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Yuan-yuan Wu,1 Wen-Hui Liao,1 Zong-ling Niu,1 Si-Han Zhou,1 Tian-Tian Wu,1 Zhe Li,2 Qi-Hua Zhao,1 Jing-Yuan Xu,2 Ming-jin Xie1 1School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ming-jin Xie, Email mjxie@ynu.edu.cnBackground: Gallium (III) metal-organic complexes have been shown to have the ability to inhibit tumor growth, but the poor water solubility of many of the complexes precludes further application. The use of materials with high biocompatibility as drug delivery carriers for metal-organic complexes to enhance the bioavailability of the drug is a feasible approach.Methods: Here, we modified the ligands of gallium 8-hydroxyquinolinate complex with good clinical anticancer activity by replacing the 8-hydroxyquinoline ligands with 5-bromo-8-hydroxyquinoline (HBrQ), and the resulting Ga(III) + HBrQ complex had poor water solubility. Two biocompatible materials, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and graphene oxide (GO), were used to synthesize the corresponding Ga(III) + HBrQ complex nanoparticles (NPs) BSA/Ga/HBrQ NPs and GO/Ga/HBrQ NPs in different ways to enhance the drug delivery of the metal complex.Results: Both of BSA/Ga/HBrQ NPs and GO/Ga/HBrQ NPs can maintain stable existence in different solution states. In vitro cytotoxicity test showed that two nanomedicines had excellent anti-proliferation effect on HCT116 cells, which shown higher level of intracellular ROS and apoptosis ratio than that of cisplatin and oxaliplatin. In addition, the superior emissive properties of BSA/Ga/HBrQ NPs and GO/Ga/HBrQ NPs allow their use for in vivo imaging showing highly effective therapy in HCT116 tumor-bearing mouse models.Conclusion: The use of biocompatible materials for the preparation of NPs against poorly biocompatible metal-organic complexes to construct drug delivery systems is a promising strategy that can further improve drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: gallium complex, nanomedicine, anticancer, colorectal cells, drug delivery, in vivo imaging

As a common malignant tumor among women, ovarian cancer poses a serious threat to their health. This study demonstrates that long non-coding RNA NRSN2-AS1 is over-expressed in ovarian cancer tissues using patient sample and tissue microarrays. In addition, NRSN2-AS1 is shown to promote ovarian cancer cell proliferation and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, NRSN2-AS1 stabilizes protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2) to activate the β-catenin pathway via repressing MG-53-mediated ubiquitinated degradation of PTK2, thereby facilitating ovarian cancer progression. Rescue experiments verify the function of the NRSN2-AS1/PTK2/β-catenin axis and the effects of MG53 on this axis in ovarian cancer cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the key role of the NRSN2-AS1/PTK2/β-catenin axis for the first time and explores its potential clinical applications in ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIM Injuries to the primary dentition affect children's esthetics, function, and mental health. They may also affect the development of the permanent teeth. The knowledge of dentists about deciduous tooth trauma is rarely evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of dentists in China regarding traumatic dental injuries to primary teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS A self-administered online questionnaire containing questions on demographic data and knowledge based on a clinical scenario was given to a purposive sample of dentists, recruited by a non-probability convenience sampling method. The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis, with the significance level set at P

Background Metal regulatory transcription factor 2 (MTF2) has been previously reported as a protein binding to the metal response element of the mouse metallothionein promoter, which is involved in chromosome inactivation and pluripotency. However, the function of MTF2 in tumor formation and progression has not yet been completely elucidated. Methods The expression of MTF2 and clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue microarray of 240 specimens. The role of MTF2 on HCC progression was determined using MTT, crystal violet, and transwell assays. Tumor growth was monitored in a xenograft model, and intrahepatic metastasis models were established. Results The expression of MTF2 was increased in HCC and strongly associated with the clinical characteristics and prognosis. Forced expression of MTF2 in HCC cells significantly promoted cell growth, migration, and invasion in vitro. In contrast, downregulation of MTF2 inhibited cell growth, migration, and invasion in vitro. Moreover, knock down of MTF2 suppressed tumorigenesis and intrahepatic metastasis of HCC cells in vivo. Mechanistically, MTF2 overexpression may promote growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition processes of HCC cells by facilitating Snail transcription. Conclusion MTF2 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells by regulating Snail transcription, providing a potential therapeutic candidate for patients with HCC.

