74% HR+/HER2-, 8% HER2+). 21 patients experienced clinical recurrence (13 distant and 8 local), with a median time to progression of 18.9 months. The remaining 17 case-control patients had no disease recurrence at the time of 3-year follow-up. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue from curative-intent surgery and selected variants were used to design personalised RaDaR panels (38-54 variants/panel: median 49). In total, 52 plasma samples were analyzed using RaDaR. This included samples taken at the time of recurrence and at 12-months post-diagnosis where available (33 samples from 21 patients), or in the case of no recurrence, samples taken at 3-year follow up, including one control case that had two additional samples analyzed at 12-months and 4-years of follow up (19 samples from 17 patients). RESULTSIn total, ctDNA was detected in 12/13 (92%) patients with distant recurrence and 3/8 (38%) patients with local recurrence at an estimated median variant allele frequency (VAF) of 0.827% (range: 0.0029% - 38%). The lowest levels were seen in the 3 patients with local recurrence (0.0029%, 0.0146% and 0.0248% VAF). Of the 6 patients negative for ctDNA, 5 had local and one distant recurrence of unusual histology, indicating a possible alternative origin or second primary tumor. Only one of the 17 control cases was positive for ctDNA (0.0085% VAF), from a patient with a Luminal A, stage I tumor, potentially indicating the presence of early molecular recurrence that precedes clinical progression. Two additional time points from this patient also showed positive ctDNA results, which could be indicative of residual disease remaining dormant. Of the 12 patients with disease recurrence for which an earlier plasma sample was available, 4 patients (3 with distant and one with local recurrence) had ctDNA detected at the earlier time point, a median of 92 days (range 42 – 308 days) prior to clinical recurrence. 3 patients had ctDNA detected only at the time of recurrence (one distant and 2 local). None of the 5 patients with ctDNA negative results at the time of recurrence had detectable ctDNA levels at the earlier timepoint. CONCLUSIONIn this real-world pilot study, the RaDaR assay detected the presence of ctDNA in plasma to levels as low as 0.0029% VAF. We found that ctDNA detection was strongly associated with distant recurrence in early-stage BrCa, with a sensitivity of 92% (12 of 13 cases detected). In a limited number of cases where samples were available prior to recurrence, ctDNA could be detected ahead of clinical progression, potentially offering the opportunity for earlier intervention. Citation Format: Wolfgang Janni, Jens Huober, Sophia Huesmann, Christodoulos Pipinikas, Tatjana Braun, Volkmar Müller, Giovanni Marsico, Angelina Fink, Paula Freire-Pritchett, Karin Koretz, Charlene Knape, Amelie deGregorio, Brigitte Rack, Thomas WP Friedl, Lisa Wiesmueller, Peter Möller, Karen Howarth, Klaus Pantel, Nitzan Rosenfeld. Detection of early-stage breast cancer recurrence using a personalised liquid biopsy-based sequencing approach [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-01-07.
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- 2022
5. Abstract PD3-12: Efficacy of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor lapatinib in the treatment of patients with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer and HER2-positive circulating tumor cells - results from the randomized phase III DETECT III trial
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Fehm, Tanja, primary, Mueller, Volkmar, additional, Banys-Paluchowski, Maggie, additional, Fasching, Peter A, additional, Friedl, Thomas WP, additional, Hartkopf, Andreas, additional, Huober, Jens, additional, Loehberg, Christian, additional, Rack, Brigitte, additional, Riethdorf, Sabine, additional, Schneeweiss, Andreas, additional, Wallwiener, Diethelm, additional, Meier-Stiegen, Franziska, additional, Hoffmann, Oliver, additional, Müller, Lothar, additional, Wimberger, Pauline, additional, Ruckhaeberle, Eugen, additional, Blohmer, Jens, additional, and Janni, Wolfgang, additional
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- 2021
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6. Abstract PS2-02: Prognostic relevance of the HER2 status of circulating tumor cells in metastatic breast cancer patients screened for participation in the DETECT study program
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Müller, Volkmar, primary, Banys-Paluchowski, Maggie, additional, Friedl, Thomas WP, additional, Fasching, Peter A, additional, Schneeweiss, Andreas, additional, Hartkopf, Andreas, additional, Wallwiener, Diethelm, additional, Rack, Brigitte, additional, Meier-Stiegen, Franziska, additional, Huober, Jens, additional, Rübner, Matthias, additional, Hoffmann, Oliver, additional, Müller, Lothar, additional, Janni, Wolfgang, additional, Wimberger, Pauline, additional, Jäger, Bernadette, additional, Pantel, Klaus, additional, Harbeck, Nadia, additional, and Fehm, Tanja, additional
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- 2021
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7. 295 Accumulation of 53BP1 in circulating tumor cells during treatment with eribulin identifies chemotherapy-responsive metastatic breast cancer patients
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Schochter, Fabienne, primary, Werner, Kim, additional, Köstler, Cäcilia, additional, Müller, Volkmar, additional, Neubauer, Hans, additional, Fehm, Tanja, additional, Friedl, Thomas WP, additional, Polzer, Bernhard, additional, Janni, Wolfgang, additional, and Wiesmüller, Lisa, additional
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- 2020
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8. Abstract OT2-01-03: DETECT V - Comparison of dual HER2-targeted therapy with trastuzumab and pertuzumab plus CDK4/6 inhibition in combination with either chemo- or endocrine therapy in patients with HER2-positive and hormone-receptor positive metastatic breast cancer
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Friedl, Thomas WP, primary, Krause, Sabrina, additional, Fehm, Tanja, additional, Fasching, Peter A, additional, Schneeweiss, Andreas, additional, Müller, Volkmar, additional, Riethdorf, Sabine, additional, Pantel, Klaus, additional, Taran, Florin-Andrei, additional, Polasik, Arkadius, additional, Tzschaschel, Marie, additional, de Gregorio, Amelie, additional, Meier-Stiegen, Franziska, additional, Janni, Wolfgang, additional, and Huober, Jens, additional
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- 2020
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9. Abstract P4-01-01: Presence of circulating tumor cells in high-risk early breast cancer do not predict site of metastatic lesions - Results of the SUCCESS A trial
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Trapp, Elisabeth Katharina, primary, Fasching, Peter A, additional, Fehm, Tanja, additional, Schneeweiss, Andreas, additional, Mueller, Volkmar, additional, Harbeck, Nadia, additional, Lorenz, R., additional, Schumacher, Claudia, additional, Heinrich, Georg, additional, deGregorio deGregorio, Amelie, additional, Tzschaschel, Marie, additional, Bekes, Inga, additional, Scholz, Christoph, additional, Rack, Brigitte, additional, Janni, Wolfgang, additional, and Friedl, Thomas WP, additional
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- 2020
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10. Abstract OT3-18-01: Detect III/IV study trial - The multicenter study program in patients with HER2-negative MBC and circulating tumor cells
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Krause, Sabrina, primary, Friedl, Thomas WP, additional, Fasching, Peter A, additional, Schneeweiss, Andreas, additional, Müller, Volkmar, additional, Riethdorf, Sabine, additional, Pantel, Klaus, additional, Taran, Florin-Andrei, additional, Polasik, Arkadius, additional, Tzschaschel, Marie, additional, de Gregorio, Amelie, additional, Meier-Stiegen, Franziska, additional, Huober, Jens, additional, Janni, Wolfgang, additional, and Fehm, Tanja, additional
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- 2020
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11. Acute onset of pulmonary necrotising arteritis in a dog with a left-to-right patent ductus arteriosus
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Thomas Wp, Gavaghan Bj, and Lapointe Jm
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Lung Diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hypertension, Pulmonary ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Nitric oxide ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Dogs ,Fatal Outcome ,Ductus arteriosus ,Oxygen therapy ,Internal medicine ,Animals ,Medicine ,Dog Diseases ,Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ,Lung ,Antihypertensive Agents ,General Veterinary ,Histocytochemistry ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Hydralazine ,medicine.disease ,Pulmonary hypertension ,Echocardiography, Doppler, Color ,Polyarteritis Nodosa ,Blood pressure ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Acute Disease ,cardiovascular system ,Cardiology ,Female ,Radiography, Thoracic ,business ,Ligation ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A 12-week-old, clinically normal Chihuahua was referred for investigation for a continuous heart murmur. Cardiac evaluation revealed an anatomically and haemodynamically typical left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus. The continuous wave Doppler measurement of peak ductal jet velocity of 5.6 m/s was suggestive of a normal pulmonary to systemic arterial pressure ratio. The dog returned 16 days later with right heart failure and severe pulmonary hypertension. Marked reduction in left-to-right shunting was demonstrated and the ductal jet velocity had decreased to 2.5 m/s. Immediate ductus ligation, oxygen therapy before and after the operation, and administration of hydralazine failed to reduce pulmonary hypertension, and the dog was euthanased. Histopathological examination of the lung showed pulmonary necrotising arteritis with acute and chronic arterial lesions. Chronic pulmonary vascular changes related to high flow have been associated with altered nitric oxide and endothelin responses. These changes may be responsible for the acute onset of pulmonary hypertension due to relatively minor vascular insults in some human and veterinary patients with left-to-right shunts. The potential for acute progression supports the recommendations for early ductus ligation and the prognostic importance of detecting pulmonary hypertension presurgically in patent ductus arteriosus patients.
