30 results on '"Thouroude, T."'
Search Results
2. Characterization of black spot resistance in diploid roses with QTL detection, meta-analysis and candidate-gene identification
- Author
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Lopez Arias, D. C., Chastellier, A., Thouroude, T., Bradeen, J., Van Eck, L., De Oliveira, Yannick, Paillard, S., Foucher, F., Hibrand-Saint Oyant, L., and Soufflet-Freslon, V.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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3. Genetic determinism of prickles in rose
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Zhou, N. N., Tang, K. X., Jeauffre, J., Thouroude, T., Arias, D. C. Lopez, Foucher, F., and Oyant, L. Hibrand-Saint
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- 2020
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- View/download PDF
4. A high-quality genome sequence of Rosa chinensis to elucidate ornamental traits
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Hibrand Saint-Oyant, L., Ruttink, T., Hamama, L., Kirov, I., Lakhwani, D., Zhou, N. N., Bourke, P. M., Daccord, N., Leus, L., Schulz, D., Van de Geest, H., Hesselink, T., Van Laere, K., Debray, K., Balzergue, S., Thouroude, T., Chastellier, A., Jeauffre, J., Voisine, L., Gaillard, S., Borm, T. J. A., Arens, P., Voorrips, R. E., Maliepaard, C., Neu, E., Linde, M., Le Paslier, M. C., Bérard, A., Bounon, R., Clotault, J., Choisne, N., Quesneville, H., Kawamura, K., Aubourg, S., Sakr, S., Smulders, M. J. M., Schijlen, E., Bucher, E., Debener, T., De Riek, J., and Foucher, F.
- Published
- 2018
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5. Genetic analysis of the flowering date and number of petals in rose
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Roman, H., Rapicault, M., Miclot, A. S., Larenaudie, M., Kawamura, K., Thouroude, T., Chastellier, A., Lemarquand, A., Dupuis, F., Foucher, F., Loustau, S., and Hibrand-Saint Oyant, L.
- Published
- 2015
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6. Characterization of the PEBP protein family in the genus Rosa
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Foucher, F., primary, Lakwani, D., additional, Chastellier, A., additional, Thouroude, T., additional, and Clotault, J., additional
- Published
- 2020
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7. High density SNP and SSR linkage map and QTL analysis for resistance to black spot in segregating rose population
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Lopez Arias, D.C., primary, Chastellier, A., additional, Thouroude, T., additional, Leduc, M., additional, Foucher, F., additional, Hibrand-Saint Oyant, L., additional, and Soufflet-Freslon, V., additional
- Published
- 2020
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8. Development of tools to study rose resistance to black spot
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Soufflet-Freslon, V., primary, Marolleau, B., additional, Thouroude, T., additional, Chastellier, A., additional, Pierre, S., additional, Bellanger, M.N., additional, Le Cam, B., additional, Bonneau, C., additional, Porcher, L., additional, Leclere, A., additional, Robert, F., additional, Felix, F., additional, Foucher, F., additional, and Hibrand-Saint Oyant, L., additional
- Published
- 2019
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9. Rose floral scent
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Baudino, S., primary, Sun, P., additional, Caissard, J.-C., additional, Nairaud, B., additional, Moja, S., additional, Magnard, J.-L., additional, Bony, A., additional, Jullien, F., additional, Schuurink, R.C., additional, Vergne, P., additional, Dubois, A., additional, Raymond, O., additional, Bendahmane, M., additional, Hibrand-Saint Oyant, L., additional, Jeauffre, J., additional, Clotault, J., additional, Thouroude, T., additional, Foucher, F., additional, and Blerot, B., additional
- Published
- 2019
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10. Selection of blooming seasonality in rose
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Soufflet-Freslon, V., primary, Clotault, J., additional, Araoux, E., additional, Pernet, A., additional, Thouroude, T., additional, Michel, G., additional, Jeauffre, J., additional, Kawamura, K., additional, Oghina-Pavie, C., additional, Hibrand-Saint Oyant, L., additional, and Foucher, F., additional
- Published
- 2019
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11. A high-quality sequence ofRosa chinensisto elucidate genome structure and ornamental traits
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Hibrand Saint-Oyant, L., primary, Ruttink, T., additional, Hamama, L., additional, Kirov, I., additional, Lakwani, D., additional, Zhou, N.-N., additional, Bourke, P.M., additional, Daccord, N., additional, Leus, L., additional, Schulz, D., additional, Van de Geest, H., additional, Hesselink, T., additional, Van Laere, K., additional, Balzergue, S., additional, Thouroude, T., additional, Chastellier, A., additional, Jeauffre, J., additional, Voisine, L., additional, Gaillard, S., additional, Borm, T.J.A., additional, Arens, P., additional, Voorrips, R.E., additional, Maliepaard, C., additional, Neu, E., additional, Linde, M., additional, Le Paslier, M.C., additional, Bérard, A., additional, Bounon, R., additional, Clotault, J., additional, Choisne, N., additional, Quesneville, H., additional, Kawamura, K., additional, Aubourg, S., additional, Sakr, S., additional, Smulders, M.J.M., additional, Schijlen, E., additional, Bucher, E., additional, Debener, T., additional, De Riek, J., additional, and Foucher, F., additional
- Published
- 2018
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12. THE CONTINUOUS FLOWERING GENE IN ROSE IS A FLORAL INHIBITOR
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Hibrand-Saint Oyant, L., primary, Randoux, M., additional, Jeauffre, J., additional, Thouroude, T., additional, Pierre, S., additional, Jammes, M.J., additional, Reynoird, J.P., additional, and Foucher, F., additional
- Published
- 2015
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13. A high-quality genome sequence of Rosa chinensisto elucidate ornamental traits
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Hibrand Saint-Oyant, L., Ruttink, T., Hamama, L., Kirov, I., Lakhwani, D., Zhou, N. N., Bourke, P. M., Daccord, N., Leus, L., Schulz, D., Van de Geest, H., Hesselink, T., Van Laere, K., Debray, K., Balzergue, S., Thouroude, T., Chastellier, A., Jeauffre, J., Voisine, L., Gaillard, S., Borm, T. J. A., Arens, P., Voorrips, R. E., Maliepaard, C., Neu, E., Linde, M., Le Paslier, M. C., Bérard, A., Bounon, R., Clotault, J., Choisne, N., Quesneville, H., Kawamura, K., Aubourg, S., Sakr, S., Smulders, M. J. M., Schijlen, E., Bucher, E., Debener, T., De Riek, J., and Foucher, F.
