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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this research, we explore the effect of college instructors' use of formal versus casual titles on student perceptions as a function of the instructors' academic ranks. We conducted two studies: the first surveying students to study their expectations and preferences of formality and rank, and the second using experimental manipulations of title formality and instructor rank to examine the effects on student perceptions of instructors and their classes. Our data indicate that a full professor is perceived more favourably than a graduate assistant when using a casual title (their first name). Conversely, the pattern goes the opposite when they use a formal title. These insights were assessed through course favourability and enrolment intention and were rooted in two fundamental individual traits: competence and approachableness. In addition, the effects are less pronounced for students with previous exposure to the course content, suggesting course experience as a moderator. This study offers guidance on student–instructor interactions and provides insights for educators in presenting themselves through different titles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study tested the effect of title type on the aesthetic evaluation of Japanese poetry. Ninety participants read a Japanese poem presented with either a "descriptive" title, an "elaborative" title, or no title. Participants then gave ratings according to their aesthetic experiences on the poem. The results revealed that the title type significantly influenced the readers' aesthetic evaluations. Specifically, descriptive titles promoted more thought about the poem compared to elaborative titles. This finding can be attributed to the enhanced processing fluency afforded by descriptive titles, which allows readers to more readily understand and grasp the key characteristics of the poem, thereby facilitating thought evocation. These results extend previous findings on the influence of titles on the aesthetic appreciation of paintings and music to the domain of poetry. Furthermore, they highlight the role of processing fluency in possibly mediating the relationship between title type and aesthetic evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the issue of choosing the titles of the works that make up The Story of a Life by K.G. Paustovsky and the general name of the cycle. The manuscripts, typescripts, and the writer’s correspondence, published only partially, allow us to trace the history of the search for the names of the third and fifth parts of the cycle and to establish their long-established working names — “Collapses of Time” and “Agitated Caucasus.” Materials from Paustovsky’s Collection in RGALI demonstrate that the sixth part was originally entitled “On Slow Fire (The Book of Wanderings).” The title was changed by the will of the editorial board of the journal “Novyi mir,” causing the writer’s regret. The expanded elements of the heading complex (the title, the epigraph, and the closely related framing parts) are characteristic of typescripts but do not always pass into the published text. Of the four parts that had epigraphs, only two have preserved them — the first and the last, and the framing parts remained unused. However, they are valuable because they shed light on the crucial concepts of Paustovsky’s works. The final titles of all six parts somehow convey the focalization of the character-narrator: his perception of the world, emotional state, and fixation of himself in time and space. Starting from the fifth part, as the manuscripts testify, the author correlates the new title with the titles of the already published parts, for which he makes peculiar lists.

Copyright of Miedzy Oryginalem a Przekladem is the property of Ksiegarnia Akademicka Sp. zo.o and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The process of the birth of Russian cotton, reflected in the novel “Colonizers” by Boris Cheprunov, a descendant of settlers to the Turkestan region during the period of its conquest by the Russian Empire, is considered. Knowing the life of Central Asia from the inside - its languages, customs and culture, Cheprunov critically comprehends the process of colonization of Central Asia. The work of this writer fell out of the historical and literary process for political reasons; there was a fleeting attempt that did not receive continuation - without analysis, with half-truths, to return to him during the thaw period. The authors of the article do one more thing - to return to the history of literature of the twentieth century the work of a writer who was forcibly erased from the literary process. The purpose of the study is to highlight the theme of Russian cotton in the novel “The Colonizers” by B.V. in modern receptive practice. Cheprunova; objectives of the study: name the personalities and facts of the period of colonization of Central Asia who played a leading role in the birth of Russian cotton growing; highlight the colonialist intentions in Cheprunov’s novel; report the history of the publication of the novel “The Colonizers” and its tragic role in the author’s fate; consider the titles of the novel: one is the author’s, the second is given when the novel was published during the Thaw. The analysis of the article fits into modern Orientalist, or post-Saidian, scientific discourse.

