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Background: Oral cancer, including malignancies of the lip, and oral cavity, is associated with significant psychological distress, increasing the risk of suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SA). Despite its severe morbidity and mortality, the prevalence of SI and SA and their associated risk factors remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the prevalence of SI and SA among oral cancer patients and identify key psychosocial risk factors. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases, with an initial search on August 13, 2024, and an update on December 19, 2024. Observational studies reporting SI and SA prevalence in oral cancer patients were included. Study quality was assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and statistical analyses were performed using R version 4.4. Pooled prevalence rates were calculated using a random-effects model, heterogeneity was assessed with I² statistics, sensitivity analysis was performed using a leave-one-out approach, and publication bias was evaluated using Doi plots and LFK index values. Results: From 5,145 articles, 13 studies from Taiwan, South Korea, Canada, Germany, and the United States, involving 899,765 participants, were included. The pooled prevalence of SI was 13.08% (95% CI, 7.41–22.03) with moderate heterogeneity (I² = 65%), while SA prevalence was 0.32% (95% CI, 0.1–0.7) with high heterogeneity (I² = 99%). Key risk factors included depression (OR = 42.83), dysphoria (OR = 8.06), prior cancer history (OR = 4.53), rural residence, and male gender. Conclusion: This review revealed a substantial psychological impact faced by oral cancer patients, with notable prevalence rates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Identifying major risk factors, such as depression and dysphoria, underscores the need for integrating tailored mental health interventions into routine oncological care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary source of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), now recognized as critical mediators of host health, particularly in the context of neurobiology and cancer development, is the gut microbiota's fermentation of dietary fibers. Recent research highlights the complex influence of SCFAs, such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, on brain cancer progression. These SCFAs impact immune modulation and the tumor microenvironment, particularly in brain tumors like glioma. They play a critical role in regulating cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell differentiation, and inflammation. Moreover, studies have linked SCFAs to maintaining the integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), suggesting a protective role in preventing tumor infiltration and enhancing anti-tumor immunity. As our understanding of the gut-brain axis deepens, it becomes increasingly important to investigate SCFAs' therapeutic potential in brain cancer management. Looking into how SCFAs affect brain tumor cells and the environment around them could lead to new ways to prevent and treat these diseases, which could lead to better outcomes for people who are dealing with these challenging cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, has re‐emerged as a significant global health concern, particularly during the widespread outbreak of 2022. As an orthopoxvirus related to the eradicated smallpox virus, mpox has been primarily managed with smallpox vaccines and treatments, including the antiviral agent Tecovirimat. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tecovirimat in treating mpox, focusing on its use during the 2022 outbreak, especially among high‐risk populations, including men who have sex with men and people living with HIV. We conducted a comprehensive search across databases, such as Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science, up to August 30, 2024. The selection involved a two‐stage review process utilizing the Nested Knowledge platform, which helped streamline the screening and data extraction. We included studies that focused on the clinical efficacy and safety of Tecovirimat in human patients with confirmed mpox infections. Our analysis mainly synthesized data narratively due to the heterogeneity of study designs and outcomes. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria, providing data on 1031 mpox cases. The preliminary analysis of the PALM 007 RCT indicated that tecovirimat did not significantly outperform placebo in lesion resolution for all patients. Lesions healed faster than expected, regardless of tecovirimat or placebo treatment. A lower mortality rate of 1.7% among those enrolled in the PALM 007 RCT was observed, compared to the general mpox mortality rate of 3.6% or higher in the DRC. Observational studies revealed that early administration of Tecovirimat, especially within the first week of symptom onset, significantly improves symptom resolution, reduces the severity of the disease, and decreases the likelihood of hospitalization and complications in observational studies. However, the impact on viral clearance was inconsistent, and some studies suggested limited efficacy in severely immunocompromised patients. Regarding safety, Tecovirimat was generally well‐tolerated as indicated by the RCT; however, mild adverse effects such as fatigue, headache, and nausea were commonly reported among observational studies. Serious adverse events were rare but included elevated liver enzymes and psychiatric symptoms, particularly in patients with pre‐existing conditions. Tecovirimat demonstrates some potential benefits in treating mpox, particularly when administered early. The PALM 007 RCT failed to meet the efficacy point. Tecovirimat is generally well‐tolerated with a favorable safety profile, although monitoring is advisable for those with existing liver or renal conditions. Despite promising results, further large‐scale randomized controlled trials are needed to fully ascertain the drug's effectiveness across diverse populations and to explore its impact on viral clearance and transmission dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is a devastating clinical condition because of its potential for causing permanent damage and even death of the fetus. Perinatal asphyxia is a common neonatal problem and adds significantly to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Aims and objective: To evaluate electrolyte status, plasma glucose, renal functions and ABG in asphyxiated neonates and to assess the relationship between their values and the severity of HIE. Methods: The study was a prospective study conducted on 125 asphyxiated and 125 non-asphyxiated term neonates recruited fromDepartment of Paediatrics and maternal wards of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of a tertiary care teaching hospital located 50 kilometres from Jaipur city amidst rural environment from 1st January 2016 - 31st July 2017. Results: Among the 125 neonates in case group, there were 68 (54.4%) males and 57 (45.6%) females. Among