- Abstract
Rose is the world’s most important ornamental plant, with economic, cultural and symbolic value. Roses are cultivated worldwide and sold as garden roses, cut flowers and potted plants. Roses are outbred and can have various ploidy levels. Our objectives were to develop a high-quality reference genome sequence for the genus Rosaby sequencing a doubled haploid, combining long and short reads, and anchoring to a high-density genetic map, and to study the genome structure and genetic basis of major ornamental traits. We produced a doubled haploid rose line (‘HapOB’) from Rosa chinensis‘Old Blush’ and generated a rose genome assembly anchored to seven pseudo-chromosomes (512?Mb with N50 of 3.4?Mb and 564 contigs). The length of 512?Mb represents 90.1–96.1% of the estimated haploid genome size of rose. Of the assembly, 95% is contained in only 196 contigs. The anchoring was validated using high-density diploid and tetraploid genetic maps. We delineated hallmark chromosomal features, including the pericentromeric regions, through annotation of transposable element families and positioned centromeric repeats using fluorescent in situ hybridization. The rose genome displays extensive synteny with the Fragaria vescagenome, and we delineated only two major rearrangements. Genetic diversity was analysed using resequencing data of seven diploid and one tetraploid Rosaspecies selected from various sections of the genus. Combining genetic and genomic approaches, we identified potential genetic regulators of key ornamental traits, including prickle density and the number of flower petals. A rose APETALA2/TOEhomologue is proposed to be the major regulator of petal number in rose. This reference sequence is an important resource for studying polyploidization, meiosis and developmental processes, as we demonstrated for flower and prickle development. It will also accelerate breeding through the development of molecular markers linked to traits, the identification of the genes underlying them and the exploitation of synteny across Rosaceae.
- Published
- 2018
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14. A high-quality genome sequence of Rosa chinensis to elucidate ornamental traits
- Author
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Hibrand Saint-Oyant, L., Ruttink, T., Hamama, L., Kirov, I., Lakhwani, D., Zhou, N.N., Bourke, P.M., Daccord, N., Leus, L., Schulz, D., Van De Geest, H., Hesselink, T., Van Laere, K., Debray, K., Balzergue, S., Thouroude, T., Chastellier, A., Jeauffre, J., Voisine, L., Gaillard, S., Borm, T.J.A., Arens, P., Voorrips, R.E., Maliepaard, C., Neu, E., Linde, M., Le Paslier, M.C., Bérard, A., Bounon, R., Clotault, J., Choisne, N., Quesneville, H., Kawamura, K., Aubourg, S., Sakr, S., Smulders, M.J.M., Schijlen, E., Bucher, E., Debener, T., De Riek, J., and Foucher, F.
- Subjects
Genome structure ,Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik) ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Rosa chinensis ,15. Life on land ,Rosa ,Konferenzschrift - Abstract
Rose is the world’s most important ornamental plant, with economic, cultural and symbolic value. Roses are cultivated worldwide and sold as garden roses, cut flowers and potted plants. Roses are outbred and can have various ploidy levels. Our objectives were to develop a high-quality reference genome sequence for the genus Rosa by sequencing a doubled haploid, combining long and short reads, and anchoring to a high-density genetic map, and to study the genome structure and genetic basis of major ornamental traits. We produced a doubled haploid rose line (‘HapOB’) from Rosa chinensis ‘Old Blush’ and generated a rose genome assembly anchored to seven pseudo-chromosomes (512 Mb with N50 of 3.4 Mb and 564 contigs). The length of 512 Mb represents 90.1–96.1% of the estimated haploid genome size of rose. Of the assembly, 95% is contained in only 196 contigs. The anchoring was validated using high-density diploid and tetraploid genetic maps. We delineated hallmark chromosomal features, including the pericentromeric regions, through annotation of transposable element families and positioned centromeric repeats using fluorescent in situ hybridization. The rose genome displays extensive synteny with the Fragaria vesca genome, and we delineated only two major rearrangements. Genetic diversity was analysed using resequencing data of seven diploid and one tetraploid Rosa species selected from various sections of the genus. Combining genetic and genomic approaches, we identified potential genetic regulators of key ornamental traits, including prickle density and the number of flower petals. A rose APETALA2/TOE homologue is proposed to be the major regulator of petal number in rose. This reference sequence is an important resource for studying polyploidization, meiosis and developmental processes, as we demonstrated for flower and prickle development. It will also accelerate breeding through the development of molecular markers linked to traits, the identification of the genes underlying them and the exploitation of synteny across Rosaceae.
