Search

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the etiological distribution of primary and metastatic malignancies around the elbow and the effect of surgical and adjuvant treatments on clinical outcome., Patients and Methods: Between January 2006 and December 2020, medical records of a total of 33 patients with elbow neoplasm (15 males, 18 females; median age: 55 years; range, 39 to 71 years) who underwent surgical treatment and with or without clinical treatment were retrospectively analyzed. The outcomes and frequencies of the elbow metastatic and primary malignancies were evaluated. Data were collected from patients' medical and radiological documents, and a dedicated archive was created for this study., Results: Most tumors occurred on the right side and were intra-articular or distal to the humerus. A total of 75.8% (25/33) of the patients had tumors of any diameter ≥5 cm. Most patients were treated with extensive resection. A total of 81.8% (27/33) of the patients had wide resected tumor margins, and 18.2% (6/33) had intralesional tumor margins. The median follow-up was 42 (range, 1 to 83) months. Synovial sarcoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors were the most common soft tissue sarcomas, and pulmonary adenoma and multiple myeloma were found in metastatic lesions., Conclusion: Elbow surgery is particularly challenging due to the interrelationship of major neurovascular structures. Synovial sarcoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are the most common soft tissue sarcomas, and pulmonary adenoma and multiple myeloma are found in metastatic lesions. Limb-sparing surgery is the gold-standard method recently.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-tomonocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs)., Patients and Methods: Between February 2001 and August 2019, a total of 86 patients (44 males, 42 females; mean age: 21.5±15.2 years; range, 2 to 73 years) with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of ABCs who did not receive cancer treatment previously and had a minimum follow-up period of 24 months were retrospectively analyzed. Data including age, sex, side, tumor location, pre-treatment complete blood count analysis results, preferred surgical method, follow-up period, presence of recurrence, and date of recurrence were recorded. Preoperative NLR, LMR and PLR values were calculated in all patients., Results: The mean follow-up was 56.7±13.5 (range, 24 to 179) months. Forty-one (47.7%) ABCs were located in the lower extremities, 36 (41.8%) in the upper extremities, and nine (10.4%) in the pelvic girdle. A statistically significant difference was detected in the NLR values according to recurrence status (p=0.023). The PLR and LMR values were not significant for area under the curve, while NLR values were significant for recurrence. The cut-off value was determined as 2.054. Those with an NLR of ≥2.054 were found to have a 4.561-fold higher risk of recurrence than those with an NLR of <2.054 (odds ratio [OR]=4.561)., Conclusion: Our study results suggest that NLR, which is the pre-treatment inflammatory index, is a prognostic factor in patients with ABCs. Although NLR alone is not decisive in patients with elevated NLR, it can be used to evaluate the clinical prognosis and recommend an appropriate treatment strategy.

Background There are ongoing doubts about the effects of the commonly used anterolateral approach (ALA) and posterolateral approach (PLA) for bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA) on hip muscle strength after surgery. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the isokinetic performance of the operated and non-operated hips in patients with femoral neck fractures who underwent BHA with PLA or ALA and to compare the isokinetic performance of the hips and functional results between the two approaches. Materials and methods Forty-one patients who underwent unilateral BHA with PLA or ALA for femoral neck fracture between February 2019 and December 2020 were enrolled. The isokinetic performance of the flexor, extensor, and abductor muscles of the operated and non-operated hips were evaluated by measuring peak torque, total work, and average power. Functional status was assessed using Harris Hip Score and Short Form 36. Results The patients were divided into two groups; those operated with PLA (n=22) and with ALA (n=19). The groups had similar demographic and clinical characteristics. All isokinetic parameters of the operated hips did not differ between the groups (all p>0.05). In both groups, all isokinetic parameters were significantly lower in the operated hips than in the non-operated hips. Conclusion Although there are debates about potential extensor muscle injury with PLA and potential abductor muscle injury with ALA, this study showed that functional results and the isokinetic performance of both approaches were not different., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Korkmaz et al.)