Background/Objective: To retrospectively analyze the characteristics, tendencies, and success rates of dental treatments for severe early childhood caries (SECC) under general anesthesia (GA) in in northwest China. Study design: Children diagnosed with SECC were included in this retrospective study. From January 2015 to December 2018, they received dental treatment under GA at Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University. Demographic information, caries status and treatment characteristics were collected from electronic medical record system. Success rates of different treatments at 6-month and 12-month follow up were also analyzed. Results: A total of 846 children (477 male, 369 female) received dental treatment under GA. The case number was increased from 148 in 2015 to 278 in 2018. There were 81.2% and 70.8% of the children participated the 6-month and 12-month follow up. SSC and pulpotomy was the most successful restorations and pulp therapy, with the success rate of 97.09% and 93.98% in 12-month follow up, respectively. The use of crown restorations (including composite resin crown and stainless steel crown) and pulp reservation therapies (including indirect pulp therapy and pulpotomy) were significantly increased while composite resin filling and pulpectomy decreased during 2015 to 2018. Conclusion: There has been an increasing demand for dental treatment under GA for children with SECC in northwest China, with a trend toward younger ages. With better clinical outcomes, crown restorations and pulp reservation therapies were the fastest-growing treatments under GA.

An anion double-walled metal-organic framework [Co2Li4(BTC)3(DMF)(H2O)·(CH3)2N]n (1) based on heterobimetallic Li+ and Co2+ ions was successfully constructed. Utilizing selective destruction and formation of Co-O/Co-N bonds in the metal chains, [Co2Li4(BTC)3(py)(H2O)·(CH3)2N]n (2) and [Co2Li4(BTC)3(pi)(H2O)·(CH3)2N]n (3) with the same skeleton but distinct pore structures can be surprisingly obtained. Additionally, compounds 2 and 3 can be transformed into [Co2Li4(BTC)3(H2O)2·(CH3)2N]n (4) by soaking them in an ethanol solution. This kind of single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation successfully regulates the pore structure of MOFs and enriches the diversity of the pore wall on the premise of retaining the original framework. Most impressively, compound 1 shows high adsorption capacity for Cs+ cations and is a good candidate to selectively accommodate Cs+ among the common alkali metal ions, which is future identified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) test. Meanwhile, compound 1 can selectively adsorb methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV) molecules over Rhodamine B (RMB).

The association between intestinal flora and ulcerative colitis (UC) was studied in order to provide a basis and method for clinical treatment. Fresh fecal samples were collected from 30 active UC patients and 10 healthy controls. The intestinal flora DNA from each sample was extracted and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was carried out using HiSeq platform to identify the intestinal flora in fecal samples. The richness and diversity of intestinal flora in UC patients were significantly lower than those in healthy control group (P Synergistetes (P Firmicutes (P Veillonella (P Ruminococcus and Coprococcus (P Tenericutes (P Bacteroides (P Escherichia and Sutterella (P

To analyze the effect of recombinant connective tissue growth factor(rCTGF) on proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp cells(hDPCs).Human dental pulp cells were cultured in vitro and treated with rCTGF at different concentrations (0, 1, 10, 100 ng/mL). The proliferation of dental pulp cells was detected by CCK8 assay. The formation of mineralized nodules was determined by alizarin red staining and half-quantitative alizarin Red S assay. qRT-PCR was utilized to detect the expression of odontogenic differentiation related genes DMP-1, DSPP and OC, and the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 signaling pathway was detected by Western blot. The data were analyzed with SAS 9.3 software package.High concentration of rCTGF(100 ng/mL) could promote proliferation of dental pulp cells. After mineralization induction, 10 g/mL rCTGF had the best effect on promoting the formation of mineralized nodules in dental pulp cells, and calcium ion deposition was the most obvious(P0.05). The expression of odontogenic differentiation related genes DMP-1 and DSPP was significantly up-regulated(P0.05). Western blot results showed that hDPCs stimulated by 10 ng/mL rCTGF could increase the expression of p-ERK1/2.rCTGF may promote the proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp cells through activating ERK1/2 signaling pathway.