15. Unveiling the Patterns of Reticulated Evolutionary Processes with Phylogenomics: Hybridization and Polyploidy in the Genus Rosa.
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Debray K, Le Paslier MC, Bérard A, Thouroude T, Michel G, Marie-Magdelaine J, Bruneau A, Foucher F, and Malécot V
- Subjects
- Hybridization, Genetic, Likelihood Functions, Phylogeny, Polyploidy, Rosa genetics
- Abstract
Reticulation, caused by hybridization and allopolyploidization, is considered an important and frequent phenomenon in the evolution of numerous plant lineages. Although both processes represent important driving forces of evolution, they are mostly ignored in phylogenetic studies involving a large number of species. Indeed only a scattering of methods exists to recover a comprehensive reticulated evolutionary history for a broad taxon sampling. Among these methods, comparisons of topologies obtained from plastid markers with those from a few nuclear sequences are favored, even though they restrict in-depth studies of hybridization and polyploidization. The genus Rosa encompasses c. 150 species widely distributed throughout the northern hemisphere and represents a challenging taxonomic group in which hybridization and polyploidization are prominent. Our main objective was to develop a general framework that would take patterns of reticulation into account in the study of the phylogenetic relationships among Rosa species. Using amplicon sequencing, we targeted allele variation in the nuclear genome as well as haploid sequences in the chloroplast genome. We successfully recovered robust plastid and nuclear phylogenies and performed in-depth tests for several scenarios of hybridization using a maximum pseudo-likelihood approach on taxon subsets. Our diploid-first approach followed by hybrid and polyploid grafting resolved most of the evolutionary relationships among Rosa subgenera, sections, and selected species. Based on these results, we provide new directions for a future revision of the infrageneric classification in Rosa. The stepwise strategy proposed here can be used to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of other challenging taxonomic groups with large numbers of hybrid and polyploid taxa. [Amplicon sequencing; interspecific hybridization; polyploid detection; reticulate evolution.]., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2022
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16. Duplication and Specialization of NUDX1 in Rosaceae Led to Geraniol Production in Rose Petals.
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Conart C, Saclier N, Foucher F, Goubert C, Rius-Bony A, Paramita SN, Moja S, Thouroude T, Douady C, Sun P, Nairaud B, Saint-Marcoux D, Bahut M, Jeauffre J, Hibrand Saint-Oyant L, Schuurink RC, Magnard JL, Boachon B, Dudareva N, Baudino S, and Caissard JC
- Subjects
- Acyclic Monoterpenes, Domestication, Rosa genetics, Rosa metabolism, Rosaceae
- Abstract
Nudix hydrolases are conserved enzymes ubiquitously present in all kingdoms of life. Recent research revealed that several Nudix hydrolases are involved in terpenoid metabolism in plants. In modern roses, RhNUDX1 is responsible for formation of geraniol, a major compound of rose scent. Nevertheless, this compound is produced by monoterpene synthases in many geraniol-producing plants. As a consequence, this raised the question about the origin of RhNUDX1 function and the NUDX1 gene evolution in Rosaceae, in wild roses or/and during the domestication process. Here, we showed that three distinct clades of NUDX1 emerged in the Rosoidae subfamily (Nudx1-1 to Nudx1-3 clades), and two subclades evolved in the Rosa genus (Nudx1-1a and Nudx1-1b subclades). We also showed that the Nudx1-1b subclade was more ancient than the Nudx1-1a subclade, and that the NUDX1-1a gene emerged by a trans-duplication of the more ancient NUDX1-1b gene. After the transposition, NUDX1-1a was cis-duplicated, leading to a gene dosage effect on the production of geraniol in different species. Furthermore, the NUDX1-1a appearance was accompanied by the evolution of its promoter, most likely from a Copia retrotransposon origin, leading to its petal-specific expression. Thus, our data strongly suggest that the unique function of NUDX1-1a in geraniol formation was evolved naturally in the genus Rosa before domestication., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.)
- Published
- 2022
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17. Morphological studies of rose prickles provide new insights.
