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Background: The purpose of our study was to examine the nature and incidence of renal injuries during organ procurement, to identify risk factors and to analyse the effects of organ lesions on the following transplantation., Methods: All cadaveric kidney transplantations performed at our centre from 1996 to 2006 with an organ donated within the Eurotransplant (ET) region were retrospectively analysed., Results: Five hundred and sixty-three renal grafts procured in 62 centres throughout the ET region were transplanted in the analysed period. One hundred and twenty (21.3%) kidneys were inadequately procured with 143 errors in total. The frequency of procurement errors did not differ significantly between kidneys procured by urologists and general surgeons (19.2% vs. 24.6%) nor when kidneys were procured alone or together with pancreas and/or liver (19.3% vs. 22.0%). Inadequate procurement lead to a discard rate of 0.2% and ultimately resulted in a surgical complication rate of 3.4%. Primary graft function (75.8% vs. 78.6%), three-yr graft survival (76.6% vs. 82.4%) and cumulated long-term graft survival were not significantly influenced by procurement errors., Conclusion: Additional measures to improve procurement quality are necessary. Nevertheless, adequate repair of organ lesions is possible and most organs can be successfully transplanted with very good short- and long-term results.