Sorafenib may provide survival benefits for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. However, tumor cells can display primary or secondary resistance to Sorafenib. To identify genes capable of conveying Sorafenib resistance, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR transcriptional activation library (SAM) in human Huh7 cells. We identified that a group of sgRNAs were significantly enriched in Sorafenib resistant Huh7 cells, which indicated that these sgRNAs up-regulated their target genes and induced resistance. We finally identified LRP8 as a key gene that can drive HCC cell to acquire sorafenib resistance. All three sgRNAs targeting LRP8 were identified in Sorafenib resistant Huh7 cells with high copy. We also showed that sorafenib-acquired resistant Huh7 cells have much higher LRP8 expression level than parental Huh7 cells. We proved that overexpression of LRP8 in HCC cell lines activated β-catenin and significantly promoted its resistance to Sorafenib. We further showed that overexpression of LRP8 reduced the apoptosis level of HCC cell lines. To summary, genome-scale CRISPR activation screening identifies a role of LRP8 in Sorafenib resistance in Hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background/aims Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are considered to be a public dental health problem worldwide. The aim of the current study was to provide the worldwide tendency and perspectives in TDIs in the last two decades via bibliometric analysis. Methods ''Tooth injuries'' was searched as the Medical Subject Headings term within PubMed with the date range from 1999 to 2018. Two investigators perused information in the articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The articles were independently categorized according to the following aspects: (a) annual scholarly output; (b) leading countries or regions; (c) leading journals; (d) productive authors; (e) citations; (f) study design; (f) distribution of topics; and (g) the type of dentition and TDIs. VOSviewer 1.6.7 and Citespace 5.2 were used for analyzing and visualizing bibliometric networks. Results A total of 2627 articles about traumatic dental injuries were published and indexed in PubMed during the two decades, and the number of publications on traumatic dental injuries was rising in general. The research outputs were mainly concentrated in developed countries and affiliated hospitals of universities. Brazil was the most productive country. The journal Dental Traumatology had the most contributions to the scientific research of traumatic dental injuries. "Case report" was the most frequent type of article (36.50%), followed by cross-sectional studies (19.57%) and case-control studies (13.67%). Most studies focused on the treatment of TDIs (38.94%), especially for avulsion (21.01%), crown fracture (9.71%), and intrusion (5.25%). Permanent teeth (66%) were the dominant dentition. Conclusion There is a lack of high-quality well-designed studies such as cohort studies. The number of publications on prevention and the primary dentition is disproportionate in relation to their significance.

Background/Aims: Immunosuppression frequently occurs during the development of sepsis and is closely associated with poor outcome. Characteristics of immunosuppressive CD4+ T lymphocytes in sepsis have been reported to include dramatic cell loss and inactivation. p53 acts as a pivotal transcription factor in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, which control tumorigenesis. However, few studies have investigated the universal role of p53 in immune cells, especially in the development of sepsis. Methods: A mouse model of sepsis was produced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and isolated splenic CD4+ T cells or Jurkat cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in vitro. We used genetic knockout (p53-/-) mice or the specific inhibitor pifithrin-α (PFT) to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of p53. Cell proliferation ability was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and apoptotic cells were stained with annexin V/propidium iodide and then analyzed using a FACScan flow cytometer. Protein and mRNA expression levels were measured by western blotting and real-time PCR, and cytokine levels in culture supernatants were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Splenic CD4+ T lymphocytes from CLP mice expressed gradually elevated p53 mRNA and protein levels, which resulted in extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 inactivation and expression of apoptotic molecules. Specific inhibition of p53 by PFT or genetic knockout (p53-/-) maintained CD4+ T lymphocyte homeostasis, as indicated by protection from cell loss and restoration of immune function. A medium dose of PFT improved the survival rate of mice, while mortality rate showed only a slight improvement in p53-/- mice compared with wild-type mice. The in vitro responses to LPS were consistent with these results, and upregulation of p53 clearly affected the proliferation, apoptosis, and immune dysfunction of CD4+ T lymphocytes. In addition, we confirmed the regulatory effect of p53 in Jurkat cells, and inhibition of p53 by either inhibition or short hairpin RNA transduction markedly protected cells from LPS stimulation. Conclusion: Elevation of p53 in T lymphocytes during sepsis or endotoxin challenge might be responsible for inhibiting cell proliferation and enhancing both apoptosis and immune dysfunction of T cells.