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Zhou N, Simonneau F, Thouroude T, Oyant LH, and Foucher F
- Abstract
Prickles are common structures in plants that play a key role in defense against herbivores. In the Rosa genus, prickles are widely present with great diversity in terms of form and density. For cut rose production, prickles represent an important issue, as they can damage the flower and injure workers. Our objectives were to precisely describe the types of prickles that exist in roses, their tissues of origin and their development. We performed a detailed histological analysis of prickle initiation and development in a rose F1 population. Based on the prickle investigation of 110 roses, we proposed the first categorization of prickles in the Rosa genus. They are mainly divided into two categories, nonglandular prickles (NGPs) and glandular prickles (GPs), and subcategories were defined based on the presence/absence of hairs and branches. We demonstrated that NGPs and GPs both originate from multiple cells of the ground meristem beneath the protoderm. For GPs, the gland cells originate from the protoderm of the GP at the early developmental stage. Our findings clearly demonstrate that prickles are not modified trichomes (which originate from the protoderm). These conclusions are different from the current mainstream hypothesis. These results provide a foundation for further studies on prickle initiation and development in plants., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2021
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18. Diversity and selection of the continuous-flowering gene, RoKSN, in rose.
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Soufflet-Freslon V, Araou E, Jeauffre J, Thouroude T, Chastellier A, Michel G, Mikanagi Y, Kawamura K, Banfield M, Oghina-Pavie C, Clotault J, Pernet A, and Foucher F
- Abstract
Blooming seasonality is an important trait in ornamental plants and was selected by humans. Wild roses flower only in spring whereas most cultivated modern roses can flower continuously. This trait is explained by a mutation of a floral repressor gene, RoKSN, a TFL1 homologue. In this work, we studied the origin, the diversity and the selection of the RoKSN gene. We analyzed 270 accessions, including wild and old cultivated Asian and European roses as well as modern roses. By sequencing the RoKSN gene, we proposed that the allele responsible for continuous-flowering, RoKSN
copia , originated from Chinese wild roses (Indicae section), with a recent insertion of the copia element. Old cultivated Asian roses with the RoKSNcopia allele were introduced in Europe, and the RoKSNcopia allele was progressively selected during the 19th and 20th centuries, leading to continuous-flowering modern roses. Furthermore, we detected a new allele, RoKSNA181 , leading to a weak reblooming. This allele encodes a functional floral repressor and is responsible for a moderate accumulation of RoKSN transcripts. A transient selection of this RoKSNA181 allele was observed during the 19th century. Our work highlights the selection of different alleles at the RoKSN locus for recurrent blooming in rose.- Published
- 2021
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19. Functional diversification in the Nudix hydrolase gene family drives sesquiterpene biosynthesis in Rosa × wichurana.
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Sun P, Dégut C, Réty S, Caissard JC, Hibrand-Saint Oyant L, Bony A, Paramita SN, Conart C, Magnard JL, Jeauffre J, Abd-El-Haliem AM, Marie-Magdelaine J, Thouroude T, Baltenweck R, Tisné C, Foucher F, Haring M, Hugueney P, Schuurink RC, and Baudino S
- Subjects
- Farnesol metabolism, Genes, Plant genetics, Genes, Plant physiology, Phylogeny, Plant Proteins genetics, Plant Proteins physiology, Pyrophosphatases genetics, Pyrophosphatases physiology, Quantitative Trait Loci genetics, Rosa genetics, Sequence Alignment, Nudix Hydrolases, Plant Proteins metabolism, Pyrophosphatases metabolism, Rosa metabolism, Sesquiterpenes metabolism
- Abstract
Roses use a non-canonical pathway involving a Nudix hydrolase, RhNUDX1, to synthesize their monoterpenes, especially geraniol. Here we report the characterization of another expressed NUDX1 gene from the rose cultivar Rosa x wichurana, RwNUDX1-2. In order to study the function of the RwNUDX1-2 protein, we analyzed the volatile profiles of an F
1 progeny generated by crossing R. chinensis cv. 'Old Blush' with R. x wichurana. A correlation test of the volatilomes with gene expression data revealed that RwNUDX1-2 is involved in the biosynthesis of a group of sesquiterpenoids, especially E,E-farnesol, in addition to other sesquiterpenes. In vitro enzyme assays and heterologous in planta functional characterization of the RwNUDX1-2 gene corroborated this result. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was performed using the data of E,E-farnesol contents in the progeny and a genetic map was constructed based on gene markers. The RwNUDX1-2 gene co-localized with the QTL for E,E-farnesol content, thereby confirming its function in sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis in R. x wichurana. Finally, in order to understand the structural bases for the substrate specificity of rose NUDX proteins, the RhNUDX1 protein was crystallized, and its structure was refined to 1.7 Å. By molecular modeling of different rose NUDX1 protein complexes with their respective substrates, a structural basis for substrate discrimination by rose NUDX1 proteins is proposed., (© 2020 Society for Experimental Biology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)- Published
- 2020
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20. Biosynthesis of 2-Phenylethanol in Rose Petals Is Linked to the Expression of One Allele of RhPAAS .
