Author: "Tomohiro Yamazaki" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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234 results on '"Tomohiro Yamazaki"'

1. Structural differences between the closely related RNA helicases, UAP56 and URH49, fashion distinct functional apo-complexes

Author: Ken-ichi Fujita, Misa Ito, Midori Irie, Kotaro Harada, Naoko Fujiwara, Yuya Ikeda, Hanae Yoshioka, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Masaki Kojima, Bunzo Mikami, Akila Mayeda, and Seiji Masuda
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Abstract mRNA export is an essential pathway for the regulation of gene expression. In humans, closely related RNA helicases, UAP56 and URH49, shape selective mRNA export pathways through the formation of distinct complexes, known as apo-TREX and apo-AREX complexes, and their subsequent remodeling into similar ATP-bound complexes. Therefore, defining the unidentified components of the apo-AREX complex and elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of distinct apo-complexes is key to understanding their functional divergence. In this study, we identify additional apo-AREX components physically and functionally associated with URH49. Furthermore, by comparing the structures of UAP56 and URH49 and performing an integrated analysis of their chimeric mutants, we exhibit unique structural features that would contribute to the formation of their respective complexes. This study provides insights into the specific structural and functional diversification of these two helicases that diverged from the common ancestral gene Sub2.
Published: 2024
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2. Nascent ribosomal RNA act as surfactant that suppresses growth of fibrillar centers in nucleolus

Author: Tetsuya Yamamoto, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Kensuke Ninomiya, and Tetsuro Hirose
Subjects: Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Abstract Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has been thought to be the biophysical principle governing the assembly of the multiphase structures of nucleoli, the site of ribosomal biogenesis. Condensates assembled through LLPS increase their sizes to minimize the surface energy as far as their components are available. However, multiple microphases, fibrillar centers (FCs), dispersed in a nucleolus are stable and their sizes do not grow unless the transcription of pre-ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) is inhibited. To understand the mechanism of the suppression of the FC growth, we here construct a minimal theoretical model by taking into account nascent pre-rRNAs tethered to FC surfaces by RNA polymerase I. The prediction of this theory was supported by our experiments that quantitatively measure the dependence of the size of FCs on the transcription level. This work sheds light on the role of nascent RNAs in controlling the size of nuclear bodies.
Published: 2023
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3. Low‐dose gemcitabine plus nab‐paclitaxel versus standard‐dose gemcitabine plus nab‐paclitaxel in elderly patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer: A randomized Phase II trial

Author: Ken Kamata, Hajime Imai, Hisakazu Matsumoto, Yukitaka Yamashita, Takao Kato, Katsuhisa Nishi, Shunsuke Omoto, Kosuke Minaga, Kentaro Yamao, Tomoko Hyodo, Sung‐Woon Im, Akane Hara, Tomoe Yoshikawa, Rei Ishikawa, Ayana Okamoto, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Atsushi Nakai, Kazuomi Ueshima, Yasutaka Chiba, Mamoru Takenaka, Tomohiro Watanabe, Masayuki Kitano, and Masatoshi Kudo
Subjects: chemotherapy, elderly, gemcitabine, nab‐paclitaxel, pancreatic cancer, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract: Abstract Background and Aim A multicenter, open‐label randomized Phase II trial was conducted to determine whether low‐dose gemcitabine plus nab‐paclitaxel (GnP) could improve tolerability and show equivalent efficacy to the standard‐dose GnP for elderly patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. Methods Consecutive patients aged ≥65 years with metastatic pancreatic cancer who presented at one of four Japanese referral centers between November 2016 and January 2021 were enrolled. The 60 patients were randomly assigned to low‐ or standard‐dose groups with a 1:1 ratio. Patients in the low‐dose GnP group received gemcitabine at a dose of 250 mg/m2 and nab‐paclitaxel at 125 mg/m2. Results Low‐dose GnP significantly decreased the rate of cases requiring dose reduction (16.7% vs 63.3%). The response rate (36.7% vs 33.3%) and progression‐free survival (7.3 vs 8 months) were comparable between the low‐ and standard‐dose groups as determined by independent review. The difference in the median overall survival between the two groups was not significant (7.9 vs 12 months). The proportion of patients with hematologic and non‐hematologic treatment‐related adverse events was comparable between the two groups. Conclusion Low‐dose GnP had an equivalent efficacy to conventional therapy; however, it did not reduce adverse events.
Published: 2023
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4. Bispectral index-guided propofol sedation during endoscopic ultrasonography

Author: Ayana Okamoto, Ken Kamata, Takeshi Miyata, Tomoe Yoshikawa, Rei Ishikawa, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Atsushi Nakai, Shunsuke Omoto, Kosuke Minaga, Kentaro Yamao, Mamoru Takenaka, Yasutaka Chiba, Toshiharu Sakurai, Naoshi Nishida, Masayuki Kitano, and Masatoshi Kudo
Subjects: consciousness monitors, intravenous anesthesia, endosonography, midazolam, propofol, Internal medicine, RC31-1245, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract: Background/Aims Bispectral index (BIS) monitors process and display electroencephalographic data are used to assess the depth of anesthesia. This study retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of BIS monitoring during endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). Methods This study included 725 consecutive patients who underwent EUS under sedation with propofol. BIS monitoring was used in 364 patients and was not used in 361. The following parameters were evaluated: (1) median dose of propofol; (2) respiratory and circulatory depression; (3) occurrence of body movements; (4) awakening score >8 at the time; and (5) awakening score 2 hours after leaving the endoscopy room. Results The BIS group received a significantly lower median dose of propofol than the non-BIS group (159.2 mg vs. 167.5 mg; p=0.015) in all age groups. For patients aged ≥75 years, the reduction in heart rate was significantly lower in the BIS group than in the non-BIS group (1.2% vs. 9.1%; p=0.023). Moreover, the occurrence of body movements was markedly lower in the BIS group than in the non-BIS group (8.5% vs. 39.4%; p
Published: 2022
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5. Massive-mode polarization entangled biphoton frequency comb

Author: Tomohiro Yamazaki, Rikizo Ikuta, Toshiki Kobayashi, Shigehito Miki, Fumihiro China, Hirotaka Terai, Nobuyuki Imoto, and Takashi Yamamoto
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract A frequency-multiplexed entangled photon pair and a high-dimensional hyperentangled photon pair are useful to realize a high-capacity quantum communication. A biphoton frequency comb (BFC) with entanglement can be used to prepare both states. We demonstrate polarization entangled BFCs with over 1400 frequency modes, which is approximately two orders of magnitude larger than those of earlier entangled BFCs, by placing a singly resonant periodically poled LiNbO3 waveguide resonator within a Sagnac loop. The BFCs are demonstrated by measuring the joint spectral intensity, cross-correlation, and autocorrelation. Moreover, the polarization entanglement at representative groups of frequency modes is verified by quantum state tomography, where each fidelity is over 0.7. The efficient generation of a massive-mode entangled BFC is expected to accelerate the increase of capacity in quantum communication.
Published: 2022
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6. Editorial: The why of RNA granules: Form, function, and regulation

