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This paper focuses on an innovative end-of-use strategy: repurposing, defined as a manufacturing process through which products nearing their end-of-life are reused in different applications. We re...

International audience; Circular economy is an effective strategy to reduce globally the environmental impacts of our consumption society. However, the introduction of circular economy scenarios implies major changes in our consumption mode and in our industrial systems. Because of changes in the value chain, the new circular consumption and production scenarios imply new needs, new requirements and then characteristics for the production and organization of these circular offers. The aim of this paper is to present a characterization of the repurposing and upgrading strategies, in order to facilitate design activities related to new circular industrial scenarios. This paper presents the research approach used to characterise the upgrading and repurposing strategies and then the characteristics that have been established investigating academic and industrial projects using literature review and interviews.

Background With the advent of electronic health record (EHR) systems, there is increasing attention on the EHR system with regard to its use in facilitating patients to play active roles in their care via secure patient portals. However, there is no systematic review to comprehensively address patient portal interventions and patient outcomes. Objective This study aimed to synthesize evidence with regard to the characteristics and psychobehavioral and clinical outcomes of patient portal interventions. Methods In November 2018, we conducted searches in 3 electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and a total of 24 articles met the eligibility criteria. Results All but 3 studies were conducted in the United States. The types of study designs varied, and samples predominantly involved non-Hispanic white and highly educated patients with sizes ranging from 50 to 22,703. Most of the portal interventions used tailored alerts or educational resources tailored to the patient’s condition. Patient portal interventions lead to improvements in a wide range of psychobehavioral outcomes, such as health knowledge, self-efficacy, decision making, medication adherence, and preventive service use. Effects of patient portal interventions on clinical outcomes including blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, and weight loss were mixed. Conclusions Patient portal interventions were overall effective in improving a few psychological outcomes, medication adherence, and preventive service use. There was insufficient evidence to support the use of patient portals to improve clinical outcomes. Understanding the role of patient portals as an effective intervention strategy is an essential step to encourage patients to be actively engaged in their health care.

BACKGROUND With the advent of electronic health record (EHR) systems, there is increasing attention on the EHR system with regard to its use in facilitating patients to play active roles in their care via secure patient portals. However, there is no systematic review to comprehensively address patient portal interventions and patient outcomes. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to synthesize evidence with regard to the characteristics and psychobehavioral and clinical outcomes of patient portal interventions. METHODS In November 2018, we conducted searches in 3 electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and a total of 24 articles met the eligibility criteria. RESULTS All but 3 studies were conducted in the United States. The types of study designs varied, and samples predominantly involved non-Hispanic white and highly educated patients with sizes ranging from 50 to 22,703. Most of the portal interventions used tailored alerts or educational resources tailored to the patient’s condition. Patient portal interventions lead to improvements in a wide range of psychobehavioral outcomes, such as health knowledge, self-efficacy, decision making, medication adherence, and preventive service use. Effects of patient portal interventions on clinical outcomes including blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, and weight loss were mixed. CONCLUSIONS Patient portal interventions were overall effective in improving a few psychological outcomes, medication adherence, and preventive service use. There was insufficient evidence to support the use of patient portals to improve clinical outcomes. Understanding the role of patient portals as an effective intervention strategy is an essential step to encourage patients to be actively engaged in their health care.

International audience; The increasing presence of telecommunication offerings on the market poses the question of material and energy consumption. One way to reduce these impacts would be to shift their business model to Product-Service Systems (PSS). To study this prospective, the paper focuses on three telecom offerings provided by a French telecom carrier and analyses how close they are to PSS. The first is a classical telecom business offering dedicated to small and medium sized enterprises. The second is dedicated to the school market, providing a dematerialized solution to help the different actors to interact and share information. The third concerns retirement homes and medical establishments. It helps the medical staff to improve the safety of disabled persons. Evaluation of the cases highlights the key parameters that guide transition to PSS. The paper shows how the method can be used to understand each offer individually and also to establish priorities between the offers for introducing PSS.

National audience; Les batteries contribuent de manière forte aux impacts environnementaux globaux du système véhicule électrique. Sur le plan environnemental, leur gestion en fin de vie apparait comme un élément important de la chaine globale. La réduction des impacts environnementaux peut passer par la prolongation de la du-rée de vie de ces batteries en les réutilisant dans d'autres applications : on parle ici de repurposing. Il est dès lors nécessaire de penser, dès les phases amont de conception, l'ensemble du cycle de vie et notamment chacun des deux usages successifs ainsi que les phases de re-fabrication intermédiaires. Pour définir les paramètres de conception qui viennent en appui à des batteries repurposées, des experts batteries ont été interrogés. Pour ce faire, une grille d'entretien a été développée. Le but visé est l'identification des paramètres clefs en conception, que ce soit en termes de produits, de processus de fabrication ou de modèle d'affaires envisagé. Les premiers résultats font remonter des problématiques liées aux aspects de sécurité des batteries , aux profils des sollicitations et de densité d'énergie.