Objectives To identify postoperative residual symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and to investigate the effectiveness of gabapentin in the treatment of residual symptoms. Materials and methods Of a total of 412 patients who underwent surgery for CTS in four centers over a four-year period, 14 who had residual symptoms after CTS release and did not receive gabapentin (Group A) and 14 patients with postoperative residual symptoms and received gabapentin were included in this retrospective study. Postoperative residual symptoms were defined as persistent nocturnal numbness and tingling with or without occasional daytime pain. Tinel's and Phalen's tests were performed for the diagnosis of residual symptoms. Functional Severity Score (FSS), Symptom Severity Score (SSS), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were used to evaluate functional outcomes, severity of symptoms, and numbness and sleep quality, respectively at six and 12 weeks postoperatively. Level of Evidence: III, therapeutic study Results There was no statistically significant difference in the mean postoperative FSS (p=0.845) and VAS-numbness scores (p=0.367) between the groups. However, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean postoperative SSS (p=0.025) and VAS-sleep quality scores (p<0.001) between the groups. Conclusion Gabapentin treatment can be a treatment of choice for residual symptoms after CTS surgery and clinical improvement can be achieved owing to its relieving effect, particularly in nocturnal symptoms of patients having neuropathic pain., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2021, Aydin et al.)

Purpose: In our study, we aimed to show the efficiency of diffusion-weighted images at different b -values and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in the differentiation of recurrent tumours from post-treatment tissue changes., Material and Methods: The conventional and diffusion magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of 42 patients operated for soft tissue sarcomas between June 2012 and March 2015 followed up with MRIs that were evaluated by 2 radiologists retrospectively. Diffusion MRIs were acquired at 4 different b -values (50, 400, 800, 1000 s/mm 2 ). The lesions were classified according to conventional MRI findings as post-treatment changes and recurrent tumours., Results: When the patient group with recurrent tumours was compared with the patient group with postoperative changes the ADC calculations were statistically significantly lower for the recurrent tumours at all b -levels ( p < 0.001 for all b -levels). The sensitivity of b -50 values lower than 3.01 × 10 3 mm 2 /s in showing recurrent tumours was 100% and the specificity was 77.78%. The sensitivity of b -400 values lower than 2.1 × 10 3 mm 2 /s in showing recurrent tumours was 80% and the specificity was 96.3%. The sensitivity of b -800 values lower than 2.26 × 10 3 mm 2 /s in showing recurrent tumours was 100% and the specificity was 88.89%. The sensitivity of b -1000 values lower than 2 × 10 3 mm 2 /s in showing recurrent tumours was 93.3% and the specificity was 92.5%., Conclusions: The ADC values obtained from diffusion-weighted images have high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating recurring soft tissue sarcomas during monitoring after treatment from postoperative changes., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflict of interest., (© Pol J Radiol 2021.)

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic role of mean platelet volume (MPV) and MPV/platelet (PLT) ratio in the most common soft tissue sarcomas., Patients and Methods: We retrospectively investigated 131 patients (76 males, 55 females; mean age: 51.8±17.1; range, 18 to 87 years) with soft-tissue sarcomas between January 2011 and January 2019. Demographic features, MPV, PLT counts, mortality, and recurrence records of the patients were obtained from archives. A total of 165 healthy volunteers (101 males, 64 females; mean age 52.9±4.1; range, 18 to 60 years) who applied to the outpatient clinic in 2019 and had routine blood control without any additional disease formed the control group., Results: A total of 55 patients were diagnosed with liposarcoma and 76 with pleomorphic sarcoma. Of the tumors, 77.1% were located in the lower limbs. Lesions were mostly localized on the thigh 48.8% (n=64). Recurrence occurred in 28.2% of the patients. A total of 25 (19.1%) patients were exitus. The mean follow-up period of the patients was 34.4±19.1 (range, 9 to 112) months. The mean PLT value of the patient group was significantly higher than the control group. The median MPV and MPV/PLT ratio were statistically significantly lower in the patient group than in the control group. The MPV and MPV/PLT ratio were not associated with mortality and recurrence., Conclusion: As a result, MPV and MPV/PLT ratio can be used as a diagnostic support parameter in soft tissue sarcomas, but have no prognostic value.