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- 1998
12. The influence of obesity on survival in early, high-risk breast cancer: results from the randomized SUCCESS A trial
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Widschwendter, Peter, primary, Friedl, Thomas WP, additional, Schwentner, Lukas, additional, DeGregorio, Nikolaus, additional, Jaeger, Bernadette, additional, Schramm, Amelie, additional, Bekes, Inga, additional, Deniz, Miriam, additional, Lato, Krisztian, additional, Weissenbacher, Tobias, additional, Kost, Bernd, additional, Andergassen, Ulrich, additional, Jueckstock, Julia, additional, Neugebauer, Julia, additional, Trapp, Elisabeth, additional, Fasching, Peter A., additional, Beckmann, Matthias W., additional, Schneeweiss, Andreas, additional, Schrader, Ines, additional, Rack, Brigitte, additional, Janni, Wolfgang, additional, and Scholz, Christoph, additional
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- 2015
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13. Abstract P4-01-16: Detection of EMT, anoikis and stem cell markers in metastatic breast cancer patients under different lines of treatment
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Trapp, Elisabeth K, primary, Rack, Brigitte, additional, Majunke, Leonie, additional, Koch, Julian, additional, Hofmann, Simone, additional, Friedl, Thomas WP, additional, Neugebauer, Julia, additional, Jückstock, Julia, additional, Jäger, Bernadette, additional, Huober, Jens, additional, Janni, Wolfgang, additional, and Alunni-Fabbroni, Marianna, additional
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- 2015
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14. Abstract P4-01-08: Persistence of circulating tumor cells immediately after and two years after systemic adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with early breast cancer – Results of the German SUCCESS trials
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Jaeger, Bernadette AS, primary, Andergassen, Ulrich, additional, Neugebauer, Julia K, additional, Alunni-Fabbroni, Marianna, additional, Melcher, Carola A, additional, Hagenbeck, Carsten, additional, Albrecht, Susanne, additional, Lorenz, Ralf, additional, Decker, Thomas, additional, Heinrich, Georg, additional, Fehm, Tanja, additional, Schneeweiss, Andreas, additional, Beckmann, Matthias W, additional, Pantel, Klaus, additional, Friese, Klaus, additional, Fasching, Peter A, additional, Friedl, Thomas WP, additional, Janni, Wolfgang, additional, and Rack, Brigitte K, additional
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- 2015
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15. Abstract OT1-2-03: The DETECT-study concept: Treatment based on the phenotype of circulating tumor cells in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer
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Jaeger, Bernadette AS, primary, Albrecht, Susanne, additional, Schochter, Fabienne, additional, Melcher, Carola A, additional, Hagenbeck, Carsten, additional, Friedl, Thomas WP, additional, Rack, Brigitte, additional, Müller, Volkmar, additional, Fasching, Peter A, additional, Janni, Wolfgang, additional, and Fehm, Tanja, additional
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- 2015
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16. Acute onset of pulmonary necrotising arteritis in a dog with a left-to-right patent ductus arteriosus
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GAVAGHAN, BJ, primary, LAPOINTE, J-M, additional, and THOMAS, WP, additional
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- 1998
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17. A Concise Enantioselective Approach to Quassinoids.
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Thomas WP and Pronin SV
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A synthetic approach to quassinoids is described. The route to the tetracyclic core relies on an efficient and selective annulation between two unsaturated carbonyl components that is initiated by catalytic hydrogen atom transfer from an iron hydride to an alkene. Application of this strategy allows for enantioselective synthesis of quassin, which is prepared in 14 steps from commercially available starting material.
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- 2022
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18. Reduced Repetition Suppression in Aging is Driven by Tau-Related Hyperactivity in Medial Temporal Lobe.
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Adams JN, Maass A, Berron D, Harrison TM, Baker SL, Thomas WP, Stanfill M, and Jagust WJ
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- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease diagnostic imaging, Alzheimer Disease psychology, Amyloid beta-Peptides metabolism, Entorhinal Cortex diagnostic imaging, Female, Hippocampus diagnostic imaging, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Positron-Emission Tomography, Repetition Priming, Tauopathies diagnostic imaging, Tauopathies psychology, Temporal Lobe metabolism, Young Adult, tau Proteins metabolism, Aging physiology, Temporal Lobe physiology, tau Proteins genetics
- Abstract
Tau deposition begins in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and MTL neural dysfunction is commonly observed in these groups. However, the association between tau and MTL neural activity has not been fully characterized. We investigated the effects of tau on repetition suppression, the reduction of activity for repeated stimulus presentations compared to novel stimuli. We used task-based functional MRI (fMRI) to assess MTL subregional activity in 21 young adults (YA) and 45 cognitively normal human older adults (OA; total sample: 37 females, 29 males). AD pathology was measured with position emission tomography (PET), using
18 F-Flortaucipir for tau and11 C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) for amyloid-β (Aβ). The MTL was segmented into six subregions using high-resolution structural images. We compared the effects of low tau pathology, restricted to entorhinal cortex and hippocampus (Tau- OA), to high tau pathology, also occurring in temporal and limbic regions (Tau+ OA). Low levels of tau (Tau- OA vs YA) were associated with reduced repetition suppression activity specifically in anterolateral entorhinal cortex (alEC) and hippocampus, the first regions to accumulate tau. High tau pathology (Tau+ vs Tau- OA) was associated with widespread reductions in repetition suppression across MTL. Further analyses indicated that reduced repetition suppression was driven by hyperactivity to repeated stimuli, rather than decreased activity to novel stimuli. Increased activation was associated with entorhinal tau, but not Aβ. These findings reveal a link between tau deposition and neural dysfunction in MTL, in which tau-related hyperactivity prevents deactivation to repeated stimuli, leading to reduced repetition suppression. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Abnormal neural activity occurs in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because tau pathology first deposits in the MTL in aging, this altered activity may be due to local tau pathology, and distinct MTL subregions may be differentially vulnerable. We demonstrate that in older adults (OAs) with low tau pathology, there are focal alterations in activity in MTL subregions that first develop tau pathology, while OAs with high tau pathology have aberrant activity throughout MTL. Tau was associated with hyperactivity to repeated stimulus presentations, leading to reduced repetition suppression, the discrimination between novel and repeated stimuli. Our data suggest that tau deposition is related to abnormal activity in MTL before the onset of cognitive decline., (Copyright © 2021 the authors.)- Published
- 2021
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19. New Methods and Strategies in the Synthesis of Terpenoid Natural Products.