- Author
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Roccia A, Hibrand-Saint Oyant L, Cavel E, Caissard JC, Machenaud J, Thouroude T, Jeauffre J, Bony A, Dubois A, Vergne P, Szécsi J, Foucher F, Bendahmane M, and Baudino S
- Subjects
- Alleles, Biosynthetic Pathways, Flowers genetics, Flowers metabolism, Odorants, Phenylethyl Alcohol chemistry, Plant Proteins genetics, Plant Proteins metabolism, Quantitative Trait Loci, Rosa genetics, Phenylethyl Alcohol metabolism, Plant Proteins physiology, Rosa metabolism
- Abstract
Floral scent is one of the most important characters in horticultural plants. Roses ( Rosa spp.) have been cultivated for their scent since antiquity. However, probably by selecting for cultivars with long vase life, breeders have lost the fragrant character in many modern roses, especially the ones bred for the cut flower market. The genetic inheritance of scent characters has remained elusive so far. In-depth knowledge of this quantitative trait is thus very much needed to breed more fragrant commercial cultivars. Furthermore, rose hybrids harbor a composite genomic structure, which complexifies quantitative trait studies. To understand rose scent inheritance, we characterized a segregating population from two diploid cultivars, Rosa × hybrida cv H190 and Rosa wichurana , which have contrasting scent profiles. Several quantitative trait loci for the major volatile compounds in this progeny were identified. One among these loci contributing to the production of 2-phenylethanol, responsible for the characteristic odor of rose, was found to be colocalized with a candidate gene belonging to the 2-phenylethanol biosynthesis pathway: the PHENYLACETALDEHYDE SYNTHASE gene RhPAAS An in-depth allele-specific expression analysis in the progeny demonstrated that only one allele was highly expressed and was responsible for the production of 2-phenylethanol. Unexpectedly, its expression was found to start early during flower development, before the production of the volatile 2-phenylethanol, leading to the accumulation of glycosylated compounds in petals., (© 2019 American Society of Plant Biologists. All Rights Reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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21. On the characterization of flowering curves using Gaussian mixture models.
- Author
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Proïa F, Pernet A, Thouroude T, Michel G, and Clotault J
- Subjects
- Algorithms, Computer Simulation, Principal Component Analysis, Flowers physiology, Models, Statistical, Normal Distribution, Rosa physiology
- Abstract
In this paper, we develop a statistical methodology applied to the characterization of flowering curves using Gaussian mixture models. Our study relies on a set of rosebushes flowering data, and Gaussian mixture models are mainly used to quantify the reblooming properties of each one. In this regard, we also suggest our own selection criterion to take into account the lack of symmetry of most of the flowering curves. Three classes are created on the basis of a principal component analysis conducted on a set of reblooming indicators, and a subclassification is made using a longitudinal k-means algorithm which also highlights the role played by the precocity of the flowering. In this way, we obtain an overview of the correlations between the features we decided to retain on each curve. In particular, results suggest the lack of correlation between reblooming and flowering precocity. The pertinent indicators obtained in this study will be a first step towards the comprehension of the environmental and genetic control of these biological processes., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
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22. Nineteenth century French rose (Rosa sp.) germplasm shows a shift over time from a European to an Asian genetic background.
- Author
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Liorzou M, Pernet A, Li S, Chastellier A, Thouroude T, Michel G, Malécot V, Gaillard S, Briée C, Foucher F, Oghina-Pavie C, Clotault J, and Grapin A
- Subjects
- Asia, Europe, France, Genotyping Techniques, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, Plant Breeding history, Rosa genetics
- Abstract
Hybridization with introduced genetic resources is commonly practiced in ornamental plant breeding to introgress desired traits. The 19th century was a golden age for rose breeding in France. The objective here was to study the evolution of rose genetic diversity over this period, which included the introduction of Asian genotypes into Europe. A large sample of 1228 garden roses encompassing the conserved diversity cultivated during the 18th and 19th centuries was genotyped with 32 microsatellite primer pairs. Its genetic diversity and structure were clarified. Wide diversity structured in 16 genetic groups was observed. Genetic differentiation was detected between ancient European and Asian accessions, and a temporal shift from a European to an Asian genetic background was observed in cultivated European hybrids during the 19th century. Frequent crosses with Asian roses throughout the 19th century and/or selection for Asiatic traits may have induced this shift. In addition, the consistency of the results with respect to a horticultural classification is discussed. Some horticultural groups, defined according to phenotype and/or knowledge of their pedigree, seem to be genetically more consistent than others, highlighting the difficulty of classifying cultivated plants. Therefore, the horticultural classification is probably more appropriate for commercial purposes rather than genetic relatedness, especially to define preservation and breeding strategies., (© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology.)
- Published
- 2016
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23. RoKSN, a floral repressor, forms protein complexes with RoFD and RoFT to regulate vegetative and reproductive development in rose.
