644 results on '"Time series study"'
Search Results
2. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Surveillance of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil: An Ecological Study
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Josefa Rayane Santos Silveira, Shirley Verônica Melo Almeida Lima, Allan Dantas dos Santos, Luana Silva Siqueira, Guilherme Reis de Santana Santos, Álvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa, Layze Braz de Oliveira, Isabel Amélia Costa Mendes, and Caíque Jordan Nunes Ribeiro
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spatial analysis ,spatiotemporal analysis ,COVID-19 ,time series study ,visceral leishmaniasis ,Other systems of medicine ,RZ201-999 - Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the notification of new VL cases in Brazil in 2020. It is an ecological and time-series study (2015–2020) with spatial analysis techniques, whose units of analysis were the 5570 Brazilian municipalities. The study population consisted of all new cases of VL recorded between 2015 and 2020. The P-score was calculated to estimate the percentage variation in new VL cases. Global and local univariate Moran’s Indices and retrospective space–time scan statistics were used in spatial and space–time analyses, respectively. It was expected that there would be 3627 new cases of VL in Brazil in 2020, but 1932 cases were reported (−46.73%). All Brazilian regions presented a negative percentage variation in the registration of new VL cases, with the Southeast (−54.70%), North (−49.97%), and Northeast (−44.22%) standing out. There was spatial dependence of the disease nationwide in both periods, before and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a significant reduction in the incidence of new VL cases in Brazil during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings reinforce the need for better preparedness of the health system, especially in situations of new epidemics.
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- 2024
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3. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Surveillance of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil: An Ecological Study.
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Silveira, Josefa Rayane Santos, Lima, Shirley Verônica Melo Almeida, dos Santos, Allan Dantas, Siqueira, Luana Silva, Santos, Guilherme Reis de Santana, Sousa, Álvaro Francisco Lopes de, de Oliveira, Layze Braz, Mendes, Isabel Amélia Costa, and Ribeiro, Caíque Jordan Nunes
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VISCERAL leishmaniasis , *COVID-19 pandemic , *EPIDEMICS , *SPACETIME - Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the notification of new VL cases in Brazil in 2020. It is an ecological and time-series study (2015–2020) with spatial analysis techniques, whose units of analysis were the 5570 Brazilian municipalities. The study population consisted of all new cases of VL recorded between 2015 and 2020. The P-score was calculated to estimate the percentage variation in new VL cases. Global and local univariate Moran's Indices and retrospective space–time scan statistics were used in spatial and space–time analyses, respectively. It was expected that there would be 3627 new cases of VL in Brazil in 2020, but 1932 cases were reported (−46.73%). All Brazilian regions presented a negative percentage variation in the registration of new VL cases, with the Southeast (−54.70%), North (−49.97%), and Northeast (−44.22%) standing out. There was spatial dependence of the disease nationwide in both periods, before and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a significant reduction in the incidence of new VL cases in Brazil during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings reinforce the need for better preparedness of the health system, especially in situations of new epidemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Avoidability and temporal trend of neonatal mortality in Niteroi/RJ, 2012 to 2022
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Samuel Stoliar de Vilhena Machado, Pauline Lorena Kale, and Sandra Costa Fonseca
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Neonatal mortality ,Health information systems ,Causes of death ,Time series study ,Health inequities ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Abstract Objectives: to analyze neonatal deaths according to avoidability and to analyze the temporal trend of neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in Niterói/RJ, 2012-2022. Methods: ecological time series study. Data from Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos and Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. NMRs were calculated according to maternal and neonatal variables and trends were estimated using the joinpoint regression. Results: the annual number of live births (LB) fell, with a decreasing trend among adolescents and those with low education level. Of the 324 deaths, most occurred early (0-6 days), by preventable causes in 68.6%, predominating those reducible by adequate care during pregnancy. The overall NMR remained stable, ranging from 4.2 to 6/1,000 LB, being higher at the extremes of maternal age (12.7 and 8.6/1,000 LB in 2022, adolescents and over 35 years old, respectively), in low education level mothers (27.6/1,000 LB in 2022), in neonates 2,500g, and for avoidable causes. Conclusions: the high proportion of preventable causes reveals the reduction potential. There was inequality in NMR and its trend, demanding more equitable health actions.
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- 2024
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5. Effect of Air Pollutants and Meteorological Factors on Daily Outpatient Visits of Allergic Rhinitis in Hohhot, China
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Wang X, Gao C, Xia Y, Xu X, Li L, Liu Y, Yao X, Cao N, Li Z, and Fang X
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allergic rhinitis ,air pollutants ,time series study ,interaction effect ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Xue Wang,1,* Chenghua Gao,2,* Yuan Xia,1 Xiaoqian Xu,1 Lehui Li,1 Yan Liu,1 Xing Yao,3 Ning Cao,1 Zichao Li,1 Xin Fang1 1Public Health College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People’s Republic of China; 3Infection Control Department, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xin Fang, Public Health College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18686066179, Email 18686066179@163.comObjective: There is limited evidence that atmospheric pollutants are associated with the number of allergic rhinitis (AR) visits. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between atmospheric pollutants and meteorological factors and the number of daily visits for AR in Hohhot City, providing a theoretical basis for further research on the effects of atmospheric pollutants on AR.Methods: Microsoft Excel 2016 was used to collect and organize the AR outpatient consultation data, air pollution and meteorological data in Hohhot City during 2018– 2020, and the data were descriptively analyzed and Spearman correlation test was performed using SPSS22.0; A generalized additive model was built in R4.2.3 to analyze the effect of air pollution on the number of AR visits and its lagged and cumulative effects, while the robustness of the model was tested using a two-pollutant analysis. Finally, we analyzed the effects of the interaction of temperature, relative humidity and pollutants on the number of AR visits.Results: The daily average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 in Hohhot during 2018– 2020 were 38.1 μg/m3, 83.3 μg/m3, 36.1 μg/m3, 15.1 μg/m3, 14.2 mg/m3, and 99.95 μg/m3, respectively, with the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 exceeding the secondary limit of the national standard. The results of the generalized additive model analysis showed that the RR and 95% CI of the effect of each 10 μg/m3 increase in pollutant concentration (1 mg/m3 increase in CO) on the number of AR outpatient clinics were 1.008 (1.001– 1.016), 1.002 (1– 1.005), 1.072 (1.033– 1.113), 1.020 (1007– 1.034), 1.033 (1.014– 1.052), 0.987 (0.9804– 0.9936).Conclusion: Short-term exposure to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO was significantly associated with an increase in AR clinic visits, and short-term exposure to O3 was significantly associated with a decrease in allergic rhinitis clinic visits.Keywords: allergic rhinitis, air pollutants, time series study, interaction effect
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- 2023
6. Temporal trend in the incidence of human visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil.
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dos Santos Júnior, Claudio José, Marques dos Santos, Marquiony, Cipriano de Oliveira Lins, Fabio Celso, Pinto Silva, Jackson, and Costa de Lima, Kenio
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ENDEMIC diseases ,LEISHMANIASIS ,VISCERAL leishmaniasis ,TIME management ,TIME series analysis ,DISEASE incidence ,AGE groups - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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7. Association between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and outpatient visits for pulpitis in Hefei, China: a time series study.
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Li, Wuli, Zong, Xirun, He, Yi-Sheng, Meng, Tiantian, Tang, Ying, Yang, Qi, Huang, Qing, Wang, Yuanyin, Li, Song, and Pan, Hai-Feng
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PULPITIS ,AIR pollutants ,AIR pollution ,ORAL diseases ,CONFIDENCE intervals - Abstract
Evidence suggests a possible association between ambient air pollutants and oral diseases. Nevertheless, information regarding the relationship between air pollutants and pulpitis is scarce and inconclusive. In view of this, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between short-term exposure to air pollution and outpatient visits for pulpitis. Daily data on outpatient visits for pulpitis, air pollutants, and meteorological data in Hefei, China, was collected from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2021. The association between exposure to air pollutants and pulpitis outpatient visits was evaluated using distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) and a generalized linear model (GLM). Furthermore, stratified analyses were performed by gender, age and season. A total of 93,324 records of outpatient visits for pulpitis were included in this study. The results showed that exposure to NO
2 , PM2.5 , and CO were positively correlated with an increased risk of pulpitis outpatient visits. Each 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 and PM2.5 concentration, at lag 0–2 day, was associated with a 2.4% (relative risk (RR) = 1.024, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.014–1.035) and 0.5% (RR = 1.005, 95% CI: 1.000–1.010) increase in pulpitis outpatient visits, respectively. With a 1 mg/m3 increase in CO concentration, the risk of pulpitis outpatient visits increased by 9.1% (RR = 1.091, 95% CI: 1.031–1.154, lag 0–1 day). Intriguingly, exposure to O3 was associated with a decreased risk of pulpitis outpatient visits (RR = 0.990, 95% CI: 0.984–0.995, lag 0–5 day). Subgroup analysis revealed that in the warm season, exposure to PM2.5 , O3 , and CO was related with a significantly higher outpatient risk of pulpitis than in the cold season. Additionally, the influence of PM2.5 and CO exposure at age < 65 years was significantly stronger than at age ≥ 65 years. In conclusion, exposure to ambient NO2 , PM2.5 , and CO is associated with an increase in pulpitis outpatient visits in Hefei, China. Conversely, exposure to O3 reduces the risk of outpatient visits for pulpitis. Age and season are effect modifiers of these associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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8. Clinical-epidemiological characteristics and temporal trend of new cases of grade 2 disability leprosy in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, 2011- 2020
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Rodolfo José de Oliveira Moreira, Janaína Miranda Bezerra, Floriacy Stabnow Santos, Lívia Maia Pascoal, Leonardo Hunaldo dos Santos, and Marcelino Santos Neto
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Leprosy ,Epidemiology ,Incidence ,Degree of Physical Disability ,Time Series Study ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Objective: to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of new cases of grade 2 disability leprosy and to analyze its trend in the state of Maranhão, from 2011 to 2020. Methods: this was a descriptive cross-sectional and ecological time-series study, using data from the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System. A descriptive analysis of the event was carried out according to the sociodemographic and clinical-laboratory characteristics of the cases. The temporal trend of event incidence was analyzed using Prais-Winsten regression. Results: of the 2,147 cases, 71.5% were male, 48.9% had up to 8 years of schooling, 66.5% were of mixed race/color, 95.5% had the multibacillary form, 58.8% were borderline, 32.3% had negative bacilloscopy at diagnosis. There was a stationary trend in the state and a falling trend in the São Luís Health Region (annual percentage change = -64.4%; 95% confidence interval: -73.7;-51.9). Conclusion: incidence trend was stable in the state of Maranhão and falling in São Luís.