As an important tumor marker, the expression level of premicroRNA-21 (pre-miR-21) can provide important information for early diagnosis, drug treatment and prognosis of tumor. Thus, developing pre-miR-21 detection is of great importance for diagnosis of disease. Herein, a direct, simple and rapid method for quantitative detection of pre-miR-21 was developed. This detecting system contained the tool of molecular beacon which could hybridize specifically with pre-miR-21 and form duplex to induce fluorescence signal change. When loop bases hybridized with the pre-miR-21 in the solution to form a double-stranded duplex, the fluorophore and the quencher was separated and caused fluorescence recovery. We developed the new method for pre-miR-21 assay with detection limit of 0.5 nM. Under the optimal conditions, the method was used to detect the level of pre-miR-21 in different tumor cells and tissues. The results showed that pre-miR-21 level was tightly related with tumor cells origins and malignancy degree. In 16 cases of gastric cancer tissues and adjacent tissues, the level of pre-miR-21 in 12 cases of cancer tissues was higher than that of adjacent tissues; 3 cases had lower expression level than that of adjacent tissues, and 1 case had no significant difference. Furthermore, Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) method was used in to confirm the reliability of the detection results. The consistent results of the two different methods clearly showed that the molecular beacon assay with advantages of simplicity and rapidity for pre-miR-21 detection was hopeful for the wide usability in the function research and clinical diagnosis of pre-microRNA.

Sepsis is essentially a result from immunological dissonance provoked by severe insults such as fulminant infection, severe trauma and extensive burns. It or iginates from excessive inflammatory responses and develops into immune paralysis or immunosupression. It has been demonstrated that cellular immune response plays a v ital role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. In the stage of excessive inflammation, several kinds of immune cells are activated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and subsequently produce a vast number of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while during the stage of immune paralysis, excessive apoptosis could result in decrease of immune cells w ith functional compromise. Inhibitor y or regulator y immune cell subsets eventually dominate the direction of immune response and the production of inhibitory cytokines is enhanced. For clinical practice, surveillance of changes and shift in overall immune function is a basis for immunotherapy, especially to immunomodulation therapy. However, there is still a lack of adequate indexes or markers for integral evaluation of host immune state in the development of sepsis. DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2017.02.02

A wealth of studies illustrate the powerful antioxidant activities and health-promoting functions of dietary phenolic compounds, e.g., anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. Ferulate is methylated from caffeoyl CoA using S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) as methyl donor catalyzed by caffeoyl CoA methyltransferase (CCoAOMT). Here we show that Arabidopsis CCoAOMT7 contributes to ferulate content in the stem cell wall. CCoAOMT7 was further shown to bind S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH), a critical step in SAM synthesis to release feedback suppression on CCoAOMT. CCoAOMT7 also bound S-adenosyl-L-methionine synthases (SAMSs) in vivo, which were mediated by SAHH1. Interruptions of endogenous SAHH1 by artificial miRNA or SAMSs by T-DNA insertion significantly reduced ferulate contents in the stem cell wall. This data reveals a novel protein complex of SAM synthesis cycle associated with O-methyltransferase and provides new insights into cellular methylation processes.

Autophagy is a degradative pathway that plays an essential role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Most early studies of autophagy focused on its involvement in age-associated degeneration and nutrient deprivation. However, the immunological functions of autophagy have become more widely studied in recent years. Autophagy has been shown to be an intrinsic cellular defense mechanism in the innate and adaptive immune responses. Cytokines belong to a broad and loose category of proteins and are crucial for innate and adaptive immunity. Inhibitory cytokines have evolved to permit tolerance to self while also contributing to the eradication of invading pathogens. Interactions between inhibitory cytokines and autophagy have recently been reported, revealing a novel mechanism by which autophagy controls the immune response. In this review, we discuss interactions between autophagy and the regulatory cytokines IL-10, transforming growth factor-β, and IL-27. We also mention possible interactions between two newly discovered cytokines, IL-35 and IL-37, and autophagy.

