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43 results on '"Tidjani Alou, Maryam"'

11. Multifaceted modes of action of the anticancer probiotic Enterococcus hirae

Author

Goubet, Anne-Gaëlle, Wheeler, Richard, Fluckiger, Aurélie, Qu, Bo, Lemaître, Fabien, Iribarren, Kristina, Mondragón, Laura, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, Pizzato, Eugénie, Durand, Sylvère, Derosa, Lisa, Aprahamian, Fanny, Bossut, Noélie, Moya-Nilges, Maryse, Derrien, Diane, Chen, Guo, Leduc, Marion, Joseph, Adrien, Pons, Nicolas, Le Chatelier, Emmanuelle, Segata, Nicola, Yonekura, Satoru, Iebba, Valerio, Kepp, Oliver, Raoult, Didier, André, Fabrice, Kroemer, Guido, Boneca, Ivo Gomperts, Zitvogel, Laurence, and Daillère, Romain

Published
2021
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12. Ileal immune tonus is a prognosis marker of proximal colon cancer in mice and patients

Author

Picard, Marion, Yonekura, Satoru, Slowicka, Karolina, Petta, Ioanna, Rauber, Conrad, Routy, Bertrand, Richard, Corentin, Iebba, Valerio, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, Becharef, Sonia, Ly, Pierre, Pizzato, Eugenie, Lehmann, Christian H. K., Amon, Lukas, Klein, Christophe, Opolon, Paule, Gomperts Boneca, Ivo, Scoazec, Jean-Yves, Hollebecque, Antoine, Malka, David, Ghiringhelli, François, Dudziak, Diana, Berx, Geert, Vereecke, Lars, van Loo, Geert, Kroemer, Guido, Zitvogel, Laurence, and Roberti, Maria Paula

Published
2021
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14. Increased fecal ethanol and enriched ethanol-producing gut bacteria Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Enterocloster bolteae, Mediterraneibacter gnavus and Streptococcus mutans in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Author

Mbaye, Babacar, primary, Magdy Wasfy, Reham, additional, Borentain, Patrick, additional, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, additional, Mottola, Giovanna, additional, Bossi, Vincent, additional, Caputo, Aurelia, additional, Gerolami, Rene, additional, and Million, Matthieu, additional

Published
2023
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16. Chemotherapy-induced ileal crypt apoptosis and the ileal microbiome shape immunosurveillance and prognosis of proximal colon cancer

Author

Roberti, Maria Paula, Yonekura, Satoru, Duong, Connie P. M., Picard, Marion, Ferrere, Gladys, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, and Rauber, Conrad

Subjects
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) -- Health aspects -- Physiological aspects -- Usage, Colon cancer -- Prognosis -- Drug therapy -- Physiological aspects, Chemotherapy -- Physiological aspects -- Usage, Ileum -- Physiological aspects -- Health aspects -- Usage, Cancer -- Chemotherapy, Biological sciences, Health
Abstract

The prognosis of colon cancer (CC) is dictated by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, including follicular helper T (T.sub.FH) cells and the efficacy of chemotherapy-induced immune responses. It remains unclear whether gut microbes contribute to the elicitation of T.sub.FH cell-driven responses. Here, we show that the ileal microbiota dictates tolerogenic versus immunogenic cell death of ileal intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and the accumulation of T.sub.FH cells in patients with CC and mice. Suppression of IEC apoptosis led to compromised chemotherapy-induced immunosurveillance against CC in mice. Protective immune responses against CC were associated with residence of Bacteroides fragilis and Erysipelotrichaceae in the ileum. In the presence of these commensals, apoptotic ileal IECs elicited PD-1.sup.+ T.sub.FH cells in an interleukin-1R1- and interleukin-12-dependent manner. The ileal microbiome governed the efficacy of chemotherapy and PD-1 blockade in CC independently of microsatellite instability. These findings demonstrate that immunogenic ileal apoptosis contributes to the prognosis of chemotherapy-treated CC. Local microbiome composition influences treatment efficacy of chemotherapy in colon cancer via modulation of tolerogenic versus immunogenic ileal intestinal epithelial cell death, which in turn influences follicular helper T cell priming., Author(s): Maria Paula Roberti [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , Satoru Yonekura [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.4] , Connie P. M. Duong [sup.1] [sup.2] , Marion Picard [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.5] , Gladys Ferrere [sup.1] [...]