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- 2023
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9. Cardiovascular and Respiratory Health Effects of Fine Particulate Matters (PM 2.5): A Review on Time Series Studies.
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Wan Mahiyuddin, Wan Rozita, Ismail, Rohaida, Mohammad Sham, Noraishah, Ahmad, Nurul Izzah, and Nik Hassan, Nik Muhammad Nizam
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PARTICULATE matter , *TIME series analysis , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *CARDIOVASCULAR system , *AIR pollution , *ONLINE databases , *POISSON distribution , *RESPIRATORY organs - Abstract
Ambient air pollution remains one of the most important risk factors for health outcomes. In recent years, there has been a growing number of research linking particulate matter (PM) exposure with adverse health effects, especially on cardiovascular and respiratory systems. The objective of this review is to examine the range and nature of studies on time series analysis of health outcomes affected by PM2.5 across a broad research area. A literature search was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping review framework through a strategic search of PubMed and ScienceDirect online databases for articles from January 2016 to January 2021. Articles were first screened by their titles and abstracts. Then two reviewers independently reviewed and evaluated the full text of the remaining articles for eligibility. Of the 407 potentially relevant studies, 138 articles were included for final analysis. There was an increasing trend in publications from 2016 to 2019 but a decreasing trend in the year 2020. Most studies were conducted in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia (69.6%), Europe and Northern America (14.5%) and Latin America and the Caribbean (8.7%), with the majority coming from high- and upper-middle-income countries (95.6%). The main methodology used was Generalized Additive Model (GAM) with Poisson distribution (74.6%). Morbidity was the most common health outcome studied (60.1%), with vulnerable groups (64.5%) often included. The association between PM2.5 and health effects was stronger for respiratory diseases compared to cardiovascular diseases. In short-term studies (less than 7 years), respiratory diseases showed higher risks compared to cardiovascular. However, in long-term studies (7 years and more), cardiovascular showed higher risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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10. The association between air pollution, meteorological factors, and daily outpatient visits for urticaria in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China: a time series analysis.
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Nie, Yaxiong, Liu, Lijuan, Xue, Shilin, Yan, Lina, Ma, Ning, Liu, Xuehui, Liu, Ran, Wang, Xue, Wang, Yameng, Zhang, Xinzhu, and Zhang, Xiaolin
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AIR pollution ,URTICARIA ,TIME series analysis ,AIR pollutants ,HUMIDITY - Abstract
The associations of air pollution and meteorological factors with the outpatient visits of urticaria remain poorly studied. This study aimed to assess the association between air pollution, meteorological factors, and daily outpatient visits for urticaria in Shijiazhuang, China, during 2014–2019. Daily recordings of air pollutant concentrations, meteorological data, and outpatient visits data for urticaria were collected during the 6 years. Descriptive research methods were used to describe the distribution characteristics and demographic features of urticaria. A combination of the generalized linear regression model (GLM) and distribution lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to evaluate the lag association between environmental factors and daily outpatient visits for urticaria. Stratified analyses by gender (male; female) and age (< 18 years; 18–39 years; > 39 years) were further conducted. The dose–response relationship between daily urticaria visits and CO, NO
2 , O3 , temperature, and relative humidity was nonlinear. High concentrations of CO, NO2 , O3 , and high temperatures increased the risk of urticaria outpatient visits. The maximum cumulative association of high concentrations of CO, NO2 , and O3 was lag 0–14 days (CO: RR = 1.10, 95%CI: 1.06, 1.31; NO2 : RR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.08; O3 : RR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.08, 1.25), and high temperatures was lag 0–7 days (RR = 1.27, 95%CI: 1.14, 1.41). Low concentrations of NO2 , O3 , and high humidity, on the other hand, act as protective factors for urticaria outpatient. The maximum cumulative association of low concentrations of NO2 was the 0-day lag (RR = 0.97, 95%CI: 0.95, 0.99), O3 was lag 0–5 days (RR = 0.94, 95%CI: 0.88, 0.99), and high humidity was lag 0–10 days (RR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.89, 0.98). Stratified analyses showed that the risk of urticaria outpatient visits was higher for the males and in the < 18 years age group. In conclusion, we found that the development of urticaria in Shijiazhuang has a distinct seasonal and cyclical nature. Air pollutants and meteorological factors had varying degrees of influence on the risk of urticaria outpatient visits. This study provides indirect evidence for a link between air pollution, meteorological factors, and urticaria outpatient visits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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11. Associations between short-term PM2.5 exposure and daily hospital admissions for circulatory system diseases in Ganzhou, China: A time series study
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Xiaojie You, Xiuyu Cao, You Guo, Dongming Wang, Weihong Qiu, Chuanfei Zhou, Min Zhou, Weihong Chen, and Xiaokang Zhang
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circulatory system diseases ,PM2.5 ,hospital admissions ,air pollution ,generalized additive model (GAM) ,time series study ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
ObjectivePrevious epidemiological studies have shown that both long-term and short-term exposure to fine particulate matters (PM2.5) were associated with the morbidity and mortality of circulatory system diseases (CSD). However, the impact of PM2.5 on CSD remains inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the associations between PM2.5 and circulatory system diseases in Ganzhou.MethodsWe conducted this time series study to explore the association between ambient PM2.5 exposure and daily hospital admissions for CSD from 2016 to 2020 in Ganzhou by using generalized additive models (GAMs). Stratified analyses were also performed by gender, age, and season.ResultsBased on 201,799 hospitalized cases, significant and positive associations were found between short-term PM2.5 exposure and hospital admissions for CSD, including total CSD, hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease (CEVD), heart failure (HF), and arrhythmia. Each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentrations was associated with a 2.588% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.161%–4.035%), 2.773% (95% CI, 1.246%–4.324%), 2.865% (95% CI, 0.786%–4.893%), 1.691% (95% CI, 0.239%–3.165%), 4.173% (95% CI, 1.988%–6.404%) and 1.496% (95% CI, 0.030%–2.983%) increment in hospitalizations for total CSD, hypertension, CHD, CEVD, HF, and arrhythmia, respectively. As PM2.5 concentrations rise, the hospitalizations for arrhythmia showed a slow upward trend, while other CSD increased sharply at high PM2.5 levels. In subgroup analyses, the impacts of PM2.5 on hospitalizations for CSD were not materially changed, although the females had higher risks of hypertension, HF, and arrhythmia. The relationships between PM2.5 exposure and hospitalizations for CSD were more significant among individuals aged ≤65 years, except for arrhythmia. PM2.5 had stronger effects on total CSD, hypertension, CEVD, HF, and arrhythmia during cold seasons.ConclusionPM2.5 exposure was positively associated with daily hospital admissions for CSD, which might provide informative insight on adverse effects of PM2.5.
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- 2023
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12. Association of ambient carbon monoxide exposure with hospitalization risk for respiratory diseases: A time series study in Ganzhou, China
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Jiahao Song, Weihong Qiu, Xuezan Huang, You Guo, Weihong Chen, Dongming Wang, and Xiaokang Zhang
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carbon monoxide ,air pollution ,hospitalizations ,time series study ,respiratory diseases ,respiratory tract infection (RTI) ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundAmbient carbon monoxide (CO) exposure is associated with increased mortality and hospitalization risk for total respiratory diseases. However, evidence on the risk of hospitalization for specific respiratory diseases from ambient CO exposure is limited.MethodsData on daily hospitalizations for respiratory diseases, air pollutants, and meteorological factors from January 2016 to December 2020 were collected in Ganzhou, China. A generalized additive model with the quasi-Poisson link and lag structures was used to estimate the associations between ambient CO concentration and hospitalizations of total respiratory diseases, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), and influenza-pneumonia. Possible confounding co-pollutants and effect modification by gender, age, and season were considered.ResultsA total of 72,430 hospitalized cases of respiratory diseases were recorded. Significant positive exposure–response relationships were observed between ambient CO exposure and hospitalization risk from respiratory diseases. For each 1 mg/m3 increase in CO concentration (lag0–2), hospitalizations for total respiratory diseases, asthma, COPD, LRTI, and influenza-pneumonia increased by 13.56 (95% CI: 6.76%, 20.79%), 17.74 (95% CI: 1.34%, 36.8%), 12.45 (95% CI: 2.91%, 22.87%), 41.25 (95% CI: 18.19%, 68.81%), and 13.5% (95% CI: 3.41%, 24.56%), respectively. In addition, the associations of ambient CO with hospitalizations for total respiratory diseases and influenza-pneumonia were stronger during the warm season, while women were more susceptible to ambient CO exposure-associated hospitalizations for asthma and LRTI (all P < 0.05).ConclusionIn brief, significant positive exposure–response relationships were found between ambient CO exposure and hospitalization risk for total respiratory diseases, asthma, COPD, LRTI, and influenza-pneumonia. Effect modification by season and gender was found in ambient CO exposure-associated respiratory hospitalizations.