the asphyxiated neonates serum sodium levels were significantly lower and hyponatremia had a linear correlation with the severity of birth asphyxia and different stages of HIE. Blood urea and serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in asphyxiated neonates and had a linear correlation between severity of asphyxia and different stages of HIE. pH levels were significantly lower in asphyxiated neonates and had inversely linear correlation between severity of asphyxia and different stages of HIE. Conclusion: The umbilical cord arterial values of serum sodium, urea, creatinine and pH were found to be a good, early, simple and reliable screening test for the early diagnosis and assessment of severity of perinatal asphyxia and their values correlated well with the severity of HIE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: IDA and chronic headache disorders such as migraines and tension-type headaches are common conditions that significantly affect quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between these two conditions. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore and quantify the association between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and chronic headache disorders, with a focus on understanding the bidirectional nature of this relationship. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science to identify relevant studies published up until August 10, 2024. Observational studies examining the prevalence, incidence, or association between IDA and chronic headache disorders were included. Data were extracted and assessed for quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model to calculate pooled prevalence rates and risk ratios (RRs), with heterogeneity assessed via the I 2 statistic and meta-regression. A sensitivity analysis was conducted using the leave-one-out approach, and publication bias was evaluated through a funnel plot. Results: The meta-analysis included 13 studies: five studies examined chronic headaches among patients with IDA, and eight studies examined IDA among patients with chronic headaches. The pooled prevalence of chronic headaches among patients with IDA was 38% (95% CI: 15%-69%). In addition, 20% (95% CI: 10%-35%) of patients with chronic headaches were found to have IDA. Anemic patients were found to have a 76% higher risk of developing chronic headaches compared to nonanemic individuals (RR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.22-2.52). Significant heterogeneity was observed across the studies. Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrates a significant association between IDA and chronic headache disorders, with a pooled prevalence of 38% for chronic headaches in IDA patients and 20% for IDA in chronic headache patients. IDA was associated with a 76% higher risk of chronic headaches. Routine screening for IDA in high-risk populations may improve headache outcomes, but further longitudinal studies are needed to establish causality and refine management strategies., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2025 Shivam Rohilla et al. Anemia published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background and Objective: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are widely used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity, providing metabolic and cardiovascular benefits. However, concerns have emerged about potential neuropsychiatric side effects, including suicidal ideation and behaviour, prompting investigations by regulatory bodies such as the FDA and EMA. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between GLP-1RA use and the risk of suicidal ideation or behaviour., Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science through September 2024, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Observational cohort and case-control studies reporting suicidal ideation or behaviour in adults using GLP-1RAs were included. The Modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessed risk of bias, and random-effect models calculated risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I 2 statistic., Results: Of 126 studies, 11 were included from multiple countries with diverse designs. The meta-analysis of four studies showed no statistically significant difference in suicidal outcomes between GLP-1RA users and users of other anti-hyperglycaemic drugs (RR: 0.568, 95% CI: 0.077-4.205). Substantial heterogeneity was observed (I 2  = 98%). Pharmacovigilance studies indicated no disproportionate increase in suicidality, while some observational studies suggested a lower risk., Conclusion: This review found no significant link between GLP-1RA use and increased suicidal ideation or behaviour. However, the high heterogeneity and reliance on pharmacovigilance data suggest caution. Clinicians should monitor patients, particularly those with psychiatric conditions, and further research is needed to assess long-term neuropsychiatric safety., (© 2025 The Author(s). Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The potential of biomaterials in medical sciences has attracted much interest, especially in promoting tissue regeneration and controlling immune responses. As the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, there was an increased interest in understanding more about how biomaterials could be employed to fight this dreaded disease, especially in the context of regenerative medicine. Out of the numerous regenerative medicine possibilities, stem cells and scaffolding (grafting) technology are two major areas in modern medicine and surgery. Mesenchymal stem cells are useful in tissue repair, tailored therapy and the treatment of COVID-19. Using biomaterials in COVID-19 treatment is intricate and needs multidisciplinary and cross-disciplinary research. Cell-based therapy and organ transplants pose immunological rejection challenges. Immunomodulation enhanced, tumorigenicity decreased, inflammation addressed and tissue damage restricted; bioengineered stem cells need clinical insights and validation. Advanced stem cell-based therapies should ideally be effective, safe and scalable. Cost and scalability shall dictate the dawn of techno-economically feasible regenerative medicine. A globally standard and uniform approval process could accelerate translational regenerative medicine. Researchers, patient advocacy organisations, regulators and biopharmaceutical stakeholders need to join hands for easy navigation of regulatory measures and expeditious market entry of regenerative medicine. This article summarises advances in biomaterials for regenerative medicine and their possible therapeutic benefits in managing infectious diseases like COVID-19. It highlights the significant recent developments in biomaterial design, scaffold construction, and stem cell-based therapies to treat tissue damage and COVID-19-linked immunological dysregulation. It also highlights the potential contribution of biomaterials towards creating novel treatment strategies to manage COVID-19., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)