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For certain families of $L$-functions, we prove that if each $L$-function in the family has only real zeros in a fixed yet arbitrarily small neighborhood of $s=1$, then one may considerably improve upon the known results on Landau-Siegel zeros. Sarnak and the third author proved a similar result under much more restrictive hypotheses., Comment: 6 pages

Let $\chi$ be an idele class character over a number field $F$, and let $\pi,\pi'$ be non-dihedral twist-inequivalent cuspidal automorphic representations of $\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbb{A}_F)$. We prove the following results. 1. If $m,n\geq 0$ are integers, $m+n\geq 1$, $F$ is totally real, $\chi$ corresponds with a ray class character, and $\pi,\pi'$ correspond with primitive non-CM holomorphic Hilbert cusp forms, then the Rankin-Selberg $L$-function $L(s,\mathrm{Sym}^m(\pi)\times(\mathrm{Sym}^n(\pi')\otimes\chi))$ has a standard zero-free region with no exceptional Landau-Siegel zero. When $m,n\geq 1$ and $m+n\geq 4$, this is new even for $F=\mathbb{Q}$. As an application, we establish the strongest known unconditional effective rates of convergence in the Sato-Tate distribution for $\pi$ and the joint Sato-Tate distribution for $\pi$ and $\pi'$. 2. The Rankin-Selberg $L$-function $L(s,\mathrm{Sym}^2(\pi)\times(\mathrm{Sym}^2 (\pi')\otimes\chi))$ has a standard zero-free region with no exceptional Landau-Siegel zero. Until now, this was only known when $\pi=\pi'$, $\pi$ is self-dual, and $\chi$ is trivial., Comment: 22 pages

We establish two new variants of arithmetic quantum ergodicity. The first is for self-dual $\mathrm{GL}_2$ Hecke-Maass newforms over $\mathbb{Q}$ as the level and Laplace eigenvalue vary jointly. The second is a nonsplit analogue wherein almost all restrictions of Hilbert (respectively Bianchi) Hecke-Maass cusp forms to the modular surface dissipate as their Laplace eigenvalues grow., Comment: 28 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2103.05634

Fix a number field $k$, integers $\ell, n \geq 2$, and a prime $p$. For all $r \geq 1$, we prove strong unconditional upper bounds on the $r$-th moment of $\ell$-torsion in the ideal class groups of degree $p$ extensions of $k$ and of degree $n$ $S_n$-extensions of $k$, improving upon results of Ellenberg, Pierce and Wood as well as GRH-conditional results of Frei and Widmer. For large $r$, our results are comparable with work of Heath-Brown and Pierce for imaginary quadratic extensions of $\mathbb{Q}$. When $r=1$, our results are new even for the family of all quadratic extensions of $\mathbb{Q}$, leading to an improved upper bound for the count of degree $p$ $D_p$-extensions over $\mathbb{Q}$ (where $D_p$ is the dihedral group of order $2p$)., Comment: 12 pages

Let $\pi$ and $\pi'$ be cuspidal automorphic representations of $\mathrm{GL}(n)$ and $\mathrm{GL}(n')$ with unitary central characters. We establish a new zero-free region for all $\mathrm{GL}(1)$-twists of the Rankin-Selberg $L$-function $L(s,\pi\times\pi')$, generalizing Siegel's celebrated work on Dirichlet $L$-functions. As an application, we prove the first unconditional Siegel-Walfisz theorem for the Dirichlet coefficients of $-L'(s,\pi\times\pi')/L(s,\pi\times\pi')$. Also, for $n\leq 8$, we extend the region of holomorphy and nonvanishing for the twisted symmetric power $L$-functions $L(s,\pi,\mathrm{Sym}^n\otimes\chi)$ of any cuspidal automorphic representation of $\mathrm{GL}(2)$., Comment: 21 pages, LaTeX2e; v2: updated Section 3 and the Remark below Theorem 1.1; v3: updated Section 1, added Theorem 2.2 and Section 8, added the Remark below the proof of Proposition 4.4; v4: updated the end of Section 1, added Section 4 (part of which was formerly Section 5.2); v5: updated Section 1