Having in mind the basic pragmalinguistic principle which argues that traces of the unsaid are always present in our communication and guided by Jacob L. Mey’s assertion that titles can be tricky, this study seeks to explore the elements that influence authors’ choice of titles and the opaque meanings of such titles. This research adopted a pragmatic approach to discourse analysis with the aid of the notions of presuppositions, inferences, argumentative orientations, argumentative scales and the theory of possible worlds. Results indicate that the setting of a literary work, the cultural origin, beliefs and philosophies of its author, the era within which the work is written, and the use of figures of speech, among others, are elements that influence an author’s choice of a title of a literary piece. This study has further revealed that careful consideration of these factors could play a critical role in helping a reader unravel the deeper meaning of the title of a piece of work as well as the entire text. This study is a scholarly contribution to titrology, pragmatics, and discourse analysis.

Liberal theories of property assume a linear and serialized temporal orientation facilitated by title registries, recording systems, and the exaltation of land archives. These assumptions, what I call 'property-time', can be productively put into relation with dominant geographic theories of space in two ways. First, I argue that distinguishing liberal notions of property-time from geographic space–time allows us to observe a key dialectic involving the attachment of value (and capital) to space, a process that tracks alongside contradictions of capitalist desire: the desire to continually reshape space (becoming) and to extract enduring and permanent, individuated value from it (being). Second, liberal temporalities of property struggle to apply in illiberal global contexts. Here, states enact urban accumulation regimes that deviate from linear, individuated and sequential notions of property by manipulating records and surgically erasing past ownership. These acts are often characterized as forms of state variegation and provisionality. They are also endemic to how both capital and value are created and/or arbitraged by states through the land regime. These formations remain difficult to connect to traditional theories about the production of value under capital because assumed time logics of property limit our theoretical capacity to describe illiberal urban accumulation regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Arabic Language Sciences & Literature / Maǧallaẗ ʻUlūm Al-Luġaẗ Al-ʻArabiyyaẗ Wa-Ādābi-hā is the property of Arab Journal of Sciences & Research Publishing (AJSRP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The sciences of hadith are diverse, and each science has its importance. Some of them are specific to the chains of transmission, some are related to the text in particular, some include the chain of transmission and the text, some include both, and a large portion of them relates to the narrator. Among the sciences related to narrators are the sciences that reveal the person of the narrator, such as his name, surname, nickname, and whether he is accepted or not, etc. Although the hadith scholars paid attention to these sciences, this does not mean that they are neglected by the jurists, as they are the basic building block upon which the science of analysis and modification is based, which is the building block for judging the authenticity and weakness of a hadith. Through this research, we will clarify the work of one of the imams in these sciences through his books that have reached us, and he is Imam Muhammad bin Al-Hasan Al-Shaybani, the imam, the jurist, the diligent scholar, the companion of the greatest Imam Abu Hanifa. The research relied on the inductive and analytical approach. Although this imam is famous for his jurisprudence, we will find that his hadith skill is no less than his jurisprudential skill. Here we will search for some of the sciences related to the person of the narrator and the situation that appeared to us in the presence of this passionate Imam, and this is represented by an introduction and two sections, the first of which: his craftsmanship in the sciences that know the person of the narrator, and the second: his craftsmanship in the sciences that know the situation of the narrator, and then the conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A country-focused study can be defined as a type of study in which the article's topic is limited to a particular country. Based on the assumption that a country-focused article contains one or more country names in the title or keywords (CNtk), the objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of country-focused articles in Library and Information Science (LIS) journals. For this study, we selected 30 journals from the Scimago Journal Rank with the highest h-index scores to empirically investigate LIS articles with CNtk. The respective bibliographic records of these journals from 2010 to 2020 were downloaded from Scopus. In terms of subject categories, journals that addressed scientific and technical topics published fewer country-focused articles. In contrast, those on culture, society and government published a higher number of country-focused articles. One exception to this generalisation is that country-focused studies were found to be highly prevalent in certain technical subjects, such as bibliometrics. Although additional empirical evidence is needed for other fields of study, the proposed method seems valuable in analysing journal characteristics since it provides country-specific information about the published articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

CAIN AND ABEL ARE US. INCLUSIVITY IN INTERMEDIAL TRANSLATION Inclusivity in the context of translation is most commonly associated with inclusive language, not excluding anyone regardless of age, gender, orientation, disability, or origin. However, this concept can also be interpreted as involving the audience to co-participate in creating meaning, especially – though not exclusively – in the context of art. This article is dedicated to inclusivity understood in this way in intermedial translation. Its goal is to reveal the mechanisms of translating the title of the 7th edition of the theatrical meetings ‘Bliscy Nieznajomi’ (Close Strangers) which was ‘Cain and Abel’ onto various visual objects: poster, festival newspaper, and 3D installation.