Author: Tomohiro Yamazaki, Timothy E. Audas, and Natalie G. Farny
Subjects: RNA granules, biomolecular condensate, micellization, nuclear condensate, membraneless organelles (MLOs), liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Published: 2022
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7. Caffeine suppresses high-fat diet-induced body weight gain in mice depending on feeding timing

Author: Atsushi Haraguchi, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Conn Ryan, Kaede Ito, Shuhei Sato, Konomi Tamura, Masataka Sekiguchi, Siyuan Cao, and Shigenobu Shibata
Subjects: Anti-obesity effect, Caffeine, Chrono-nutrition, Circadian clock system, Lipogenesis, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract: The time-dependent effects of caffeine intake on physiological functions remain to be investigated, although various effects of caffeine on physiological functions have been document. Therefore, the present study investigated the optimal timing of caffeine intake to produce an efficient anti-obesity effect. We prepared a high-fat diet (HFD) or HFD supplemented with 0.03% caffeine (HFD-caf) and regulated twice-daily 8-hour time-restricted feeding. Male Institute of Cancer Research mice were divided into three groups: group fed HFD alone (control), group fed HFD-caf at the beginning of the active period (BF-caf), and group fed HFD-caf at the end of the active period (DN-caf). The BF-caf group (42.8 ± 1.5 g) showed lower body weight than the other groups (control, 49.7 ± 2.1 g; DN-caf, 47.1 ± 1.3 g), although the three groups showed similar HFD intake levels. Therefore, caffeine intake at the beginning of the active period suppressed HFD-induced body weight gain.
Published: 2022
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8. Triblock copolymer micelle model of spherical paraspeckles

Author: Tetsuya Yamamoto, Tomohiro Yamazaki, and Tetsuro Hirose
Subjects: paraspeckle, NEAT1_2, architectural RNA, micellization, transcription, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Paraspeckles are nuclear bodies scaffolded by RNP complexes of NEAT1_2 RNA transcripts and multiple RNA-binding proteins. The assembly of paraspeckles is coupled with the transcription of NEAT1_2. Paraspeckles form the core-shell structure, where the two terminal regions of NEAT1_2 RNP complexes compose the shell of the paraspeckle and the middle regions of these complexes compose the core. We here construct a theoretical model of paraspeckles by taking into account the transcription of NEAT1_2 in an extension of the theory of block copolymer micelles. This theory predicts that the core-shell structure of a paraspeckle is assembled by the association of the middle region of NEAT1_2 RNP complexes due to the multivalent interactions between RBPs bound to these regions and by the relative affinity of the terminal regions of the complexes to the nucleoplasm. The latter affinity results in the effective repulsive interactions between terminal regions of the RNA complexes and limits the number of complexes composing the paraspeckle. In the wild type, the repulsive interaction between the middle and terminal block dominates the thermal fluctuation. However, the thermal fluctuation can be significant in a mutant, where a part of the terminal regions of NEAT1_2 is deleted, and distributes the shortened terminal regions randomly between the shell and the core, consistent with our recent experiments. With the upregulated transcription, the shortened terminal regions of NEAT1_2 in a deletion mutant is localized to the core to decrease the repulsive interaction between the terminal regions, while the structure does not change with the upregulation in the wild type. The robustness of the structure of paraspeckles in the wild type results from the polymeric nature of NEAT1_2 complexes.
Published: 2022
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9. Micellization: A new principle in the formation of biomolecular condensates

Author: Tomohiro Yamazaki, Tetsuya Yamamoto, and Tetsuro Hirose
Subjects: long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), architectural RNA (arcRNA), micellization, block copolymer (BCP), NEAT1, paraspeckle, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Phase separation is a fundamental mechanism for compartmentalization in cells and leads to the formation of biomolecular condensates, generally containing various RNA molecules. RNAs are biomolecules that can serve as suitable scaffolds for biomolecular condensates and determine their forms and functions. Many studies have focused on biomolecular condensates formed by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), one type of intracellular phase separation mechanism. We recently identified that paraspeckle nuclear bodies use an intracellular phase separation mechanism called micellization of block copolymers in their formation. The paraspeckles are scaffolded by NEAT1_2 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their partner RNA-binding proteins (NEAT1_2 RNA-protein complexes [RNPs]). The NEAT1_2 RNPs act as block copolymers and the paraspeckles assemble through micellization. In LLPS, condensates grow without bound as long as components are available and typically have spherical shapes to minimize surface tension. In contrast, the size, shape, and internal morphology of the condensates are more strictly controlled in micellization. Here, we discuss the potential importance and future perspectives of micellization of block copolymers of RNPs in cells, including the construction of designer condensates with optimal internal organization, shape, and size according to design guidelines of block copolymers.
Published: 2022
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10. Evaluation of residual stress on shot peened spring steel surface by X-ray cosα method

Author: Tomohiro YAMAZAKI, Yuji SODA, Takuya YAMAOKA, and Toshihiko SASAKI
Subjects: shot-peening, residual stress, x-ray, cosα method, debye ring, tri-axial stress, sup9, Mechanical engineering and machinery, TJ1-1570, Engineering machinery, tools, and implements, TA213-215
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to carry out the basic verification necessary for the correct evaluation of the residual stress of shot peened spring steel by the cosα method. Spring steel (JIS-SUP9) was used as the specimen. Shot peening (SP) was performed on the surface of the specimen by changing the direction and the number of SP. In the X-ray stress measurement, the Debye ring was measured from five directions for each measurement point and used to determine the residual stress. We also examined the effects of changing X-ray incident angles. Residual stress was determined assuming plane stress or tri-axial stress, respectively. As a result, it was found that out-of-plane shear stress (τxz) may occur depending on the direction of SP, and in that case, if stress analysis assuming plane stress is performed, a measurement error will occur. Furthermore, it was found that the smaller the incident angle of X-rays, the larger the measurement error.
Published: 2021
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11. Analysis of Progression Time in Pancreatic Cancer including Carcinoma In Situ Based on Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography Findings

