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The study aimed to assess the effects of including linseeds or hempseeds in the diets of late lactation Murciano-Granadina dairy goats on the nutritional quality of the milk and cheese fat, expressed by the fatty acids profile and the healthy lipid indices. Thirty-six goats were randomly distributed in 3 groups of 12 animals each, according to a 3 × 3 Latin square design, and fed three different diets: group CON (control, with sunflower meal, 11.5% DM basis); group LIN, where sunflower meal was replaced by linseed; and group HMP, where sunflower meal was replaced by hempseeds. The replacement had no effects on the milk yields and the milk protein content as no significant differences were detected among groups. The significant increase of the fat content in the case of the LIN and HMP groups was accompanied by significant decreases in saturated fatty acids concentration and very significant increases in monounsaturated fatty acids. The content of n3 and n6-PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids) increased, mainly due to a 4.1 times higher proportion of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA; C 18:3n-3) in LIN diet milk and a 1.3 times higher proportion of linoleic acid (LA; C 18:2n6c) in HMP diet milk. The conjugated linoleic acid (CLA; isomer c9, t11) was 1.9 times higher for the LIN diet and 5.05 times higher for the HMP diet. Feeding either linseed or hempseeds contributed to the reduction of the atherogenic and thrombogenic indices, increased the hypocholesterolemic: hypercholesterolemic ratio as well as the proportion of other desired fatty acids in the milk fat. The improved nutritional quality of milk, which has potentially far-reaching human health benefits, is maintained in cheese through the increase of the n3 and n6-PUFAs, especially for the LIN diet where the n6/n3 ratio decreased significantly, compared with the CON diet (3.62 vs. 6.88). The CLA concentration was significantly higher (p < 0.001) for the HMP cheese compared with the CON diet (1.89% vs. 0.78%). These effects highlight the opportunity of obtaining dairy products with improved nutritional quality using local feed resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to evaluate the impact of 25% proso millet on growth performance, plasma protein profile, and nitrogen balance and to predict the releases of some greenhouse gas emissions (GES) from enteric fermentation and in the growing pig manure. During 21 days, two groups of 10 castrated male Topigs pigs with the same weight (30.48 ± 0.26 kg) and age (81 ± 3d) were fed: control (corn-triticale-soybean meal, C) or experimental (corn-proso milletsoybean meal, E). The animals were kept in metabolic cages. The GES calculation model was based on the IPCC (2016) approach, incorporating experimental parameters and prediction equations. During the analyzed period, the dietary treatment, increased (P<0.05) the growth parameters while the plasma protein profile was not significantly affected. In the E group, total nitrogen excretion (4.3%, P<0.05), and nitrogen digestibility (6.1%, P<0.05) increased while enteric CH4, g Eq.CO2 decreased (14.8%, P<0.05) vs. the C group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hempseed is a low-cost ingredient rich in n-3 fatty acids (FA). This study aimed to assess the FA concentration in different pig tissuesin combination with the performance as effect of the dietary addition of hempseed. Twenty hybrid Topigs (38.64 kg) were assigned to a 30d trial into 2 groups: C group received a basal diet and HS group received the same basal diet with 5% hempseed Jubileu variety. The FA were determined by gas chromatography. The n-3 rich diet altered highly significantly PUFA concentration in Longissimus dorsi, liver, heart and brain, especially n-3 PUFA (P<0.0001) without modifying significantly the performances. The brain and liver had registered the highest concentration of long chain FA in the HS diet (5.26% in liver, 5.04% in brain compared to 1.61% in heart). Long-chain FA were not identified in the Longissimus dorsi, whatever the diet. By addition of hempseed the C18:3n3 was increased significantly in all tissues except the brain. As the PUFA increased the peroxidability index also increased, especially in the liver and brain. We can conclude that the hempseed has a valuable nutritive potential, especially in n-3 PUFA, which led to a positive alteration of beneficial FAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND The effect of a diet containing 15% grape pomace ( GP) on the general health status and milk quality of dairy cows was assessed by plasma biochemistry and total polyphenol ( TP) content, milk polyphenols, milk composition and milk protein fractions. RESULTS Among the polyphenols measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy in GP, in feed containing GP ( GP+) or not containing GP ( GP-), gallic acid and epicatechin were present in the highest concentrations (67.58 and 19.23 µg mL−1, respectively). Higher amounts of TP were also detected in the blood plasma of GP+ cows (114.06 and 83.93 mg GAE L−1, respectively) but not in their milk (233.17 and 245.75 mg GAE L−1, respectively). Also a significant increase was found for lactose and β-lactoglobulin, although there was no effect on α-lactalbumin, albumin, secretory components and caseins. CONCLUSION Inclusion of 15% GP in the diets of dairy cows is beneficial for overall normal blood constituent metabolism and helps to maintain cow health. The milk of cows fed with a GP diet preserves the normal levels of fat, protein and caseins, and has increased levels of components that make this milk a versatile ingredient material for the food industry (e.g. model whey powders, stability of lactose-rich powders). © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]