- Author
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Randoux M, Davière JM, Jeauffre J, Thouroude T, Pierre S, Toualbia Y, Perrotte J, Reynoird JP, Jammes MJ, Hibrand-Saint Oyant L, and Foucher F
- Subjects
- Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Flowers physiology, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Genes, Plant genetics, Genetic Complementation Test, Inflorescence genetics, Inflorescence growth & development, Mutation genetics, Plant Proteins genetics, Plants, Genetically Modified, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Repressor Proteins genetics, Reproduction, Rosa genetics, Flowers growth & development, Plant Proteins metabolism, Repressor Proteins metabolism, Rosa growth & development
- Abstract
FT/TFL1 family members have been known to be involved in the development and flowering in plants. In rose, RoKSN, a TFL1 homologue, is a key regulator of flowering, whose absence causes continuous flowering. Our objectives are to functionally validate RoKSN and to explore its mode of action in rose. We complemented Arabidopsis tfl1 mutants and ectopically expressed RoKSN in a continuous-flowering (CF) rose. Using different protein interaction techniques, we studied RoKSN interactions with RoFD and RoFT and possible competition. In Arabidopsis, RoKSN complemented the tfl1 mutant by rescuing late flowering and indeterminate growth. In CF roses, the ectopic expression of RoKSN led to the absence of flowering. Different branching patterns were observed and some transgenic plants had an increased number of leaflets per leaf. In these transgenic roses, floral activator transcripts decreased. Furthermore, RoKSN was able to interact both with RoFD and the floral activator, RoFT. Protein interaction experiments revealed that RoKSN and RoFT could compete with RoFD for repression and activation of blooming, respectively. We conclude that RoKSN is a floral repressor and is also involved in the vegetative development of rose. RoKSN forms a complex with RoFD and could compete with RoFT for repression of flowering., (© 2013 INRA. New Phytologist © 2013 New Phytologist Trust.)
- Published
- 2014
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24. Impacts of light and temperature on shoot branching gradient and expression of strigolactone synthesis and signalling genes in rose.
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Djennane S, Hibrand-Saint Oyant L, Kawamura K, Lalanne D, Laffaire M, Thouroude T, Chalain S, Sakr S, Boumaza R, Foucher F, and Leduc N
- Subjects
- Chromosome Mapping, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant radiation effects, Genes, Plant genetics, Phylogeny, Plant Shoots genetics, Plant Shoots radiation effects, Quantitative Trait Loci genetics, Rosa physiology, Rosa radiation effects, Signal Transduction radiation effects, Lactones metabolism, Light, Plant Shoots growth & development, Rosa genetics, Rosa growth & development, Signal Transduction genetics, Temperature
- Abstract
Light and temperature are two environmental factors that deeply affect bud outgrowth. However, little is known about their impact on the bud burst gradient along a stem and their interactions with the molecular mechanisms of bud burst control. We investigated this question in two acrotonic rose cultivars. We demonstrated that the darkening of distal buds or exposure to cold (5 °C) prior to transfer to mild temperatures (20 °C) both repress acrotony, allowing the burst of quiescent medial and proximal buds. We sequenced the strigolactone pathway MAX-homologous genes in rose and studied their expression in buds and internodes along the stem. Only expressions of RwMAX1, RwMAX2 and RwMAX4 were detected. Darkening of the distal part of the shoot triggered a strong increase of RwMAX2 expression in darkened buds and bark-phloem samples, whereas it suppressed the acropetal gradient of the expression of RwMAX1 observed in stems fully exposed to light. Cold treatment induced an acropetal gradient of expression of RwMAX1 in internodes and of RwMAX2 in buds along the stem. Our results suggest that the bud burst gradient along the stem cannot be explained by a gradient of expression of RwMAX genes but rather by their local level of expression at each individual position., (© 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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25. Kernel methods for phenotyping complex plant architecture.
- Author
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Kawamura K, Hibrand-Saint Oyant L, Foucher F, Thouroude T, and Loustau S
- Subjects
- Chromosome Mapping, Computer Simulation, Crosses, Genetic, Databases as Topic, Inflorescence anatomy & histology, Inheritance Patterns genetics, Phenotype, Principal Component Analysis, Quantitative Trait Loci genetics, Statistics, Nonparametric, Support Vector Machine, Algorithms, Rosa anatomy & histology
- Abstract
The Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) mapping of plant architecture is a critical step for understanding the genetic determinism of plant architecture. Previous studies adopted simple measurements, such as plant-height, stem-diameter and branching-intensity for QTL mapping of plant architecture. Many of these quantitative traits were generally correlated to each other, which give rise to statistical problem in the detection of QTL. We aim to test the applicability of kernel methods to phenotyping inflorescence architecture and its QTL mapping. We first test Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) over an artificial dataset of simulated inflorescences with different types of flower distribution, which is coded as a sequence of flower-number per node along a shoot. The ability of discriminating the different inflorescence types by SVM and KPCA is illustrated. We then apply the KPCA representation to the real dataset of rose inflorescence shoots (n=1460) obtained from a 98 F1 hybrid mapping population. We find kernel principal components with high heritability (>0.7), and the QTL analysis identifies a new QTL, which was not detected by a trait-by-trait analysis of simple architectural measurements. The main tools developed in this paper could be use to tackle the general problem of QTL mapping of complex (sequences, 3D structure, graphs) phenotypic traits., (© 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2014