We make explicit Bombieri's refinement of Gallagher's log-free "large sieve density estimate near $\sigma = 1$" for Dirichlet $L$-functions. We use this estimate and recent work of Green to prove that if $N\geq 2$ is an integer, $A\subseteq\{1,\ldots,N\}$, and for all primes $p$ no two elements in $A$ differ by $p-1$, then $|A|\ll N^{1-1/10^{18}}$. This strengthens a theorem of S\'ark\"ozy., Comment: 24 pages. v4: Incorporates referee comments

We prove a highly uniform version of the prime number theorem for a certain class of $L$-functions. The range of $x$ depends polynomially on the analytic conductor, and the error term is expressed in terms of an optimization problem depending explicitly on the available zero-free region. The class contains the Rankin-Selberg $L$-function $L(s,\pi \times \pi')$ associated to cuspidal automorphic representations $\pi$ and $\pi'$ of $\mathrm{GL}_{m}$ and $\mathrm{GL}_{m'}$, respectively. Our main result implies the first uniform prime number theorems for such $L$-functions (with analytic conductor uniformity) in complete generality., Comment: 16 pages. Incorporates referee comments. Theorem 2.6 is improved

We show that Landau-Siegel zeros for Dirichlet $L$-functions do not exist or quantum unique ergodicity for $\mathrm{GL}_2$ Hecke-Maass newforms holds with an effective rate of convergence. This follows from a more general result: Landau-Siegel zeros of Dirichlet $L$-functions repel the zeros of all other automorphic $L$-functions from the line $\mathrm{Re}(s)=1$., Comment: 11 pages

We prove a version of the prime number theorem for arithmetic progressions that is uniform enough to deduce the Siegel-Walfisz theorem, Hoheisel's asymptotic for intervals of length $x^{1-\delta}$, a Brun-Titchmarsh bound, and Linnik's bound on the least prime in an arithmetic progression as corollaries. Our proof uses the Vinogradov-Korobov zero-free region, a log-free zero density estimate, and the Deuring-Heilbronn zero repulsion phenomenon. Improvements exist when the modulus is sufficiently powerful., Comment: 11 pages. Theorems 1.1 and 2.1 improved

Let $E/\mathbb{Q}$ be an elliptic curve that has complex multiplication (CM) by an imaginary quadratic field $K$. For a prime $p$, there exists $\theta_p \in [0, \pi]$ such that $p+1-\#E(\mathbb{F}_p) = 2\sqrt{p} \cos \theta_p$. Let $x>0$ be large, and let $I\subseteq[0,\pi]$ be a subinterval. We prove that if $\delta>0$ and $\theta>0$ are fixed numbers such that $\delta+\theta<\frac{5}{24}$, $x^{1-\delta}\leq h\leq x$, and $|I|\geq x^{-\theta}$, then \[ \frac{1}{h}\sum_{\substack{x < p \le x+h \\ \theta_p \in I}}\log{p}\sim \frac{1}{2}\mathbf{1}_{\frac{\pi}{2}\in I}+\frac{|I|}{2\pi}, \] where $\mathbf{1}_{\frac{\pi}{2}\in I}$ equals 1 if $\frac{\pi}{2}\in I$ and $0$ otherwise. We also discuss an extension of this result to the distribution of the Fourier coefficients of holomorphic cuspidal CM newforms., Comment: 10 pages, significant revision after referee comments

We establish a result of Bombieri-Vinogradov type for the Dirichlet coefficients at prime ideals of the standard $L$-function associated to a self-dual cuspidal automorphic representation $\pi$ of $\mathrm{GL}_n$ over a number field $F$ which is not a quadratic twist of itself. Our result does not rely on any unproven progress towards the generalized Ramanujan conjecture or the nonexistence of Landau-Siegel zeros. In particular, when $\pi$ is fixed and not equal to a quadratic twist of itself, we prove the first unconditional Siegel-type lower bound for the twisted $L$-values $|L(1,\pi\otimes\chi)|$ in the $\chi$-aspect, where $\chi$ is a primitive quadratic Hecke character over $F$. Our result improves the levels of distribution in other works that relied on these unproven hypotheses. As applications, when $n=2,3,4$, we prove a $\mathrm{GL}_n$ analogue of the Titchmarsh divisor problem and a nontrivial bound for a certain $\mathrm{GL}_n\times\mathrm{GL}_2$ shifted convolution sum., Comment: 40 pages. Added Section 3. Extended discussion of the Siegel zero problem in Section 4