The Habib™ EndoHBP catheter is a novel bipolar radiofrequency catheter developed for intraluminal ablation to relieve malignant extrahepatic biliary obstruction. Clinical experience with its use is limited and scattered. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility and safety of this technique. A single central retrospective analysis was performed with patients who underwent percutaneous intraluminal radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with biliary stenting for treatment of extrahepatic obstructive jaundice between September 2011 and May 2014. A Habib™ EndoHBP catheter was used for RFA. Clinical and telephonic follow-ups were carried out. Procedure-related complications, stent patency, patient survival rate and postoperative biochemical tests were investigated. All the 47 patients tolerated well a total of 65 RFA procedures with self-expandable metal stents placed. The predominant disease was distal cholangiocarcinoma (16 of 47 cases). No procedure-related hemobilia or infections occurred. The main postablation complication was pain which could be controlled by analgesics. One patient suffered abdominal hemorrhage, diagnosed by blood test and abdominal ultrasonography and cured with conservative therapy. Significantly decreased TBIL and DBIL levels (P

To compare the efficacy of Mtwo R and Reciproc with that of hand files in removing filling material during root canal retreatment.The root canals of forty-five human extracted mandibular central incisors were cleaned and shaped to a size 40 and filled with gutta-percha and sealer using a lateral compaction technique. The teeth were divided into 3 groups. The filling material was removed with hand files, Mtwo R and Reciproc, respectively. The debris extruded out of the apical foramen was collected and weighted. The working time was recorded. Then the teeth were split longitudinally, observed under microscope, and evaluated. The data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 13.0 software package.There was no significant difference among 3 groups for debris extrusion (P0.05). Removal of filling material with Mtwo R and Reciproc consumed less time (P0.05).NiTi retreatment instruments can not remove all filling material during root canal retreatment, but can reduce working time.

Anaerobic fungi reside in the gut of herbivore and synergize with associated methanogenic archaea to decompose ingested plant biomass. Despite their potential for use in bioconversion industry, only a few natural fungus–methanogen co-cultures have been isolated and characterized. In this study we identified three co-cultures of Piromyces with Methanobrevibacter ruminantium from the rumen of yaks grazing on the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau. The representative co-culture, namely (Piromyces + M. ruminantium) Yak-G18, showed remarkable polysaccharide hydrolase production, especially xylanase. Consequently, it was able to degrade various lignocellulose substrates with a biodegrading capability superior to most previously identified fungus or fungus–methanogen co-culture isolates. End-product profiling analysis validated the beneficial metabolic impact of associated methanogen on fungus as revealed by high-yield production of methane and acetate and sustained growth on lignocellulose. Together, our data demonstrated a great potential of (Piromyces + M. ruminantium) Yak-G18 co-culture for use in industrial bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass.

in vitro batch cultures were performed to determine the effect of Enterococcus faecium at inclusion levels of 0 (Control), 1.33, 2.67, 4, 5.33 and 6.67×106 CFU/mL in culture fluids consisted of 25 mL filtrated rumen fluid and 50 mL buffer solution on rumen degradability, kinetics of gas production, and fermentation characteristics of 3 typical total mixed rations in northern China with different forage and/or concentrate ingredients (MF, a ration with a mixed forage combination of corn silage and alfalfa hay; CSA, a ration with a single forage of corn stalks and same concentrate in MF; CSB, a ration with same forage in CSA but concentrate ingredients different from MF and CSB). After 72 h incubation, in vitro dry matter disappearance and cumulative gas production were greater in MF than CSA and CSB (P

Introduction In previous studies, we found that hypoxia promoted the mineralization of dental pulp cells (DPCs). However, the clinical application of hypoxia as a therapy is questionable or unfeasible. Deferoxamine (DFO), a medication for iron overload, has also been shown to induce hypoxia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of DFO on the repair ability of DPCs. Methods DPCs were obtained by using a tissue explant technique in vitro and were treated with different concentrations of DFO or hypoxia culture for 2 days. The viability, proliferation, migration, and odontogenic differentiation of DPCs were assayed and analyzed. The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) was assessed through Western blotting. Results Ten micromolars of DFO enhanced the expression of HIF-1α similarly to hypoxia and did not affect the viability of DPCs for 2 days. Furthermore, the proliferation, migration, and odontogenic differentiation of DPCs were promoted by DFO. Conclusions These results suggest that DFO might improve the repair ability of DPCs by HIF-1α.