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Thomas WP and Pronin SV
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- Biological Products chemistry, Cycloaddition Reaction, Molecular Conformation, Stereoisomerism, Terpenes chemistry, Biological Products chemical synthesis, Terpenes chemical synthesis
- Abstract
Indoloterpenoids of the paxilline type belong to a large family of secondary metabolites that exhibit unique molecular architectures and a diverse set of biological activities. More than 100 congeners identified to date share a common structural motif that contains an indole moiety fused to a rearranged diterpenoid fragment. The representative physiological and cellular effects attributed to this family of natural products include neurological and insecticidal activities, modulation of lipid balance, and inhibition of mitosis. The uniting polycyclic motif combined with the diversity of individual structural features of paxilline indoloterpenoids and the broad scope of their biological activities have fascinated organic chemists for the past four decades and have led to the development of numerous syntheses. In this Account, we describe our contributions to this field and how they in turn shape new directions that are developing in our laboratory.We begin with the discussion of our strategy for the synthesis of the shared indoloterpenoid core. To address stereochemical challenges encountered in earlier reports, we planned to leverage a suitably substituted cyclopentanone in a polycyclization to form the desired trans -decalin motif. This polycyclization relied on a radical-polar crossover cascade initiated by hydrogen atom transfer. The original process exhibited poor diastereoselectivity, but we discovered an efficient solution to this problem that took advantage of intramolecular tethering effects, culminating in short synthesis of emindole SB. During these studies, we also identified indium-mediated alkenylation of silyl enol ethers with alkynes as a suitable method for the synthesis of highly substituted β,γ-unsaturated ketones that was critical to achieving brevity of our route. We subsequently developed a catalytic version of this transformation that allowed for a formal bimolecular ene reaction that exhibited unusual and potentially useful selectivity in construction of quaternary centers.To test the scope and limitations of our approach to paxilline indoloterpenoids and identify potential improvements, we developed a synthesis of the more complex congener nodulisporic acid C. The convergent assembly of this natural product was enabled by identification of new elements of stereocontrol in the radical-polar crossover polycyclization en route to the polycyclic terpenoid motif and development of a highly diastereoselective enyne cycloisomerization to access the indenopyran motif and a ketone arylation protocol to unite the two complex fragments.In subsequent studies, we expanded the radical-polar crossover cascade underlying our approach to paxilline indoloterpenoids to a bimolecular setting, which allowed for annulation of two unsaturated carbonyl components to produce functionalized cyclohexanes. This transformation is particularly well suited for installation of fully substituted carbons and can be complementary to the venerable Diels-Alder reaction. The utility of the new annulation was tested in the synthesis of forskolin, allowing for rapid construction of the complex polycyclic motif in this densely functionalized labdane diterpenoid.Over the past five years, our initial forays into the synthesis of paxilline indoloterpenoids have grown into a program that incorporates development of new synthetic methods and pursues artificial assembly of terpenoid natural products from several different families. We are encouraged by the increasing diversity of structural motifs made accessible by application of this chemistry and continue to discover new aspects of the underlying reactivity.
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- 2021
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20. A Radical-Polar Crossover Annulation To Access Terpenoid Motifs.
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Thomas WP, Schatz DJ, George DT, and Pronin SV
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- Colforsin chemical synthesis, Colforsin chemistry, Stereoisomerism, Terpenes chemistry
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A new catalytic radical-polar crossover annulation between two unsaturated carbonyl compounds is described. The annulation proceeds under exceptionally mild conditions and provides direct and expedient access to complex terpenoid motifs. Application of this chemistry allows for synthesis of forskolin, a densely functionalized terpenoid, in 14 steps from commercially available material.
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- 2019
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21. Pulmonary artery dissection in eight dogs with patent ductus arteriosus.
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Scansen BA, Simpson EM, López-Alvarez J, Thomas WP, Bright JM, Eason BD, Rush JE, Dukes-McEwan J, Green HW 3rd, Cunningham SM, Visser LC, Kent AM, and Schober KE
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- Aortic Dissection complications, Aortic Dissection diagnosis, Animals, Balloon Occlusion veterinary, Cardiac Catheterization veterinary, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Dog Diseases therapy, Dogs, Ductus Arteriosus, Patent complications, Ductus Arteriosus, Patent diagnosis, Echocardiography veterinary, Female, Male, Pulmonary Artery pathology, Radiography, Thoracic veterinary, Retrospective Studies, Aortic Dissection veterinary, Dog Diseases diagnosis, Ductus Arteriosus, Patent veterinary
- Abstract
Objectives: To describe a series of dogs with pulmonary artery dissection and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)., Animals: Eight dogs., Methods: Retrospective case series., Results: Pulmonary artery dissection was diagnosed in 8 dogs, 3 were Weimaraners. Four dogs presented in left-sided congestive heart failure, 4 presented for murmur evaluation and without clinical signs, and 1 presented in right-sided congestive heart failure. In 7 dogs the dissection was first documented concurrent with a diagnosis of uncorrected PDA. In the other dog, with pulmonary valve stenosis and PDA, the dissection was observed on autopsy examination 17 months after balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty and ductal closure. Median age at presentation for the 7 dogs with antemortem diagnosis of pulmonary artery dissection was 3.5 years (range, 1.5-4 years). Three dogs had the PDA surgically ligated, 2 dogs did not undergo PDA closure, 1 dog failed transcatheter occlusion of the PDA with subsequent surgical ligation, 1 dog underwent successful transcatheter device occlusion of the PDA, and 1 dog had the PDA closed by transcatheter coil delivery 17 months prior to the diagnosis of pulmonary artery dissection. The 2 dogs that did not have the PDA closed died 1 and 3 years after diagnosis due to heart failure., Conclusions: Pulmonary artery dissection is a potential complication of PDA in dogs, the Weimaraner breed may be at increased risk, presentation is often in mature dogs, and closure of the PDA can be performed and appears to improve outcome., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2015
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22. Two-dimensionally-guided M-mode and pulsed wave Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of the ventricles of apparently healthy cats.
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Petrič AD, Rishniw M, and Thomas WP
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- Animals, Echocardiography, Doppler methods, Female, Male, Cats anatomy & histology, Cats physiology, Echocardiography, Doppler veterinary, Heart Ventricles anatomy & histology, Ventricular Function physiology
- Abstract
Objective: To determine two-dimensionally-guided (2D-guided) M-mode and pulsed-wave (PW) Doppler echocardiographic reference intervals range of healthy non-sedated cats., Animals: Fifty-three healthy, unsedated domestic cats., Materials and Methods: Cats were interrogated via standard imaging planes with 2D-guided PW Doppler, using 5.0 and 7.5 MHz duplex imaging transducers. Left ventricular (LV) M-mode measurements and intracardiac PW Doppler data were acquired using ACVIM guidelines for echocardiography. Doppler variables of the same region, measured from different views, were compared for agreement where appropriate. Descriptive statistics were provided for all measured variables. Statistical comparisons of selected M-mode and PW Doppler echocardiographic variables and correlations with weight or age were made, with significance set at P < 0.01., Results: Most cats (42/51) had diastolic LV septal and posterior wall diastolic dimensions <4.5 mm (maximum = 5.7 mm). Only septal diastolic wall dimension correlated weakly with body weight (ρ = 0.36). Median peak transvalvular velocities (m/s) were: aorta 1.04 (range: 0.77-1.40); LV inflow 0.60 (range: 0.43-0.95) (E wave), 0.47 (range: 0.32-0.76) (A wave), RV inflow 0.56 (range: 0.37-0.85), pulmonic valve (right) 0.96 (range: 0.65-1.21). For mitral valve inflow, the E and A waves were usually separately measurable at heart rates ≈ <180/min, merging into a single diastolic wave (EA) at heart rates ≈ >190/min. Peak E wave velocity correlated with heart rate. No variables correlated with age., Conclusions: Our study provides comprehensive 2D-guided echocardiographic M-mode and PW Doppler reference data for apparently healthy cats., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2012
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23. Congenital supravalvular mitral stenosis in 14 cats.