In the domain of medical research, the importance of developing precise and informative elements such as the title, abstract, keywords, and authorship criteria cannot be overstated. This article provides salient points on drafting these essential components for effective communication, dissemination, and ethical behavior in the medical research field.

Copyright of Al-Adab / Al-ādāb is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Internet has enabled charitable fundraising to raise money through various social media platforms. However, individuals' avoidance behaviors toward charitable fundraising information are very common. Most people tend to choose not to browse the fundraising information. The avoidance behaviors will lead to interruption of donation process and affect subsequent donation behaviors. Using data collected from professional online survey platform, Study 1 with 274 responses were conducted to examine the influence of browsing on subsequent donation behaviors. And Study 2 with 290 responses examined the influence of fundraising title and information forwarder on donor's browsing intention. The results show that both the emotional titles and the forwarder's close relationship with the donor will trigger higher browsing intentions. In addition, perceived credibility as well as cognitive and emotional empathy mediate the influence. Furthermore, a donor's past donation experience moderates the relationship between emotional empathy and browsing intention. This study provides a theoretical system of donor's overall donation behaviors and provides practical suggestions for effective charitable fundraising through social media platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the inception of Kurdish literature to the present day, a majority of Kurdish poets have opted for pen names to identify themselves as authors of their poems. These pen names are carefully chosen, often drawing from the poet's given name, an honorific title, a poetic or eloquent term, a name linked to religion and Sufism, or a word reflecting the poet's mental, physical, and inner qualities or profession. By adopting these poetic pseudonyms, poets personalize their works and infuse them with their unique identities. The influence of Persian literature is notably evident in this practice. Research on poets' pen names in a language, along with the factors influencing their selection, not only sheds light on societal norms but also reveals the poet's worldview and perception of the world within and around them. Noteworthy aspects include the evolution of pen names over time, the reuse of previous pen names, the presence of multiple pen names for a single poet, and the selection of a specific one based on the context, all of which are distinctive features within Kurdish literature. This study explores the utilization of pen names, the methods behind their selection by poets, and the associated materials in the Kurdish literary tradition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Before and after a book there is a series of texts around it with different functions; these are the paratexts and they are always present to a greater or lesser extent. As doenças do Brasil, by the Portuguese writer Valter Hugo Mãe, draws attention because it contains paratexts in profusion: titles (of the novel, of the parts and of the chapters), summary, preface, epigraphs, dedication, afterwords, presentation of the author and of the book (on the back cover). In this work is mentioned practically all these paratexts; however, despite it starts from the title of the novel and above all the word diseases (physical and/or metaphorical), it focuses its reflection on the epigraphs, the dedication, and the afterwords. The theoretical references, among others, are the studies of Susan Sontag (1978), Gérard Genette (1987), and Antoine Compagnon (1996). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lesan-on Mobeen-on is the property of Imam Khomeini International University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The simple explanation of burnout syndrome is exhaustion from work and work-related factors. It is more common in work that requires face-to-face contact with people, such as dentists. In this study, we researched the burnout levels of dentists working in Turkey and evaluated them according to gender, title, place of work and experience. Methods: Burnout scores were determined by the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. This questionnaire was delivered to dentists online through various social media applications. We analyzed data via SigmaPlot Software. Results: The answers of a total of 477 dentists were considered valid. We observed that 73,5% of them had high burnout scores. A statistically significant difference was found in the evaluations according to the title and workplace. Experience and gender do not statistically affect burnout scores. Conclusion: It has been observed that dentists working in Turkey are more likely to face burnout syndrome at high levels. It has been predicted that patient burden may be closely related to burnout syndrome.