Objectives: This study aims to define the simultaneous prophylactic fixation indications of benign tumors and tumor-like lesions located in long bones that were treated by curettage and grafting/cementing., Patients and Methods: Fifty-six patients (33 males, 23 females; mean age 30.9±15.9; range, 15 to 65 years) who were treated by curettage and grafting or cementation for their benign tumors or tumor-like lesions in long bones between January 2013 and June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Age, sex, anamnesis and physical examination findings, histopathologic diagnosis, lesion localization, pre- and postoperative imaging results and follow-up data were all analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups as those with and without postoperative fracture., Results: The most common localization was femur (38%). The mean tumor diameter was 6.8±2.2 (range, 2.6 to 12.6) cm and volume was 58.3±45.0 (range, 6 to 177) cm³. Postoperative fracture occurred in 14 patients. The lesion diameter and volume of the patients in postoperative fracture group were significantly higher compared to group without postoperative fracture (p=0.034 and p=0.004, respectively). A volume value greater than 67 cm³ and ages over 35 years were found to be associated with a higher rate of fracture for all lesions., Conclusion: In the postoperative period, patients with benign tumors or tumor-like lesions of long bones had a higher fracture risk if the volume value was greater than 67 cm³ and the age was over 35 years. Prophylactic fixation may be suggested for these patients.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk of thromboembolic events and amount of postoperative blood loss and transfusion in patients who received preoperative tranexamic acid (TXA) administration in proximal femoral resection and endoprosthesis of proximal femur malignant lesion., Methods: In this study, the data of 46 patients who underwent extensive resection and proximal femoral tumor prosthesis for proximal femoral bone malignancies were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups according to preoperative 15 mg/kg bolus intravenous administration of TXA. These patients were compared in terms of postoperative blood loss, postoperative bleeding, and transfusion requirements., Results: There were 46 patients (18 female, 28 male) with a mean age of 60.7±14.7 (19-89) years. Fifteen patients (32.6%) were treated with iv TXA. In the TXA group (46.7%), there was a statistically significant decrease in the need for transfusion compared to the patient group (93.5%) without TXA (p=0.001). Postoperative 24th hour, 48th hour,and total drainage blood loss values were found to be significantly lower in the TXA group (p=0.047, p=0.015, and p=0.019, respectively). There was no thromboembolic event observed., Conclusion: Because of proximal femoral malignancy, extensive tumor resection and preoperative bolus 15 mg/kg TXA administration in proximal femoral prosthesis surgery significantly decreased the amount of postoperative bleeding and transfusion requirement without increasing the risk of thromboembolic event., Level of Evidence: Level III - retrospective comparative study., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2020, Atalay et al.)