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Campbell FE and Thomas WP
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- Animals, Cats, Echocardiography veterinary, Electrocardiography veterinary, Female, Heart Atria abnormalities, Heart Defects, Congenital diagnostic imaging, Heart Defects, Congenital pathology, Male, Radiography, Cat Diseases pathology, Heart Defects, Congenital veterinary
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Objectives: To describe the clinical features of congenital supravalvular mitral stenosis (SVMS) in cats., Background: Supravalvular mitral stenosis is an uncommon congenital cardiac defect that has not been previously reported in a series of cats., Animals: 14 cats with SVMS., Methods: Medical records, relevant diagnostic studies and preserved pathology specimens were reviewed., Results: Cats were presented over a wide age range (5 months-10 years; median 3 years); males (n = 9) and the Siamese breed were over-represented. Presenting complaints included respiratory distress (n = 6), hindlimb paralysis due to aortic thromboembolism (n = 5) and asymptomatic heart murmur (n = 3). Echocardiographic examination often identified pulmonary hypertension (PHT) (n = 7) and concurrent cardiac abnormalities (n = 7), especially partial atrioventricular septal defect (PAVSD) (n = 4). Status 12 months following diagnosis was known for 9 cats; 8 of these had died or were euthanized., Conclusions: Cats with SVMS are usually presented as young adults for respiratory signs attributable to congestive heart failure, aortic thromboembolism or incidental murmur identification. Congestive heart failure, PHT and concurrent congenital cardiac abnormalities (specifically PAVSD) are common. Long-term prognosis for symptomatic cats is poor., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2012
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24. Coil embolization of patent ductus arteriosus via the carotid artery in seven dogs.
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Miller SJ and Thomas WP
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- Animals, Carotid Arteries, Dogs surgery, Ductus Arteriosus, Patent diagnosis, Ductus Arteriosus, Patent therapy, Echocardiography, Doppler veterinary, Embolization, Therapeutic methods, Femoral Artery, Dog Diseases therapy, Ductus Arteriosus, Patent veterinary, Embolization, Therapeutic veterinary
- Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility and limitations of transcatheter embolization coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus in dogs using a carotid artery approach. Seven dogs examined at the University of California, Davis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital in 2002-2003 for evaluation of heart disease had congenital patent ductus arteriosus diagnosed by characteristic physical, electrocardiographic, radiographic, and anatomic and Doppler echocardiographic findings. Dogs were anesthetized for transesophageal echocardiography and transcatheter coil embolization of the ductus via the right external carotid artery. Coil embolization was achieved in all seven cases, using one to four detachable embolization coils. There were no major complications. Minor complications occurred in two dogs (additional coils placed using a femoral arterial approach and coil embolization of a left femoral artery branch). One dog was examined only 24 h post-operatively and had no murmur and trivial residual ductal flow by Doppler echocardiography. The other 6 dogs were clinically healthy when examined up to three years post-intervention. One dog had a very soft continuous murmur and mild residual ductal flow; the other five had no audible continuous murmur, with only one dog having trivial residual ductal flow identified by Doppler echocardiography. Although technically challenging, coil embolization via the carotid artery is a viable alternative approach for transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus in some dogs.
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- 2009
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25. Infective endocarditis in a dog and the phylogenetic relationship of the associated "Bartonella rochalimae" strain with isolates from dogs, gray foxes, and a human.
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Henn JB, Gabriel MW, Kasten RW, Brown RN, Koehler JE, MacDonald KA, Kittleson MD, Thomas WP, and Chomel BB
- Subjects
- Animals, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Bartonella genetics, Bartonella Infections microbiology, Cluster Analysis, DNA Fingerprinting, DNA, Bacterial chemistry, DNA, Bacterial genetics, DNA, Ribosomal Spacer chemistry, DNA, Ribosomal Spacer genetics, Dogs, Endocarditis microbiology, Foxes, Humans, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Bartonella classification, Bartonella isolation & purification, Bartonella Infections veterinary, Dog Diseases microbiology, Endocarditis veterinary
- Abstract
The first case of canine endocarditis caused by "Bartonella rochalimae" is reported. By PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, sequence, and phylogenetic analyses, Bartonella isolates from a dog with endocarditis, 22 gray foxes, and three dogs, described as B. clarridgeiae like, were confirmed to belong to the new species "B. rochalimae," suggesting canids as the natural reservoir.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Congenital mitral stenosis, subvalvular aortic stenosis, and congestive heart failure in a duck.
- Author
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Mitchell EB, Hawkins MG, Orvalho JS, and Thomas WP
- Subjects
- Animals, Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular complications, Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular diagnosis, Fatal Outcome, Female, Heart Failure diagnosis, Heart Failure etiology, Mitral Valve Stenosis complications, Mitral Valve Stenosis diagnosis, Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular veterinary, Ducks, Heart Failure veterinary, Mitral Valve Stenosis veterinary, Poultry Diseases diagnosis
- Abstract
A 2.6-year-old duck was evaluated for respiratory difficulty. On the basis of physical, radiographic and echocardiographic findings, a diagnosis of congestive heart failure secondary to congenital mitral stenosis and subvalvular aortic stenosis was made. The duck did not respond well to medical therapy and was euthanized. The diagnosis was confirmed at necropsy.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Applications, complications, and outcomes of transvenous pacemaker implantation in 105 dogs (1997-2002).
- Author
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Wess G, Thomas WP, Berger DM, and Kittleson MD
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Female, Heart Block therapy, Male, Pacemaker, Artificial adverse effects, Sick Sinus Syndrome therapy, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Dog Diseases therapy, Heart Block veterinary, Pacemaker, Artificial veterinary, Sick Sinus Syndrome veterinary
- Abstract
We reviewed the indications for age and breeds of dogs who received transvenous endocardial artificial pacemaker (AP) implantation (n = 105) and complications and survival thereafter at a single institution over a 6-year period. A third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block (59%) and sick sinus syndrome (SSS; 27%) were the most common indications, along with a high-grade second-degree AV block (9%) and atrial standstill (5%). The most common breeds identified were Labrador Retriever (n = 16; 11 with a third-degree AV block), American Cocker Spaniel (n = 14; 10 with SSS), and Miniature Schnauzer (n = 13; all with SSS). Common presenting complaints were syncope (n = 66) and exercise intolerance or lethargy (n = 25). Half of the dogs (n = 52) had a history of acute onset of clinical signs (<2 weeks). Mean survival time for the 60 dogs who died during the study period was 2.2 years (range, 0.1-5.8 years). Major complications occurred in 13% of dogs and included lead displacement (n = 7), sensing problems that led to syncope (n = 3), infection at the pacemaker site (n = 1), bleeding (n = 1), and ventricular fibrillation during implantation (n = 1; successfully defibrillated). Minor complications occurred in 11 dogs (11%). The success rate of transvenous AP implantation was comparatively high (all dogs survived the first 48 hours), and the complication rate was comparatively low when compared with a previous multicenter study, most likely because of how commonly the procedure was performed and supervisory experience.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Outer chain N-glycans are required for cell wall integrity and virulence of Candida albicans.
- Author
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Bates S, Hughes HB, Munro CA, Thomas WP, MacCallum DM, Bertram G, Atrih A, Ferguson MA, Brown AJ, Odds FC, and Gow NA
- Subjects
- Candida albicans genetics, Candida albicans pathogenicity, Glycosylation, Mannosyltransferases genetics, Mannosyltransferases metabolism, Methylation, Mutation, Virulence, Candida albicans metabolism, Cell Wall metabolism, Epitopes metabolism, Polysaccharides metabolism
- Abstract
The outer layer of the Candida albicans cell wall is enriched in highly glycosylated mannoproteins that are the immediate point of contact with the host and strongly influence the host-fungal interaction. N-Glycans are the major form of mannoprotein modification and consist of a core structure, common to all eukaryotes, that is further elaborated in the Golgi to form the highly branched outer chain that is characteristic of fungi. In yeasts, outer chain branching is initiated by the action of the alpha1,6-mannosyltransferase Och1p; therefore, we disrupted the C. albicans OCH1 homolog to determine the importance of outer chain N-glycans on the host-fungal interaction. Loss of CaOCH1 resulted in a temperature-sensitive growth defect and cellular aggregation. Outer chain elongation of N-glycans was absent in the null mutant, demonstrated by the lack of the alpha1,6-linked polymannose backbone and the underglycosylation of N-acetylglucosaminidase. A null mutant lacking OCH1 was hypersensitive to a range of cell wall perturbing agents and had a constitutively activated cell wall integrity pathway. These mutants had near normal growth rates in vitro but were attenuated in virulence in a murine model of systemic infection. However, tissue burdens for the Caoch1delta null mutant were similar to control strains with normal N-glycosylation, suggesting the host-fungal interaction was altered such that high burdens were tolerated. This demonstrates the importance of N-glycan outer chain epitopes to the host-fungal interaction and virulence.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Immediate and late outcomes of transarterial coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus in dogs.