The article conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of the structural, semantic, and pragmatic features of scientific titles within Russian and English discourses. The relevance of the research stems from the need to identify modern trends in compiling scientific metatext across various linguistic and cultural communities, aiming to discover and implement the most efficient methods of encoding and disseminating scientific knowledge. The resultant findings could significantly enhance the overall quality of scientific work. The empirical basis for this study consists of article titles pertaining to linguistic matters, with Scopus and Web of Science editions providing the English examples, while the Russian equivalents are sourced from journals registered in the State Commission for Academic Degrees and Titles List. The criteria for the comparative analysis of the titles include a) qualitative and quantitative indicators of the lexical composition of the titles; b) methods of their syntactic organization; c) spectrum of the semantic dominants; d) design of the functional paradigm; e) degree and nature of expressiveness. Through this analysis, the authors identify several significant differences that shape the unique pragmatics of the aforementioned titles within their respective scientific domains. Among the most pertinent differences are the number and relative significance of the pragmatic functions carried out, giving insight into the linguistic mechanisms utilized at all textual organization levels.

Grimmsʼ fairy tales are fairy tales collected in German lands and literarily processed by the great germanists Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm. They were included in the collection «Children’s and Household Tales» (German: «Kinder- und Hausmärchen»), originally published in 1812. Thanks to their depth and wonderful plots, these fairy tales have not lost popularity for several centuries and are read with pleasure by adults and children. The purpose of the research was to identify and describe the structural and semantic features of the titles, formulated by the German storytellers. The relevance. In the modern world of information, the title requires comprehensive research, since it is a key element of the deep part of the text content structure and orients the reader in the world of literature and journalism. The scientific novelty. In linguistics there is no consideration of the titles in Grimmsʼ fairy tales, their semantic and structural features. The research material. The titles of the most famous and popular fairy tales of German storytellers from the Kinder- und Hausmärchen collection. In the research the general scientific and linguistic methods were applied: descriptive method, method of classification and systematization, elements of structural and semantic analysis and quantitative calculation. The scope of application. The research can be used in the study and teaching of the style of the German language, pragmatics and text interpretation. The results. The author names the structural features of the titles in Grimmsʼ fairy tales, gives a percentage of the number of title-words, title-phrases, title-sentences, lists their semantic features, focuses on complex words, talking names, numerals, appellatives, diminutive suffixes, as well as on the facts from the plot of the fairy tale that the reader can already learn from the title.

This article is an analysis of the French translation of the titles of Hispanic American television series from Spanish as the source language. More specifically, this study underpins an analysis of the linguistic and functional disparities between the original titles and their translated versions. The basic corpus is made up of twelve series titles grouped according to the three main areas of production on the American continent. They are some series produced by Telemundo in the United States, Televisa in Mexico and Caracol in Colombia: Tierra de Reyes, Una maid en Manhattan, Lo que la vida me robó, Vino el amor, La bella Ceci y el imprudente y Sinú, rio de pasiones. The translated versions of these titles are as follows: Terre de passions, Amour à Manhattan, Les choix de l'amour, L'ivresse de l'amour, Un palace pour deux and La rivière de la passion. The fundamental problem lies in the treatment received by the titles during the process of translation into French and the result. Thanks to a comparative approach, we analyse the titles from a multidisciplinary perspective based on the premises of cultural semiotics and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), and get to a number of conclusions. The main conclusion is that audiovisual translation, as far as titles are concerned, is essentially intended to conquer a large audience. Consequently, this translation generally goes beyond the level of linguistic and contextual equivalence between the source and target texts to take on the aspect of a much more creative translation.