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- 2023
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13. Heat and outpatient visits of skin diseases – A multisite analysis in China, 2014–2018
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Yushu Huang, Hejia Song, Zixian Wang, Yibin Cheng, Yue Liu, Shuxin Hao, Na Li, Yu Wang, Yan Wang, Xinhang Zhang, Bo Sun, Yonghong Li, and Xiaoyuan Yao
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Ambient temperature ,Heat ,Outpatient visits ,Skin diseases ,Time series study ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Background: Many studies have shown that various kinds of diseases were associated with the variation of ambient temperature. However, there’s only a scrap of evidence paying attention to the link between temperature and skin diseases, and no relevant national research was performed in China. Objective: This study aimed to quantify the effect of heat on skin diseases and identify the vulnerable populations and areas in China. Methods: Daily meteorological data, air pollutant data and outpatient data were collected from in 18 sites of China during 2014–2018. A time-series study with distributed lag nonlinear model and multivariate meta-analysis was applied to analyze the site-specific and pooled associations between daily mean temperature and daily outpatient visits of skin diseases by using the data of warm season (from June to September). Stratified analysis by age, sex and climate zones and subtypes of skin diseases were also conducted. Results: We found a positive linear relationship between the ambient temperature and risk of skin diseases, with a 1.25% (95%CI: 0.34%, 2.16%) increase of risk of outpatient visits for each 1 °C increase in daily mean temperature during the warm season. In general, groups aged 18–44 years, males and people living in temperate climate regions were more susceptible to high temperature. Immune dysfunction including dermatitis and eczema were heat-sensitive skin diseases. Conclusions: Our findings suggested that people should take notice of heat-related skin diseases and also provided some references about related health burden for strategy-makers. Targeted measures for vulnerable populations need to be taken to reduce disease burden, including monitoring and early warning systems, and sun-protection measures.
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- 2022
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14. Remote Sensing Study of The Temperature Profile Over Penang Island Using Nasa Giovanni System.
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Kamaludin, Kamal Fiqre Md, Jumidali, Mohd Muzafa, Sa'ad, Fathınul Najıb Ahmad, and Amin, Abd Rahman Mat
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LAND surface temperature , *REMOTE sensing , *OCEAN temperature , *EARTH sciences , *TEMPERATURE - Abstract
NASA GIOVANNI is an advanced technology of remote sensing system. It is able to provide with Earth Science information within only a few minutes. The focus of this study is to obtain a reliable information via NASA GIOVANNI regarding the temperature trend in Penang Island, Malaysia, from year 2016 to 2018 and to verify the validity and reliability of the data obtained from NASA GIOVANNI and therefore being able to replace with the conventional method of using AccuWeather. From the system, MODIS Aqua is selected as it is the most suitable satellite among others to capture the temperature reading at the desired area. The data obtained from AccuWeather are mostly accurate and clear even though there are several limitations regarding the parameter involved as it is quite general. Meanwhile the temperature data obtained from NASA GIOVANNI are more specific and detailed as it consists of several parameters. For example, NASA GIOVANNI can access the sea surface and land surface temperature for the desired location. Apart from that, NASA GIOVANNI also able to separate between daytime and nighttime temperature data. After obtaining both data from NASA GIOVANNI and AccuWeather, an effective comparison is made via cross validation or to be exact, linear regression. From the graph of linear regression, R-Squared value can be calculated and hence can determine the correlation of both data. From the R-Squared calculations, the values calculated are 0.75 for year 2016, 0.65 for year 2017 and 0.71 for year 2018. According to the R-Squared value, it is concluded that the temperature data from NASA GIOVANNI is having a positive and strong correlation with AccuWeather as the values are exceeding 0.5 for each year. Therefore, the temperature data via NASA GIOVANNI is possible to be obtained and that the obtained temperature data are almost as accurate as AccuWeather. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
15. Temporal patterns of weekly births and conceptions predicted by meteorology, seasonal variation, and lunar phases.
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Gudziunaite, Sandra and Moshammer, Hanns
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Summary: Background: Data reporting the number of births given by women resident in Vienna for each week between 1999 and 2019, and the duration (in weeks) of their pregnancies, were used to estimate the week of conception. When preliminary examinations detected cyclical patterns for births and conceptions, a series of Poisson regressions for births and conceptions were performed to assess whether these cycles could be associated with lunar or solar phases. Methods: To that end 2 sine-cosine functions, 1 with a wavelength of 1 year (365.25 days) and 1 with a wavelength of 29.529 days, the latter resembling the average length of a lunar cycle, were constructed. In addition, also average weekly temperatures were included in the models. Results: Same week temperature was a strong non-linear predictor for both births and conceptions. Extreme temperatures, especially hot temperatures, increased the number of births while the numbers of successful conceptions were decreased by extreme temperatures. Regarding annual variation in conceptions, the lowest values were found in May and the highest in late autumn and early winter. Therefore, the highest numbers of births are observed in the summer. As per lunar variations, the highest numbers of conceptions occurred at the full moon and the highest numbers of births at the waxing crescent to first quarter moon. Discussion: The latter results should be treated with caution, as they are not hypothesis driven. Furthermore, literature reports on this topic are conflicting. Nevertheless, these findings will be useful in further analyses examining air pollution effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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16. Joint Effect of Short-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone on Mortality: A Time Series Study in 272 Chinese Cities.
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Xu C, Yin P, Jiang Y, Lin X, Shi S, Li X, Chen J, Jiang Y, Meng X, and Zhou M
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- China epidemiology, Humans, Environmental Exposure, Mortality, Particulate Matter, Ozone, Cities, Air Pollutants toxicity
- Abstract
Short-term exposure to PM
2.5 or O3 can increase mortality risk; however, limited studies have evaluated their interaction. A multicity time series study was conducted to investigate the synergistic effect of PM2.5 and O3 on mortality in China, using mortality data and high-resolution pollutant predictions from 272 cities in 2013-2015. Generalized additive models were applied to estimate associations of PM2.5 and O3 with mortality. Modification and interaction effects were explored by stratified analyses and synergistic indexes. Deaths attributable to PM2.5 and O3 were evaluated with or without modification of the other pollutant. The risk of total nonaccidental mortality increased by 0.70% for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 when O3 levels were high, compared to 0.12% at low O3 levels. The effect of O3 on total nonaccidental mortality at high PM2.5 levels (1.26%) was also significantly higher than that at low PM2.5 levels (0.59%). Similar patterns were observed for cardiovascular or respiratory diseases. The relative excess risk of interaction and synergy index of PM2.5 and O3 on nonaccidental mortality were 0.69% and 1.31 with statistical significance, respectively. Nonaccidental deaths attributable to short-term exposure of PM2.5 or O3 when considering modification of the other pollutant were 28% and 31% higher than those without considering modification, respectively. Our results found synergistic effects of short-term coexposure to PM2.5 and O3 on mortality and suggested underestimations of attributable risks without considering their synergistic effects.- Published
- 2024
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17. High schistosomiasis-related mortality in Northeast Brazil: trends and spatial patterns
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Bárbara Morgana da Silva, Anderson Fuentes Ferreira, José Alexandre Menezes da Silva, Rebeca Gomes de Amorim, Ana Lúcia Coutinho Domingues, Marta Cristhiany Cunha Pinheiro, Fernando Schemelzer de Moares Bezerra, Jorg Heukelbach, and Alberto Novaes Ramos Jr
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Schistosomiasis ,Epidemiology ,Mortality ,Time series study ,Brazil ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: We analyzed the trends and spatial patterns of schistosomiasis-related mortality in Northeast Brazil in 2000-2019. Methods: A mixed population-based ecological study was conducted, using information on the underlying or associated causes of death. We used Joinpoint regression analysis to calculate the trends. The spatial analysis included rates, spatial moving averages, and standardized mortality rates. The spatial dependence analysis was based on Getis-Ord's G and Gi* indices (Gi star) and local Moran’s index to check for autocorrelation. Results: A total of 5,814,268 deaths were recorded, of which 9,276 (0.16%) were schistosomiasis-related; 51.0% (n=4,732, adjusted rate 0.90/100,000 inhabitants [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-0.93]) were males; 40.0% (n=3,715, adjusted rate 7.40/100.000 inhabitants [95%CI: 7.16-7.64]) were ≥70 years old; 54.8% (n=5,087, crude rate 0.80/100,000 inhabitants) were of mixed/Pardo-Brazilian ethnicity; and 77.9% (n=7,229, adjusted rate 0.86/100,000 inhabitants [95%CI: 0.84-0.88]) lived outside state capitals. The highest proportion of deaths was in the state of Pernambuco (53.9%, n=4,996, adjusted rate 2.72/100,000 inhabitants [95%CI: 2.64-2.79]). Increasing mortality rate was verified in the state of Sergipe. On the coast of the state of Rio Grande do Norte and Bahia, there was spatial dependence of spatio-temporal risk patterns with clusters. Throughout the study period, we found positive spatial autocorrelation and cluster formation. Conclusions: In Northeast Brazil, schistosomiasis persists with a high mortality rate, especially in the coastal region, with heterogeneous spatial and temporal patterns. To eliminate schistosomiasis by 2030, it is necessary to strengthen the financing and management of the unified health system (SUS).
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- 2022
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18. Association between exposure to air pollutants and the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases visits.