Author: Kentaro Yamao, Masakatsu Tsurusaki, Kota Takashima, Hidekazu Tanaka, Akihiro Yoshida, Ayana Okamoto, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Shunsuke Omoto, Ken Kamata, Kosuke Minaga, Mamoru Takenaka, Takaaki Chikugo, Yasutaka Chiba, Tomohiro Watanabe, and Masatoshi Kudo
Subjects: carcinoma in situ, computed tomography, early diagnosis, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, natural history, pancreatic carcinoma, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) exhibits extremely rapid growth; however, it remains largely unknown whether the early stages of PC also exhibit rapid growth speed equivalent to advanced PC. This study aimed to investigate the natural history of early PCs through retrospectively assessing pre-diagnostic images. Methods: We examined the data of nine patients, including three patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS), who had undergone magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) to detect solitary main pancreatic duct (MPD) stenosis >1 year before definitive PC diagnosis. We retrospectively analyzed the time to diagnosis and first-time tumor detection from the estimated time point of first-time MPD stenosis detection without tumor lesion. Results: The median tumor size at diagnosis and the first-time tumor detection size were 14 and 7.5 mm, respectively. The median time to diagnosis and first-time tumor detection were 26 and 49 months, respectively. Conclusions: No studies have investigated the PC history, especially that of early PCs, including CIS, based on the initial detection of MPD stenosis using MRCP. Assessment of a small number of patients showed that the time to progression can take several years in the early PC stages. Understanding this natural history is very important in the clinical setting.
Published: 2021
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12. Partial Pancreatic Parenchymal Atrophy Is a New Specific Finding to Diagnose Small Pancreatic Cancer (≤10 mm) Including Carcinoma in Situ: Comparison with Localized Benign Main Pancreatic Duct Stenosis Patients

Author: Kentaro Yamao, Mamoru Takenaka, Rei Ishikawa, Ayana Okamoto, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Atsushi Nakai, Shunsuke Omoto, Ken Kamata, Kosuke Minaga, Ippei Matsumoto, Yoshifumi Takeyama, Isao Numoto, Masakatsu Tsurusaki, Takaaki Chikugo, Yasutaka Chiba, Tomohiro Watanabe, and Masatoshi Kudo
Subjects: carcinoma in situ, computed tomography, early diagnosis, pancreatic parenchymal atrophy, small pancreatic cancer, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Background: This study aimed to evaluate and identify the specific CT findings by focusing on abnormalities in the main pancreatic duct (MPD) and pancreatic parenchyma in patients with small pancreatic cancer (PC) including carcinoma in situ (CIS). Methods: Nine CT findings indicating abnormalities of MPD and pancreatic parenchyma were selected as candidate findings for the presence of small PC ≤ 10 mm. The proportions of patients positive for each finding were compared between small PC and benign MPD stenosis groups. Interobserver agreement between two independent image reviewers was evaluated using kappa statistics. Results: The final analysis included 24 patients with small PC (including 11 CIS patients) and 28 patients with benign MPD stenosis. The proportion of patients exhibiting partial pancreatic parenchymal atrophy (PPA) corresponding to the distribution of MPD stenosis (45.8% vs. 7.1%, p < 0.01), upstream PPA arising from the site of MPD stenosis (33.3% vs. 3.6%, p = 0.01), and MPD abrupt stenosis (45.8% vs. 14.3%, p = 0.03) was significantly higher in the small PC group than in the benign MPD stenosis group. Conclusions: The presence of partial PPA, upstream PPA, and MPD abrupt stenosis on a CT image was highly suggestive of the presence of small PCs including CIS.
Published: 2020
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13. Molecular dissection of nuclear paraspeckles: towards understanding the emerging world of the RNP milieu

Author: Shinichi Nakagawa, Tomohiro Yamazaki, and Tetsuro Hirose
Subjects: paraspeckles, neat1, lncrna, nuclear bodies, super-resolution microscope, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Paraspeckles are nuclear bodies built on an architectural long noncoding RNA, NEAT1, and a series of studies have revealed their molecular components, fine internal structures and cellular and physiological functions. Emerging lines of evidence suggest that paraspeckle formation is elicited by phase separation of associating RNA-binding proteins containing intrinsically disordered regions, which induce ordered arrangement of paraspeckle components along NEAT1. In this review, we will summarize the history of paraspeckle research over the last couple of decades, especially focusing on the function and structure of the nuclear bodies. We also discuss the future directions of research on long noncoding RNAs that form ‘RNP milieux’, large and flexible phase-separated ribonucleoprotein complexes.
Published: 2018
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14. Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator for an Ischemic Stroke with Occult Double Primary Cancer

Author: Yukihiro Yoneda, Akira Fukuda, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Natsuhi Sasaki, Masahiko Ohta, and Yasufumi Kageyama
Subjects: Cancer, Ischemic stroke, Stroke, Thrombolysis, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract: Background: In patients with advanced-stage cancer, systemic thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for hyperacute ischemic stroke is not strictly off-label, but it is at higher risk of complications (including bleeding). Case Report: A 71-year-old male with unrecognizable malignancy developed a hemispheric ischemic stroke and received intravenous tPA within 4.5 h of onset, followed by anticoagulation treatment after 24 h of thrombolysis. Two days later, the patient had tarry stool and progressive anemia, receiving a blood transfusion. The systemic workup documented the presence of double primary cancers with advanced stage gastric and rectal cancers, and the patient subsequently received palliative care. The outcome at 3 months was a modified Rankin Scale of 5, and the patient died 6 months after the stroke. Discussion: Although systemic thrombolysis with tPA for ischemic stroke in patients with advanced-stage cancer may be performed relatively safely, optimal post-thrombolysis management is important to prevent the complications.
Published: 2014
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15. FUS-SMN Protein Interactions Link the Motor Neuron Diseases ALS and SMA

Author: Tomohiro Yamazaki, Shi Chen, Yong Yu, Biao Yan, Tyler C. Haertlein, Monica A. Carrasco, Juan C. Tapia, Bo Zhai, Rita Das, Melanie Lalancette-Hebert, Aarti Sharma, Siddharthan Chandran, Gareth Sullivan, Agnes Lumi Nishimura, Christopher E. Shaw, Steve P. Gygi, Neil A. Shneider, Tom Maniatis, and Robin Reed
Subjects: Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Mutations in the RNA binding protein FUS cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal adult motor neuron disease. Decreased expression of SMN causes the fatal childhood motor neuron disorder spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The SMN complex localizes in both the cytoplasm and nuclear Gems, and loss of Gems is a cellular hallmark of fibroblasts in patients with SMA. Here, we report that FUS associates with the SMN complex, mediated by U1 snRNP and by direct interactions between FUS and SMN. Functionally, we show that FUS is required for Gem formation in HeLa cells, and expression of FUS containing a severe ALS-causing mutation (R495X) also results in Gem loss. Strikingly, a reduction in Gems is observed in ALS patient fibroblasts expressing either mutant FUS or TDP-43, another ALS-causing protein that interacts with FUS. The physical and functional interactions among SMN, FUS, TDP-43, and Gems indicate that ALS and SMA share a biochemical pathway, providing strong support for the view that these motor neuron diseases are related.
Published: 2012
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16. Design and Performance of a 1 ms High-Speed Vision Chip with 3D-Stacked 140 GOPS Column-Parallel PEs †