- Author
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Campbell FE, Thomas WP, Miller SJ, Berger D, and Kittleson MD
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Ductus Arteriosus, Patent surgery, Embolization, Therapeutic adverse effects, Embolization, Therapeutic veterinary, Intraoperative Complications veterinary, Postoperative Complications veterinary, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Dog Diseases surgery, Ductus Arteriosus, Patent veterinary
- Abstract
Records from dogs (n = 125) that underwent attempted transarterial coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) at the University of California, Davis, between 1998 and 2003, were reviewed, and a subset of these dogs (n = 31) in which the procedure was performed at least 12 months earlier were reexamined to determine long-term outcome. Coil implantation was achieved in 108 dogs (86%). Despite immediate complete ductal closure in only 34% of dogs, the procedure was hemodynamically successful as evidenced by a reduction in indexed left ventricular internal diameter in diastole (LVIDd; P < .0001), fractional shortening (P < .0001), and left atrial to aortic ratio (LA: Ao; P = .022) within 24 hours. Complete ductal closure was documented in 61% of dogs examined 12 to 63 months after coil occlusion. Long-standing residual ductal flow in the other 39% of dogs was not associated with increased indexed LVIDd or LA: Ao and was not hemodynamically relevant. Repeat intervention was deemed advisable in only 4 dogs with persistent (n = 1) or recurrent (n = 3) ductal flow. Complications included aberrant embolization (n = 27), death (n = 3), ductal reopening (n = 3), transient hemoglobinuria (n = 2), hemorrhage (n = 1), aberrant coil placement (n = 1), pulmonary hypertension (n = 1), and skin abscessation (n = 1). Serious infectious complications did not occur despite antibiotic administration to only 40% of these dogs. Transarterial coil occlusion was not possible in 14 dogs (11%) because of coil instability in the PDA and was associated with increased indexed minimum ductal diameter (P = .03), LVIDd (P = .0002), LVIDs (P = 0.001), and congestive left heart failure (P = .03) reflecting a relatively large shunt volume.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Runaway pacemaker in a dog.
- Author
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Thomas WP and Campbell FE
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Male, Dog Diseases therapy, Equipment Failure veterinary, Heart Block veterinary, Pacemaker, Artificial veterinary
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Echocardiographic diagnosis of congenital membranous ventricular septal aneurysm in the dog and cat.
- Author
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Thomas WP
- Subjects
- Aneurysm congenital, Aneurysm diagnosis, Aneurysm diagnostic imaging, Animals, Cat Diseases congenital, Cat Diseases diagnosis, Cats, Diagnosis, Differential, Dog Diseases congenital, Dog Diseases diagnosis, Dogs, Echocardiography methods, Echocardiography, Doppler, Color methods, Echocardiography, Doppler, Color veterinary, Female, Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular diagnosis, Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular diagnostic imaging, Male, Retrospective Studies, Aneurysm veterinary, Cat Diseases diagnostic imaging, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Echocardiography veterinary, Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular veterinary
- Abstract
Membranous ventricular septal aneurysm was diagnosed by echocardiography in 17 dogs and three cats. The aneurysm appeared as a thin membrane protruding into the right ventricle from the margins of a congenital ventricular septal defect (VSD). The aneurysm was intact in nine dogs and two cats and perforated by a small VSD in eight dogs and one cat. Other congenital heart defects were present in seven dogs. In all animals, the aneurysm was an incidental finding observed during echocardiographic examination, and it did not appear to directly cause any cardiac dysfunction.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Pericarditis and pleuritis caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in a horse.
- Author
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Perkins SL, Magdesian KG, Thomas WP, and Spier SJ
- Subjects
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones therapeutic use, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Combined Modality Therapy, Corynebacterium Infections diagnosis, Corynebacterium Infections therapy, Diagnosis, Differential, Drainage veterinary, Female, Horse Diseases microbiology, Horse Diseases therapy, Horses, Pericarditis diagnosis, Pericarditis therapy, Pleurisy diagnosis, Therapeutic Irrigation veterinary, Treatment Outcome, Ultrasonography veterinary, Corynebacterium Infections veterinary, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis pathogenicity, Horse Diseases diagnosis, Pericarditis veterinary, Pleurisy veterinary
- Abstract
A 13-year-old Oldenburg mare was evaluated for lethargy and signs of mild colic. Pericardial tamponade caused by fibrinoeffusive pericarditis was diagnosed. Cytologic and biochemical evaluation of pericardial fluid was consistent with a septic effusion. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, the cause of pigeon fever, was identified by bacteriologic culture of pericardial fluid. Drainage and lavage of the pericardial sac, local (intrapericardial) and systemic antimicrobial treatment, and subsequent corticosteroid treatment resulted in a successful outcome in this horse. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of pericarditis associated with C pseudotuberculosis in a horse.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. A prospective study of canine infective endocarditis in northern California (1999-2001): emergence of Bartonella as a prevalent etiologic agent.
- Author
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MacDonald KA, Chomel BB, Kittleson MD, Kasten RW, Thomas WP, and Pesavento P
- Subjects
- Animals, Bartonella isolation & purification, California epidemiology, DNA, Bacterial analysis, Dog Diseases blood, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Dog Diseases mortality, Dog Diseases pathology, Dogs, Endocarditis, Bacterial epidemiology, Endocarditis, Bacterial microbiology, Female, Incidence, Male, Polymerase Chain Reaction veterinary, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length, Prospective Studies, Survival Analysis, Ultrasonography, Bartonella classification, Dog Diseases epidemiology, Dog Diseases microbiology, Endocarditis, Bacterial veterinary
- Abstract
A prospective study was performed (June 1999 to May 2001) to determine the incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) due to Bartonella in dogs in northern California and to compare these patients with other dogs with IE. IE was diagnosed antemortem based on clinical signs and echocardiography in 18 dogs. The etiologic agent was Bartonella sp. in 5 dogs (28%) and was diagnosed by high seroreactivity to Bartonella (titer > 1:512; range, 1:1,024-1:4,096); and confirmed postmortem by positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) from the infected valve and partial DNA sequencing of the citrate synthase gene (glt A). Conventional bacteria were causative agents in 7 dogs (39%). An etiologic agent was not identified in 6 dogs (33%). Bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii (n = 3), B clarridgeiae (n = 1), and a B clarridgeiae-like organism (n = 1) were identified. Blood culture was positive only for the IE case due to B clarridgeiae. All dogs with IE due to Bartonella were also seroreactive to Anaplasma phagocytophilum. All dogs with IE due to Bartonella had lesions only on the aortic valve. Of the cases of IE not due to Bartonella, 31% involved the aortic valve, 61% the mitral valve, and 8% both valves. Dogs with mitral valve IE lived longer than all dogs with aortic valve IE (P = .004) and dogs with IE of the aortic valve due to Bartonella (P = .002). In conclusion, Bartonella is a common cause of IE in dogs of northern California. A high Bartonella serologic titer (> 1:512) is useful antemortem to diagnose aortic valve IE due to Bartonella.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Dynamic right ventricular outflow obstruction: a new cause of systolic murmurs in cats.