International audience; Sustainable manufacturing is a rising issue. Ensuring both consumer satisfaction and minimal environmental impact is very challenging. In that whole process, it is customary to say that the design stage determines 80 % of the future environmental impact. One way to contain this impact at an acceptable level is to manage the products' end-of-life from the design activities. This chapter points out product reuse strategies—i.e. direct reuse and remanufacturing—aiming at conserving the added-value of used products as much as possible into new products. The first contribution attempts to provide a state-of-the-art of design for these high added-value end-of-life strategies. Direct reuse and remanufacturing are thus analysed and the principal design guidelines are furthermore given, classified according to three dimensions: product, process and business model. This chapter then contributes to enlarging the spectrum of reuse strategies, presenting an innovative end-of-life strategy: repurposing. It consists of reusing products in other applications after transformations. The main challenges of such a strategy will be discussed.

International audience; End-of-Life (EoL) strategies, and especially products' lifespan extension, are becoming key issues for more and more manufacturers. Their implementations have to be done from the design stage and may be facilitated with design methodologies and guidelines. However, if a function of the system is no longer efficient enough during its use phase, in such a way that remanufacturing and upgrading may not be considered, the system has reached its final EoL, even if it might have been used for other applications. To address such kind of situations, the present paper investigates the concept of Design-2-Life (D2L) systems. To do so, EoL strategies will be explored to understand the key issues. Then a clear explanation of D2L concept will be proposed as well as its main characteristics. Finally we will discuss the challenges of this new approach and the advantages to develop it under a PSS framework. The case of batteries used in electric cars will be used to illustrate the concept.

For the last fifteen years, research explored the hardware, software, sensing, communication abstractions, languages, and protocols that could make networks of small, embedded devices---motes---sample and report data for long periods of time unattended. Today, the application and technological landscapes have shifted, introducing new requirements and new capabilities. Hardware has evolved past 8 and 16 bit microcontrollers: there are now 32 bit processors with lower energy budgets and greater computing capability. New wireless link layers have emerged, creating protocols that support rapid and efficient setup and teardown but introduce novel limitations that systems must consider. The time has come to look beyond optimizing networks of motes. We look towards new technologies such as Bluetooth Low Energy, Cortex M processors, and capable energy harvesting, with new application spaces such as personal area networks, and new capabilities and requirements in security and privacy to inform contemporary hardware and software platforms. It is time for a new, open experimental platform in this post-mote era.

ABSTRACT Semisubmersibie based Floating Production systems (FPS) have been extensively used in offshore field developments worldwide. Most have been converted from existing drilling semisubmersibies. Faced with a rapidly dwindling inventory of existing platforms to convert, the industry near cost competitive new build units. this paper presents the principles and development of just such a platform. It will be demonstrated that this new build platform is cost and schedule competitive with a conversion for a deepwater Gulf of Mexico development. INTRODUCTION Monohull or semisubmersible based FPSS converted from existing vessels, featuring low capital mat and cycle times to first oil, permit operators to economically develop small to medium sized fields in deepwater or remote regions [1,2]. Historically, field developments employing floating production systems were focused mainly in Brazil, West Africa the Far East and Australia. More recently, Operators in the U.K. and Norwegian sectors of the North Sea and Atlantic Frontier have accelerated the use of floating production systems to exploit their more remote, deepwater or marginal fields. This increase has been fueled by the growing confident and coat reductions in subsea and riser systems [3]. A case point is the development of the Njord field in the Norwegian North Sea by Norsk Hydro in about 1000 ft. of water by subsea tiebacks to a 45,000 tonne newbuild floating drilling production unit the Aker P45[4]. Semisubmersible based production or drilling and production units, in combination with subsea wells, have been used worldwide to commercially develop small to medium fields (50 to 100 million barrel reserves) in a wide range of water depth and environments [5]. With the exception of 3 newbuild units, most have been converted from second or third generation semisubmersible Mobile Offshore Drilling Units (MODUS) The availability of suitable candidates for conversion was never a problem, until recently. The soaring demand for deepwater exploratory and appraisal drilling has depleted the pool of candidate rigs for conversion and also raised acquisition prices. There is a perception that a newbuild unit will cost a lot more and will have a significantly greater cycle time to first oil than a conversion. It is the intent of this paper to clearly demonstrate that a newbuild production semisubmersible, adapted from and employing the principles embodied in the Aker P-45 floating production unit can be eonunereially competitive with a converted semisubmersible FPS for a deepwater GOM application. DESIGN APPROACH Figure 1 illustrates the fimdarnental departure from the traditional approach to building semisubmersibles, that will achieve the design objectives of low cost and accelerated schedule for a newbuild FPS.

International audience; The global telecommunication network provides a powerful infrastructure supporting a multitude of offerings. As early as the 1980’s the telecom industry had moved to services using telecom products that could be provided within the offers (a gateway included in the offer) or by the customers themselves (a computer to access the web). However, although modern telecommunication systems are often considered as good support for Product Service Systems (PSS), telecom carriers hardly refer to PSS when establishing their own offers. Indeed it is not always easy to understand how modern telecom services, using personal mobile phones and other objects, really fit with PSS philosophy. This paper evaluates telecom offerings from a PSS standpoint. Current telecom offerings are compared with PSS characteristics found in literature. The results clarify the potentials of current telecom offerings in the PSS paradigm.