Published
2020
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17. Ethanol-Producing Enterocloster bolteae Is Enriched in Chronic Hepatitis B-Associated Gut Dysbiosis: A Case–Control Culturomics Study

Author

Magdy Wasfy, Reham, primary, Mbaye, Babacar, additional, Borentain, Patrick, additional, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, additional, Murillo Ruiz, Maria Leticia, additional, Caputo, Aurelia, additional, Andrieu, Claudia, additional, Armstrong, Nicholas, additional, Million, Matthieu, additional, and Gerolami, Rene, additional

Published
2023
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18. Preliminary landscape of Candidatus Saccharibacteria in the human microbiome

Author

Naud, Sabrina, primary, Valles, Camille, additional, Abdillah, Abdourahim, additional, Abou Chacra, Linda, additional, Mekhalif, Fatima Zouina, additional, Ibrahim, Ahmad, additional, Caputo, Aurelia, additional, Baudoin, Jean-Pierre, additional, Gouriet, Frédérique, additional, Bittar, Fadi, additional, Lagier, Jean-Christophe, additional, Ranque, Stéphane, additional, Fenollar, Florence, additional, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, additional, and Raoult, Didier, additional

Published
2023
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23. Characterization of Alistipes montrealensis sp. nov., Isolated from Human Feces of a Patient with Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Author

Routy, Bertrand, primary, Richard, Corentin, additional, Benlaïfaoui, Myriam, additional, Lapierre, Simon Grandjean, additional, Armstrong, Nicholas, additional, Al-Saleh, Afnan, additional, Boko, Mélodie, additional, Jacq, Maxime, additional, Watson, Ian R., additional, Mihalcioiu, Catalin, additional, Elkrief, Arielle, additional, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, additional, Messaoudene, Meriem, additional, and Diop, Khoudia, additional

Published
2022
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24. Description of Acinetobacter ihumii sp. nov., Microbacterium ihumii sp. nov., and Gulosibacter massiliensis sp. nov., three new bacteria isolated from human blood

Author

Yacouba, Abdourahamane, primary, Sissoko, Sibiri, additional, Tchoupou Saha, Ornella La Fortune, additional, Haddad, Gabriel, additional, Dubourg, Grégory, additional, Gouriet, Frédérique, additional, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, additional, Alibar, Stéphane, additional, Million, Matthieu, additional, Lagier, Jean-Christophe, additional, Raoult, Didier, additional, Fenollar, Florence, additional, Fournier, Pierre-Edouard, additional, and Lo, Cheikh Ibrahima, additional

Published
2022
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25. Draft genomes and descriptions of Urmitella timonensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Marasmitruncus massiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from severely malnourished African children using culturomics

Author

Bellali, Sara, Haddad, Gabriel, Pham, Thi-Phuong-Thao, Iwaza, Rim, Ibrahim, Ahmad, Armstrong, Nicholas, Fadlane, Amael, Couderc, Carine, Diallo, Aldiouma, Sokhna, Cheikh, Million, Matthieu, Raoult, Didier, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU Marseille), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA)

Subjects
DNA, Bacterial, Culturomics, Urmitella timonensis, MESH: Humans, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Taxono-genomics, MESH: DNA, Bacterial, MESH: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, New taxa, MESH: Child, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Marasmitruncus massiliensis, Humans, Female, MESH: Phylogeny, Child, MESH: Female, Human gut microbiota, Phylogeny
Abstract