Let $\mathfrak{F}_n$ be the set of all cuspidal automorphic representations $\pi$ of $\mathrm{GL}_n$ with unitary central character over a number field $F$. We prove the first unconditional zero density estimate for the set $\mathcal{S}=\{L(s,\pi\times\pi')\colon\pi\in\mathfrak{F}_n\}$ of Rankin-Selberg $L$-functions, where $\pi'\in\mathfrak{F}_{n'}$ is fixed. We use this density estimate to establish (i) a hybrid-aspect subconvexity bound at $s=\frac{1}{2}$ for almost all $L(s,\pi\times\pi')\in \mathcal{S}$, (ii) a strong on-average form of effective multiplicity one for almost all $\pi\in\mathfrak{F}_n$, and (iii) a positive level of distribution for $L(s,\pi\times\tilde{\pi})$, in the sense of Bombieri-Vinogradov, for each $\pi\in\mathfrak{F}_n$., Comment: 32 pages. Significant revision based on referee comments

We prove an analogue of Selberg's zero density estimate for $\zeta(s)$ that holds for any $\mathrm{GL}_2$ $L$-function. We use this estimate to study the distribution of the vector of fractional parts of $\gamma\mathbf{\alpha}$, where $\mathbf{\alpha}\in\mathbb{R}^n$ is fixed and $\gamma$ varies over the imaginary parts of the nontrivial zeros of a $\mathrm{GL}_2$ $L$-function., Comment: 25 pages

Let $k$ be a number field and $G$ be a finite group. Let $\mathfrak{F}_{k}^{G}(Q)$ be the family of number fields $K$ with absolute discriminant $D_K$ at most $Q$ such that $K/k$ is normal with Galois group isomorphic to $G$. If $G$ is the symmetric group $S_n$ or any transitive group of prime degree, then we unconditionally prove that for all $K\in\mathfrak{F}_k^G(Q)$ with at most $O_{\epsilon}(Q^{\epsilon})$ exceptions, the $L$-functions associated to the faithful Artin representations of $\mathrm{Gal}(K/k)$ have a region of holomorphy and non-vanishing commensurate with predictions by the Artin conjecture and the generalized Riemann hypothesis. This result is a special case of a more general theorem. As applications, we prove that: 1) there exist infinitely many degree $n$ $S_n$-fields over $\mathbb{Q}$ whose class group is as large as the Artin conjecture and GRH imply, settling a question of Duke; 2) for a prime $p$, the periodic torus orbits attached to the ideal classes of almost all totally real degree $p$ fields $F$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ equidistribute on $\mathrm{PGL}_p(\mathbb{Z})\backslash\mathrm{PGL}_p(\mathbb{R})$ with respect to Haar measure; 3) for each $\ell\geq 2$, the $\ell$-torsion subgroups of the ideal class groups of almost all degree $p$ fields over $k$ (resp. almost all degree $n$ $S_n$-fields over $k$) are as small as GRH implies; and 4) an effective variant of the Chebotarev density theorem holds for almost all fields in such families., Comment: v3: Reworked the first three sections

Let $\pi$ be a unitary cuspidal automorphic representation of $\mathrm{GL}_n$ over a number field, and let $\tilde{\pi}$ be contragredient to $\pi$. We prove effective upper and lower bounds of the correct order in the short interval prime number theorem for the Rankin-Selberg $L$-function $L(s,\pi\times\tilde{\pi})$, extending the work of Hoheisel and Linnik. Along the way, we prove for the first time that $L(s,\pi\times\widetilde{\pi})$ has an unconditional standard zero-free region apart from a possible Landau-Siegel zero., Comment: 23 pages. Incorporates referee comments

We use Levinson's method and the work of Blomer and Harcos on the $\mathrm{GL}_2$ shifted convolution problem to prove that at least 6.96% of the zeros of the L-function of any holomorphic or Maass cusp form lie on the critical line., Comment: 15 pages