Background/Aims: As a vital degradation and recycling system, autophagy plays an essential role in regulating the differentiation of stem cells. We previously showed that iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) could promote the repair ability of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Here, we investigated the effect of DFO in autophagy and the role of autophagy in regulating the migration and odontoblast differentiation of DPSCs. Methods: Transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were performed to evaluate the autophagic activity of DPSCs. Transmigration assay, alkaline phosphatase staining/activity, alizarin red S staining and quantitative PCR were performed to examine the migration and odontoblast differentiation of DPSCs. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the effects of ROS scavenger in autophagy induction were also detected. Autophagy inhibitors (3-MA and bafilomycin A1) and lentiviral vectors carrying ATG5 shRNA sequences were used for autophagy inhibition. Results: Early exposure to DFO promoted the mineralization of DPSCs and increased autophagic activity. Autophagy inhibition suppressed DFO-induced DPSC migration and odontoblast differentiation. Furthermore, DFO treatment could induce autophagy partly through hypoxia-inducible factor 1α/B cell lymphoma 2/adenovirus E1B 19K-interacting protein 3 (HIF-1α/BNIP3) pathway in a ROS-dependent manner. Conclusion: DFO increased DPSC migration and differentiation, which might be modulated through ROS-induced autophagy.

With the advent of the age of social mobile and big data, communication devices not only become the necessity of modern life, but also permeate almost every facet of people’s lives. The arrival and development of the information era has brought a series of revolution to people’s special activities, thus causing the change in the cities’ special structure. In recent years, the studies on urban internal spatial structure have always been the hot field of architecture, economics, geography and etc. This paper first explains the internal space structure of the city. According to the situation of limitations of traditional researching methods, the article based on the big data of mobile location-based service that mesh divides the cities and defines the regions where the density of mobile usage is higher than the average as mobile hotspot. Then through the observation of grid mobile hotspot, we can acquire the recognition of urban public system and internal functional divisions under different space and time law. Taking Nanchang City for example, through mobile hotspot method, we can come to the conclusion that the CBD business area in Honggutan region, industrial area in Xiaolan region, and most living area in the eastern part of River Fu qualifies the current city planning of Nanchang, which could provide reference for the planning department.

The clinical efficacy of intraductal radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with Habib™ EndoHPB catheter, a newly developed intervention for malignant extrahepatic biliary obstruction, remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of intraductal RFA. Data from 71 patients with extrahepatic distal cholangiocarcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. The study patients were divided into RFA and control groups. The RFA group had undergone percutaneous transhepatic intraductal RFA with a Habib™ EndoHPB catheter, followed by placement of covered or uncovered biliary self-expandable metallic stents (SEMs) whereas the control group had undergone percutaneous transhepatic covered or uncovered SEMs placement. Procedure-related complications, stent patency, patient survival, and postoperative serum bilirubin concentrations were compared between the two groups. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary (FACT-Hep) questionnaire was administered to evaluate functional status, improvement in clinical manifestations, and quality of life. The RFA group had a longer median stent patency than the control group (p = 0.001 for uncovered SEMs placement). Higher functional well-being, hepatobiliary-specific cancer subscale, Trial Outcome Index, and total FACT-Hep scores were observed during post-procedure follow-up in the RFA group. However, median survival did not differ significantly between the two groups (p > 0.05). Prolongation of stent patency and better functional status and quality of life, which are all important clinical endpoints, were observed in patients treated with intraductal RFA. Prospective randomized controlled clinical trials are necessary to further investigate the clinical efficacy and long-term benefits of intraductal RFA.