International audience; Abstract Two strains, designated as Marseille-P2918 T and Marseille-P3646 T , were isolated from a 14-week-old Senegalese girl using culturomics: Urmitella timonensis strain Marseille-P2918 T (= CSUR P2918, = DSM 103634) and Marasmitruncus massiliensis strain Marseille-P3646 T (= CSUR P3646, = CCUG72353). Both strains were rod-shaped, anaerobic, spore forming motile bacteria. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains Marseille-P2918 T (LT598554) and Marseille-P3646 T (LT725660) shared 93.25% and 94.34% identity with Tissierella praeacuta ATCC 25539 T and Anaerotruncus colihominis CIP 107754 T , their respective phylogenetically closest species with standing in nomenclature. Therefore, strain Marseille-P2918 T is classified within the family Tissierellaceae and order Tissierellales whereas strain Marseille-P3646 T is classified within the family Oscillospiraceae and order Eubacteriales . The genome of strain Marseille-P2918 T had a size of 2.13 Mb with a GC content of 50.52% and includes six scaffolds and six contigs, and that of strain Marseille-P3646 T was 3.76 Mbp long consisting of five contigs with a 50.04% GC content. The genomes of both strains presented a high percentage of genes encoding enzymes involved in genetic information and processing, suggesting a high growth rate and adaptability. These new taxa are extensively described and characterised in this paper, using the concept of taxono-genomic description.

Published
2021

26. Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus velezensis Strain Marseille-Q1230, Isolated from a Stool Sample from a Severely Malnourished Child

Author

Konaté, Salimata, Zgheib, Rita, Camara, Aminata, Doumbo, Ogobara, Djimdé, Abdoulaye, Koné, Abdoulaye Kassoum, Théra, Mahamadou Ali, Fournier, Pierre-Edouard, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, Raoult, Didier, Million, Matthieu, Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU Marseille), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Malaria Research and Training Center [Bamako, Mali], Université de Bamako, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA)

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, education, fungi, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, bacteria, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology
Abstract

International audience; Bacillus velezensis , a species first described in 2005, has been mostly associated with plants and the environment. To date, there is no genome available for this species from human samples.

Published
2021

27. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Increased Gut Redox and Depletion of Anaerobic and Methanogenic Prokaryotes in Severe Acute Malnutrition

Author

Million, Matthieu, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, Khelaifia, Saber, Bachar, Dipankar, Lagier, Jean-Christophe, Dione, Niokhor, Brah, Souleymane, Hugon, Perrine, Lombard, Vincent, Armougom, Fabrice, Fromonot, Julien, Robert, Catherine, Michelle, Caroline, Diallo, Aldiouma, Fabre, Alexandre, Guieu, Régis, Sokhna, Cheikh, Henrissat, Bernard, Parola, Philippe, and Raoult, Didier

Published
2016
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28. Negativibacillus massiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Bacterial Genus Isolated from a Human Left Colon Sample

Author

Valles, Camille, Mailhe, Morgane, Ricaboni, Davide, Armstrong, Nicholas, Alibar, Stéphane, Vitton, Véronique, Lagier, Jean-Christophe, Raoult, Didier, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU Marseille), ANR-10-IAHU-0003,Méditerranée Infection,I.H.U. Méditerranée Infection(2010), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, taxono-genomics, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, new genus, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, culturomics, Negativibacillus massiliensis, genome, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology
Abstract

International audience; A new genus, a member of the Ruminococcaceae family, was isolated from the left colon of a healthy woman. Strain Marseille P3213 was a non-motile, spore-forming, Gram-stain negative, rod-shaped bacterium. This strictly anaerobic species reached optimal growth after an incubation of 72 h at 37 °C. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of this strain shared a 93.52% similarity level with Harryflintia acetispora strain V20-281a, its closest phylogenetic neighbor with standing in the nomenclature. Its genome had a size of 2.87 Mb, with a 45.81% G + C content. We hereby propose the creation of Negativibacillus massiliensis strain P3213T as the 43rd genus within the Ruminococcaceae family.

Published
2021

29. A Listeria monocytogenes clone in human breast milk associated with severe acute malnutrition in West Africa: A multicentric case-controlled study

Author

Sarr, Marièma, primary, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, additional, Delerce, Jeremy, additional, Khelaifia, Saber, additional, Diagne, Nafissatou, additional, Diallo, Aldiouma, additional, Bassene, Hubert, additional, Bréchard, Ludivine, additional, Bossi, Vincent, additional, Mbaye, Babacar, additional, Lagier, Jean-Christophe, additional, Levasseur, Anthony, additional, Sokhna, Cheikh, additional, Million, Matthieu, additional, and Raoult, Didier, additional

Published
2021
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31. Ketogenic diet and ketone bodies enhance the anticancer effects of PD-1 blockade