Let $f(z)=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} a_f(n)e^{2\pi i n z}$ be a non-CM holomorphic cupsidal newform of trivial nebentypus and even integral level $k\geq 2$. Deligne's proof of the Weil conjectures shows that $|a_f(p)|\leq 2p^{\frac{k-1}{2}}$ for all primes $p$. We prove for 100% of primes $p$ that $2p^{\frac{k-1}{2}}\frac{\log\log p}{\sqrt{\log p}}<|a_f(p)|<\lfloor 2p^{\frac{k-1}{2}}\rfloor$. Our proof gives an effective upper bound for the size of the exceptional set. The lower bound shows that the Atkin-Serre conjecture is satisfied for 100% of primes, and the upper bound shows that $|a_f(p)|$ is as large as possible (i.e., $p$ is extremal for $f$) for 0% of primes. Our proofs use the effective form of the Sato-Tate conjecture proved by the second author, which relies on the recent proof of the automorphy of the symmetric powers of $f$ due to Newton and Thorne., Comment: Condition requiring squarefree level is removed. Title change

We prove effective forms of the Sato-Tate conjecture for holomorphic cuspidal newforms which improve on the author's previous work (solo and joint with Lemke Oliver). We also prove an effective form of the joint Sato-Tate distribution for two twist-inequivalent newforms. Our results are unconditional because of recent work of Newton and Thorne., Comment: 19 pages. The condition that the level be squarefree is removed

We investigate Riemann's xi function $\xi(s):=\frac{1}{2}s(s-1)\pi^{-\frac{s}{2}}\Gamma(\frac{s}{2})\zeta(s)$ (here $\zeta(s)$ is the Riemann zeta function). The Riemann Hypothesis (RH) asserts that if $\xi(s)=0$, then $\mathrm{Re}(s)=\frac{1}{2}$. P\'olya proved that RH is equivalent to the hyperbolicity of the Jensen polynomials $J^{d,n}(X)$ constructed from certain Taylor coefficients of $\xi(s)$. For each $d\geq 1$, recent work proves that $J^{d,n}(X)$ is hyperbolic for sufficiently large $n$. Here we make this result effective. Moreover, we show how the low-lying zeros of the derivatives $\xi^{(n)}(s)$ influence the hyperbolicity of $J^{d,n}(X)$., Comment: 13 pages. This revision represents a major revision of the previous version. The exposition has been improved and many clarifications have been added. Moreover, Theorem 1.1 has been improved

Given a nontrivial finite group $G$, we prove the first zero density estimate for families of Dedekind zeta functions associated to Galois extensions $K/\mathbb{Q}$ with $\mathrm{Gal}(K/\mathbb{Q})\cong G$ that does not rely on unproven progress towards the strong form of Artin's conjecture. We use this to remove the hypothesis of the strong Artin conjecture from the work of Pierce, Turnage-Butterbaugh, and Wood on the average error in the Chebotarev density theorem and $\ell$-torsion in ideal class groups., Comment: Considerably streamlined, small refinements to Theorems 1.1 and 1.2. 14 pages

Let $\tau(n)$ be Ramanujan's tau function, defined by the discriminant modular form \[ \Delta(z) = q\prod_{j=1}^{\infty}(1-q^{j})^{24}\ =\ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\tau(n) q^n \,,q=e^{2\pi i z} \] (this is the unique holomorphic normalized cuspidal newform of weight 12 and level 1). Lehmer's conjecture asserts that $\tau(n)\neq 0$ for all $n\geq 1$; since $\tau(n)$ is multiplicative, it suffices to study primes $p$ for which $\tau(p)$ might possibly be zero. Assuming standard conjectures for the twisted symmetric power $L$-functions associated to $\tau$ (including GRH), we prove that if $x\geq 10^{50}$, then \[ \#\{x < p\leq 2x: \tau(p) = 0\} \leq 1.22 \times 10^{-5} \frac{x^{3/4}}{\sqrt{\log x}},\] a substantial improvement on the implied constant in previous work. To achieve this, under the same hypotheses, we prove an explicit version of the Sato-Tate conjecture for primes in arithmetic progressions., Comment: 16 pages, fixed typographical errors and minor computational details. To be published in the International Journal of Number Theory

Let $\mathfrak{F}_n$ be the set of all cuspidal automorphic representations $\pi$ of $\mathrm{GL}_n$ over a number field with unitary central character. We prove two unconditional large sieve inequalities for the Hecke eigenvalues of $\pi\in\mathfrak{F}_n$, one on the integers and one on the primes. The second leads to the first unconditional zero density estimate for the family of $L$-functions $L(s,\pi)$ associated to $\pi\in\mathfrak{F}_n$, which we make log-free. As an application of the zero density estimate, we prove a hybrid subconvexity bound for $L(\frac{1}{2},\pi)$ for a density one subset of $\pi\in\mathfrak{F}_n$., Comment: 17 pages. Incorporates referee comments