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Ding, Siwen, Sun, Shu, Ding, Rui, Song, Shasha, Cao, Yi, and Zhang, Lijiu
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INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases ,AIR pollutants ,CROHN'S disease ,ULCERATIVE colitis ,AIR pollution ,ENVIRONMENTAL protection - Abstract
The topic of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has attracted more and more attention. Accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to air pollutants is associated with IBD, yet the results are inconsistent and study about daily exposure is few. This study evaluated the association between daily air pollution and IBD in Hefei, China. Daily IBD admission data were obtained from two hospitals in Hefei from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019. Daily concentrations of major air pollutants were provided by the Hefei Environmental Protection Bureau. Meteorological data were collected from China Meteorological Data Network. Distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) considering both the lag effects of exposure factors and nonlinear relationship of exposure-reaction was used to assess the effect of daily air pollutants exposure on IBD admission. During the study period, totally 886 cases of IBD were recruited, including 313 cases of ulcerative colitis (UC) and 573 cases of Crohn's disease (CD). The findings showed PM
2.5 , O3 , and CO exposure significantly increased the risk of IBD. Mean concentrations of PM2.5 , O3 , and CO in Hefei were 43.85ug/m3 , 100.78ug/m3 , and 0.76 mg/m3 , respectively. Each increase of 10 mg/m3 in PM2.5 /O3 and 0.1 mg/m3 in CO increased the risk of IBD. The strongest effects of these three pollutants on IBD were observed in lag2-lag3 (RR = 1.037, 95% CI: 1.005–1.070%), lag3 (RR = 1.020, 95% CI: 1.002–1.038%), and lag2 (RR = 1.036, 95% CI: 1.003–1.071%), respectively. In warm seasons, PM2.5 , O3 , and CO had a stronger effect increased the risk of IBD, which were observed in lag2 (RR = 1.104, 95% CI: 1.032–1.181%), lag2 and lag5 (RR = 1.023, 95% CI: 1.002–1.044%; RR = 1.036, 95% CI: 1.004–1.069%), and lag2 (RR = 1.071, 95% CI: 1.012–1.133%), respectively. Air pollutant (PM2.5, O3 , and CO) exposure could increase the risk of IBD, while the most susceptibility seasons for the exposure were mainly in warm seasons. The results of this study suggest that air pollutants increase the risk of IBD patients in Hefei, China, providing a basis for developing countries to improve effective prevention of IBD, and a potential opportunity to avoid part of the risk of the onset or recurrence of IBD. This study contributes to the knowledge of the association between air pollution and IBD, but the associations need to be verified by further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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19. Synergistic effects of gaseous pollutants on hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease in Liuzhou, China.
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Liu, Huan, Zhai, Shiyan, Kong, Yunfeng, Wang, Zheng, Song, Genxin, Song, Hongquan, Liang, Lizhong, Liu, Xiaoxiao, Jiang, Xintong, and Wu, Leying
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AIR pollutants ,HOSPITAL admission & discharge ,POLLUTANTS ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,ENVIRONMENTAL quality ,NITROGEN dioxide - Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that short-term exposure to gaseous pollutants (nitrogen dioxide (NO
2 ), sulfur dioxide (SO2 ), and ozone (O3 )) had a greater adverse effect on cardiovascular disease. However, little evidence exists regarding the synergy between gaseous pollutants and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, we aimed to estimate the effect of individual gaseous pollutants on hospital admissions for CVD and to explore the possible synergistic effects between gaseous pollutants. Daily hospitalization counts for CVD were collected from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2015. We also collected daily time series on gaseous pollutants from the Environment of the People's Republic of China, including NO2 , SO2 , and O3 . We used distributed lag nonlinear models (DLNMs) to assess the association of individual gaseous pollutants on CVD hospitalization, after controlling for seasonality, day of the week, public holidays, and weather variables. Then, we explored the variability across age and sex groups. In addition, we analyzed the synergistic effects between gaseous pollutants on CVD. Extremely low NO2 and SO2 increase the risk of CVD in all subgroup at lag 7 days. The greatest effect of high concentration of SO2 was observed in male and the elderly (≥ 65 years) at lag 3 days. Greater effects of high concentration of O3 were more pronounced in the young (< 65 years) and female at lag 3 days, while the effect of low concentration of O3 was greater in male and the young (< 65 years) at lag 0 day. We found a synergistic effect between NO2 and SO2 for CVD, as well as between SO2 and O3 . The synergistic effects of NO2 and SO2 on CVD were stronger in the elderly (≥ 65) and female. The female was sensitive to synergistic effects of SO2 -O3 and NO2 -O3 . Interestingly, we found that there was a risk of CVD in the susceptible population even for gaseous pollutant concentrations below the National Environmental Quality Standard. The synergy between NO2 and SO2 was significantly associated with cardiovascular disease hospitalization in the elderly (≥ 65). This study provides evidence for the synergistic effect of gaseous pollutants on hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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20. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND OPERATIONAL PATTERNS OF LEPROSY IN THE STATE OF TOCANTINS, 2001-2020: REGRESSION BY INFLECTION POINTS.
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Sales Scherr, Lucas, Piccolo de Almeida, Marina, Martins Guarda, Sara, Noleto Sales, Marne, and Monteiro, Lorena Dias
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HANSEN'S disease ,REGRESSION analysis ,PUBLIC health ,DIAGNOSIS ,INFECTIOUS disease transmission - Abstract
Objective: To analyze the trend of epidemiological and operational indicators of leprosy in the state of Tocantins, Brazil, from 2001 to 2020. Methodology: This is a population-based ecological study, with temporal analysis of new leprosy cases based on Poisson regression by inflection points (Joinpoints), using secondary data reported between 2001 and 2020. Results: A total of 24.413 cases were reported. The overall detection coefficient showed four temporal trends. The Médio Norte Araguaia, Cerrado Tocantins Araguaia and Ilha do Bananal regions showed a significant downward trend in the AAPC (3.1%, 4.6% and 5.3%, respectively). Only the Amor Perfeito region showed a significant growth trend of 2.7%. In the evaluation of the Annual Percent Change (APC), the Bico do Papagaio region had a significant increase of 12.1% between 2001 and 2008 and a significant decrease of 10.3% between 2008 and 2020. In the Capim Dourado region, the APC had a significant decrease of 6.3% between 2001 and 2013 and a significant increase of 34.5% between 2013 and 2018. Conclusion: Leprosy remains in high magnitude in Tocantins, indicating active transmission, late diagnosis, heterogeneous trend in case detection in the eight health regions and persistence of hyperendemicity, requiring strengthening of surveillance measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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21. An effect of 24-hour temperature change on outpatient and emergency and inpatient visits for cardiovascular diseases in northwest China.
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Shi, Qin, Wei, Xingfu, Liu, Yanli, Meng, Xiangyan, Zhu, Wenzhi, Wang, Minzhen, Wang, Yufeng, Kang, Feng, Bai, Yana, Nie, Yonghong, and Zheng, Shan
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TEMPERATURE effect ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,CORONARY disease ,ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring ,POISSON regression - Abstract
Some studies suggested that 24-h temperature change (TC24) was one of the potential risk factors for human health. However, evidence of the short-term effect of TC24 on outpatient and emergency department (O&ED) visits and hospitalizations for cause-specific cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is still limited. The aim of this study is to explore the short-term effects of TC24 on O&ED visits and hospitalizations for CVDs in northwest China which is an area with large temperature variation. The O&ED visits records for CVDs of 3 general hospitals and the inpatient records for CVDs of 4 general hospitals were collected from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2016, in Jinchang City, northwest China. Meteorological and air pollution data were also obtained during the same study period from local meteorological monitoring station and environmental monitoring station, respectively. A generalized additive model (GAM) with Poisson regression was employed to analyze the effects of TC24 on O&ED visits and hospitalizations for CVDs. V-shaped relationship were found between TC24 and O&ED visits and hospitalizations for CVDs, including total CVD, hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. Stratified analysis showed that men and patients over 65 years old were more susceptible to temperature changes. The estimates in non-heating months were higher than in full year. TC24 can affect the O&ED visits and hospitalizations for CVDs in this study. This study provides useful data for policy makers to better prepare local responses to the impact of changes in temperature on population health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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22. Long-term impact of ambient air pollution on preterm birth in Xuzhou, China: a time series study.
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Li, Sha, Peng, Lei, Wu, Xiaochang, Xu, Geng, Cheng, Peng, Hao, Jingwen, Huang, Zhaohui, Xu, Meng, Chen, Shuting, Zhang, Chao, and Hao, Jiahu
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PREMATURE labor ,AIR pollution ,TIME series analysis ,AIR pollutants ,PREGNANT women ,PREMATURE rupture of fetal membranes - Abstract
Accumulating evidence witnesses the negative influence of air pollution on human health, but the relationship between air pollution and premature babies has been inconsistent. In this study, the association between weekly average concentration of air pollutants and preterm birth (PTB) was conducted in Xuzhou, a heavy industry city, in China. We constructed a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM), an ecological study, to access the associations between ambient air pollutants and PTB in this study. Totally, 5408 premature babies were included, and the weekly average levels of PM
2.5 , PM10 , SO2 , NO2 , O3 , and CO were 61.24, 110.21, 22.55, 40.55, 104.45, and 1.04 mg/m3 , respectively. We found that PM2.5 , PM10 , SO2 , and NO2 significantly increased the risk of PTB, and the susceptibility windows of these contaminants were the second trimester and third trimester (from 12 to 29 weeks). Every 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 , PM10 , SO2 , and NO2 , the greatest relative risk (RR) values and 95% confidence interval (CI) on PTB were 1.0075 [95% CI, 1.0019–1.0131], 1.0053 [95% CI, 1.0014–1.0092], 1.0203 [95% CI, 1.0030–1.0379], and 1.0170 [95% CI, 1.0052–1.0289] in lag 16th, 18th, 19th, and 20th gestational weeks, respectively. No significant influence of O3 and CO were found on preterm birth. Subgroup analysis showed that the risk of premature delivery was higher for younger pregnant women and in warm season. This finding shows that prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants is associated with preterm birth, and there existed an exposure window period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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23. Christian accommodative mindfulness in the clinical treatment of shame, depression, and anxiety: Results of an N-of-1 time-series study
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Tracy L. Jones, Fernando L. Garzon, and Kristy Ford
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Complementary and Manual Therapy ,N of 1 trial ,Mindfulness ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Shame ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,medicine ,Anxiety ,medicine.symptom ,Time series study ,Psychology ,Clinical treatment ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Clinical psychology ,media_common - Published
- 2023
24. Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and acute myocardial infarction attack risk.