Author

Ferrere, Gladys, primary, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, additional, Liu, Peng, additional, Goubet, Anne-Gaëlle, additional, Fidelle, Marine, additional, Kepp, Oliver, additional, Durand, Sylvère, additional, Iebba, Valerio, additional, Fluckiger, Aurélie, additional, Daillère, Romain, additional, Thelemaque, Cassandra, additional, Grajeda-Iglesias, Claudia, additional, Alves Costa Silva, Carolina, additional, Aprahamian, Fanny, additional, Lefevre, Déborah, additional, Zhao, Liwei, additional, Ryffel, Bernhard, additional, Colomba, Emeline, additional, Arnedos, Monica, additional, Drubay, Damien, additional, Rauber, Conrad, additional, Raoult, Didier, additional, Asnicar, Francesco, additional, Spector, Tim, additional, Segata, Nicola, additional, Derosa, Lisa, additional, Kroemer, Guido, additional, and Zitvogel, Laurence, additional

Published
2021
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33. Ileal immune tonus is a prognosis marker of proximal colon cancer in mice and patients

Author

Picard, Marion, primary, Yonekura, Satoru, additional, Slowicka, Karolina, additional, Petta, Ioanna, additional, Rauber, Conrad, additional, Routy, Bertrand, additional, Richard, Corentin, additional, Iebba, Valerio, additional, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, additional, Becharef, Sonia, additional, Ly, Pierre, additional, Pizzato, Eugenie, additional, Lehmann, Christian H. K., additional, Amon, Lukas, additional, Klein, Christophe, additional, Opolon, Paule, additional, Gomperts Boneca, Ivo, additional, Scoazec, Jean-Yves, additional, Hollebecque, Antoine, additional, Malka, David, additional, Ghiringhelli, François, additional, Dudziak, Diana, additional, Berx, Geert, additional, Vereecke, Lars, additional, van Loo, Geert, additional, Kroemer, Guido, additional, Zitvogel, Laurence, additional, and Roberti, Maria Paula, additional

Published
2020
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34. Gut Microbiota Alteration is Characterized by a Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria Bloom in Kwashiorkor and a Bacteroidetes Paucity in Marasmus

Author

Pham, Thi-Phuong-Thao, primary, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, additional, Bachar, Dipankar, additional, Levasseur, Anthony, additional, Brah, Souleymane, additional, Alhousseini, Daouda, additional, Sokhna, Cheikh, additional, Diallo, Aldiouma, additional, Wieringa, Frank, additional, Million, Matthieu, additional, and Raoult, Didier, additional

Published
2019
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35. 'Khelaifiella massiliensis', 'Niameybacter massiliensis', 'Brachybacterium massiliense', 'Enterobacter timonensis', 'Massilibacillus massiliensis', new bacterial species and genera isolated from the gut microbiota of healthy infants

Author

Tidjani Alou, Maryam, Cadoret, Frederic, Brah, Souleymane, Diallo, Aldiouma, Sokhna, Cheikh, Mehrej, Vicky, Lagier, Jean-Christophe, Fournier, Pierre-Edouard, Raoult, Didier, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48

Subjects
new species, Culturomics, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, gut microbiota, lcsh:RC109-216, taxono-genomic, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases
Abstract

International audience; The main characteristics of 'Khelaifiella massiliensis' strain Mt13(T) (= CSUR P1935, = DSM100591), 'Niameybacter massiliensis' strain Mt14(T) (= CSUR P1909, = DSM100592), 'Brachybacterium massiliense' strain MT5(T) (= CSUR P2240, = DSM101766), 'Enterobacter timonensis' strain mt20(T) (= CSUR P2201, = DSM 101775) and 'Massilibacillus massiliensis' strain Marseille-P2411(T) (= CSUR P2411, = DSM102838), new species isolated from the gut of healthy African infants, are presented.