This article is devoted to the consideration of the titles of modern German-language novels after 1989, expressed by a substantive phrase, from the standpoint of structural analysis. The purpose of the study is to identify lexical-pragmatic potential of the most frequent models of titles. The phrase in the process of speech is not reproduced in its entirety, but is constructed by the speaker in the process of speech. This allows us to treat the phrase as a free lexical unit. The relationship between the components of a phrase is characterized by greater freedom than the relationship between the components of a compound word. This freedom is expressed in the possibility of replacing each full-valued word as part of a phrase with another word of the same class without losing the grammatical essence of the phrase. However, such grammatical unlimited compatibility is opposed to the limitations in lexical compatibility of words. In this regard, phrases differ from phraseologisms, which are characterized by lexical and grammatical idiomatic. The semantic integrity of the phrase is manifested in the semantic gravitation of the components towards each other. The presence in the phrase of the organizing core and its subordinate component confirms the thesis about the structural closure of the phrase. The relevance of this study is due to the special status of the phrase in the grammar of the German language and the rich pragmatic potential for creating successful communication between the author and the reader of novel literature. The results of the study revealed the characteristic features of the titles of the above type and identified a group of titles with greater intertextuality for further study.

The Slogan Function of Titles in Dmytro Dontsov’s Political Journalism The aim of this article is to analyse the function of titles of Dmytro Dontsov’s works and to prove the validity of the hypothesis of their “slogan” nature. Dontsov (1883–1973) consciously used a number of linguistic devices for persuasive purposes. The polemical nature of his political writings was also reflected in the titles he gave to his texts. In Dontsov’s works, one can distinguish a number of lexically, semantically, phraseologically, or metaphorically marked titles, which allowed us to hypothesise that many of the examined titles play a role similar to that of a political slogan. The analysed titles contain elements that make it easier for the recipient to assimilate their condensed message. We notice the conciseness of the message and the deliberate use of a number of linguistic, eristic and stylistic means. This leads to the conclusion that such a construction of the title serves, similarly to advertising or political slogans, to mobilise and motivate the recipient-reader. Sloganowa funkcja tytułów w publicystyce politycznej Dmytra Doncowa Celem artykułu jest analiza funkcji tytułów utworów Dmytra Doncowa oraz udowodnienie słuszności hipotezy o ich „sloganowym” charakterze. Doncow (1883–1973) dla celów perswazyjnych świadomie wykorzystywał szereg środków językowych, przy czym polemiczny charakter pism politycznych Doncowa przejawiał się także w tym, jak tytułował swoje teksty. W jego twórczości można wyróżnić szereg tytułów nacechowanych leksykalnie, semantycznie, frazeologicznie czy metaforycznie, co pozwala postawić hipotezę, że wiele z nich pełni rolę zbliżoną do hasła politycznego. Analizowane tytuły zawierają elementy ułatwiające odbiorcy przyswojenie ich skondensowanego przekazu. W tytułach Doncowa zauważamy zwięzłość przekazu oraz celowe użycie szeregu środków językowych, erystycznych i stylistycznych. Prowadzi to do wniosku, że taka konstrukcja tytułu służy, podobnie jak ma to miejsce w przypadku sloganów, mobilizacji odbiorcy-czytelnika do politycznej aktywności.