- Author
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Rishniw M and Thomas WP
- Subjects
- Aging, Animals, Cat Diseases diagnostic imaging, Cats, Echocardiography, Doppler, Female, Heart Murmurs diagnostic imaging, Heart Murmurs physiopathology, Heart Ventricles diagnostic imaging, Male, Ventricular Outflow Obstruction diagnostic imaging, Ventricular Outflow Obstruction physiopathology, Cat Diseases etiology, Cat Diseases physiopathology, Heart Murmurs etiology, Heart Murmurs veterinary, Heart Ventricles physiopathology, Ventricular Outflow Obstruction complications, Ventricular Outflow Obstruction veterinary
- Abstract
We have identified and characterized a new cause of variable parasternal systolic murmurs in cats. Color Doppler echocardiography of 51 cats presented for evaluation of a cardiac murmur demonstrated a localized, turbulent systolic jet located within the right ventricular (RV) outflow region, originating just cranial to the tricuspid valve. Spectral Doppler tracings of the turbulent jets showed abnormally high peak velocity, late systolic flow acceleration, and marked variability with heart rate, typical of dynamic stenosis. Frame-by-frame examination of 2-dimensional (2D) echocardiographic images after color Doppler subtraction revealed systolic apposition of the RV free wall with the interventricular septum at the origin of the turbulent jets. Therefore, we termed this turbulent flow pattern "dynamic right ventricular obstruction" (DRVO). Most cats with DRVO were >4 years old (45 of 51, 88%) and initially presented with concurrent noncardiac disease (73%). Noncardiac diseases associated with DRVO in older cats included high cardiac output states (hyperthyroidism, anemia, and inflammatory disease) and chronic renal failure with and without systemic hypertension. Of the 45 cats >4 years old, 4 (9%) had no evidence of any other cardiac or noncardiac disease. In contrast, 5 of 6 cats (83%) <4 years old had concurrent cardiac disease. No breed predisposition was identified. Follow-up examination of 10 cats demonstrated no change in the disorder in 8 cats but revealed the disappearance of the murmur and abnormal RV Doppler flow signal in 2 cats after renal transplantation. We propose that DRVO is a physiologic cause of systolic murmurs in cats attributable to RV systolic narrowing.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiographic predictors of disease severity in dogs with congenital subaortic stenosis.
- Author
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Oyama MA and Thomas WP
- Subjects
- Animals, Breeding, Case-Control Studies, Discrete Subaortic Stenosis diagnostic imaging, Dog Diseases congenital, Dog Diseases pathology, Dogs, Echocardiography standards, Female, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular diagnostic imaging, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Records veterinary, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Ventricular Outflow Obstruction diagnostic imaging, Ventricular Outflow Obstruction veterinary, Discrete Subaortic Stenosis veterinary, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Echocardiography veterinary, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular veterinary
- Abstract
Echocardiographic studies from 50 dogs with congenital subaortic stenosis were examined. The degree of concentric, left-ventricular hypertrophy as assessed by M-mode measurement demonstrated a positive relationship (P<0.05) to disease severity. However, the clinical utility of these measures is hindered by a large amount of individual variation (r2=0.243 to 0.473). Two-dimensional ultrasound was used to compare the cross-sectional area of the left-ventricular outflow tract to the cross-sectional area of the aortic root. The ratio of these two areas demonstrated a strong inverse relationship (P=0.001; r2=0.778) with disease severity. This ratio provides a method of estimating severity of disease by two-dimensional echocardiography.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Aortic valve endocarditis in a dog due to Bartonella clarridgeiae.
- Author
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Chomel BB, Mac Donald KA, Kasten RW, Chang CC, Wey AC, Foley JE, Thomas WP, and Kittleson MD
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Bacterial blood, Aortic Valve pathology, Bartonella classification, Bartonella genetics, Bartonella immunology, Bartonella Infections microbiology, DNA, Bacterial analysis, Dogs, Endocarditis, Bacterial microbiology, Male, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Aortic Valve microbiology, Bartonella isolation & purification, Bartonella Infections veterinary, Dog Diseases microbiology, Endocarditis, Bacterial veterinary
- Abstract
We report the first documented case of endocarditis associated with Bartonella clarridgeiae in any species. B. clarridgeiae was identified as a possible etiological agent of human cat scratch disease. Infective vegetative valvular aortic endocarditis was diagnosed in a 2.5-year-old male neutered boxer. Historically, the dog had been diagnosed with a systolic murmur at 16 months of age and underwent balloon valvuloplasty for severe valvular aortic stenosis. Six months later, the dog was brought to a veterinary hospital with an acute third-degree atrioventricular block and was diagnosed with infective endocarditis. The dog died of cardiopulmonary arrest prior to pacemaker implantation. Necropsy confirmed severe aortic vegetative endocarditis. Blood culture grew a fastidious, gram-negative organism 8 days after being plated. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of the isolate, including partial sequencing of the citrate synthase (gltA) and 16S rRNA genes indicated that this organism was B. clarridgeiae. DNA extraction from the deformed aortic valve and the healthy pulmonic valve revealed the presence of B. clarridgeiae DNA only from the diseased valve. No Borrelia burgdorferi or Ehrlichia sp. DNA could be identified. Using indirect immunofluorescence tests, the dog was seropositive for B. clarridgeiae and had antibodies against Ehrlichia phagocytophila but not against Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia ewingii, B. burgdorferi, or Coxiella burnetii.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Balloon dilation of cor triatriatum dexter in a dog.
- Author
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Adin DB and Thomas WP
- Subjects
- Animals, Catheterization methods, Cor Triatriatum therapy, Dogs, Echocardiography veterinary, Female, Heart Atria pathology, Treatment Outcome, Vena Cava, Superior pathology, Catheterization veterinary, Cor Triatriatum veterinary
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Aorto-cardiac fistulas in seven horses.
- Author
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Marr CM, Reef VB, Brazil TJ, Thomas WP, Knottenbelt DC, Kelly DF, Baker JR, Reimer JM, Maxson AD, and Crowhurst JS
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Animals, Aortic Aneurysm diagnosis, Aortic Aneurysm pathology, Aortic Aneurysm veterinary, Aortic Diseases diagnosis, Aortic Diseases drug therapy, Aortic Diseases pathology, Aortic Diseases physiopathology, Aortic Rupture diagnosis, Aortic Rupture pathology, Aortic Rupture veterinary, Diagnosis, Differential, Echocardiography veterinary, Electrocardiography veterinary, Exercise Tolerance, Female, Fistula diagnosis, Fistula drug therapy, Fistula pathology, Fistula physiopathology, Heart Atria pathology, Heart Diseases diagnosis, Heart Diseases drug therapy, Heart Diseases pathology, Heart Diseases physiopathology, Heart Murmurs pathology, Heart Murmurs physiopathology, Heart Murmurs veterinary, Heart Septum pathology, Heart Ventricles pathology, Horse Diseases drug therapy, Horse Diseases pathology, Horse Diseases physiopathology, Male, Pulse veterinary, Stress, Physiological physiopathology, Stress, Physiological veterinary, Survival Rate, Tachycardia, Ventricular physiopathology, Tachycardia, Ventricular veterinary, Treatment Outcome, Vascular Fistula diagnosis, Vascular Fistula drug therapy, Vascular Fistula pathology, Vascular Fistula physiopathology, Aortic Diseases veterinary, Fistula veterinary, Heart Diseases veterinary, Horse Diseases diagnosis, Horses, Vascular Fistula veterinary
- Abstract
This report describes the history, clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic findings, treatment, outcome and post-mortem findings in seven horses with aorto-cardiac fistula. Affected horses included 5 stallions, one gelding and one mare; 2 each of the Thoroughbred, Arabian and Standardbred breeds and one Thoroughbred-cross with a mean +/- s.d. age of 12 +/- 4 years, range 6-18 years. The presenting signs were acute distress (four horses), exercise intolerance (two horses) and the lesion was detected during a routine examination in one horse. Five horses had monomorphic ventricular tachycardia on admission and one other had a history of this arrhythmia. Five horses had a characteristic continuous murmur loudest in the right fourth intercostal space. Echocardiography (six horses) and/or post-mortem examination (four horses) revealed the horses had aorto-cardiac fistulas arising from the right aortic sinus in all five horses in which the site was recorded. Two horses had ruptured aneurysmal dilatations of the aortic wall at this site. Fistulas extended into the right ventricle in four horses; the right atrium in two horses, the left ventricle in one horse, and five horses had dissecting tracts in the septal myocardium. Horses survived for periods ranging from 24 h to 4 years. Aorto-cardiac fistula should be considered in the differential diagnosis for horses presenting with acute distress, bounding arterial pulse, a right-sided continuous murmur and/or monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, particularly in middle-aged or older stallions. Echocardiography is the technique of choice for confirming the diagnosis and demonstrating accompanying cardiac changes.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Biplane transesophageal echocardiography in the normal cat.