Let $\pi$ and $\pi_0$ be unitary cuspidal automorphic representations. We prove log-free zero density estimates for Rankin-Selberg $L$-functions of the form $L(s,\pi\times\pi_0)$, where $\pi$ varies in a given family and $\pi_0$ is fixed. These estimates are unconditional in many cases of interest; they hold in full generality assuming an average form of the generalized Ramanujan conjecture. We consider applications of these estimates related to mass equidistribution for Hecke-Maass forms, the rarity of Landau-Siegel zeros of Rankin-Selberg $L$-functions, the Chebotarev density theorem, and $\ell$-torsion in class groups of number fields., Comment: 53 pages. Farrell Brumley added as coauthor. Added two appendices, one of which is authored by Colin Bushnell and Guy Henniart. Theorem 1.3 added, leads to cleaner versions of Theorems 1.2 and 1.4

We describe a new method to obtain weak subconvexity bounds for $L$-functions with mild hypotheses on the size of the Dirichlet coefficients. We verify these hypotheses for all automorphic $L$-functions and (with mild restrictions) the Rankin-Selberg $L$-functions attached to two automorphic representations. The proof relies on a new unconditional log-free zero density estimate for Rankin-Selberg $L$-functions., Comment: 25 pages. Appendix by Farrell Brumley. Referee comments incorporated

We establish an unconditional effective Chebotarev density theorem that improves uniformly over the well-known result of Lagarias and Odlyzko. As a consequence, we give a new asymptotic form of the Chebotarev density theorem that can count much smaller primes with arbitrary log-power savings, even in the case where a Landau-Siegel zero is present. Our main theorem interpolates the strongest unconditional upper bound for the least prime ideal with a given Artin symbol as well as the Chebotarev analogue of the Brun-Titchmarsh theorem proved by the authors. We also present a new application of our main result that exhibits considerable gains over earlier versions of the Chebotarev density theorem. If $f$ is a positive definite primitive binary quadratic form then we count lattice points $(u,v) \in \mathbb{Z}^2$ such that $f(u,v)$ is prime and $u, v$ have no prime factors $\leq z$ with uniformity in $z$ and the discriminant of $f$., Comment: 26 pages; v3 intro revised and application added in Sections 6 and 7; typos corrected

We improve the Chebotarev variant of the Brun-Titchmarsh theorem proven by Lagarias, Montgomery, and Odlyzko using the log-free zero density estimate and zero repulsion phenomenon for Hecke L-functions that were recently proved by the authors. Our result produces an improvement for the best unconditional bounds toward two conjectures of Lang and Trotter regarding the distribution of traces of Frobenius for elliptic curves and holomorphic cuspidal modular forms. We also obtain new results on the distribution of primes represented by positive-definite integral binary quadratic forms., Comment: 26 pages; v2 several typographical and minor errors are fixed, some of which had a small impact on the quality of the exponents in Thm 1.1, Thm 1.2, and Cor 1.3

Let $\mathcal{M}$ be a pure motive over $\mathbb{Q}$ of odd weight $w\geq 3$, even rank $d\geq 2$, and global conductor $N$ whose $L$-function $L(s,\mathcal{M})$ coincides with the $L$-function of a self-dual algebraic tempered cuspidal symplectic representation of $\mathrm{GL}_{d}(\mathbb{A}_{\mathbb{Q}})$. We show that a certain polynomial which generates special values of $L(s,\mathcal{M})$ (including all of the critical values) has all of its zeros equidistributed on the unit circle, provided that $N$ or $w$ are sufficiently large with respect to $d$. These special values have arithmetic significance in the context of the Bloch-Kato conjecture. We focus on applications to symmetric powers of semistable elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$. Using the Rodriguez-Villegas transform, we use these results to construct large classes of "zeta-polynomials" (in the sense of Manin) arising from symmetric powers of semistable elliptic curves; these polynomials have a functional equation relating $s\mapsto 1-s$, and all of their zeros on the line $\operatorname{Re}(s)=1/2$.