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Zheng, Murui, Zhang, Yanhong, Feng, Wenru, Chen, Yuliang, Huan, Lin, Ye, Shu, Wu, Jiagang, Huang, Jun, Liao, Yifu, Guo, Pi, and Liu, Huazhang
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MYOCARDIAL infarction risk factors ,AGE distribution ,AIR pollution ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,NITROGEN oxides ,POISSON distribution ,RESEARCH funding ,RISK assessment ,SEX distribution ,TIME series analysis ,PARTICULATE matter ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Background: It is still unclear about the association between ambient air pollution and attack risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in South China. This study assessed the effects of short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants on hospital admission of AMI in Guangzhou, South China. Materials and methods: We obtained the information on 19,622 hospital admissions of AMI from the Guangzhou Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Event Surveillance System during the years from 2014 to 2017. Daily concentrations of air pollution data on particulate matter < 2.5 μm in diameter (PM
2.5 ), sulfur dioxide (SO2 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), and ozone (O3 ) were available from the Daily Quality Report of the Guangzhou Environmental Protection Bureau during the study period. The effects of air pollution exposure on the risk of AMI hospital admission were assessed using Poisson generalized additive models. Risk estimates were reported as the percent increase in daily hospital admissions of AMI for an interquartile range (IQR) increment in air pollution concentrations. Results: On average, there were 13 hospital admissions of AMI each day. After controlling for the pollutants, including PM2.5 , SO2 , and O3 , and other time-varying factors, a 21.26-μg/m3 increment in the 2-day moving average of same-day and previous-day NO2 concentrations was statistically linked to an increase of 6.38% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.33%, 11.67%] of AMI hospital admissions. Additionally, per IQR increment in the 2-day moving average exposure of same-day and previous-day NO2 pollutant levels was linked to a 7.85% (95% CI: 1.19%, 14.95%) increase of AMI hospital admissions among people aged above 65 years old. An effect modification of risk by gender was found, suggesting that females were more susceptible to the exposure to NO2 pollutant. Conclusions: A statistical association between NO2 exposure and AMI attack risk is identified, which can provide insight into the planning of clinical services for AMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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25. Short-term impact of PM2.5, PM10, and PMc on mortality and morbidity in the agglomeration of Warsaw, Poland.
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Maciejewska, Katarzyna
- Abstract
The work presents the results of short-term health effects assessment of particulate matter (PM) in Warsaw, the capital of Poland. The influence of three PM fractions, PM10 (particles of aerodynamic diameter < 10 μm), PM2.5 (particles of aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm), and PMc (coarse fraction of diameter between 2.5 and 10 μm), modeled by the CALMET/CALPUFF system, has been studied in the period of 2013–2014. Six population health endpoints; daily counts of all-cause (ALL), cardiovascular (CV), and respiratory (RS) death cases; and ALL, CV, and RS hospital admissions were investigated with the use of statistical time series analysis via nonparametric generalized additive model (GAM) approach. The results show that PM2.5 increases the relative risk (RR) of ALL premature deaths by 0.7% per 10 μg/m
3 , as well as of CV mortality by 0.9%. PM10 exposures reveal the largest influence on mortality in a 2-day lag: 0.3% for all causes and 0.4% for CV causes, while for RS causes only in the elderly group (above 65 years, 1.4%) and for males (2.1%). The risk of hospitalizations increases with elevated PMc levels by 2.5%, 2.1%, and 4.6% for ALL, CV, and RS hospital admissions, respectively. The results suggest that the research on PM impact on health should concentrate more on attempts to assign specific health outcomes to PM originating from different types of sources, characterized by different granulation, as well as physical and chemical properties of emitted particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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26. Impact of legislative reform on benefit access and disability duration in workers' compensation: an interrupted time series study.
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Collie, Alex, Beck, Dianne, Gray, Shannon Elise, and Lane, Tyler Jeremiah
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Objectives: To determine the impact of legislative changes to the New South Wales (NSW) workers' compensation scheme on injured workers access to benefits, insurer claim processing and work disability duration.Methods: Population-based interrupted time series study of workers' compensation claims made in NSW 2 years before and after legislative amendment in June 2012. Outcomes included incidence of accepted claims per 100 000 workers, the median and 75th percentile insurer decision time in days, and the median and 75th percentile of work disability duration in weeks. Effects were assessed relative to a comparator of seven other Australian workers' compensation jurisdictions.Results: n=1 069 231 accepted workers' compensation claims were analysed. Claiming in NSW fell 15.3% following legislative reform, equivalent to 46.6 fewer claims per 100 000 covered workers per month. This effect was greater in time loss claims (17.3%) than medical-only claims (10.3%). Across models, there were consistent trend increases in insurer decision time. Median work disability duration increased following the legislative reform.Conclusions: The observed reduction in access to benefits was consistent with the policy objective of improving the financial sustainability of the compensation scheme. However, this was accompanied by changes in other markers of performance that were unintended, and are suggestive of adverse health consequences of the reform. This study demonstrates the need for care in reform of workers' compensation scheme policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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27. Temporal Trends of Mortality in The City of Lagarto, Northeast of Brazil.
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Dantas dos Santos, Allan, Bezerra Santos, Márcio, Melo Almeida Lima, Shirley Verónica, and de Jesus Santos, Rodrigo
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
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28. Conclusion
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Schmidt, Mathias and Schmidt, Mathias
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- 2016
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29. Short-term exposure of PM2.5 and PM10 increases the number of outpatients with eczema in Guangzhou: A time-series study
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Dian Jing, Yicheng Yang, Bo Sun, Yilin Chen, Junyi Chen, Jing Xu, Ji Zhang, and Shuqun Shen
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Text mining ,business.industry ,Environmental health ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Medicine ,Time series study ,business ,Term (time) - Abstract
Background: The worldwide prevalence of eczema has continued to rise over the past decades.This has led to emphasis on the association between air pollution and eczema. This study investigated the relationship between daily exposure to air pollution and the number of eczema outpatient visits in Guangzhou with the overarching goal of providing novel insights on the interventions for eczema aggravation and prevention.Methods: Daily air pollution data, meteorological data, and number of eczema outpatients were obtained from 18th January 2013 to 31st December 2018 in Guangzhou. A generalized additive model with Poisson distribution was used to assess the association between the number of eczema outpatient visits and short-term exposure of PM2.5 and PM10. In addition, the effect of PM2.5 and PM10 by age (Results: A total of 293,343 eczema outpatient visits were recorded. The obtained results indicated that a 10μg/m3 increase of the same day/ lag 1 day/ lag 2 days PM2.5 was associated with increments of 2.33%(RR=1.0233, 95%CI: 1.0206-1.0260, PPP3 increase of PM10 was associated with eczema outpatients risk increments of 1.97%(RR=1.0197, 95%CI: 1.0177-1.0217, PPP2.5 exposure and eczema were observed at lag 0 day with the percent changes being 4.72% (95%CI, 4.18-5.28%, PPPConclusion: Short-term exposure of PM2.5 and PM10 increases the number of eczema outpatients especially among children and the elderly. This study has provided a further understanding of the relationship between air pollutants and eczema, which will benefit disease prevention and lower the health burden.
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- 2023
30. Effects of ambient benzene and toluene on emergency COPD hospitalizations: A time series study in Hong Kong.
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Ran, Jinjun, Sun, Shengzhi, Yang, Aimin, Yang, Lin, Han, Lefei, Mason, Tonya G., Chan, King-Pan, Li, Jinhui, and Tian, Linwei
- Abstract
Abstract Background Although numerous studies have demonstrated that the criteria air pollutants increased the risk of exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), few have explored the effects of ambient benzene and toluene on COPD. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the short-term effects of ambient benzene and toluene on emergency COPD (eCOPD) hospitalizations. Methods We obtained daily mean and maximum concentrations of benzene and toluene during April 1, 2011 - December 31, 2014 from the Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department, and daily counts of eCOPD hospitalizations from the Hospital Authority. Generalized additive distributed lag models were used to estimate the percentage excess risk (ER%) of eCOPD hospitalizations per interquartile range (IQR) increase in ambient benzene and toluene. Results The ER% estimates of eCOPD hospitalizations post cumulative exposure of up to two days were 2.62% (95%CI: 0.17% to 5.13%) and 1.42% (0.16% to 2.69%), for per IQR increase of daily mean benzene (1.4 μg/m3) and toluene (4.6 μg/m3), respectively. People below the age of 65 had a significantly higher risk of eCOPD hospitalizations associated with daily maximum toluene than the elderly. Conclusions Ambient benzene and toluene might be environmental stressors for acute exacerbations of COPD in the Hong Kong population. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • Evidence of ambient benzene and toluene on COPD is insufficient. • We performed generalized additive distributed lag model to assess short-term effects of ambient benzene and toluene on emergency COPD hospitalizations. • We observed cumulative effects of daily mean benzene and toluene on emergency COPD hospitalizations up to two days. • The relation of daily maximum toluene on emergency COPD hospitalizations was stronger in the younger people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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31. Are ambient volatile organic compounds environmental stressors for heart failure?.
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Ran, Jinjun, Qiu, Hong, Sun, Shengzhi, Yang, Aimin, and Tian, Linwei
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VOLATILE organic compounds & the environment ,ENVIRONMENTAL protection ,HEART failure ,DISTRIBUTED lags (Economics) ,HOSPITAL admission & discharge - Abstract
Abstract Background Numerous epidemiological studies have indicated the adverse cardiovascular effects of air pollution on heart failure (HF) risk. However, little data are available directly evaluating the association of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with HF risk. We aimed to estimate the short-term effects of ambient VOCs on HF emergency hospitalizations in Hong Kong and to evaluate whether the associations were modified by sex and age. Methods We collected the daily VOCs concentrations from the Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department between April 2011 to December 2014. HF emergency hospital admission data were obtained from the Hospital Authority of Hong Kong. Generalized additive model (GAM) integrated with the distributed lag model (DLM) was used to estimate the excess risks of HF emergency hospitalizations with ambient concentrations of each VOCs groups – alkane, alkene, alkyne, benzene and substituted benzene. Results We observed short-term effects of alkyne and benzene on an increased risk of HF emergency hospitalizations. The cumulative effect over 0–6 lag days (dlm 0-6) for an IQR increment of alkyne (1.17 ppb) was associated with 4.2% (95% CI: 1.18%–7.26%) increases of HF emergency hospitalizations, while the corresponding effect estimate over dlm 0-2 for benzene per IQR (0.43 ppb) was 2.7% (95% CI: 0.39%–5.04%). Each VOCs groups was significantly associated with HF emergency hospitalizations in men. Conclusions Ambient volatile organic compounds, particularly alkyne and benzene, were associated with increased risks of heart failure in the Hong Kong population. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Evidence on health effects of ambient VOCs on heart failure is insufficient. • Generalized additive distributed lag model were used to estimate effects of VOCs. • We observed short-term effects of alkyne and benzene on HF hospitalizations. • Health impacts of VOCs on HF were stronger in men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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32. Short-term effects of fine and coarse particles on deaths in Hong Kong elderly population: An analysis of mortality displacement.
