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The paper deals with different scenarios of electric arc discharge propagation in the ITER tokamak toroidal magnet conductor. Estimates are obtained for the rate of discharge propagation along an insulated conductor and the conditions under which the conductor is cut by a direct current arc with typical values of 10–80 kA. The modes of a vacuum arc and normal and high‐pressure arcs are considered. The analysis was based on steady‐state heat‐ and mass‐transfer equations in a combination with the model of evaporation of the Knudsen–Langmuir surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimental and numerical studies are reported of high-temperature magnetohydrodynamic flows occurring in the explosion of miniature single-turn solenoids in an ultrastrong pulsed magnetic field with an amplitude of 300–400 T and a risetime of about 100 μs. Experiments with exploding single-turn solenoids (wall thickness of the order of 1 mm) using pulsed x-ray photography have revealed that the onset of deformation of the solenoid is delayed in fields up to 300–350 T and the initial geometric factor of the coil remains the same during the time taken by the current to rise to its maximum value. These phenomena are described for the first time in terms of the standard interpretation of the strength of a metal within the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic flow model with finite conductivity. © 1997 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

uming a homogeneous pressure distribution in the volume of water, the pressure developed upon discharge in a spherical water-filled cavity surrounded by an infinite elastic medium is calculated as a function of the action integral S = ∫ i( t dt, where i is the current in the discharge channel. It is shown that the maximum pressure in discharge significantly decreases for relatively soft chamber wall materials (minerals, concrete) as compared to the approximation of undeformable cavity walls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficiency of using a diamagnetic screen with inertial retention in a non-destructive quasi-force-free magnet of a small volume (with a characteristic dimension about 10 cm3) for generating a superstrong magnetic field with a pulse duration of about 10 µs is shown. A configuration of the magnet was developed, in which the end part of the winding is balanced due to the fact that the screen virtually does not move during the discharge. Mechanical stresses in the winding were calculated, and it was demonstrated that mechanical strength of the winding can be ensured in a field with magnetic flux density up to 100 T. Calculations of the heating of the winding were performed and the possibilities of its reduction to an acceptable level are indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]