Published
2017

36. Gut Bacteria Missing in Severe Acute Malnutrition, Can We Identify Potential Probiotics by Culturomics?

Author

Tidjani Alou, Maryam, primary, Million, Matthieu, additional, Traore, Sory I., additional, Mouelhi, Donia, additional, Khelaifia, Saber, additional, Bachar, Dipankar, additional, Caputo, Aurelia, additional, Delerce, Jeremy, additional, Brah, Souleymane, additional, Alhousseini, Daouda, additional, Sokhna, Cheikh, additional, Robert, Catherine, additional, Diallo, Bouli A., additional, Diallo, Aldiouma, additional, Parola, Philippe, additional, Golden, Michael, additional, Lagier, Jean-Christophe, additional, and Raoult, Didier, additional

Published
2017
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39. Increased Gut Redox and Depletion of Anaerobic and Methanogenic Prokaryotes in Severe Acute Malnutrition

Author

Million, Matthieu, primary, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, additional, Khelaifia, Saber, additional, Bachar, Dipankar, additional, Lagier, Jean-Christophe, additional, Dione, Niokhor, additional, Brah, Souleymane, additional, Hugon, Perrine, additional, Lombard, Vincent, additional, Armougom, Fabrice, additional, Fromonot, Julien, additional, Robert, Catherine, additional, Michelle, Caroline, additional, Diallo, Aldiouma, additional, Fabre, Alexandre, additional, Guieu, Régis, additional, Sokhna, Cheikh, additional, Henrissat, Bernard, additional, Parola, Philippe, additional, and Raoult, Didier, additional

Published
2016
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40. Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1–based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors.

Author

Routy, Bertrand, Le Chatelier, Emmanuelle, Derosa, Lisa, Duong, Connie P. M., Tidjani Alou, Maryam, Daillère, Romain, Fluckiger, Aurélie, Messaoudene, Meriem, Rauber, Conrad, Roberti, Maria P., Fidelle, Marine, Flament, Caroline, Poirier-Colame, Vichnou, Opolon, Paule, Klein, Christophe, Iribarren, Kristina, Mondragón, Laura, Jacquelot, Nicolas, Qu, Bo, and Ferrere, Gladys

Published
2018
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41. Influence of Microbiota on Clinical Expressions of Respiratory Viral Infections.

Author

Diouf FS, Tidjani Alou M, Million M, Diatta G, Goumballa N, Ndiaye D, Bassene H, Dubourg G, Raoult D, Sokhna C, and Lagier JC

Subjects
Humans, Infant, Cross-Sectional Studies, Nasopharynx, Bacteria genetics, Influenza, Human epidemiology, Viruses genetics, Respiratory Tract Infections, Microbiota
Abstract

Respiratory infections, mainly due to viruses, are among the leading causes of worldwide morbidity and mortality. We investigated the prevalence of viruses and bacteria in a cross-sectional survey conducted in Dielmo, a village in rural Senegal with a population of 481 inhabitants. Nasopharyngeal sampling was performed in 50 symptomatic subjects and 101 asymptomatic subjects. Symptomatic subjects were defined as individuals presenting with clinical signs of respiratory infection, whereas asymptomatic subjects were recruited in the same households. The identification of pathogens was performed by polymerase chain reaction for 18 respiratory viruses and eight respiratory bacteria. The prevalence results for respiratory viruses detected in each study group demonstrated that 83.6% of symptomatic samples were positive for at least one respiratory virus, and 21.8% were detected in asymptomatic samples. Influenza A (P = 0.0001), metapneumovirus (P = 0.04), and enterovirus (P = 0.001) were significantly more prevalent in symptomatic patients. Overall, 82.0% of symptomatic subjects and 26.9% of asymptomatic subjects were positive for at least one respiratory bacterium. The most frequent pathogenic bacteria detected were Moraxella catarrhalis (56%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (48.0%) among symptomatic individuals, whereas in asymptomatic subjects Corynebacterium propinquum was more prevalent (18%). A principal component analysis showed that parainfluenzas 2 and 4 were associated with asymptomatic subjects, whereas influenza A was associated with the presence of symptoms. Considering these results, a large epidemiological surveillance of the circulation of these respiratory pathogens in the general population should be conducted to provide a better understanding of their carriage and to potentially prevent epidemics.

Published
2023
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42. A microbiota-modulated checkpoint directs immunosuppressive intestinal T cells into cancers.