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Qiu, Hong, Pun, Vivian C., and Tian, Linwei
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PARTICULATE matter ,HEALTH ,AIR pollution ,PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of air pollution ,MORTALITY ,OLDER people - Abstract
Background While numerous studies worldwide have evaluated the short-term associations of fine and coarse particulate matter (PM) air pollution with mortality and morbidity, these studies may be susceptible to short-term harvesting effect. We aimed to investigate the short-term association between mortality and PM with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ) and those between 2.5 and 10 μm (PMc) within a month prior to death, and assess the mortality displacement by PM 2.5 and PMc among elderly population in Hong Kong. Methods We obtained air pollution data from January 2011 to December 2015 from Environmental Protection Department, and daily cause-specific mortality data from Census and Statistical Department of Hong Kong. We performed generalized additive distributed lag model to examine the acute, delayed and long-lasting effects of PM 2.5 and PMc within one month on mortality. Results We observed a statistically significant association of PM 2.5 and PMc exposure over lags 0–6 days with all natural mortality and cardio-respiratory mortality. The overall cumulative effect of PM 2.5 over 0–30 lag days was 3.44% (95% CI: 0.30–6.67%) increase in all natural mortality and 6.90% (95% CI: 0.58–13.61%) increase of circulatory mortality, which suggested the absence of mortality displacement by PM 2.5 . On the other hand, no significant cumulative association with mortality was found for PMc over 0–30 lag exposure window, and thus mortality displacement by PMc cannot be ruled out. Findings remained robust in various sensitivity analyses. Conclusions We found adverse effect of both PM 2.5 and PMc exposure within one week prior to death. While there was no evidence of mortality displacement in the association of PM 2.5 exposure over one month prior with all natural and circulatory mortality, mortality displacement by PMc cannot be ruled out. PM 2.5 may contribute more to the longer term effect of particulate matter than PMc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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33. Short-term effect of ambient air pollutant change on the risk of tuberculosis outpatient visits: a time-series study in Fuyang, China
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Xin-Qiang Wang, Xin Cheng, Wen-Jie Yu, Xiao-Jing Yang, Zhen-tao Ding, Xiu-Jun Zhang, Cheng-Yang Hu, Kun Ding, Ying-Qing Li, Xiao-Hong Kan, Kang-Di Zhang, Jie Wang, Yong-Zhong Zhang, and Kai Huang
- Subjects
Male ,China ,Tuberculosis ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Air Pollution ,Environmental health ,Outpatients ,Humans ,Medicine ,Environmental Chemistry ,Term effect ,Time series study ,Aged ,Pollutant ,Air Pollutants ,business.industry ,Environmental Exposure ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Pollution ,Ambient air ,Outpatient visits ,Environmental Pollutants ,Female ,Particulate Matter ,business - Abstract
There is growing evidence that air pollution plays a role in TB, but few studies have comprehensively included the six common air pollutants. Our objectives were to investigate the association between short-term exposure to six common air pollutants and the risk of tuberculosis outpatient visits in Fuyang, China, during the period 2015-2020. We combined the two models to explore the effects of exposure to six air pollutants on the risk of tuberculosis outpatient visits, including Poisson generalized linear regression model and distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). We performed stratified analyses for season, gender and age. We used the lag-specific relative risks and cumulative relative risk obtained by increasing pollutant concentration by per 10 units to evaluate the connection between six air pollutants and TB, PM2.5 (RR=1.0018, 95%CI: 1.0004-1.0032, delay of 12 days) and (RR=1.0169,95%CI: 1.0007-1.0333, lag 0-16 days), SO2 were 0.9549 (95%CI: 0.9389-0.9712, lag 0 days) and 0.8212 (95%CI: 0.7351-0.9173, 0-20 days lag). Stratified analyses showed that seasonal differences had a greater impact on TB, and male more likely to develop TB than female, older people more likely to develop TB than younger people. Exposure to O3, CO, PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 increases the risk of TB outpatient visits, except SO2 reduces the risk. Male and elderly people should be protected. We need to pay more attention to the impact of seasonal effects on TB.
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- 2022
34. Effects of ambient air pollutants on hospital admissions and deaths for cardiovascular diseases: a time series analysis in Tehran
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Seyed Saeed Hashemi, Saeed Motesaddi Zarandi, Elahe Shahhosseini, Zahra Namvar, Philip K. Hopke, Mostafa Hadei, and Abbas Shahsavani
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Pollutant ,business.industry ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Air pollution ,General Medicine ,Disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Pollution ,Health data ,Ambient air ,Adverse health effect ,Environmental health ,Environmental Chemistry ,Medicine ,Christian ministry ,Time series study ,business - Abstract
Short-term exposures to air pollution have been associated with various adverse health effects. In this study, we investigated the associations between ambient air pollutants with the number of hospital admissions and mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This time series study was conducted in Tehran for the years 2014–2017 (1220 day). We collected the ambient air pollutant concentration data from the regulatory monitoring stations. The health data were obtained from the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used for the analyses. Total CVDs and ischemic heart disease (IHD) admissions were associated with CO for each 1 mg/m3 increase at lags of 6 and 7 days. Also, there was a positive association between total CVDs (RR 1.01; 1.001 to 1.03), IHD (RR 1.04; 1.006 to 1.07), and cerebrovascular diseases (RR 1.03; 1.005 to 1.07) mortality with SO2 at a lag of 4 days. PM2.5 and PM10 were associated with cerebrovascular disease admissions in females aged 16–65 years and 16 years and younger for each 10 µg/m3 increase, respectively. Short-term exposure to SO2, NO2, and CO was associated with hospital admissions and mortality for CVDs, IHD, cerebrovascular diseases, and other cardiovascular diseases at different lags. Moreover, females were more affected by ambient air pollutants than males in terms of their burden of CVDs. Therefore, identifying the likely harmful effects of pollutants given their current concentrations requires the planning and implementation of strategies to reduce air pollution.
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- 2021
35. Temperature might increase the hospital admission risk for rheumatoid arthritis patients in Anqing, China: a time-series study
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Li-Juan Huang, Jun-Jing Zha, Bao-Zhu Li, Xiu-Jie Chu, Xian-Bao Li, Nv-Wei Cao, Hua Wang, and Hao-Yue Zhou
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Atmospheric Science ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,Time series ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Health outcomes ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Significant risk ,Time series study ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,Original Paper ,DLNM ,Ecology ,business.industry ,Diurnal temperature variation ,Temperature ,medicine.disease ,Hospital admission ,Hospitals ,Cold Temperature ,Hospitalization ,Female ,business - Abstract
Temperature has been studied in relation to many health outcomes. However, few studies have explored its effect on the risk of hospital admission for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to analyze associations between mean temperature, diurnal temperature range (DTR), temperature change between neighboring days (TCN), and daily admissions for RA from 2015 to 2019 in Anqing, China. Subgroup analyses based on age, gender, rheumatoid factors, and admission route were performed. In total, 1456 patients with RA were hospitalized. Regarding the cumulative-lag effects of extreme cold temperature (5th percentile = 3℃), the risks of admissions for RA were increased and highest at lag 0–11 (RR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.23–5.86). Exposing to low (5th percentile = 1.9℃) and high (95th percentile = 14.2℃) DTRs both had increased risks of RA admission, with highest RRs of 1.40 (95% CI: 1.03–1.91) and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.0–1.53) at lag 0 day, respectively. As for TCN, the marginal risk of admission in RA patients was found when exposed to high TCN (95th percentile = 2.9℃) with the largest single-day effect at lag 10 (RR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01–1.23). In subgroup analyses, females were more susceptible to extreme cold temperature, low and high DTRs, and high TCN. In regard to extreme cold temperature, significant risk of hospital admission in females only appeared at lag 2 (RR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.02–2.15) and lag 0–2 (RR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.11–4.95). It is clear that RA patients exposed to changing temperature may increase risks of admission. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00484-021-02207-9.
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- 2021
36. Association of Air Pollution and Mortality of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Shenyang, China: A Time Series Analysis Study
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Jie GUO, Mingyue MA, Chunling XIAO, Chunqing ZHANG, Jianping CHEN, Hong LIN, Yiming DU, and Min LIU
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Air pollution ,Acute lower respiratory tract infection ,Time series study ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: We aimed to evaluate the risk factors of the daily mortality associated with air pollution causing acute lower respiratory tract infections. Methods: We applied a short time series analysis to the air pollution record, meteorological data and 133 non-accidental death data in Shengyang, China, in 2013-2015. After controlling the seasonality, day of week and weather conditions, the group employed an over-dispersed Possion generalized addictive model to discuss the associations among different variables, then performed the stratified analysis according to age, gender, and season. Results: Mean concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters of < 10 μm (PM10) and < 2.5 μm (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) were 122.4, 74.8, 79.4, 47.7, and 86.2 μg/m3, respectively. An increase of 10 μg/m3 in the 8-day moving average concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and O3 corresponded to 0.18% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10%, 0.26%), 0.21% (95% CI: 0.11%, 0.31%), 0.16% (95% CI: 0.04%, 0.30%), 0.43% (95% CI: 0.07%, 0.90%), and 0.10% (95% CI: -0.08%, 0.31%) increase in the daily mortality. The effects of air pollution lasted 9 days (lag 0-8), and they were more statistically significant in the elderly than in other age groups. Conclusion: These findings clarified the burden of air pollution on the morbidity of acute lower respiratory tract infections and emphasized the urgency of the control and prevention of air pollution and respiratory diseases in China.