Author: Atsushi Nose, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Hironobu Katayama, Shuji Uehara, Masatsugu Kobayashi, Sayaka Shida, Masaki Odahara, Kenichi Takamiya, Shizunori Matsumoto, Leo Miyashita, Yoshihiro Watanabe, Takashi Izawa, Yoshinori Muramatsu, Yoshikazu Nitta, and Masatoshi Ishikawa
Subjects: vision chip, high-speed image sensor, detection, tracking, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract: We have developed a high-speed vision chip using 3D stacking technology to address the increasing demand for high-speed vision chips in diverse applications. The chip comprises a 1/3.2-inch, 1.27 Mpixel, 500 fps (0.31 Mpixel, 1000 fps, 2 × 2 binning) vision chip with 3D-stacked column-parallel Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) and 140 Giga Operation per Second (GOPS) programmable Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) column-parallel PEs for new sensing applications. The 3D-stacked structure and column parallel processing architecture achieve high sensitivity, high resolution, and high-accuracy object positioning.
Published: 2018
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17. Amoebal endosymbiont Parachlamydia acanthamoebae Bn9 can grow in immortal human epithelial HEp-2 cells at low temperature; an in vitro model system to study chlamydial evolution.

Author: Chikayo Yamane, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Shinji Nakamura, Junji Matsuo, Kasumi Ishida, Sumire Yamazaki, Satoshi Oguri, Natsumi Shouji, Yasuhiro Hayashi, Mitsutaka Yoshida, Yimin, and Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Ancient chlamydiae diverged into pathogenic and environmental chlamydiae 0.7-1.4 billion years ago. However, how pathogenic chlamydiae adapted to mammalian cells that provide a stable niche at approximately 37 °C, remains unknown, although environmental chlamydiae have evolved as endosymbionts of lower eukaryotes in harsh niches of relatively low temperatures. Hence, we assessed whether an environmental chlamydia, Parachlamydia Bn9, could grow in human HEp-2 cells at a low culture temperature of 30 °C. The assessment of inclusion formation by quantitative RT-PCR revealed that the numbers of bacterial inclusion bodies and the transcription level of 16SrRNA significantly increased after culture at 30 °C compared to at 37 °C. Confocal microscopy showed that the bacteria were located close to HEp-2 nuclei and were actively replicative. Transmission electron microscopy also revealed replicating bacteria consisting of reticular bodies, but with a few elementary bodies. Cytochalasin D and rifampicin inhibited inclusion formation. Lactacystin slightly inhibited bacterial inclusion formation. KEGG analysis using a draft genome sequence of the bacteria revealed that it possesses metabolic pathways almost identical to those of pathogenic chlamydia. Interestingly, comparative genomic analysis with pathogenic chlamydia revealed that the Parachlamydia similarly possess the genes encoding Type III secretion system, but lacking genes encoding inclusion membrane proteins (IncA to G) required for inclusion maturation. Taken together, we conclude that ancient chlamydiae had the potential to grow in human cells, but overcoming the thermal gap was a critical event for chlamydial adaptation to human cells.
Published: 2015
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18. Amoebal endosymbiont Neochlamydia genome sequence illuminates the bacterial role in the defense of the host amoebae against Legionella pneumophila.

Author: Kasumi Ishida, Tsuyoshi Sekizuka, Kyoko Hayashida, Junji Matsuo, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Makoto Kuroda, Shinji Nakamura, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Mitsutaka Yoshida, Kaori Takahashi, Hiroki Nagai, Chihiro Sugimoto, and Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Previous work has shown that the obligate intracellular amoebal endosymbiont Neochlamydia S13, an environmental chlamydia strain, has an amoebal infection rate of 100%, but does not cause amoebal lysis and lacks transferability to other host amoebae. The underlying mechanism for these observations remains unknown. In this study, we found that the host amoeba could completely evade Legionella infection. The draft genome sequence of Neochlamydia S13 revealed several defects in essential metabolic pathways, as well as unique molecules with leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) and ankyrin domains, responsible for protein-protein interaction. Neochlamydia S13 lacked an intact tricarboxylic acid cycle and had an incomplete respiratory chain. ADP/ATP translocases, ATP-binding cassette transporters, and secretion systems (types II and III) were well conserved, but no type IV secretion system was found. The number of outer membrane proteins (OmcB, PomS, 76-kDa protein, and OmpW) was limited. Interestingly, genes predicting unique proteins with LRRs (30 genes) or ankyrin domains (one gene) were identified. Furthermore, 33 transposases were found, possibly explaining the drastic genome modification. Taken together, the genomic features of Neochlamydia S13 explain the intimate interaction with the host amoeba to compensate for bacterial metabolic defects, and illuminate the role of the endosymbiont in the defense of the host amoebae against Legionella infection.
Published: 2014
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19. Protochlamydia induces apoptosis of human HEp-2 cells through mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by chlamydial protease-like activity factor.

Author: Junji Matsuo, Shinji Nakamura, Atsushi Ito, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Kasumi Ishida, Yasuhiro Hayashi, Mitsutaka Yoshida, Kaori Takahashi, Tsuyoshi Sekizuka, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Makoto Kuroda, Hiroki Nagai, Kyoko Hayashida, Chihiro Sugimoto, and Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Obligate amoebal endosymbiotic bacterium Protochlamydia with ancestral pathogenic chlamydial features evolved to survive within protist hosts, such as Acanthamoba, 0.7-1.4 billion years ago, but not within vertebrates including humans. This observation raises the possibility that interactions between Protochlamydia and human cells may result in a novel cytopathic effect, leading to new insights into host-parasite relationships. Previously, we reported that Protochlamydia induces apoptosis of the immortalized human cell line, HEp-2. In this study, we attempted to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying this apoptosis. We first confirmed that, upon stimulation with the bacteria, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) was cleaved at an early stage in HEp-2 cells, which was dependent on the amount of bacteria. A pan-caspase inhibitor and both caspase-3 and -9 inhibitors similarly inhibited the apoptosis of HEp-2 cells. A decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential was also confirmed. Furthermore, lactacystin, an inhibitor of chlamydial protease-like activity factor (CPAF), blocked the apoptosis. Cytochalasin D also inhibited the apoptosis, which was dependent on the drug concentration, indicating that bacterial entry into cells was required to induce apoptosis. Interestingly, Yersinia type III inhibitors (ME0052, ME0053, and ME0054) did not have any effect on the apoptosis. We also confirmed that the Protochlamydia used in this study possessed a homologue of the cpaf gene and that two critical residues, histidine-101 and serine-499 of C. trachomatis CPAF in the active center, were conserved. Thus, our results indicate that after entry, Protochlamydia-secreted CPAF induces mitochondrial dysfunction with a decrease of the membrane potential, followed by caspase-9, caspase-3 and PARP cleavages for apoptosis. More interestingly, because C. trachomatis infection can block the apoptosis, our finding implies unique features of CPAF between pathogenic and primitive chlamydiae.
Published: 2013
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20. The proteins PDIP3 and ZC11A associate with the human TREX complex in an ATP-dependent manner and function in mRNA export.