Copyright of Journal of Arabic Language Sciences & Literature / Maǧallaẗ ʻUlūm Al-Luġaẗ Al-ʻArabiyyaẗ Wa-Ādābi-hā is the property of Arab Journal of Sciences & Research Publishing (AJSRP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research aims to study the poetic titling functions because of their authority to reveal subtle meanings of poetic work /text and the response it raises in the recipient. Titling is one of the most important thresholds that establish the work / poetic text and its content is an effective pillar in directing our receptors to the work / poetic text. It has its multiple goals and functions; interpretative and communicative. Thus, this critical reading depends on the textual approach using some semiotic orientation, which fuels the lighting of the work / text and its interpretation, based on the targeted titling function of the work/text as a whole or in part, and structurally and semantically linked to it. The model that is used is contemporary Yemeni poetry (the period of the seventies and eighties), a time when we experienced the journey of research as being distinguished by its national, civil, and human issues. The titling was an active nucleus in the act of reading and directing what we perceive of poetic work or text from its functional point of view. Titling has its different dimensions and functions as we get from our reading by extrapolating some of the title functions that are assigned to work / text, or communicating with the external (recipient, universe), and internal (work / text), as models leading to the availability of referral and communication functions in the Yemeni poetry subjected to critical examination. The referral functions represented functions of discrimination, reduction, disclosure of content, and title textuality of the numerator: literary, religious which worked within the dialectic of the text. The communicative functions represented implicit indicative (suggestive) and the booster function; supported by symbolism that works to frame the contextual use of its poetic value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The functions of the title in theoretical and practical interpretation are considered. Problems and mistakes of naming are pointed out from the point of view of actual requirements to the information presentation. Recommendations for creating title complex optimal in the situation of information glut are offered. The main conclusions are supported by the results of a group survey of journalism students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Human Sciences Journal / Revue des Sciences Humaines is the property of Universite des Freres Mentouri Constantine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A correlation study between professional academic citations and social media (SM)-dominated Altmetrics measures is of interest to library professionals. Three parameters namely, title wording, open access (OA) facility, and research funding credentials impact the citation of an article. The study investigates how these parameters relate to the literature related to COVID-19, SM, and misinformation. The citations were obtained from the Dimension-Altmetric citation database. The database was searched using the search terms "Covid-19 AND Social Media AND Misinformation". The Mann-Whitney-U test, pearson correlation and point-biserial correlation analysis were used to analyse the 1,489 citations. A moderate positive pearson correlation (r= 0.429, p= 0.00) between the altmetric score and dimension-based citations was found. A significant association between the altmetric score and OA compared to those of non-OA articles was observed. No significant association was found between the altmetric score and the use of specific words in the title of the article except for the length of the title. Articles that received financial support had significantly higher altmetric scores but, in the case of citations, this was not significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Collected Papers of Zagreb Law Faculty / Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu is the property of Sveuciliste u Zagrebu, Pravni Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Energy enterprises engaged in the transmission or distribution of gaseous fuels or energy are obliged under the Energy Law to conclude grid connection agreements with entities that fulfil the connection conditions. The legislator has left these undertakings a discretionary leeway visible both at the stage of verifying the fulfilment of connection conditions, which are not specified under the Act in question, and in deciding whether to refuse to conclude a connection agreement. Increasingly, energy companies are exercising their right to refuse to conclude a connection agreement, which justifies an interpretation of the definition of the conditions contained in Article 7 of the Energy Law. One of them is the possession of a legal title to use the property, which, due to the lack of definition, also raises reasonable doubts. Among others, preliminary lease agreements, which are not recognised as legal title to use real estate by some energy companies, are commonly used in legal circulation. An analysis of the provisions of the Energy Law justifies the postulate to specify the conditions necessary for grid connection, and it is also worth considering the nature of the entitlement of the entity applying for grid connection.