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- 2018
37. Risk and burden of hospital admissions associated with wildfire-related PM2·5 in Brazil, 2000–15: a nationwide time-series study
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Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, Shanshan Li, Qi Zhao, Xu Yue, Gongbo Chen, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva, Yuming Guo, Tingting Ye, and Rongbin Xu
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National health ,Health (social science) ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Context (language use) ,Health outcomes ,Attributable risk ,Medicine ,National level ,Brazilian population ,Daily exposure ,Time series study ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Summary Background In the context of climate change and deforestation, Brazil is facing more frequent and unprecedented wildfires. Wildfire-related PM2·5 is associated with multiple adverse health outcomes; however, the magnitude of these associations in the Brazilian context is unclear. We aimed to estimate the association between daily exposure to wildfire-related PM2·5 and cause-specific hospital admission and attributable health burden in the Brazilian population using a nationwide dataset from 2000 to 2015. Methods In this nationwide time-series analysis, data for daily all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory hospital admissions were collected through the Brazilian Unified Health System from 1814 municipalities in Brazil between Jan 1, 2000, and Dec 31, 2015. Daily concentrations of wildfire-related PM2·5 were estimated using the 3D chemical transport model GEOS-Chem at a 2·0° latitude by 2·5° longitude resolution. A time-series analysis was fitted using quasi-Poisson regression to quantify municipality-specific effect estimates, which were then pooled at the regional and national levels using random-effects meta-analyses. Analyses were stratified by sex and ten age groups. The attributable fraction and attributable cases of hospital admissions due to wildfire-related PM2·5 were also calculated. Findings At the national level, a 10 μg/m3 increase in wildfire-related PM2·5 was associated with a 1·65% (95% CI 1·51–1·80) increase in all-cause hospital admissions, a 5·09% (4·73–5·44) increase in respiratory hospital admissions, and a 1·10% (0·78–1·42) increase in cardiovascular hospital admissions, over 0–1 days after the exposure. The effect estimates for all-cause hospital admission did not vary by sex, but were particularly high in children aged 4 years or younger (4·88% [95% CI 4·47–5·28]), children aged 5–9 years (2·33% [1·77–2·90]), and people aged 80 years and older (3·70% [3·20–4·20]) compared with other age groups. We estimated that 0·53% (95% CI 0·48–0·58) of all-cause hospital admissions were attributable to wildfire-related PM2·5, corresponding to 35 cases (95% CI 32–38) per 100 000 residents annually. The attributable rate was greatest for municipalities in the north, south, and central-west regions, and lowest in the northeast region. Results were consistent for all-cause and respiratory diseases across regions, but remained inconsistent for cardiovascular diseases. Interpretation Short-term exposure to wildfire-related PM2·5 was associated with increased risks of all-cause, respiratory, and cardiovascular hospital admissions, particularly among children (0–9 years) and older people (≥80 years). Greater attention should be paid to reducing exposure to wildfire smoke, particularly for the most susceptible populations. Funding Australian Research Council and Australian National Health and Medical Research Council.
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- 2021
38. Seasonal and Temporal Patterns of Homicides and Suicides in Cali and Manizales, Colombia: A Times-Series Analysis 2008–2015
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María Isabel Gutiérrez-Martínez, Lucy Nieto-Betancurt, Antonio Ponce de Leon, Sara Gabriela Pacichana-Quinayáz, and Andrés Fandiño-Losada
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Series (stratigraphy) ,Geography ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Time series study ,Demography - Abstract
To identify seasonal and temporal variations in daily incidence of homicides and suicides in Cali and Manizales, Colombia during 2008-2015.An ecological time series study was performed using negative binomial regression models for daily incidence of homicides and suicides; analyses were controlled for yearly trends and temporal autocorrelations.Saturdays, Sundays, December holidays as well as New Year and New Year's Eve were associated with an increased risk of homicides in both cities. Suicide risk increased during December holidays and New Year in both cities. In addition, the suicide risk increased on paydays, Saturdays, Sundays, and Mondays in Cali, and it decreased during the Holy Week holidays in Manizales. December patterns of suicides and homicides are the opposite in each city, and between cities.The incidences of homicides and suicides are not homogeneous over time. These patterns can be explained partially by alcohol consumption and changes in people's routine activities which may modify exposure to violent circumstances.
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- 2021
39. Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis: efficacy of outbreak management
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Berthold Seitz, U. Löw, Adrien Quintin, Albert Heim, Gesine Schießl, Barbara Gärtner, and Cristina Martin
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Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Keratoconjunctivitis ,Disease ,Disease Outbreaks ,Cornea ,Adenovirus Infections, Human ,Conjunctivitis, Viral ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,medicine ,Humans ,Time series study ,Retrospective Studies ,Cross Infection ,business.industry ,Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis ,Outbreak ,Middle Aged ,Basic reproduction number ,Sensory Systems ,Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis ,Medical documents ,Virus detection ,Ophthalmology ,Hygienic management concept ,Female ,business ,EKC outbreak - Abstract
Purpose Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) is one of the most severe ocular viral infections. The aim of this interruptive time series study was to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of a hygienic EKC outbreak management concept developed in our ophthalmological department. Methods All patients with suspected EKC in the period from August to November 2018 were included in the study. Data were retrospectively collected from the patient’s medical documents and records. The disease was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by virus detection through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from conjunctival swabs. With the beginning of the epidemic, an outbreak management plan was implemented to reduce the nosocomial spread. Results The outbreak lasted 77 days (20th August 2018 to 4th November 2018) and affected a total of 120 patients. This corresponds to a mean of 1.5 patients per outbreak day. The median age was 58 [1–92] years. Of all patients, 61 (50.8%) were female. Conjunctival swabs were collected in 100/120 (83.3%) cases, the adenovirus being detected in all positive smears (63/63, 100%). The implementation of our outbreak management plan reduced significantly the number of EKC cases per outbreak day and resulted in a reduction of the basic reproduction number by a factor of 2.2. Conclusion The detection of EKC together with the immediate implementation of hygienic outbreak measures can significantly reduce the spread of infection. The implementation of a strict outbreak management concept can significantly reduce the number of EKC cases, thus avoiding possible complications and therefore unnecessary health-related costs.
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- 2021
40. Relationship Between Mobile Penetration Rate and Divorce Rate in Iran During 1995–2019: A Time-Series Study
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Siroos Ahmadi
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Statistics ,Time series study ,Penetration rate ,Psychology ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Abstract
Mobile media, which comprise the main features of other media, can potentially influence many social issues. This time-series study aims to investigate the relationship between the mobile penetration rate and the growing divorce rate in Iran from 1995 to 2019. To specify the relationship, women’s participation in the labor force as a powerful social variable affecting the divorce rate was considered and modeled in the analysis. More specifically, the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method was employed to measure the short and long-term relationships. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between the mobile penetration rate and the divorce rate in both short- and long-term periods; however, women’s participation in the labor force was not associated with the divorce rate.
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- 2021
41. High‐risk transmission clusters of leprosy in an endemic area in the Northeastern Brazil: A retrospective spatiotemporal modelling (2001–2019)
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Carlos Dornels Freire de Souza, Wandklebson Silva da Paz, Allan Dantas dos Santos, Dayanne Maria Damasceno, and Márcio Bezerra-Santos
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Endemic Diseases ,Spatial distribution ,Bayesian estimator ,law.invention ,Young Adult ,Spatio-Temporal Analysis ,Risk Factors ,law ,Leprosy ,Epidemiology ,Disease Transmission, Infectious ,medicine ,Humans ,Time series study ,Retrospective Studies ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Endemic area ,Bayes Theorem ,Regression analysis ,medicine.disease ,Infectious Diseases ,Transmission (mechanics) ,Geography ,Female ,Parasitology ,Cartography ,Brazil - Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyse and map the leprosy risk areas in the state of Alagoas, an endemic region in the Northeastern Brazil, between 2001 and 2019. METHODS Ecological and time series study, using spatial analysis techniques. First, we analyse the epidemiological aspects of leprosy cases, using the data available in the Notifiable Diseases Information System; then, we used the segmented log-linear regression model to assess time trends. Spatial distribution was analysed by the Local Empirical Bayesian Estimator and by calculating the Global and Local Moran Index. Finally, spatiotemporal clusters were identified through scanning statistics, using the Kulldorf method of retrospective analysis. RESULTS We observed that Alagoas showed an average new case detection rate of 14.43/100,000 inhabitants between 2001 and 2019, being classified as highly endemic. The area of highest risk was the 9th health region (state hinterland), with increasing time trend (Annual Percentage Change/APC = 7.2; p-value < 0.05). Several clusters of high risk of leprosy transmission were verified in Alagoas, including the state capital and hinterland municipalities. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that active M. leprae transmission persists in Alagoas; that diagnosis is delayed and that there are high-risk areas, especially in inland municipalities.