Background: Large resection and reconstruction of the malignant tumors of the shoulder girdle are used to provide maximum protection of the soft tissues with sufficient surgical margin. However, these have their own difficulties. The goals of this study were to review demographic data of 187 patients diagnosed with the malignant tumors located around shoulder between 2001 and 2016 in our clinic, to evaluate the functional outcomes and surgical outcomes, and to classify the resection methods according to new classification systems., Methods: There were 187 patients (108 male and 79 female) and the mean age at surgery was 47.9 (range 2-87). Fifty-one of these patients underwent biopsy only: 8 partial/total claviculectomy, 10 partial/total scapulectomy, 80 proximal humeral resection, 5 total humeral resection, 6 shoulder girdle resection, and 13 amputations. Eighty-six had prosthetic implants, five had fibula transpositions, and one had a massive homologous bone graft. Seventy-one of the 136 patients were followed for an average of 40.3 months., Results: When the bone resections were evaluated, the best results were obtained while the rotator cuff function is preserved in glenoid preserving partial scapulectomy, partial/total claviculectomy, and proximal humerus intercalary resection. In total, scapulectomy and proximal/total humeral resection operations' results were moderate because of partial or total injury of the abductor mechanism., Conclusions: As a result, malignant tumors of the shoulder girdle and soft tissue can be treated with limb-sparing surgery procedures. Reconstructive procedures and reconstructive methods such as prosthetic replacement, auto-allograft, and soft tissue reconstructions should be specified in each case. These resection and reconstruction methods are reliable and applicable procedures for local tumor control, pain control, and functional outcomes. More rarely, amputation/disarticulation can be performed.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound (US)-guided peripheral nerve blocks in postoperative analgesia after pediatric orthopedic tumor surgery., Patients and Methods: This retrospective study included 108 children (64 boys, 44 girls, mean age 10.23 years; range, 2 to 18 years) who were performed orthopedic tumor surgery under general anesthesia. The children were divided into two groups as those who were performed nerve block for postoperative pain control (group 1, n=54) and those who were performed intravenous analgesic (group 2, n=54). In group 1, nerve blocks were performed with bupivacaine 0.25%. In group 2, intraoperative acetaminophen 15 mg/kg was performed intravenously. Postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) scores, time to pain onset, nausea, vomiting, total analgesic consumption in 24 hours, and complications were recorded at first, second, sixth and 24th hours., Results: Visual analog scale scores were higher in group 2 than group 1 at first, second, and sixth hours, but were not different at 24th hour. Mean time to pain onset was 10.2 hours in group 1 and 1.8 hours in group 2 (p<0.05). Mean time to pain onset and VAS values at first, second, sixth and 24th hours did not differ between nerve block types. Nausea and vomiting rates were not different between groups 1 and 2 (18.51% and 16.66%, respectively; p=0.4). Total analgesic consumption in 24 hours was higher in group 2 compared to group 1 (1.7 and 0.07 mg/kg, respectively; p<0.05)., Conclusion: Pain-free periods extending up to 10 hours provided by US-guided peripheral nerve blocks may help recovery while reducing postoperative analgesic use and their side effects.

Acute pseudoseptic arthritis is a very rare complication that is associated with intra-articular hyaluronic acid injections, which normally involve minimal risk. The most common adverse events that are caused by hyaluronic acid injections are inflammatory reactions or flares at the injection site. In this study, we described three cases of acute pseudoseptic arthritis that was caused by hyaluronic acid; the symptoms in these cases were reminiscent of acute septic arthritis. Moreover, we performed a literature review on pseudoseptic arthritis following hyaluronic acid injections to determine the manner in which this condition can be described, diagnosed, and treated., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.

We present a 37-year-old patient with a chondroblastoma in his right acromion. The acromion is an unusual site for this type of tumor and the typical surgical treatment involves resection of the involved acromion bone. The patient was surgically treated with resection of the right acromion and autogenous iliac bone grafting. Twenty five months postoperatively, he demonstrated full shoulder function, without evidence of local recurrence or metastasis., (Copyright © 2016 Turkish Association of Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

In this article, we report a rarely localized sacral aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) successfully treated by curettage and bone grafting with fresh frozen fibular allograft (FFA) in a 14-year-old girl patient. The cyst was at S1-2 level and treated with aggressive curettage and bone grafting with two FFAs. All complaints of the patient resolved at the 24th month of treatment and bony union of the cystic cavity was observed radiologically. Curettage and FFA may be safely used for filling the cavity in the treatment of sacral ABC in pediatric age to provide a structural and biological reinforcement.