Author: Eric G Folco, Chung-Sheng Lee, Kobina Dufu, Tomohiro Yamazaki, and Robin Reed
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: The conserved TREX complex, which contains UAP56, Aly, CIP29, and the multi-subunit THO complex, functions in mRNA export. Recently, several putative new components of the human TREX complex were identified by mass spectrometry. Here, we investigated the function of two of these, PDIP3 and ZC11A. Our data indicate that both of these proteins are components of a common TREX complex and function in mRNA export. Recently, we found that both CIP29 and Aly associate with the DEAD box helicase UAP56 and with the TREX complex in an ATP-dependent manner. We now show that this is also the case for PDIP3 and ZC11A. Thus, together with previous work, our data indicate that the TREX complex participates in multiple ATP-dependent interactions.
Published: 2012
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21. Exact Algorithm to Solve Continuous Similarity Search for Evolving Queries and Its Variant.

Author: Tomohiro Yamazaki and Hisashi Koga
Published: 2022
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22. A Common Tracking Software Project.

Author: Xiaocong Ai, Corentin Allaire, Noemi Calace, Angéla Czirkos, Markus Elsing, Irina Ene, Ralf Farkas, Louis-Guillaume Gagnon, Rocky Garg, Paul Gessinger, Hadrien Grasland, Heather M. Gray, Christian Gumpert, Julia Hrdinka, Benjamin Huth, Moritz Kiehn, Fabian Klimpel, Bernadette Kolbinger, Attila Krasznahorkay, Robert Langenberg, Charles Leggett, Georgiana Mania, Edward Moyse, Joana Niermann, Joseph D. Osborn, David Rousseau, Andreas Salzburger, Bastian Schlag, Lauren Tompkins, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Beomki Yeo, and Jin Zhang
Published: 2022
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23. Portable Lumipen: Dynamic SAR in Your Hand.

Author: Leo Miyashita, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Kenji Uehara, Yoshihiro Watanabe, and Masatoshi Ishikawa
Published: 2018
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24. Fast Exact Algorithm to Solve Continuous Similarity Search for Evolving Queries.

Author: Tomohiro Yamazaki, Hisashi Koga, and Takahisa Toda
Published: 2017
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25. A guide to membraneless organelles and their various roles in gene regulation

Author: Tetsuro Hirose, Kensuke Ninomiya, Shinichi Nakagawa, and Tomohiro Yamazaki
Subjects: Cell Biology, Molecular Biology
Abstract: Membraneless organelles (MLOs) are detected in cells as dots of mesoscopic size. By undergoing phase separation into a liquid-like or gel-like phase, MLOs contribute to intracellular compartmentalization of specific biological functions. In eukaryotes, dozens of MLOs have been identified, including the nucleolus, Cajal bodies, nuclear speckles, paraspeckles, promyelocytic leukaemia protein (PML) nuclear bodies, nuclear stress bodies, processing bodies (P bodies) and stress granules. MLOs contain specific proteins, of which many possess intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), and nucleic acids, mainly RNA. Many MLOs contribute to gene regulation by different mechanisms. Through sequestration of specific factors, MLOs promote biochemical reactions by simultaneously concentrating substrates and enzymes, and/or suppressing the activity of the sequestered factors elsewhere in the cell. Other MLOs construct inter-chromosomal hubs by associating with multiple loci, thereby contributing to the biogenesis of macromolecular machineries essential for gene expression, such as ribosomes and spliceosomes. The organization of many MLOs includes layers, which might have different biophysical properties and functions. MLOs are functionally interconnected and are involved in various diseases, prompting the emergence of therapeutics targeting them. In this Review, we introduce MLOs that are relevant to gene regulation and discuss their assembly, internal structure, gene-regulatory roles in transcription, RNA processing and translation, particularly in stress conditions, and their disease relevance.
Published: 2022
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26. Remarkable improvement in detection of readthrough downstream-of-gene transcripts by semi-extractable RNA-sequencing

Author: Junichi Iwakiri, Kumiko Tanaka, Takeshi Chujo, Hiro Takakuwa, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Goro Terai, Kiyoshi Asai, and Tetsuro Hirose
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Abstract: The mammalian cell nucleus contains dozens of membrane-less nuclear bodies that play significant roles in various aspects of gene expression. Several nuclear bodies are nucleated by specific architectural noncoding RNAs (arcRNAs) acting as structural scaffolds. We have reported that a minor population of cellular RNAs exhibits an unusual semi-extractable feature upon using the conventional procedure of RNA preparation and that needle shearing or heating of cell lysates remarkably improves extraction of dozens of RNAs. Because semi-extractable RNAs, including known arcRNAs, commonly localize in nuclear bodies, this feature may be a hallmark of arcRNAs. Using the semi-extractability of RNA, we performed genome-wide screening of semi-extractable long noncoding RNAs to identify new candidate arcRNAs for arcRNA under hyperosmotic and heat stress conditions. After screening stress-inducible and semi-extractable RNAs, hundreds of readthrough downstream-of-gene (DoG) transcripts over several hundreds of kilobases, many of which were not detected among RNAs prepared by the conventional extraction procedure, were found to be stress-inducible and semi-extractable. We further characterized some of the abundant DoGs and found that stress-inducible transient extension of the 3′-UTR made DoGs semi-extractable. Furthermore, they were localized in distinct nuclear foci that were sensitive to 1,6-hexanediol. These data suggest that semi-extractable DoGs exhibit arcRNA-like features and our semi-extractable RNA-seq is a powerful tool to extensively monitor DoGs that are induced under specific physiological conditions.
Published: 2022
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27. Development of Ultralow-Cost Machine Vision System.