Textbooks may reflect a certain ecosophy through the linguistic elements of the content that significantly influences students' values. This analysis selected 88 discourses from the reading sections of Communicative English for Chinese Learners (Integrated Course), from Books 1 to 4, designed for undergraduate English majors. Based on Systemic Functional Linguistics, the title and the illustration of the reading sections are analyzed to ascertain whether the ideology they reflect is in accord with the ecosophy, that is, the harmonious coexistence of humans, nature, and the development of society. After conducting a textual analysis, all multimodal discourses that can reflect clear ecosophy conform to this idea. Concerning illustrations, seven of them are at variance with the ecosophy. As for the analysis of the logico-semantic relations between image and text, only three discourses are found at variance with the ecosophy, but in actual pedagogical context, these three discourses aim to arouse the thinking of the audience about people's inappropriate conduct and arouse their ecological consciousness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The current research compares the representative elements (title, abstract, and keywords) of the articles that existed in the proposal references' citation network with the proposals’ elements. The other goal of this research is to calculate representative elements’ weighted average (title, abstract, and keywords) from a textual similarity perspective. Methodology: This is an applied and quantitative research that uses citation analysis and content analysis. The research sample is 3019 articles extracted from the citation network of 31 graduated students’ proposals (M.Sc. and Ph.D.) in Chemistry at Shiraz University. All English articles' titles in the proposals' references were searched on the Web of Science database, and each article's file and all articles’ files in its citation network were saved in Excel format. All retrieved files were merged into one file and sorted based on citation count to have the unit citation network for each user's proposal. Because some of the proposals had an extended citation network with more than a thousand articles, 100 articles with the greatest citation count of each network were analyzed to create uniformity and balance among the proposals’ citation networks. Next, the scale of textual similarity of 100 articles' representative elements with the greatest citation count in the citation network, was calculated with the proposal’s title, the proposal’s text, and the titles of the proposal’s references. The scale of textual similarity was checked using designed software based on the Python programming language and measuring the cosine similarity. Findings: The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there was a significant difference between the articles’ representative elements and the title, text, and references’ titles of the proposals from a textual similarity viewpoint; and in all three cases articles’ abstracts had the most textual similarity with the proposal elements, then, the title and keywords of the articles' citation network were in the second and third ranks; In addition, the representative elements’ weighted average was calculated. The obtained value was 0.62 for the abstract, 0.5 for the title, and 0.22 for the keywords, respectively. Conclusion: Despite the use of different platforms to measure the similarity between the documents searched and the documents desired by the user, there is still a distance to reach the ideal level. Until now, no research had used the representative elements of the articles that existed in the proposal references' citation network to measure the textual similarity with the proposal elements and had not evaluated their capability. The confirmation of textual similarity among the representative elements of the articles that existed in the proposal references' citation network with proposals’ elements, indicates that the student's proposal can be used as a platform for recommending related articles. Hence, the designers of scientific recommender systems, scientific information retrieval systems, digital libraries, and scientific social networks such as LinkedIn, Academia, and ResearchGate can use the elements of articles' citation networks to recommend related articles. In addition, considering the articles’ representative elements as independent units is important not only for similarity measurement but also for keyword expansion and suggesting the appropriate journal to the authors for publishing their articles. According to the determined weight of representative elements and to increase the efficiency of information systems, it is suggested that designers of such systems use the abstracts and the titles of the articles to measure the similarity and avoid calculating the similarity of the texts as a whole unit. This saves time, resources, and energy, presents better results, and users can reach their target and desired information more easily and faster than before. In addition, for indexing articles in databases and search engines, the articles' abstracts and titles can be prioritized to save financial resources and energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to study the semiotics of titling in Hassan Al-Zahrani's Poetry collection entitled "Iltibas"; Title in modern poem is given great importance