Chondromyxoid fibromas (CMF) are benign cartilaginous bone tumors which are found most frequently in the metaphyses of long bones. They comprise less than 1% of primary bone neoplasms. We report an interesting incidental case of a 43-year-old woman with a CMF of the left pubic ramus, presenting with complaints of gradual onset of left groin pain over a period of 2 years. According to radiological examination, a malign chondroid bone tumor was excluded, and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of CMF. The patient underwent aggressive curettage and bone grafting 6 years ago. Pelvic bones are encountered as rare localizations for CMFs. Pubic ramus is accepted as an exceptional site for this benign bone tumor of cartilaginous origin. To our knowledge, no any other CMF case in this localization has been reported in the literature. In atypical regions such as the pelvis and pubic ramus, CMF must be considered for differential diagnosis of malign tumors.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate whether tadalafil accelerates fracture healing with an efficiency equal to that of sildenafil., Materials and Methods: Fracture healing was studied using a rat closed femur fracture model. Forty-eight male Wistar albino rats (mean age 13 weeks; range 12 to 14 weeks) were divided into three groups: 16 received sildenafil (5 mg/kg/day per oral), 16 received tadalafil (1 mg/kg/day per oral), and 16 (control group) received saline daily. After two and five weeks, eight rats from each group were euthanized and bone healing was evaluated using radiographic, histologic, and histomorphometric analyses., Results: At second week, radiologic score of tadalafil group was higher than the sildenafil treated groups and the sildenafil and tadalafil groups both had higher radiographic scores than the control group, all groups had similar scores at fifth week. The sildenafil and tadalafil treated group exhibited smaller callus diameter at the second week comparing to control group but the difference was not statistically significant, while callus diameter was significantly smaller in tadalafil group when compared to the control group in fifth week. Compared with the control group, cartilage percentage of the callus was lower in the sildenafil group at two weeks and lower in both the tadalafil and sildenafil groups at five weeks. There were no differences between the tadalafil and sildenafil groups regarding the radiographic scores, callus size, cartilage and osseous callus percentage, and the qualitative bridging scores at second or fifth week., Conclusion: This study demonstrated that tadalafil accelerates fracture healing by enhancing osseous tissue formation similar to sildenafil.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate symptomatic bone metastases from urological malignancies and the efficacy of surgical treatment of bone metastases in achieving local tumor control., Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of patients diagnosed with bone metastases from urological malignancies who died from their diseases between 2002 and 2013. Data on clinicopathology, number and sites of bone metastasis, time to first and subsequent metastasis, survival after metastasis, nature of metastasis (blastic, mixed, lytic), type of surgical reconstruction, systemic affections, and visceral organ metastasis for 70 bone metastases from deceased urological malignancies patients (55 male, 15 female) with evidence of bone metastasis were statistically analyzed., Results: Forty-three patients (61.42%) had renal cell carcinoma (RCC), 15 patients (21.43%) had prostate cancer, and 12 patients (17.15%) had bladder carcinoma as primary diagnosis. Osteolytic lesions were most prevalent (n=61; 87%). The most common surgical modality for extremities was wide resection with prosthetic replacement (42 patients), followed by wide resection or wide resection with bone cement application with internal fixation (21 patients); 65 patients were treated with limb salvage procedures, and 2 patients were treated with amputation. Overall median survival was 13 months for RCC, 16 months for prostate carcinoma, and 11 months for bladder carcinoma patients., Conclusion: Detection of bone metastases in patients with urological malignancies influences the treatment strategy. Diagnosis of bone metastases may be delayed in urologic malignities; thus, these patients receive long-term clinical follow-up.

Objective: Simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with prolonged tourniquet time has the potential to trigger ischemia-reperfusion injury, which can adversely affect knee function. Studies suggest that the magnitude of injury is less if it occurs following an ischemic event which takes place in another part of the body, known as ischemic preconditioning (IPC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of oxidative stress on muscle injury and knee function and to elucidate if potential IPC effect can attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury metabolites and prevent poor functional outcomes in single-stage bilateral TKA., Methods: Thirty patients who underwent single-stage bilateral TKA under tourniquet were enrolled in the study. All procedures were initiated from the right limb. Upon completion of the procedure, the left tourniquet was inflated 20 minutes after the first tourniquet was deflated. The tourniquet time was noted. Pre- and postoperative levels of malondialdehyde (MDH), creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were evaluated. Knee function was assessed postoperatively at 1 month using WOMAC score., Results: Postoperative levels of MDH, CK, and LDH were significantly increased in both extremities compared to preoperative levels. Serum MDH, CK, and LDH levels were not found to be correlated with tourniquet time for either extremity. Compared to the left extremity, the right extremity revealed increased postoperative oxidative stress, which was indicated by elevated serum MDH, CK, and LDH levels. Although tourniquet time and postoperative serum MDH, CK, and LDH levels were not found to be correlated with WOMAC index in either knee, the average change in WOMAC score at 1 month postoperatively was found to be higher in the left knee compared to the right., Conclusion: The biochemical and functional outcomes can be attributed to potential IPC effect. During bilateral TKA, a 20-minute interval between tourniquets can create IPC effect and attenuate the magnitude of ischemia-reperfusion injury, preserving better functional outcomes.