We prove an explicit version of Weiss' bound on the least norm of a prime ideal in the Chebotarev density theorem, which is itself a significant improvement on the work of Lagarias, Montgomery, and Odlyzko. In order to accomplish this, we prove an explicit log-free zero density estimate and an explicit version of the zero-repulsion phenomenon for Hecke $L$-functions. As an application, we prove the first explicit nontrivial upper bound for the least prime represented by a positive-definite primitive binary quadratic form. We also present applications to the group of $\mathbb{F}_p$-rational points of an elliptic curve and congruences for the Fourier coefficients of holomorphic cuspidal modular forms., Comment: 45 pages. v1 subsumes arXiv:1510.08086 but adds too much new material to be considered a revised version; v2 exposition tightened, minor corrections, slight improvement in Theorem 1.1

We prove an explicit log-free zero density estimate and an explicit version of the zero-repulsion phenomenon of Deuring and Heilbronn for Hecke $L$-functions. In forthcoming work of the second author, these estimates will be used to establish explicit bounds on the least norm of a prime ideal in a congruence class group and improve upon existing explicit bounds for the least norm of a prime ideal in the Chebotarev density theorem., Comment: 32 pages

Using Duke's large sieve inequality for Hecke Gr{\"o}ssencharaktere and the new sieve methods of Maynard and Tao, we prove a general result on gaps between primes in the context of multidimensional Hecke equidistribution. As an application, for any fixed $0<\epsilon<\frac{1}{2}$, we prove the existence of infinitely many bounded gaps between primes of the form $p=a^2+b^2$ such that $|a|<\epsilon\sqrt{p}$. Furthermore, for certain diagonal curves $\mathcal{C}:ax^{\alpha}+by^{\beta}=c$, we obtain infinitely many bounded gaps between the primes $p$ such that $|p+1-\#\mathcal{C}(\mathbb{F}_p)|<\epsilon\sqrt{p}$.

Let $K/\mathbb{Q}$ be a number field. Let $\pi$ and $\pi^\prime$ be cuspidal automorphic representations of $\mathrm{GL}_d(\mathbb{A}_K)$ and $\mathrm{GL}_{d^\prime}(\mathbb{A}_K)$, and suppose that either both $d$ and $d'$ are at most 2 or at least one of $\pi$ and $\pi^\prime$ is self-dual. When $d=d^\prime=2$, we prove an unconditional and effective log-free zero density estimate for the Rankin-Selberg $L$-function $L(s,\pi\otimes\pi^\prime,K)$. For other choices of $d$ and $d^\prime$, we obtain similar results assuming that either $\pi$ or $\pi^\prime$ satisfies the generalized Ramanujan conjecture. With these density estimates, we make effective the Hoheisel phenomenon of Moreno regarding primes in short intervals and extend it to the context of the Sato-Tate conjecture; additionally, we bound the least prime in the Sato-Tate conjecture in analogy with Linnik's theorem on the least prime in an arithmetic progression. When $K=\mathbb{Q}$, we also prove an effective log-free density estimate for $L(s,\pi\otimes\pi^\prime,\mathbb{Q})$ averaged over twists by Dirichlet characters. With this second density estimate, we prove an averaged form of the prime number theorem in short intervals for $L(s,\pi\otimes\tilde{\pi},\mathbb{Q})$ when $\pi$ is a cuspidal automorphic representation of $\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbb{A}_{\mathbb{Q}})$.

Let $f(z)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty a(n)e^{2\pi i nz}\in S_k^{new}(\Gamma_0(N))$ be a newform of even weight $k\geq2$ that does not have complex multiplication. Then $a(n)\in\mathbb{R}$ for all $n$, so for any prime $p$, there exists $\theta_p\in[0,\pi]$ such that $a(p)=2p^{(k-1)/2}\cos(\theta_p)$. Let $\pi(x)=\#\{p\leq x\}$. For a given subinterval $I\subset[0,\pi]$, the now-proven Sato-Tate Conjecture tells us that as $x\to\infty$, \[ \#\{p\leq x:\theta_p\in I\}\sim \mu_{ST}(I)\pi(x),\quad \mu_{ST}(I)=\int_{I} \frac{2}{\pi}\sin^2(\theta)~d\theta. \] Let $\epsilon>0$. Assuming that the symmetric power $L$-functions of $f$ are automorphic, we prove that as $x\to\infty$, \[ \#\{p\leq x:\theta_p\in I\}=\mu_{ST}(I)\pi(x)+O\left(\frac{x}{(\log x)^{9/8-\epsilon}}\right), \] where the implied constant is effectively computable and depends only on $k,N,$ and $\epsilon$., Comment: 9 pages

