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Ladera, a postwar interracial housing cooperative, provides a compelling look at 1940s housing policies, exposing cultural norms of race in state lending structures. In contrast with most midcentury suburban developments, Ladera was architecturally progressive in design and egalitarian in scope, open to all regardless of race, class, or creed. The research examines the innovative planning and fiscal features of the community, followed by an explication of the 1940s lending landscape and state-sponsored financing process that ultimately reshaped Ladera's development. As a necessary corrective to established narratives of California's housing policies, this study reveals the influential intersection of racial and class dynamics prior to Palo Alto's eventual transformation into the nexus of Silicon Valley, exposing the critical preconditions that produced the sprawling, segregated technopolis of today. The cooperative's history is analyzed through archival materials, including the cooperative's records, personal journals, architectural drawings, and the FHA's internal memos and correspondence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A suite of diagnostics used to assess impurity content and dynamics has been updated, upgraded, and installed on the Pegasus-III Experiment. Typical plasma parameters during local helicity injection start-up are τshot ∼ 10 ms, ne ∼ 1 × 1019 m−3, and Te ∼ 50 eV. The deployed diagnostics are compatible with this modest temperature and density regime and provide species identification, source localization, and estimation of radiation losses. Impurity species are determined by recording time-evolving, single line-of-sight spectra at 1.25 kfps using a SPRED (Survey, Poor Resolution, Extended Domain) vacuum ultraviolet spectrometer. SPRED is equipped with 450 g/mm grating, giving a spectral resolution of 0.33 nm and a spectral range from ∼10 to 110 nm, useful to identify light impurity species in this temperature and density range. An absolutely calibrated spectrometer that collects light from the plasma at Rtan = 15.9 cm and Δt ≥ 2 ms is used as a visible survey spectrometer and for continuum measurements. The radiated power from the plasma is estimated with a photodiode-based diagnostic. Two 16-channel absolute extreme ultraviolet diode arrays are placed behind pinhole apertures, resulting in 32 lines of sight at Z = 0, with a spatial resolution of 2–3 cm and a time response of 60 kHz. A photometrically calibrated collinear Dα/near infrared filtered photodiode-based system measures the Dα emission and around 1040 nm. All these instruments have been designed to suppress electromagnetic interference from megawatt-class switching power supplies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background/Objectives Ataxia–telangiectasia (A‐T) is a complex inherited disease associated with an increased risk of malignancy. Surveillance guidelines have demonstrated significant health benefits in other cancer predisposition syndromes. However, evidence‐based guidelines for cancer screening are not currently used in the United Kingdom for people affected by A‐T. This study aims to understand how people with A‐T and their parents feel about cancer surveillance using whole‐body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to inform the future development of cancer surveillance guidelines. Design/Methods We conducted semistructured interviews with people affected by A‐T. Data were analysed inductively using thematic analysis. Results Nine parents of children with A‐T and four adults with A‐T were interviewed. Five main themes emerged from the data, including (1) cancer screening was considered invaluable with the perceived value of early detection highlighted; (2) the cancer fear can increase anxiety; (3) the perceived limitations around current practice, with the responsibility for monitoring falling too strongly on parents and patients; (4) the need for effective preparation for cancer screening, including clear communication and (5) the challenges associated with MRI screening, where specific recommendations were made for improving the child's experience. Conclusion This study suggests that stakeholders are positive about the perceived advantages of a cancer screening programme. Ongoing support and preparation techniques should be adopted to maximise adherence and minimise adverse psychosocial outcomes. Patient or Public Contribution People with A‐T and parents of people with A‐T were actively involved in this study by giving their consent to be interviewed. An independent parent representative contributed to the study, supporting the research team in interpreting and commenting on the appropriateness of the language used in this report.