- Author
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Kienle RD, Thomas WP, and Rishniw M
- Subjects
- Animals, Echocardiography, Transesophageal instrumentation, Echocardiography, Transesophageal methods, Reference Values, Cats, Echocardiography, Transesophageal veterinary
- Abstract
Eight healthy, adult cats were examined with biplane transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Cats were sedated with a combination of diazepam and propofol and were examined using a 5 mm x 80 cm pediatric biplane TEE probe. Consistent images were obtained at three imaging depths within the esophagus. The caudal position provided satisfactory short-axis images of the left ventricle and heart base. The middle position provided the best long-axis views of the left atrium, left ventricle, and aorta and allowed Doppler examination of transmitral left ventricular inflow. The cranial position provided satisfactory imaging of the aorta and pulmonary artery and allowed Doppler examination of right ventricular and left ventricular outflow. Biplane TEE provides an additional method of imaging the feline heart which is complimentary to other imaging techniques and the images obtained were similar to those reported for dogs. Although TEE offers a slight advantage over transthorcic imaging for Doppler examination, the quality of the images of heart base structures was not as consistently superior to transthoracic images in cats as reported in dogs.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Balloon valvuloplasty of tricuspid stenosis in a Labrador retriever.
- Author
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Brown WA and Thomas WP
- Subjects
- Animals, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Dog Diseases physiopathology, Dogs, Male, Radiography, Tricuspid Valve Stenosis complications, Tricuspid Valve Stenosis physiopathology, Tricuspid Valve Stenosis therapy, Ultrasonography, Catheterization veterinary, Dog Diseases therapy, Tricuspid Valve Stenosis veterinary
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. The natural clinical history of canine congenital subaortic stenosis.
- Author
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Kienle RD, Thomas WP, and Pion PD
- Subjects
- Animals, Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular congenital, Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular mortality, Blood Pressure, Dog Diseases mortality, Dogs, Female, Male, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sex Distribution, Survival Rate, Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular veterinary, Dog Diseases congenital
- Abstract
The demographics and natural clinical history of canine congenital subaortic stenosis (SAS) were evaluated by retrospective analysis of 195 confirmed cases (1967 to 1991), 96 of which were untreated and available for follow-up evaluation. Of these, 58 dogs had left ventricular outflow systolic pressure gradients available for assessment of severity. All 195 dogs were used for demographic analysis. Breeds found to be at increased relative risk included the Newfoundland (odds ratio, 88.1; P < .001), Rottweiler (odds ratio, 19.3; P < .001), Boxer (odds ratio, 8.6; P < .001), and Golden Retriever (odds ratio, 5.5; P < .001). Dogs with mild gradients (16 to 35 mm Hg) and those that developed infective endocarditis or left heart failure were diagnosed at older ages than those with moderate (36 to 80 mm Hg) and severe (> 80 mm Hg) gradients. Of 96 untreated dogs, 32 (33.3%) had signs of illness varying from fatigue to syncope; 11 dogs (11.3%) developed infective endocarditis or left heart failure. Exercise intolerance or fatigue was reported in 22 dogs, syncope in 11 dogs, and respiratory signs (cough, dyspnea, tachypnea) in 9 dogs. In addition, 21 dogs (21.9%) died suddenly. Sudden death occurred mainly in the first 3 years of life, primarily but not exclusively, in dogs with severe obstructions (gradient, > 80 mm Hg; odds ratio, 16.0; P < .001). Infective endocarditis (6.3%) and left heart failure (7.3%) tended to occur later in life and in dogs with mild to moderate obstructions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Intrapericardial cysts in the dog.
- Author
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Sisson D, Thomas WP, Reed J, Atkins CE, and Gelberg HB
- Subjects
- Animals, Cardiomyopathies diagnosis, Cysts diagnosis, Dogs, Female, Male, Radiography, Ultrasonography, Cardiomyopathies veterinary, Cysts veterinary, Dog Diseases diagnosis, Pericardium diagnostic imaging, Pericardium pathology
- Abstract
Intrapericardial cysts were identified as the cause of impaired cardiac filling in six young dogs. Pneumopericardiography and two-dimensional echocardiography showed the cysts in 2 of 2 dogs and in 4 of 4 dogs, respectively. One dog, which was also infected with heartworms, died before surgical excision of the cyst could be performed. In the remaining dogs, surgical excision of the cysts and subtotal pericardiectomy was successfully accomplished. Histologic examination of the excised tissue from one dog suggested that it was a pericardial coelomic cyst. The gross and histologic characteristics of the cysts removed from the other five dogs resembled those of acquired cystic hematomas. The etiopathogenesis of these cysts was uncertain, but all cysts were connected to a fatty pedicle of tissue. In one dog, a stalk of tissue was observed to enter the pericardium through a small peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia. In four dogs, the stalk of tissue was adhered to the apex of the parietal pericardium. These observations suggested that intrapericardial cysts, in some dogs, develop in association with, and possibly as a result of, congenital herniation and entrapment of omentum or a portion of the falciform ligament into the pericardial sac.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Heterogeneity of hypertrophy in feline hypertrophic heart disease.
- Author
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Thomas WP
- Subjects
- Animals, Cat Diseases classification, Cats, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular classification, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular diagnostic imaging, Ultrasonography, Cat Diseases diagnostic imaging, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular veterinary
- Published
- 1993
44. Recommendations for standards in transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography in the dog and cat. Echocardiography Committee of the Specialty of Cardiology, American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
- Author
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Thomas WP, Gaber CE, Jacobs GJ, Kaplan PM, Lombard CW, Moise NS, and Moses BL
- Subjects
- Animals, Echocardiography methods, Echocardiography standards, Cats anatomy & histology, Dogs anatomy & histology, Echocardiography veterinary
- Abstract
Recommendations are presented for standardized imaging planes and display conventions for two-dimensional echocardiography in the dog and cat. Three transducer locations ("windows") provide access to consistent imaging planes: the right parasternal location, the left caudal (apical) parasternal location, and the left cranial parasternal location. Recommendations for image display orientations are very similar to those for comparable human cardiac images, with the heart base or cranial aspect of the heart displayed to the examiner's right on the video display. From the right parasternal location, standard views include a long-axis four-chamber view and a long-axis left ventricular outflow view, and short-axis views at the levels of the left ventricular apex, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, mitral valve, aortic valve, and pulmonary arteries. From the left caudal (apical) location, standard views include long-axis two-chamber and four-chamber views. From the left cranial parasternal location, standard views include a long-axis view of the left ventricular outflow tract and ascending aorta (with variations to image the right atrium and tricuspid valve, and the pulmonary valve and pulmonary artery), and a short-axis view of the aortic root encircled by the right heart. These images are presented by means of idealized line drawings. Adoption of these standards should facilitate consistent performance, recording, teaching, and communicating results of studies obtained by two-dimensional echocardiography.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Balloon dilation of congenital subaortic stenosis in the dog.