Author: Kenichi Endo, Teruyuki Ishiwata, and Tomohiro Yamazaki
Published: 2017
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28. Shell protein composition specified by NEAT1 domains dictates the formation of paraspeckles as distinct membraneless organelles

Author: Hiro Takakuwa, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Sylvie Souquere, Shungo Adachi, Hyura Yoshino, Naoko Fujiwara, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Tohru Natsume, Shinichi Nakagawa, Gerard Pierron, and Tetsuro Hirose
Abstract: Many membraneless organelles (MLOs) formed through phase separation play crucial roles in various cellular processes. Although these MLOs co-exist in cells, how they maintain their independence without coalescence or engulfment remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism by which paraspeckles with core-shell architecture scaffolded by NEAT1_2 lncRNAs exist as distinct MLOs. We identified NEAT1 deletion mutants that assemble paraspeckles that are incorporated into nuclear speckles. Several paraspeckle proteins, including SFPQ, HNRNPF, and BRG1, prevent this incorporation and thus contribute to the segregation of paraspeckles from nuclear speckles. Shell localization of these proteins in the paraspeckles, which is determined by NEAT1_2 lncRNA domains, is required for this segregation process. Conversely, U2-related spliceosomal proteins are involved in internalizing the paraspeckles into nuclear speckles. This study shows that the paraspeckle shell composition dictates the independence of MLOs in the nucleus, providing insights into the importance of the shell in defining features and functions of MLOs.
Published: 2023
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29. Structural differences between the closely related RNA helicases, UAP56 and URH49 fashions distinct functional apo-complexes

Author: Seiji Masuda, Ken-ichi Fujita, Misa Ito, Midori Irie, Kotaro Harada, Naoko Fujiwara, Yuya Ikeda, Hanae Yoshioka, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Masaki Kojima, Bunzo Mikami, and Akila Mayeda
Abstract: Messenger RNA export is a regulated pathway that control gene expression and specific physiological events. In humans, closely related RNA helicases, UAP56 and URH49 shape selective mRNA export pathways through distinct apo-complex formation and remodeling to similar ATP-complex to achieve precise gene regulation. The difference in apo-complex is the key to functional divergence. However, the profile of the apo-complex formed by URH49 (named apo-AREX complex) and why UAP56 and URH49 exhibit distinct complex formation remain unknown. Here, we investigated unidentified apo-AREX components. RUVBL1, RUVBL2, ILF2, ILF3, and HNRNPM were physically and functionally associated with URH49, indicating the key components of the apo-AREX complex. Integrating analysis of crystal structure and complex formation of UAP56/URH49 chimera mutants demonstrated that their structural features contribute to respective complex formation. This study provides insights into the specific function of two helicases and into how two helicases diverged from a single ancestral gene, Sub2.
Published: 2023
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30. Development History of Deep-Seated Gravitational Slope Deformation（DSGSD）in the Kanmuriyama Area, Central Japan

Author: Satoru KOJIMA, Ryota NIWA, Naoya IWAMOTO, Heitaro KANEDA, Katsumi HATTORI, Keitaro KOMURA, Tomohiro YAMAZAKI, and Kazuki YASUNAGA
Published: 2022
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31. Linear Optical Quantum Computation with Frequency-Comb Qubits and Passive Devices

Author: Tomohiro Yamazaki, Tomoaki Arizono, Toshiki Kobayashi, Rikizo Ikuta, and Takashi Yamamoto
Subjects: Quantum Physics, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Physics - Optics, Optics (physics.optics)
Abstract: We propose a linear optical quantum computation scheme using time-frequency degree of freedom. In this scheme, a qubit is encoded in single-photon frequency combs, and manipulation of the qubits is performed using time-resolving detectors, beam splitters, and optical interleavers. This scheme does not require active devices such as high-speed switches and electro-optic modulators and is robust against temporal and spectral errors, which are mainly caused by the detectors' finite resolution. We show that current technologies almost meet the requirements for fault-tolerant quantum computation., Comment: 6+3 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2023
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32. An 84-dB extended dynamic range, 152fps, 512 × 384 segmented-base CMOS image sensor with a 10bit, 2.5-MS/s, 6.5-mW pipelined ADC.

Author: Toshinori Otaka, Tomohiro Yamazaki, and Takayuki Hamamoto
Published: 2012
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33. 4.9 A 1ms high-speed vision chip with 3D-stacked 140GOPS column-parallel PEs for spatio-temporal image processing.

Author: Tomohiro Yamazaki, Hironobu Katayama, Shuji Uehara, Atsushi Nose, Masatsugu Kobayashi, Sayaka Shida, Masaki Odahara, Kenichi Takamiya, Yasuaki Hisamatsu, Shizunori Matsumoto, Leo Miyashita, Yoshihiro Watanabe, Takashi Izawa, Yoshinori Muramatsu, and Masatoshi Ishikawa
Published: 2017
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34. Entanglement distribution using a biphoton frequency comb compatible with DWDM technology

Author: Rintaro Fujimoto, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Toshiki Kobayashi, Shigehito Miki, Fumihiro China, Hirotaka Terai, Rikizo Ikuta, and Takashi Yamamoto
Subjects: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: We demonstrate a distribution of frequency-multiplexed polarization-entangled photon pairs over 16 frequency channels using demultiplexers for the signal and idler photons with a frequency spacing of 25 GHz, which is compatible with dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) technology. Unlike conventional frequency-multiplexed photon-pair distribution by a broadband spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) process, we use photon pairs produced as a biphoton frequency comb by SPDC inside a cavity where one of the paired photons is confined. Owing to the free spectral range of 12.5 GHz and the finesse of over 10 of the cavity, the generated photons having a narrow linewidth in one channel are separated well from those in the other channels, which minimizes channel cross-talk in advance. The observed fidelities of the photon pairs range from 81 % to 96 % in the 16 channels. The results show the usefulness of the polarization-entangled biphoton frequency comb for frequency-multiplexed entanglement distribution via a DWDM system.
Published: 2022

35. Mutation frequency of Escherichia coli isolated from river water: potential role in the development of antimicrobial resistance

Author: Junji Matsuo and Tomohiro Yamazaki
Subjects: Immunology, General Medicine, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, biology.organism_classification, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, River water, Antibiotic resistance, Genetic variation, Genetics, medicine, Mutation frequency, Molecular Biology, Escherichia coli, Bacteria
Abstract: Bacteria acquire genetic variations that help them to adapt to stressful environmental conditions, and these changes may be associated with the development of antimicrobial resistance. In this study, we investigated the mutation frequencies of 270 isolates of Escherichia coli from river water, which represents a relatively unstressful environment. As we predicted, mutation frequencies of the E. coli isolates ranged from −11 to 6.3 × 10−8 (median, 1.7 × 10−9), and a strong mutator (≥ 4 × 10−7) was not detected. To better understand the role of mutation frequency in the development of antimicrobial resistance, we assessed antimicrobial sensitivity after exposure of the E. coli isolates to subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin, as a surrogate for stress. We found that antimicrobial resistance increased in bacteria with a low mutation frequency after exposure, and the relative increase in antimicrobial resistance generally increased, depending on the mutation frequency. Thus, mutation frequency may contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance of bacteria in natural environments.
Published: 2021
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36. Utility of contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography for T-staging of patients with extrahepatic bile duct cancer