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- View/download PDF
26. Gibberellins regulate the transcription of the continuous flowering regulator, RoKSN, a rose TFL1 homologue.
- Author
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Randoux M, Jeauffre J, Thouroude T, Vasseur F, Hamama L, Juchaux M, Sakr S, and Foucher F
- Subjects
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens genetics, Florigen pharmacology, Flowers growth & development, Flowers metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental drug effects, Genes, Plant drug effects, Gibberellins metabolism, Gibberellins pharmacology, Green Fluorescent Proteins metabolism, Microscopy, Confocal, Plants, Genetically Modified genetics, Plants, Genetically Modified growth & development, Plants, Genetically Modified metabolism, Promoter Regions, Genetic drug effects, RNA, Plant genetics, RNA, Plant metabolism, Rosa growth & development, Rosa metabolism, Seasons, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Nicotiana genetics, Up-Regulation, Florigen metabolism, Flowers genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant drug effects, Gibberellins genetics, Rosa genetics
- Abstract
The role of gibberellins (GAs) during floral induction has been widely studied in the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Less is known about this control in perennials. It is thought that GA is a major regulator of flowering in rose. In spring, low GA content may be necessary for floral initiation. GA inhibited flowering in once-flowering roses, whereas GA did not block blooming in continuous-flowering roses. Recently, RoKSN, a homologue of TFL1, was shown to control continuous flowering. The loss of RoKSN function led to continuous flowering behaviour. The objective of this study was to understand the molecular control of flowering by GA and the involvement of RoKSN in this inhibition. In once-flowering rose, the exogenous application of GA(3) in spring inhibited floral initiation. Application of GA(3) during a short period of 1 month, corresponding to the floral transition, was sufficient to inhibit flowering. At the molecular level, RoKSN transcripts were accumulated after GA(3) treatment. In spring, this accumulation is correlated with floral inhibition. Other floral genes such as RoFT, RoSOC1, and RoAP1 were repressed in a RoKSN-dependent pathway, whereas RoLFY and RoFD repression was RoKSN independent. The RoKSN promoter contained GA-responsive cis-elements, whose deletion suppressed the response to GA in a heterologous system. In summer, once-flowering roses did not flower even after exogenous application of a GA synthesis inhibitor that failed to repress RoKSN. A model is presented for the GA inhibition of flowering in spring mediated by the induction of RoKSN. In summer, factors other than GA may control RoKSN.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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27. The TFL1 homologue KSN is a regulator of continuous flowering in rose and strawberry.
- Author
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Iwata H, Gaston A, Remay A, Thouroude T, Jeauffre J, Kawamura K, Oyant LH, Araki T, Denoyes B, and Foucher F
- Subjects
- Arabidopsis Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Genetic Loci, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Phylogeny, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Retroelements, Seasons, Flowers physiology, Fragaria physiology, Plant Proteins genetics, Plant Proteins metabolism, Rosa physiology
- Abstract
Flowering is a key event in plant life, and is finely tuned by environmental and endogenous signals to adapt to different environments. In horticulture, continuous flowering (CF) is a popular trait introduced in a wide range of cultivated varieties. It played an essential role in the tremendous success of modern roses and woodland strawberries in gardens. CF genotypes flower during all favourable seasons, whereas once-flowering (OF) genotypes only flower in spring. Here we show that in rose and strawberry continuous flowering is controlled by orthologous genes of the TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1) family. In rose, six independent pairs of CF/OF mutants differ in the presence of a retrotransposon in the second intron of the TFL1 homologue. Because of an insertion of the retrotransposon, transcription of the gene is blocked in CF roses and the absence of the floral repressor provokes continuous blooming. In OF-climbing mutants, the retrotransposon has recombined to give an allele bearing only the long terminal repeat element, thus restoring a functional allele. In OF roses, seasonal regulation of the TFL1 homologue may explain the seasonal flowering, with low expression in spring to allow the first bloom. In woodland strawberry, Fragaria vesca, a 2-bp deletion in the coding region of the TFL1 homologue introduces a frame shift and is responsible for CF behaviour. A diversity analysis has revealed that this deletion is always associated with the CF phenotype. Our results demonstrate a new role of TFL1 in perennial plants in maintaining vegetative growth and modifying flowering seasonality., (© 2011 INRA. The Plant Journal © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Quantitative trait loci for flowering time and inflorescence architecture in rose.