Author

Fidelle M, Rauber C, Alves Costa Silva C, Tian AL, Lahmar I, de La Varende AM, Zhao L, Thelemaque C, Lebhar I, Messaoudene M, Pizzato E, Birebent R, Mbogning Fonkou MD, Zoppi S, Reni A, Dalban C, Leduc M, Ferrere G, Durand S, Ly P, Silvin A, Mulder K, Dutertre CA, Ginhoux F, Yonekura S, Roberti MP, Tidjani-Alou M, Terrisse S, Chen J, Kepp O, Schippers A, Wagner N, Suárez-Gosálvez J, Kobold S, Fahrner JE, Richard C, Bosq J, Lordello L, Vitali G, Galleron N, Quinquis B, Le Chatelier E, Blanchard L, Girard JP, Jarry A, Gervois N, Godefroy E, Labarrière N, Koschny R, Daillère R, Besse B, Truntzer C, Ghiringhelli F, Coatnoan N, Mhanna V, Klatzmann D, Drubay D, Albiges L, Thomas AM, Segata N, Danlos FX, Marabelle A, Routy B, Derosa L, Kroemer G, and Zitvogel L

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Mice, Bacteria immunology, Cell Movement, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, Interleukin-17 metabolism, Th17 Cells immunology, Gastrointestinal Tract immunology, Gastrointestinal Tract microbiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents adverse effects, Cell Adhesion Molecules metabolism, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Gastrointestinal Microbiome immunology, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors therapeutic use, Immune Tolerance drug effects, Immunologic Surveillance, Integrins metabolism, Mucoproteins metabolism, Neoplasms immunology, Neoplasms therapy
Abstract

Antibiotics (ABX) compromise the efficacy of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade in cancer patients, but the mechanisms underlying their immunosuppressive effects remain unknown. By inducing the down-regulation of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1) in the ileum, post-ABX gut recolonization by Enterocloster species drove the emigration of enterotropic α4β7 + CD4 + regulatory T 17 cells into the tumor. These deleterious ABX effects were mimicked by oral gavage of Enterocloster species, by genetic deficiency, or by antibody-mediated neutralization of MAdCAM-1 and its receptor, α4β7 integrin. By contrast, fecal microbiota transplantation or interleukin-17A neutralization prevented ABX-induced immunosuppression. In independent lung, kidney, and bladder cancer patient cohorts, low serum levels of soluble MAdCAM-1 had a negative prognostic impact. Thus, the MAdCAM-1-α4β7 axis constitutes an actionable gut immune checkpoint in cancer immunosurveillance.

Published
2023
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43. A review of in vitro attempts to develop the axenic culture of Treponema pallidum and genomics-based suggestions to achieve this elusive goal.

Author

Belkacemi S, Tidjani Alou M, Khelaifia S, and Raoult D

Subjects
Animals, Culture Media, Rabbits, Treponema pallidum pathogenicity, Virulence, Axenic Culture methods, Genomics methods, Treponema pallidum genetics, Treponema pallidum growth & development
Abstract

To date, the axenic culture of Treponema pallidum remains a challenge in the field of microbiology despite countless attempts. Here, we conducted a comprehensive bibliographic analysis using several databases and search engines, namely Pubmed, Google scholar, Google, Web of Science and Scopus. Numerous unsuccessful empiric studies have been conducted and evaluated using as criteria dark-field microscopic observation of motile spiral shaped cells in the culture and virulence of the culture through rabbit infectivity. All of these studies failed to induce rabbit infectivity, even when deemed positive after microscopic observation leading to the misnomer of avirulent T. pallidum . In fact, this criterion was improperly chosen because not all spiral shaped cells are T. pallidum . However, these studies led to the formulation of culture media particularly favourable to the growth of several species of Treponema, including Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Zürich medium (OMIZ), Oral Treponeme Enrichment Broth (OTEB) and T-Raoult, thus allowing the increase in the number of cultivable strains of Treponema . The predicted metabolic capacities of T. pallidum show limited metabolism, also exhibited by other non-cultured and pathogenic Treponema species, in contrast to cultured Treponema species. The advent of next generation sequencing represents a turning point in this field, as the knowledge inferred from the genome can finally lead to the axenic culture of T. pallidum .

Published
2021
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