Unlabelled: Patient: Female, 32., Final Diagnosis: Chondroblastoma., Symptoms: Pain., Medication: -., Clinical Procedure: -., Specialty: Oncology., Objective: Unusual clinical course., Background: 1% of all bone tumors are Chondroblastomas. Chondroblastomas, initially considered to be an osteoclastoma variant are benign, cartilaginous tumors which usually occur in the epiphysis of long bones, especially in the humerus, tibia, and femur, most common in children and young adults between the ages of 10 and 20 years. 4% of all chondroblastomas settle in the talus whereas cuneiform and other tarsal bones are very rare sites for the development of this benign chondroid lesion., Case Report: A case of chondroblastoma involving the medial cuneiform of the left foot of a 32 year old woman is described. The patient presented with moderate localized pain and tenderness over the medial aspect of her left foot. Radiographs showed a lytic expansile lesion within the right cuneiform bone indicating a bone tumor. Biopsy demonstrated cellular areas made up of round, polygonal cells, with round-oval nucleus and chondroblasts that appear with a thin calcification rim. Intralesional curettage and synthetic bone grafting with PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma) application was performed for its treatment. After 18 month follow up, osteointegration was observed with the defect completely filled and the patient was free of disease and pain., Conclusions: A painful, expansile, thin, sclerotic lesion detected at the cuneiform should arise suspicion for chondroblastoma even at age over 20 years. Meticulous curettage of the lesion from a small window with removal of the lesion followed by injectable phosphocalcic cement application with autologous PRP can be considered as a curative and technically simple treatment method.

Aim: Comparing the effectivity of prilocaine and prilocaine alkalinized with 8.4% NaHCO3 in terms of sensory and motor block onset and termination durations in RIVA technique considering patients' satisfaction and tolerance with application of tourniquet undergoing hand-wrist surgery., Materials and Methods: 64 patients were randomised into two groups. First group (Group P) was administered prilocaine and second group (Group PN) was administered prilocaine + %8.4 NaHCO3. Sensory and motor block onset and termination times and onset of tourniquet pain were recorded., Results: No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of onset and termination of sensory block and the onset of motor block. The duration of the motor block was longer in Group PN than in Group P (P < 0.05). Tourniquet pain was more intense in Group P (P = 0.036). In Group PN, the use of additional drugs was recorded at a lower rate and patients' satisfaction was higher than Group P., Conclusion: In the present study, it was established that alkalinization of prilocaine had no effect on the duration of sensory block and it prolonged the duration of motor block, increased patients' satisfaction, and decreased tourniquet pain. It is our suggestion that future studies should be carried out on the issue by using different volumes.

Background: The purpose of this study is to assess the clinical outcome of patients with ESFT of the bone treated with the European Intergroup Cooperative Ewings Sarcoma Study (EICESS)-92 treatment protocol at a single center, and to identify prognostic factors., Methods: Ninety-eight patients younger than 18 years of age, diagnosed with ESFT of the bone between 1992 and 2005, were analyzed retrospectively., Results: Eighty-seven patients were treated with the EICESS-92 protocol. The median follow-up was 105 +/- 38 months. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) survival rate was 40%, the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 47%. For non-metastatic disease, the rates of 5-year EFS and OS were 45% and 51%. These rates were 18% and 27%, for metastatic disease. The 5-year EFS and OS rates were 17% and 30%, respectively for females. For males, theses rates were 45% and 48%. Of 87 patients, 52 were admitted with primary extremity lesions. Distant metastasis was detected in 48% of patients with a metaphyseal tumor. In patients with diaphyseal lesions, it was 17%. The 5-year EFS and OS were 35% and 43%, respectively. In non-metastatic disease, these measures were 43% and 50%, whereas in metastatic disease, they were 20% and 27%. In patients with a lesion originating from metaphysis, the 5-year EFS was 17%, and the 5-year OS was 29%, for patients with a diaphyseal lesion, these values were 50% and 54%., Conclusion: The presence of metastasis was closely related with metaphyseal tumors. The localization of tumor in the bone (i.e., diaphyseal or metaphyseal) and gender of patients seem to have prognostic importance., (Copyright 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.)