- Author
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Kawamura K, Hibrand-Saint Oyant L, Crespel L, Thouroude T, Lalanne D, and Foucher F
- Subjects
- Chromosome Mapping, Crosses, Genetic, Genetic Linkage, Genetic Variation, Genome, Plant genetics, Genotype, Least-Squares Analysis, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Time Factors, Inflorescence anatomy & histology, Inflorescence genetics, Quantitative Trait Loci genetics, Rosa anatomy & histology, Rosa genetics
- Abstract
The pattern of development of the inflorescence is an important characteristic in ornamental plants, where the economic value is in the flower. The genetic determinism of inflorescence architecture is poorly understood, especially in woody perennial plants with long life cycles. Our objective was to study the genetic determinism of this characteristic in rose. The genetic architectures of 10 traits associated with the developmental timing and architecture of the inflorescence, and with flower production were investigated in a F(1) diploid garden rose population, based on intensive measurements of phenological and morphological traits in a field. There were substantial genetic variations in inflorescence development traits, with broad-sense heritabilities ranging from 0.82 to 0.93. Genotypic correlations were significant for most (87%) pairs of traits, suggesting either pleiotropy or tight linkage among loci. However, non-significant and low correlations between some pairs of traits revealed two independent developmental pathways controlling inflorescence architecture: (1) the production of inflorescence nodes increased the number of branches and the production of flowers; (2) internode elongation connected with frequent branching increased the number of branches and the production of flowers. QTL mapping identified six common QTL regions (cQTL) for inflorescence developmental traits. A QTL for flowering time and many inflorescence traits were mapped to the same cQTL. Several candidate genes that are known to control inflorescence developmental traits and gibberellin signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana were mapped in rose. Rose orthologues of FLOWERING LOCUS T (RoFT), TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (RoKSN), SPINDLY (RoSPINDLY), DELLA (RoDELLA), and SLEEPY (RoSLEEPY) co-localized with cQTL for relevant traits. This is the first report on the genetic basis of complex inflorescence developmental traits in rose.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Genomic approach to study floral development genes in Rosa sp.
- Author
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Dubois A, Remay A, Raymond O, Balzergue S, Chauvet A, Maene M, Pécrix Y, Yang SH, Jeauffre J, Thouroude T, Boltz V, Martin-Magniette ML, Janczarski S, Legeai F, Renou JP, Vergne P, Le Bris M, Foucher F, and Bendahmane M
- Subjects
- Databases, Genetic, Expressed Sequence Tags, Flowers ultrastructure, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Meristem genetics, Meristem growth & development, Meristem ultrastructure, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Transcriptome genetics, Flowers genetics, Flowers growth & development, Genes, Developmental genetics, Genes, Plant genetics, Genomics methods, Rosa genetics, Rosa growth & development
- Abstract
Cultivated for centuries, the varieties of rose have been selected based on a number of flower traits. Understanding the genetic and molecular basis that contributes to these traits will impact on future improvements for this economically important ornamental plant. In this study, we used scanning electron microscopy and sections of meristems and flowers to establish a precise morphological calendar from early rose flower development stages to senescing flowers. Global gene expression was investigated from floral meristem initiation up to flower senescence in three rose genotypes exhibiting contrasted floral traits including continuous versus once flowering and simple versus double flower architecture, using a newly developed Affymetrix microarray (Rosa1_Affyarray) tool containing sequences representing 4765 unigenes expressed during flower development. Data analyses permitted the identification of genes associated with floral transition, floral organs initiation up to flower senescence. Quantitative real time PCR analyses validated the mRNA accumulation changes observed in microarray hybridizations for a selection of 24 genes expressed at either high or low levels. Our data describe the early flower development stages in Rosa sp, the production of a rose microarray and demonstrate its usefulness and reliability to study gene expression during extensive development phases, from the vegetative meristem to the senescent flower.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. A survey of flowering genes reveals the role of gibberellins in floral control in rose.
- Author
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Remay A, Lalanne D, Thouroude T, Le Couviour F, Hibrand-Saint Oyant L, and Foucher F
- Subjects
- Arabidopsis genetics, Chromosome Mapping, Data Collection, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Multigene Family genetics, Phylogeny, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Repressor Proteins genetics, Repressor Proteins isolation & purification, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Signal Transduction genetics, Flowers genetics, Flowers physiology, Genes, Plant, Gibberellins metabolism, Rosa genetics, Rosa growth & development
- Abstract
Exhaustive studies on flowering control in annual plants have provided a framework for exploring this process in other plant species, especially in perennials for which little molecular data are currently available. Rose is a woody perennial plant with a particular flowering strategy--recurrent blooming, which is controlled by a recessive locus (RB). Gibberellins (GA) inhibit flowering only in non-recurrent roses. Moreover, the GA content varies during the flowering process and between recurrent and non-recurrent rose. Only a few rose genes potentially involved in flowering have been described, i.e. homologues of ABC model genes and floral genes from EST screening. In this study, we gained new information on the molecular basis of rose flowering: date of flowering and recurrent blooming. Based on a candidate gene strategy, we isolated genes that have similarities with genes known to be involved in floral control in Arabidopsis (GA pathway, floral repressors and integrators). Candidate genes were mapped on a segregating population, gene expression was studied in different organs and transcript abundance was monitored in growing shoot apices. Twenty-five genes were studied. RoFT, RoAP1 and RoLFY are proposed to be good floral markers. RoSPY and RB co-localized in our segregating population. GA metabolism genes were found to be regulated during floral transition. Furthermore, GA signalling genes were differentially regulated between a non-recurrent rose and its recurrent mutant. We propose that flowering gene networks are conserved between Arabidopsis and rose. The GA pathway appears to be a key regulator of flowering in rose. We postulate that GA metabolism is involved in floral initiation and GA signalling might be responsible for the recurrent flowering character.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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