Let $f(z)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty \lambda_f(n)e^{2\pi i n z}\in S_{k}^{new}(\Gamma_0(N))$ be a normalized Hecke eigenform of even weight $k\geq2$ on $\Gamma_0(N)$ without complex multiplication. Let $\mathbb{P}$ denote the set of all primes. We prove that the sequence $\{\lambda_f(p)\}_{p\in\mathbb{P}}$ does not satisfy Benford's Law in any base $b\geq2$. However, given a base $b\geq2$ and a string of digits $S$ in base $b$, the set \[ A_{\lambda_f}(b,S):=\{\text{$p$ prime : the first digits of $\lambda_f(p)$ in base $b$ are given by $S$}\} \] has logarithmic density equal to $\log_b(1+S^{-1})$. Thus $\{\lambda_f(p)\}_{p\in\mathbb{P}}$ follows Benford's Law with respect to logarithmic density. Both results rely on the now-proven Sato-Tate Conjecture., Comment: 10 pages. Referee comments implemented. To appear in International Journal of Number Theory

We generalize the classical Bombieri-Vinogradov theorem to a short interval, non-abelian setting. This leads to variants of the prime number theorem for short intervals where the primes lie in arithmetic progressions that are "twisted" by a splitting condition in a Galois extension $L/K$ of number fields. Using this result in conjunction with recent work of Maynard, we prove that rational primes in short intervals with a given splitting condition in a Galois extension $L/\mathbb{Q}$ exhibit dense clusters in short intervals. We explore several arithmetic applications related to questions of Serre regarding the nonvanishing Fourier coefficients of cuspidal modular forms, including finding dense clusters of fundamental discriminants $ d $ in short intervals for which the central values of $d$-quadratic twists of modular $L$-functions are non-vanishing., Comment: 11 pages. The level of distribution is now explicit. Application to the short-interval Chebotarev density theorem included

A new and exciting breakthrough due to Maynard establishes that there exist infinitely many pairs of distinct primes $p_1,p_2$ with $|p_1-p_2|\leq 600$ as a consequence of the Bombieri-Vinogradov Theorem. In this paper, we apply his general method to the setting of Chebotarev sets of primes. We study applications of these bounded gaps with an emphasis on ranks of prime quadratic twists of elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$, congruence properties of the Fourier coefficients of normalized Hecke eigenforms, and representations of primes by binary quadratic forms., Comment: 15 pages. Referee comments implemented. Research in the Mathematical Sciences 2014, 1:4

Let $f(z)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty a(n)q^n\in S^{\text{new}}_ k (\Gamma_0(N))$ be a newform with squarefree level $N$ that does not have complex multiplication. For a prime $p$, define $\theta_p\in[0,\pi]$ to be the angle for which $a(p)=2p^{( k -1)/2}\cos \theta_p $. Let $I\subset[0,\pi]$ be a closed subinterval, and let $d\mu_{ST}=\frac{2}{\pi}\sin^2\theta d\theta$ be the Sato-Tate measure of $I$. Assuming that the symmetric power $L$-functions of $f$ satisfy certain analytic properties (all of which follow from Langlands functoriality and the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis), we prove that if $x$ is sufficiently large, then \[ \left|\#\{p\leq x:\theta_p\in I\} -\mu_{ST}(I)\int_2^x\frac{dt}{\log t}\right|\ll\frac{x^{3/4}\log(N k x)}{\log x} \] with an implied constant of $3.34$. By letting $I$ be a short interval centered at $\frac{\pi}{2}$ and counting the primes using a smooth cutoff, we compute a lower bound for the density of positive integers $n$ for which $a(n)\neq0$. In particular, if $\tau$ is the Ramanujan tau function, then under the aforementioned hypotheses, we prove that \[ \lim_{x\to\infty}\frac{\#\{n\leq x:\tau(n)\neq0\}}{x}>1-1.54\times10^{-13}. \] We also discuss the connection between the density of positive integers $n$ for which $a(n)\neq0$ and the number of representations of $n$ by certain positive-definite, integer-valued quadratic forms., Comment: 29 pages. Significant revisions, including improvements in Theorems 1.2, 1.3, and 1.5 and a more detailed account of the contour integration, are included. Acknowledgements are updated