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The purpose of the experiment was to study the degradation characteristics of the products of four roughage feeds, sugarcane tail leaves, corn stalks, elephant grass and cassava branch, fermented by cellulase (CE) in buffalo rumen, so as to provide a reference for the selection and utilization of roughage in buffalo breeding. Three buffaloes with permanent rumen fistula were used as experimental animals. Nylon bag method was used to determine the nutritional components and rumen degradation characteristics of four kinds of roughage and their products after CE fermentation. The results showed that before fermentation, the content of crude protein (CP) in sugarcane tail leaves and elephant grass was significantly higher than that in corn stalks and cassava branch (P<0.05). The content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in cassava branch was the lowest (P<0.05), and the content of acid detergent fiber (ADF) was the highest (P<0.05). After CE treatment, the content of CP in fermentation group increased in different degrees, while the content of NDF and ADF decreased in different degrees. Before fermentation, the effective degradation rates of all nutrients were as follows: Elephant grass > sugarcane tail leaf > corn stalk > cassava branch. The effective degradation rates of DM, NDF, and ADF of elephant grass were significantly higher than those of other groups (P<0.05), the effective degradation rates of CP of elephant grass were significantly higher than those of corn stalk and cassava branch (P<0.05), and the effective degradation rates of nutrients of cassava branch were significantly lower than those of other groups (P<0.05). After CE treatment, compared with the control group, the effective degradation rates of DM, CP, NDF, and ADF in the fermentation group were improved to varying degrees. The study indicates that the feed value of the four kinds of roughage is as follows: Elephant grass > sugarcane tail leaf > corn straw > cassava branch. Adding CE can improve the rumen degradation rate of the four kinds of roughage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wind power is one of the cheapest and direct methods to alleviate negative impacts on environment therefore the demand of efficient wind energy conversion system is increasing. Uneven distribution of wind impacts the performance of Wind Turbine (WT) system so constant and noise free power at output is required. The pitching angle varies according to the Wind Speed (WS), and the power output equation of the entire WT system depends upon WT pitch angle. Pitch control is widely used to optimize power above rated WS. This paper proposes an efficient adaptive pitch control controller to maintain the output power of a 5 MW WT in dynamic wind conditions. Compared to low level control loops (such as PI), this illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed controller. The model was tested in a 5 MW WT GH bladed system.

Energy demand is rapidly increasing with the industrialization and economic growth. Industrialization leads to enhancing global warming along with acid rain, environmental pollution. Therefore, the need for power systems, which composed of alternate energy sources. Mainly, the researchers are contributing to the field of wind and solar power. Wind energy is getting prime importance because of its abundant nature and totally emission free. In addition to it, many researchers are focusing on solar power to enhance its output efficiency, which is very beneficial to fulfill the energy demand. Multi energy systems (MES), which include wind, solar, battery system, and utility grid are used. This paper emphasizes the integration of various energy sources. The research proposes the design of various energy systems such as wind, solar and battery storage along with the utility grid. The sources are coupled and connected to the alternating current (AC) load. The proposed system is designed and simulated by using MATLAB/Simulink. The output power results of the various interconnected sources are satisfactory with the high power quality.

The ability of the floating offshore wind turbine foundation to withstand harsh wind and wave conditions is intrinsically linked to the meticulousness employed in the design of the mooring system. Therefore, it is vital to conduct research to reveal the variations in sensitivity of new mooring materials parameters and the response characteristics of the foundation in the presence of intricate operational circumstances. A fully coupled time-domain dynamic analysis is performed via the commercial software AQWA to examine the VolturnUS-S semi-submersible foundation, specifically engineered to support the IEA 15 MW offshore reference wind turbine. The numerical simulation results indicate that synthetic fibers, specifically Aramid and high-modulus polyethylene, can replace the steel wire as mooring materials. At the same time, the mooring arrangement, length, diameter, and fairlead position influence foundation motions and mooring tensions, bringing valuable insight into the fluctuation patterns of these responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the clinical potential and safety of Moluodan to reverse gastric precancerous lesions. Methods: Patients aged 18–70 years diagnosed with moderate‐to‐severe atrophy and/or moderate‐to‐severe intestinal metaplasia, with or without low‐grade dysplasia, and negative for Helicobacter pylori were recruited in this randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐controlled trial. The primary outcome was the improvement of global histological diagnosis at 1‐year follow‐up endoscopy using the operative link for gastritis assessment, the operative link for gastric intestinal metaplasia assessment, and the disappearance rate of dysplasia. Results: Between November 3, 2017 and January 27, 2021, 166 subjects were randomly assigned to the Moluodan group, 168 to the folic acid group, 84 to the combination group, and 84 to the high‐dose Moluodan group. The improvement in global histological diagnosis was achieved in 60 (39.5%) subjects receiving Moluodan, 59 (37.8%) receiving folic acid, 26 (32.1%) receiving the combined drugs, and 36 (47.4%) receiving high‐dose Moluodan. Moluodan was non‐inferior to folic acid (95% confidence interval: −9.2 to 12.5; P = 0.02). High‐dose Moluodan had a trend for better protective efficacy, though there was no statistical significance. The disappearance rate of dysplasia was 82.8% in the Moluodan group, which was superior to folic acid (53.9%; P = 0.006). No drug‐related serious adverse events were observed. Conclusions: One pack of Moluodan three times daily for 1 year was safe and effective in reversing gastric precancerous lesions, especially dysplasia. Doubling its dose showed a better efficacy trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]