AIM: To explore a prophylactic procedure to prevent splenic artery steal syndrome (SASS), as well as a therapeutic intervention to correct it. METHODS: Forty-three liver transplant patients were enrolled in a non-randomized controlled trial, with the eligible criterion that the diameter of the splenic artery is more than 5 mm and/or 1.5 times of the diameter of the hepatic artery. The procedure of splenic artery banding was performed in 28 of the 43 patients, with the other 15 patients studied as a control group. SASS and other complications were compared between these two groups. A new therapeutic intervention, temporary incomplete blockade of the splenic artery with a balloon, was performed to treat SASS in this study. RESULTS: The incidence of SASS was decreased by banding the splenic artery (0/28 vs 5/15, P = 0.006), and the same result was observed in total complications associated with prophylactic procedures (2/28 vs 6/15, P = 0.014). Five patients in the control group developed SASS within 5 d after OLT, 2 of whom were treated by coil embolization of the splenic artery, whereas the other 3 by temporary blockade of the splenic artery. Reappeared or better hepatic arteries with improved systolic amplitude and increased diastolic flow were detected by Doppler ultrasonography in all the 5 patients. Local splenic ischemic necrosis and nonanastomotic biliary stricture were diagnosed respectively in one patient treated by coil embolization, and no collateral complication was detected in patients treated by temporary blockade of the splenic artery. CONCLUSION: SASS should be avoided during the operation by banding the splenic artery. Temporary blockade of the splenic artery is a new safe and effective intervention for SASS.

To establish a method for detection of reactive oxygen species(ROS) of human dental pulp cells(HDPCs) by flow cytometry.HDPCs were obtained using tissue explant technique in vitro. The subcultured cells were exposed to peroxide oxygen(H2O2) of different concentrations from 50 μmol/L to 400 μmol/L for 30 minutes, then incubated with two different concentrations of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), which were 10 μmol/L and 20 μmol/L for 20 minutes at 37 degrees centigrade in dark. The fluorescence intensities of intracellular dichlorofluorescein(DCF) were detected by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS 13.0 software software.The positive rate varied with different concentrations of detectors. The fluorescence intensities remained insignificant difference among samples incubated with the same concentration of detector and H(2)O(2),and increased by rising of the incubating concentration of H(2)O(2).The detector with concentration of 20 μmol/L shows higher detector loading rate(positive rate). The intracellular ROS level changes as the H(2)O(2) treatment concentration rising from 50 to 400 μmol/L. The application of flow cytometry to measure the ROS in HDPCs is simple, reliable and stable.

Introduction Reactive oxygen species are a group of metabolic intermediates produced during oxidative metabolism in eukaryotic cells. They include superoxide anion (O 2 − ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), hydroxyl radical (·OH), and 1 O 2 . Of these intermediates, H 2 O 2 is the most stable. Dental pulp cells can be invaded by tooth bleaching, laser radiation, and dental materials. This can influence the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species. Apoptosis, which is the best-known form of programmed cell death, is pivotal to tissue development and regeneration. Little information is available regarding the relationship between H 2 O 2 and apoptosis of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether H 2 O 2 can induce apoptosis in hDPCs and its signaling way. Methods HDPCs were obtained by using a modified tissue explant technique in vitro and cultured at 37°C, 20% O 2 (5% CO 2 , 95% air) in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium. Cell viability was investigated by methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by using the annexin V–fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide apoptosis assay and flow cytometry. Expression of activated caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, and β-actin was analyzed by using Western blot. Results Cell viability of hDPCs decreased more in treated groups than in the control group from days 1 to 7. The relative number of apoptotic cells and the expression of activated caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 were much higher in groups exposed to 20 and 50 μmol/L H 2 O 2 . Conclusions These results imply that low concentrations of H 2 O 2 are cytotoxic to hDPCs and induce apoptosis in hDPCs in a caspase-9–dependent way.

According to the acoustic theory and the working principle of piezoelectric accelerometers, a vector hydrophone of co-vibrating type is proposed from three-axis piezoelectric accelerometers with vibration-type vector hydrophones. To miniaturize low-frequency vector hydrophones, a kind of three-axis piezoelectric accelerometers with high sensitivity and small sizes was designed, whose output is electric charge with the sensitivity of each channel up to 11000pC/g. Moveore, the accelerometer is without internal ICP conversion circuit. On this basis, a spherical vector hydrophone with three velocity channels and one channel of sound pressure has been developed. The diameter of the vector hydrophone is 130mm, the frequency band is of 20–1000HZ, the velocity-channel sound pressure sensitivity is of −178dB(1000Hz, 0dB=1V/µPa)and the channel sound pressure sensitivity is of −211dB. Results show that the diameter of the spherical vector hydrophone operating at electric charge output mode can be reduced from 220mm to 130mm without lowering the work standards of vector hydrophones.