Abstract Background Diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS) can be a lengthy process, which can negatively affect psychological well‐being, condition management, and future engagement with health services. Therefore, providing timely and appropriate emotional support may improve adjustment and health outcomes. Purpose To develop a patient care pathway for providing emotional support around the point of diagnosing MS, and to explore potential barriers and facilitators to delivery and implementation. Methods Focus groups were conducted with 26 stakeholders, including 16 people living with MS, 5 carers/family members and 5 professionals working with people living with MS (3 MS nurses, 1 psychiatrist, and 1 charity staff member). Discussions were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using framework analysis. Results Participants suggested that a patient care pathway should include comprehensive information provision as a part of emotional support at diagnosis, and follow‐up sessions with a healthcare professional. Barriers including increasing staff workloads and financial costs to health services were acknowledged, thus participants suggested including peer support workers to deliver additional emotional support. All participants agreed that elements of a care pathway and embedded interventions should be individually tailored, yet provided within a standardized system to ensure accessibility. Conclusions A patient care pathway was developed with stakeholders, which included an embedded MS Nurse support intervention supplemented with peer support sessions. Participants suggested that the pathway should be delivered within a standardized system to ensure equity of service provision across the country. Patient or Public Contribution This research was conceptualized and designed collaboratively with Nottingham Multiple Sclerosis Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement (PPIE) group members. One member is a co‐author and was actively involved in every key stage of the research process, including co‐design of the pathway and research protocol, data collection (including presenting to participants and moderating group discussions), analysis and write‐up. Authors consulted with PPIE members at two meetings (9 and 11 PPIE attendees per meeting) where they gave feedback on the research design, findings and the resulting pathway. People living with MS and carers of people with MS were included in the focus groups as participants.

We have characterized kilo-electron-volt (keV) emission from Al plasmas for various laser illuminations at the OMEGA laser with the goal of optimizing the ability to backlight low-atomic-number materials such as beryllium for fusion ignition studies. The plasma is diagnosed by spectral-measurement comparisons to detailed theoretical atomic physics models. It is found that a significant fraction of the radiation is due to the x-ray continuum, that the electron temperature Te depends weakly on laser energy and power, and that the conversion efficiency to Lyman α (Lα, the N=2→1 transition in H-like Al) at 1.73 keV is reduced as laser energy is increased. As the number of beams is increased, the extra laser energy goes into a larger, higher-density plasma in which He-like and H-like ions are more effectively ionized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plastic pollution and climate change are serious and interconnected threats to public and planetary health, as well as major drivers of global social injustice. Prolific use of plastics in the construction industry is likely a key contributor, resulting in burgeoning efforts to promote the recycling or downcycling of used plastics. Businesses, materials scientists, institutions, and other interested stakeholders are currently exploring the incorporation of plastic waste into building materials and infrastructure at an accelerated rate. Examples include composite asphalt-plastic roads, plastic adhesives, plastic-concrete, plastic/crumb rubber turf, plastic lumber, plastic acoustic/thermal insulation, plastic-fiber rammed earth, and plastic soil reinforcement/stabilizers. While some believe this to be a reasonable end-of-life scenario for plastic waste, research shows such efforts may cause further problems. These uses of plastic waste represent an ongoing effort at “greenwashing,” which both delays and distracts from finding real solutions to the plastic pollution crisis. Hypothesized effects of incorporating plastic waste in construction materials, including economic, environmental, human health, performance, and social impacts, are evaluated in this mini review. We compare known impacts of these treatments for plastic waste and provide recommendations for future research. Evidence shows that such practices exacerbate the negative ecological, health, and social impacts of plastic waste and increase demand for continued production of new (virgin) plastics by creating new markets for plastic wastes. We urge caution—and more research—before widely adopting these practices.

On the typical university campus, the notion of a business school collaborating in fundamental ways with a school of education is somewhat akin to an unnatural act. Leaders in K-12 education often bristle at the idea of incorporating best business practices into their field. Nevertheless, the authors' experience at University of Virginia is proving that good ideas, when contextualized for environment, can transcend all artificial barriers. This is evidenced not only by the flow of business practice to education but also by the application of education practices to business. Recognizing that the nature and quality of leadership in schools is a primary driver of school success, the Darden Graduate School of Business Administration and the Curry School of Education at the University of Virginia established a formal collaboration, the Partnership for Leaders in Education, to bring the latest thinking from educational leadership and general management to focus on the leadership and management backbone of school systems. This collaboration is described in this article.