due to the fact that it is considered the key of entering the text world, hence discovering its depths, and structural relations. Much is also understood through the title, specifically the poem's conspicuous and subtle semantic structures and dimensions. In the semiotic approach, along with its modern tools, the poem's title helps the reader grasp the intended theme the poet wants to deliver and how much it reflects the text's internal components. The semiotic approach is the most appropriate method for revealing the symbolic connotations the text hides, thus binding its inter-structural relations and making it multi-readings. This approach amalgamates the main title and its deep and surface structures, revealing their relations to the internal subtitles. The study concludes that there are symbolic connotations revealed by the titling discourse in the poetic discourse in various contexts. it also concludes that the semantics of the subtitles also is closely connected to the semantics of the main title, leaving a concrete impression of their consistency, and harmony. However, the definite verbless sentence indicates steadiness, and the indefinite one the breadth and commonness of most of the titles of the Divan. The title is found to be a source of temptation for the recipient, urging him/her to interpret its connotations and revelations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is dedicated to the issue of translating film titles. The author examines the latest blockbusters as a material enabling not only an interesting class discussion on translation strategies, but also, or perhaps foremost, approach to titles as instruments for acquiring the knowledge of a language and culture. Film titles and methods of translating them from foreign languages are presented in the text as a class component that could help develop language competence in learners, i.e. a skill that is often overlooked in the traditional language education model, which focuses primarily on grammatical correctness and reconstruction of language patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article introduces the phenomenon of intentionality in media texts with a precedent phenomenon in the headline. The author studied the way intentionality develops, functions, and structures itself. Journalists often incorporate precedent phenomena into the media text to demonstrate their intention and creativity. However, the intentional nature of online texts is a major text-forming feature that makes the sender choose particular linguistic means to affect the addressee. The intentional potential of using precedents from different subject areas in media texts showed the following trends: the corpus of precedents expands, and precedent units redistribute themselves relative to the core and periphery.

Актуальность работы обусловливается ролью заголовка, имеющего несомненную ценность и определяющего структуру целого текста с трех основных ракурсов: семантического, формального и информативного. Заглавие придает единство тексту, где данный компонент занимает доминирующую позицию, что привлекает внимание читателя и создает бо́льшую восприимчивость текста. Цель – выявить общие и специфичные функции заголовков франкоязычных и русскоязычных беллетристических художественных произведений XIX в., а также структурные особенности и семантическую составляющую названий анализируемых произведений. Материалом исследования послужили тексты художественных произведений беллетристического жанра: «Парижские тайны» Э. Сю, «Петербургские трущобы» В. Крестовского и «Лондонские тайны» П. Феваля. Исследование проводилось с использованием комплексной методики, включающей следующие методы анализа: наблюдение, систематизация, структурный анализ, функциональный анализ, стилистический анализ. В данной статье рассматриваются и анализируются различные трактовки понятия «заголовок» отечественными и зарубежными учеными; определяется роль заголовка в тексте художественного произведения в целом и в анализируемых романах трех авторов – Э. Сю, П. Феваля, В. Крестовского; выявляются основные функции заголовка; классифицируются виды заголовков относительно их структуры, семантики и стилистического наполнения; анализируются тексты заголовков, иллюстративная зона которых выявляет причины сходства не только заглавий самих произведений («Парижские тайны», «Лондонские тайны», «Петербургские тайны (трущобы)»), но и названий глав. Заглавие – это неотъемлемая часть любого текста. Заглавие позволяет читателю увидеть основную проблему, идею произведения. События, происходящие в мире, нередко находят свое отражение в художественных произведениях, состоящих из множества сюжетов, объединенных определенными темами или подзаголовками. Эти подзаголовки раскрывают ассоциативные, эмоциональные и оценочные компоненты значения, являясь своеобразным планом произведения, где задействованы время и место событий, внешность и характер персонажей, образы, формирующие картину всего произведения. Любой заголовок представляет собой закодированный текст, включающий в себя некую подсказку, о чем дальше пойдет речь. Заголовок является отражением исторического и социального развития общества и замысла автора. Идиостиль авторов передает образ и дух эпохи, национальные особенности и языковую моду. В текстах заголовков используется лексика с различной стилистической окраской, каламбуры, разложение фразеологических единиц и другие стилистические приемы.