- Author
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DeLellis LA, Thomas WP, and Pion PD
- Subjects
- Animals, Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular congenital, Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular diagnostic imaging, Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular therapy, Catheterization adverse effects, Catheterization methods, Dog Diseases congenital, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Dogs, Female, Hemodynamics physiology, Male, Radiography, Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular veterinary, Catheterization veterinary, Dog Diseases therapy
- Abstract
Balloon dilation during cardiac catheterization was evaluated for the treatment of congenital subaortic stenosis (SAS) in nine dogs. Under general anesthesia, bilateral cardiac catheterization was performed through the right jugular vein and carotid artery. Thermodilution cardiac output, and left ventricular and aortic root pressures and angiograms were obtained before and after balloon dilation. Balloons measuring 18-20 mm in diameter and 30-40 mm in length were positioned across the stenosis and three inflations 4-5 minutes apart were performed. There was no significant change in cardiac output, aortic pressure, or degree of aortic regurgitation after balloon dilation. For the entire group balloon dilation resulted in significant decreases in left ventricular systolic pressure (-61.2 +/- 37.2 mm Hg [mean change +/- SD], range -14 to -123), mean systolic pressure gradient (-39.6 +/- 24.4 mm Hg, range -8.4 to -72.2), and peak systolic pressure gradient (-64.3 +/- 46.5 mm Hg, range -17 to -143). Calculated left ventricular outflow cross-sectional area increased significantly (+.4 +/- .5 cm2, range -.06 to + 1.30). Clinical signs improved in the five symptomatic dogs. Individual hemodynamic responses varied widely, but the magnitude of improvement correlated with the severity of obstruction. Three dogs showed a decrease of 60% or greater (> or = 100 mm Hg), and six dogs showed a decrease of 25-50% (17-71 mm Hg) in peak systolic gradient after balloon dilation. Complications were frequent but most were transient and manageable. These preliminary results suggest that balloon dilation can acutely decrease outflow resistance in dogs with SAS and may be effective therapy for some affected dogs.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Cor triatriatum dexter in two dogs.
- Author
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Tobias AH, Thomas WP, Kittleson MD, and Komtebedde J
- Subjects
- Animals, Cardiac Catheterization veterinary, Cor Triatriatum diagnosis, Cor Triatriatum diagnostic imaging, Cor Triatriatum surgery, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Dog Diseases surgery, Dogs, Echocardiography veterinary, Echocardiography, Doppler veterinary, Male, Cor Triatriatum veterinary, Dog Diseases diagnosis
- Abstract
Cor triatriatum dexter is a congenital heart defect in which the embryologic right sinus venosus valve persists as a septum within the right atrium. Cor triatriatum dexter was diagnosed in 2 dogs on the basis of clinical signs, two-dimensional echocardiography, and cardiac catheterization. In 1 of the dogs, the condition was successfully treated by surgical resection of the intra-atrial septum. In the second dog, the defect was associated with an incomplete persistent cranial left vena cava and Ebstein's anomaly; surgery was declined.
- Published
- 1993
47. Mixed venous blood gases in recumbent and upright positions in foals from birth to 14 days of age.
- Author
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Madigan JE, Thomas WP, Backus KQ, and Powell WE
- Subjects
- Animals, Blood Gas Analysis veterinary, Catheterization, Central Venous veterinary, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Posture, Reference Values, Animals, Newborn blood, Carbon Dioxide blood, Horses blood, Oxygen blood
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Clinical findings in cats with dilated cardiomyopathy and relationship of findings to taurine deficiency.
- Author
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Pion PD, Kittleson MD, Thomas WP, Skiles ML, and Rogers QR
- Subjects
- Animal Feed, Animals, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated complications, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated etiology, Cats, Echocardiography veterinary, Female, Heart Murmurs complications, Heart Murmurs etiology, Heart Murmurs veterinary, Heart Sounds, Hyperthyroidism complications, Hyperthyroidism veterinary, In Vitro Techniques, Ophthalmoscopy veterinary, Prospective Studies, Retinal Degeneration complications, Retinal Degeneration etiology, Retinal Degeneration veterinary, Retrospective Studies, Taurine blood, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated veterinary, Cat Diseases etiology, Taurine deficiency
- Abstract
Between October 1986 and September 1988, 37 cats with moderate to severe idiopathic myocardial failure (dilated cardiomyopathy) were evaluated prospectively. Low plasma taurine concentration and diet history including foods that can cause taurine deficiency were documented in most of the cats. Comparison with a retrospectively studied population of 33 cats with dilated cardiomyopathy diagnosed between 1980 and 1986 demonstrated that the clinical and historical findings in the 33 retrospectively studied cats were similar to those in the 37 cats studied prospectively. Clinical findings in the 2 groups were also similar to findings previously reported in the literature. Because clinical findings and diet history were similar in the prospective and retrospective groups, we believe that many cats in the latter group had diet-induced taurine deficiency. These findings support the conclusion that most cases of dilated cardiomyopathy in cats have a common etiopathogenesis related to diet and as such are preventable.
- Published
- 1992
49. Response of cats with dilated cardiomyopathy to taurine supplementation.
- Author
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Pion PD, Kittleson MD, Thomas WP, Delellis LA, and Rogers QR
- Subjects
- Animal Feed, Animals, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated drug therapy, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated mortality, Cat Diseases mortality, Cats, Digoxin therapeutic use, Echocardiography veterinary, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Murmurs veterinary, Prospective Studies, Regression Analysis, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Taurine blood, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated veterinary, Cat Diseases drug therapy, Taurine therapeutic use
- Abstract
Between October 1986 and September 1988, 37 cats with moderate to severe idiopathic myocardial failure (dilated cardiomyopathy) were evaluated. Clinical management of these cats was similar to that described in the literature, except that it also included administration of 500 or 1,000 mg of the sulfur amino acid, taurine per day. Early death (death within the first 30 days of treatment) occurred in 14 (38%) cats. One cat was lost to follow-up evaluation. Twenty-two cats (59%) had marked clinical and echocardiographic improvement and survived longer than 240 days. In all but 1 cat, the observed improvement in echocardiographic measurements persisted. Hypothermia and thromboembolism were positively associated with an increased risk of early death. Administration of digoxin did not significantly affect survival. All 22 cats that survived greater than 30 days remained clinically stable despite withdrawal of all medications except taurine. Administration of taurine was eventually discontinued in 20 of the 22 cats and adequate taurine intake was thereafter provided for in the food. The clinical response and 1-year survival rate of 58% (21 of 36 cats with a known outcome) in the taurine-treated group represents a marked improvement, compared with a 1-year survival rate of 13% (4 of 31 cats with a known outcome) in a retrospectively evaluated population of 33 cats with dilated cardiomyopathy.
- Published
- 1992
50. Permanent transvenous pacemaker implantation in forty dogs.
- Author
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Sisson D, Thomas WP, Woodfield J, Pion PD, Luethy M, and DeLellis LA
- Subjects
- Animals, Arrhythmias, Cardiac etiology, Arrhythmias, Cardiac veterinary, Bradycardia therapy, Dogs, Electrocardiography veterinary, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Male, Postoperative Complications veterinary, Reoperation veterinary, Surgical Wound Infection veterinary, Treatment Outcome, Bradycardia veterinary, Dog Diseases therapy, Pacemaker, Artificial veterinary
- Abstract
Permanent transvenous cardiac pacemakers were implanted in 40 dogs. Electrocardiographic diagnoses included persistent atrial standstill (3 dogs), sick sinus syndrome (8 dogs), and high-grade second-degree or third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block (29 dogs). Thirteen dogs were alive and well 4 to 42 months after pacemaker implantation (mean, 16.9 months). The mean and median survival times of the 26 dogs that died or were euthanatized during the study were 17.9 months and 13 months, respectively. Most of these dogs succumbed to problems unrelated to the arrhythmia and pacemaker implant. One dog was lost to follow-up. Complications associated with permanent transvenous pacemaker implantation included lead dislodgement, infection, hematoma formation, skeletal muscle stimulation, ventricular arrhythmia, migration of the pulse generator, and skin erosion. Lead dislodgement was the most common complication, occurring in 7 of 9 dogs paced using untined electrode leads and in 6 of 30 dogs paced using tined leads. Lead dislodgement did not occur in the only dog paced using an actively fixed endocardial lead. It was concluded that permanent transvenous cardiac pacing is a feasible, less traumatic alternative to epimyocardial pacing in dogs, but that successful use of this technique requires careful implantation technique and anticipation of the potential complications.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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