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- 2021
42. Exposure-lag-response associations between weather conditions and ankylosing spondylitis: a time series study
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Ling Xin, Yanyan Fang, Jian Liu, and Yongjian Zhu
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Male ,Risk ,Distributed lag ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hot Temperature ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Sports medicine ,Lag ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,Weather conditions ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,symbols.namesake ,Rheumatology ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,Spondylitis, Ankylosing ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Poisson regression ,Time series study ,Weather ,Aged ,030304 developmental biology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,0303 health sciences ,Ankylosing spondylitis ,business.industry ,Research ,Temperature ,Relative humidity ,medicine.disease ,Distributed lag nonlinear model ,RC925-935 ,Relative risk ,symbols ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Background Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) have reported that their pain becomes worse when the local weather changes. However, there is limited evidence verifying the short-term associations between meteorological factors and outpatient visits for patients with AS. Therefore, this study evaluates this possible association. Methods Meteorological data and data on daily AS outpatient visits to a general hospital in Hefei, China, from 2014 to 2019 were collected and analysed. Distributed lag nonlinear models and Poisson regression models were employed to determine the association between weather conditions and outpatient visits; the results were also stratified by gender and age. Results High relative humidity is significantly associated with all patient visits in lag 1 (RR = 1.113, 95% CI 1.021 to 1.213) and lag 7 days (RR = 1.115, 95% CI 1.014 to 1.227). A low relative risk to the nadir is observed in lag 4 days (RR = 0.920, 95% CI 0.862 to 0.983). Male and young patients ( Conclusions Our findings suggest a potential relationship between exposure to weather conditions and increased risk of AS outpatient visits. These results can aid hospitals in preparing for and managing hospital visits by AS patients when the local weather conditions change.
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- 2021
43. Association between ozone exposure and prevalence of mumps: a time-series study in a Megacity of Southwest China
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Wenjun Xie, Wen Zeng, Bin Wang, Chang Shu, Han Zhao, and Yu Zhan
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Distributed lag ,China ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Air pollution ,Cumulative Exposure ,O3 ,Population density ,Ozone ,Environmental health ,Cumulative exposure ,Prevalence ,Environmental Chemistry ,Medicine ,Humans ,Time series study ,Ozone exposure ,Mumps ,High humidity ,Air Pollutants ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Environmental Exposure ,Pollution ,Megacity ,Relative risk ,Particulate Matter ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
In the present study, we aim to evaluate the delayed and cumulative effect of ozone (O3) exposure on mumps in a megacity with high population density and high humidity. We took Chongqing, a megacity in Southwest China, as the research area and 2013–2017 as the research period. A total of 49,258 confirmed mumps cases were collected from 122 hospitals of Chongqing. We employed the distributed lag nonlinear models with quasi-Poisson link to investigate the relationship between prevalence of mumps and O3 exposure after adjusting for the effects of meteorological conditions. The results show that the effect of O3 exposure on mumps was mainly manifested in the lag of 0–7 days. The single-day ;lag effect was the most obvious on the 4th day, with the relative risk (RR) of mumps occurs of 1.006 (95% CI: 1.003–1.007) per 10 μg/m3 in the O3 exposure. The cumulative RR within 7 days was 1.025 (95% CI: 1.013–1.038). Our results suggest that O3 exposure can increase the risk of mumps infection, which fills the gap of relevant research in mountainous areas with high population density and high humidity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-021-15473-2.
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- 2021
44. Elements of Epidemiology
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Lefranc, Agnès, Larrieu, Sophie, Houdy, Philippe, editor, Lahmani, Marcel, editor, and Marano, Francelyne, editor
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- 2011
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45. Short-term effects of ambient benzene and TEX (toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene combined) on cardiorespiratory mortality in Hong Kong.
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Ran, Jinjun, Qiu, Hong, Sun, Shengzhi, and Tian, Linwei
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- *
BENZENE , *TOLUENE , *ETHYLBENZENE , *XYLENE , *CARDIOPULMONARY system - Abstract
Background Numerous epidemiological and experimental studies have demonstrated the detrimental effects of the criteria air pollutants on population health, including particulate matters, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide. However, evidence on health effects of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX in short) is insufficient. Objectives The present study aimed to assess the exposure-lag-response relations of ambient BTEX components with cardiorespiratory mortality in Hong Kong population. Methods Daily BTEX concentrations from April 2011 to December 2014 were collected from the Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department. Cause-specific mortality records were obtained from the Census and Statistics Department of Hong Kong. Generalized additive model (GAM) integrated with a distributed lag model (DLM) was used to estimate the excess risks of cardiorespiratory mortality associated with the cumulative exposure to benzene and TEX (toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene combined) over 0–9 lag days, while adjusting for time trend, seasonality, weather conditions and calendar effects. Results We observed the delayed and distributed lag effects of BTEX components on circulatory mortality. The cumulative exposures over 0–9 lag days for IQR increments of benzene (1.4 μg/m 3 ) and TEX (7.9 μg/m 3 ) were associated with 5.8% (95%CI: 1.0% to 10.8%) and 3.5% (95%CI: 1.0% to 6.1%) increases in circulatory mortality, respectively. The effect estimates of benzene and TEX were more delayed than that of PM 2.5 . We didn't observe any significant association of BTEX exposure on total and respiratory deaths. Conclusions Short-term elevations in ambient BTEX concentrations may trigger circulatory mortality in Hong Kong population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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46. The association between inhalable particulate matter and YLL caused by COPD in a typical city in northern China.
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Zeng, Qiang, Wu, Ziting, Jiang, Guohong, Li, Pei, Ni, Yang, Li, Guoxing, and Pan, Xiaochuan
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- *
OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *AIR pollution , *HEALTH , *AIR pollutants , *ATMOSPHERIC deposition , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become the fourth-leading cause of death. The association between air pollution and years of life lost (YLL) caused by COPD is currently a hot topic; however, few studies have been published regarding COPD YLL around the world, especially in China, a highly polluted area. Aim We investigated the exposure-response association between ambient particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μm (PM 10 ) and COPD YLL. Methods We applied a generalized additive model (GAM) to estimate the short-term effects of PM 10 on COPD YLL and mortality from 2002 to 2010 in Tianjin. Results The annual mean concentration of PM 10 was 111.6 μg/m 3 . An increase in PM 10 was significantly associated with daily YLL and mortality in a single pollutant model. A 10 μg/m 3 increase in the two-day moving average of PM 10 was associated with the maximum YLL increment of 0.30 (95% confidence interval: 0.06, 0.54) person-years and an excess risk (ER) of mortality of 0.60% (0.20%, 1.01%). For YLL increases, the association is stronger in elderly (0.27 (0.06, 0.48), the cumulative effect) populations than in younger populations. Conclusions An increment of COPD YLL is associated with an increased PM 10 concentration. Elderly groups are more susceptible to air pollution. Strict air pollutant emission control is needed to protect public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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47. Studies of Air Pollution and Health
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- 2008
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48. High-Precision Spectroscopy of Pulsating Stars
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Aerts, C., Hekker, S., Desmet, M., Carrier, F., Zima, W., Briquet, M., De Ridder, J., Leibundgut, Bruno, editor, Santos, Nuno C., editor, Pasquini, Luca, editor, Correia, Alexandre C. M., editor, and Romaniello, Martino, editor
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- 2008
- Full Text
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49. Particulate matter pollution associated with schizophrenia hospital re-admissions: a time-series study in a coastal Chinese city
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Rubing Pan, Heng Wang, Bin Liu, Hong Su, Jian Cheng, Yanhu Ji, and Jian Song
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Male ,Pollution ,China ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Intervention measures ,Air Pollution ,Environmental health ,Humans ,Environmental Chemistry ,Medicine ,Cities ,Time series study ,Disease burden ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,Air Pollutants ,business.industry ,Environmental Exposure ,General Medicine ,Particulates ,medicine.disease ,Hospitals ,Hospitalization ,Chinese city ,Schizophrenia ,Relative risk ,Particulate Matter ,business - Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) hospital re-admissions constitute a serious disease burden worldwide. Some studies have reported an association between air pollutants and hospital admissions for SCZ. However, evidence is scarce regarding the effects of ambient particulate matter (PM) on SCZ hospital re-admissions, especially in coastal cities in China. The purpose of this study was to examine whether PM affects the risk of SCZ hospital re-admission in the coastal Chinese city of Qingdao. Daily SCZ hospital re-admissions, daily air pollutants, and meteorological factors from 2015 to 2019 were collected. A quasi-Poisson generalized linear regression model combined with distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was applied to model the exposure-lag-response relationship between PM and SCZ hospital re-admissions. The relative risks (RRs) were estimated for an inter-quartile range (IQR) increase in PM concentrations. Subgroup analyses by age and gender were conducted to identify the vulnerable subgroups. There were 6220 SCZ hospital re-admissions during 2015-2019. The results revealed that PM, including PM10 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm), PMc (particles >2.5 μm but
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- 2021
50. Short-term exposure to air pollution and hospital admission for heart failure among older adults in metropolitan cities: a time-series study
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Hyun-Joo Bae, Changwoo Han, Dong-Wook Lee, Jongmin Oh, Youn-Hee Lim, Soontae Kim, and Yun-Chul Hong
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business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Air pollution ,Seasonality ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,complex mixtures ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Metropolitan area ,Confidence interval ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Environmental health ,Heart failure ,Hospital admission ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Time series study ,business ,Adverse effect - Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association between air pollution concentration levels and hospital admissions for heart failure (HF) among older adults in metropolitan cities in South Korea. We used hospital admission data of 1.8 million older adults in seven metropolitan cities from 2008 to 2016, derived from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. Daily HF admission data were linked to air pollutants concentrations for the respective dates, including particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in size (PM2.5), 10 μm (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone. We estimated the association between air pollutants and daily HF admissions using quasi-Poisson generalized additive models for each city. During the study period, 142,490 hospital admissions for HF were noted. Increases of 10 μg/m3 of PM2.5 and PM10, and 10 ppb of SO2, NO2, and CO were associated with an increased risk of HF admission by 0.93% ([95% confidence intervals 0.51–1.36], 0.55% [0.31–0.80], 6.04% [2.15–10.08], 1.10% [0.38–1.82], and 0.05% [0.01–0.09]), respectively, on the same day. Increases in mean exposure to PM2.5, PM10, and SO2 for 8 days from the concurrent day were also significantly associated with HF admissions. During the warm season, the risk of HF admissions increased shortly after an increase in PM2.5, whereas prolonged effects were observed during the cold season. Our study suggests the adverse effects of air pollution on HF. Moreover, the evidence of seasonality may help tailor protection guidelines for older adults.
- Published
- 2021
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