Author: Ayana Okamoto, Mamoru Takenaka, Hidekazu Tanaka, Kosuke Minaga, Rei Ishikawa, Takaaki Chikugo, Masatoshi Kudo, Shunsuke Omoto, Ken Kamata, Kentaro Yamao, Yasutaka Chiba, Takuya Nakai, Yasuo Otsuka, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Akane Hara, Ippei Matsumoto, Tomohiro Watanabe, Tomoko Hyodo, Yoshifumi Takeyama, Atsushi Nakai, and Tomoe Yoshikawa
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Inferior vena cava, Endosonography, Bile duct cancer, Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Superior mesenteric vein, Pancreas, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Gallbladder, Cancer, Hepatology, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Bile Duct Neoplasms, medicine.vein, Duodenum, Surgery, Radiology, business
Abstract: The value of contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography (CH-EUS) for T-staging in patients with extrahepatic bile duct cancer was evaluated. This single-center, retrospective study included consecutive patients with extrahepatic bile duct cancer who underwent surgical resection after preoperative EUS, CH-EUS, and contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) examinations between June 2014 and August 2017. The capacity of these modalities for T-staging of extrahepatic bile duct cancer was evaluated by assessing invasion beyond the biliary wall into the surrounding tissue, gallbladder, liver, pancreas, duodenum, portal vein system (portal vein and/or superior mesenteric vein), inferior vena cava, and hepatic arteries (proper hepatic artery, right. and/or left. hepatic artery). Blind reading of EUS, CH-EUS, and CE-CT images was performed by two expert reviewers each. 38 patients were eligible for analysis, of which eight had perihilar bile duct cancer and 30 had distal bile duct cancer. Postoperative T-staging was T1 in 6, T2 in 16, and T3 in 16 cases. CH-EUS was superior to CE-CT for diagnosing invasion beyond the biliary wall into surrounding tissue (92.1% vs. 45.9%, P = 0.0002); the ability to detect invasion to other organs did not differ significantly between the two modalities. The accuracy of CH-EUS for T-staging of tumors was better than that of CE-CT (73.7% vs. 39.5%, P = 0.0059). CH-EUS tended to have a better accuracy than EUS for the diagnosis of invasion beyond the biliary wall into the surrounding tissue (92.1% vs. 78.9%, P = 0.074) and T-staging (73.7% vs. 60.5%, P = 0.074). CH-EUS is useful for T-staging of extra hepatic bile duct cancer, especially in terms of invasion beyond the biliary wall into the surrounding tissue.
Published: 2021
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37. Efficacy of an easy loop-forming guidewire in endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage with gallstones impacted in the cystic duct

Author: Mamoru Takenaka, Kae Fukunishi, Kota Takashima, Tomohiro Yamazaki, and Masatoshi Kudo
Subjects: Gastroenterology
Published: 2022

38. Utility of contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS for diagnosis of portal vein invasion by pancreatic cancer

Author: Ken Kamata, Atsushi Nakai, Tomoko Hyodo, Takaaki Chikugo, Akane Hara, Yasuo Otsuka, Hidekazu Tanaka, Tomoe Yoshikawa, Rei Ishikawa, Ayana Okamoto, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Shunsuke Omoto, Kosuke Minaga, Kentaro Yamao, Mamoru Takenaka, Yasutaka Chiba, Tomohiro Watanabe, Ippei Matsumoto, Yoshifumi Takeyama, and Masatoshi Kudo
Subjects: Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Abstract: The value of contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS (CH-EUS) for diagnosis of portal vein invasion in patients with pancreatic cancer was evaluated.This single-center, retrospective study included consecutive patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent both surgical resection after preoperative EUS, CH-EUS, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) examinations between April 2015 and August 2017. CH-EUS evaluation was performed during the late phase. Portal vein invasion on EUS and CH-EUS was defined as no continuity in the line of the vessel wall. Definition of portal vein invasion on CE-CT was based on the Loyer's criteria. The accuracy of three modalities for diagnosis of invasion into the portal vein was compared using the McNemar's test.Eighty-eight patients (mean age: 71.0 years, ratio of male to female: 48:40) were eligible. Postoperative pathological results were as follows: seven cases of portal vein invasion; 81 cases without. Diagnostic accuracy of EUS, CH-EUS, and CE-CT for diagnosing invasion into the portal vein was 72.7%, 93.2%, and 81.8%, respectively. The differences between CH-EUS and CE-CT (P = 0.0094) and CH-EUS and EUS (P = 0.0022) were significant. EUS and CE-CT were comparable.CH-EUS is useful for diagnosis of portal vein invasion by pancreatic cancer.
Published: 2022

39. Statistical Thermodynamics Approach for Intracellular Phase Separation

Author: Tomohiro, Yamazaki and Tetsuya, Yamamoto
Subjects: Solvents, RNA-Binding Proteins, Thermodynamics, RNA, Long Noncoding
Abstract: Phase separation is one of the fundamental processes to compartmentalize biomolecules in living cells. RNA-protein complexes (RNPs) often scaffold biomolecular condensates formed through phase separation. We here present a statistical thermodynamics approach to investigate intracellular phase separation. We first present the statistical thermodynamic theory of the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of two molecules (such as proteins and solvent molecules) and of a polymer solution (such as RNPs and solvent molecules). Condensates produced by LLPS show coarsening and/or coalescence to minimize their total surface area. In addition to the LLPS, there are other types of self-assembly, such as microphase separation, micellization, emulsification, and vesiculation, with which the growth of the assembly stops with optimal size and shape. We also describe a scaling theory of micelles of block copolymers, where their structures are analogous to the core-shell structure of paraspeckle nuclear bodies scaffolded by RNPs of NEAT1_2 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). These theories treat the self-assembly of polymers in the thermodynamic equilibrium, where their concentrations and compositions do not change with time. In contrast, RNPs are produced according to the transcription of RNAs and are degraded with time. We therefore take into account the dynamical aspect of the production of RNPs in an extension of the theory of the self-assembly of soft matter. Finally, we discuss the structure of paraspeckles as an example to demonstrate that an approach combining experiment and theory is powerful to investigate the mechanism of intracellular phase separation.
Published: 2022

40. Hybrid processing system for sensor networks based on an event-driven framework.

Author: Noriharu Miyaho, Yoichi Iwaki, Tomohiro Yamazaki, and Norio Kuji
Published: 2010
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41. Utility of contrast‐enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography for predicting the prognosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms

Author: Masatoshi Kudo, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Yasunori Minami, Shunsuke Omoto, Yuko Matsukubo, Tomoko Hyodo, Mamoru Takenaka, Ippei Matsumoto, Atsushi Nakai, Kentaro Yamao, Hidekazu Tanaka, Kosuke Minaga, Akane Hara, Yasutaka Chiba, Yoshifumfi Takeyama, Tomohiro Watanabe, Ayana Okamoto, Rei Ishikawa, Ken Kamata, and Takaaki Chikugo
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Poor prognosis, Contrast Media, Endoscopic ultrasonography, Malignancy, Endosonography, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Fibrosis, Humans, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Pathological, Retrospective Studies, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Retrospective cohort study, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Predictive value, digestive system diseases, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Neuroendocrine Tumors, Fine-needle aspiration, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Radiology, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs), including Grade 1 (G1) or G2 tumors, can have a poor prognosis. This study investigated the value of contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography (CH-EUS) for predicting the prognosis of PanNENs. METHODS This single-center, retrospective study included 47 consecutive patients who underwent CH-EUS and were diagnosed with PanNEN by surgical resection or EUS-guided fine needle aspiration between December 2011 and February 2016. Patients were divided into aggressive and non-aggressive groups according to the degree of clinical malignancy. CH-EUS was assessed regarding its capacity for diagnosing aggressive PanNEN, the correspondence between contrast patterns and pathological features, and its ability to predict the prognosis of PanNEN. RESULTS There were 19 cases of aggressive PanNEN and 28 cases of non-aggressive PanNEN. The aggressive group included three G1, four G2, three G3 tumors, three mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms, and six neuroendocrine carcinomas. CH-EUS was superior to contrast-enhanced computed tomography for the diagnosis of aggressive PanNEN (P
Published: 2020
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42. Detailed analyses of the crucial functions of Zn transporter proteins in alkaline phosphatase activation

Author: Yukina Nishito, Kathryn Mary Taylor, Naoya Kubo, Tokuji Tsuji, Yu-ki Tanaka, Sachiko Ueda, Eisuke Suzuki, Yasumitsu Ogra, Mayu Matsunaga, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Taka-aki Takeda, Ayako Fukunaka, Taiho Kambe, Namino Ogawa, and Takashi Fujiwara
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Phosphatase, Golgi Apparatus, chemistry.chemical_element, Cellular homeostasis, Zinc, Biochemistry, Cell Line, Avian Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Membrane Biology, Animals, Humans, Cation Transport Proteins, Molecular Biology, Secretory pathway, 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology, Transporter, Cell Biology, Golgi apparatus, Alkaline Phosphatase, Cell biology, Enzyme Activation, Cytosol, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, symbols, Alkaline phosphatase, Protein Multimerization, Chickens
Abstract: Numerous zinc ectoenzymes are metalated by zinc and activated in the compartments of the early secretory pathway before reaching their destination. Zn transporter (ZNT) proteins located in these compartments are essential for ectoenzyme activation. We have previously reported that ZNT proteins, specifically ZNT5–ZNT6 heterodimers and ZNT7 homodimers, play critical roles in the activation of zinc ectoenzymes such as alkaline phosphatases (ALPs) by mobilizing cytosolic zinc into these compartments. However, this process remains incompletely understood. Here, using genetically engineered chicken DT40 cells, we first determined that Zrt/Irt-like protein (ZIP) transporters that are localized to the compartments of the early secretory pathway play only a minor role in the ALP activation process. These transporters included ZIP7, ZIP9, and ZIP13, performing pivotal functions in maintaining cellular homeostasis by effluxing zinc out of the compartments, Next, using purified ALP proteins, we showed that zinc metalation on ALP produced in DT40 cells lacking ZNT5–ZNT6 heterodimers and ZNT7 homodimers is impaired. Lastly, by genetically disrupting both ZNT5 and ZNT7 in human HAP1 cells, we directly demonstrated that the tissue-nonspecific ALP (TNAP)-activating functions of both ZNT complexes are conserved in human cells. Furthermore, using mutant HAP1 cells, we uncovered a previously unrecognized and unique spatial regulation of ZNT5–ZNT6 heterodimer formation, wherein ZNT5 recruits ZNT6 to the Golgi apparatus to form the heterodimeric complex. These findings fill in major gaps in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying zinc ectoenzyme activation in the compartments of the early secretory pathway.
Published: 2020
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43. Clinical utility of treatment method conversion during single-session endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage

Author: Rei Ishikawa, Shunsuke Omoto, Ayana Okamoto, Tomoe Yoshikawa, Kentaro Yamao, Mamoru Takenaka, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Atsushi Nakai, Yasutaka Chiba, Masatoshi Kudo, Tomohiro Watanabe, Ken Kamata, and Kosuke Minaga
Subjects: Endoscopic ultrasound, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Gallstones, Biliary drainage, Endosonography, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Retrospective Study, Stomach Neoplasms, Biliary obstruction, Medicine, Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage, Humans, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Ultrasonography, Aged, 80 and over, Cholestasis, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Interventional endoscopic ultrasound, Gastroenterology, Treatment method, Endoscopy, General Medicine, Middle Aged, digestive system diseases, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Treatment Outcome, Bile Duct Neoplasms, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Colonic Neoplasms, Drainage, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, Radiology, Bile Ducts, business, Single session, Algorithms
Abstract: BACKGROUND Although several techniques for endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) are available at present, an optimal treatment algorithm of EUS-BD has not yet been established. AIM To evaluate the clinical utility of treatment method conversion during single endoscopic sessions for difficult cases in initially planned EUS-BD. METHODS This was a single-center retrospective analysis using a prospectively accumulated database. Patients with biliary obstruction undergoing EUS-BD between May 2008 and April 2016 were included. The primary outcome was to evaluate the improvement in EUS-BD success rates by converting the treatment methods during a single endoscopic session. Secondary outcomes were clarification of the factors leading to the conversion from the initial EUS-BD and the assessment of efficacy and safety of the conversion as judged by technical success, clinical success, and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS A total of 208 patients underwent EUS-BD during the study period. For 18.8% (39/208) of the patients, the treatment methods were converted to another EUS-BD technique from the initial plan. Biliary obstruction was caused by pancreatobiliary malignancies, other malignant lesions, biliary stones, and other benign lesions in 22, 11, 4, and 2 patients, respectively. The reasons for the difficulty with the initial EUS-BD were classified into the following 3 procedures: Target puncture (n = 13), guidewire manipulation (n = 18), and puncture tract dilation (n = 8). Technical success was achieved in 97.4% (38/39) of the cases and clinical success was achieved in 89.5% of patients (34/38). AEs occurred in 10.3% of patients, including bile leakage (n = 2), bleeding (n = 1), and cholecystitis (n = 1). The puncture target and drainage technique were altered in subsequent EUS-BD procedures in 25 and 14 patients, respectively. The final technical success rate with 95%CI for all 208 cases was 97.1% (95%CI: 93.8%-98.9%), while that of the initially planned EUS-BD was 78.8% (95%CI: 72.6%-84.2%). CONCLUSION Among multi-step procedures in EUS-BD, guidewire manipulation appeared to be the most technically challenging. When initially planned EUS-BD is technically difficult, treatment method conversion in a single endoscopic session may result in successful EUS-BD without leading to severe AEs.
Published: 2020

44. Statistical Thermodynamics Approach for Intracellular Phase Separation

Author: Tomohiro Yamazaki and Tetsuya Yamamoto
Published: 2022
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45. Value of artificial intelligence with novel tumor tracking technology in the diagnosis of gastric submucosal tumors by contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography

Author: Hidekazu Tanaka, Ken Kamata, Rika Ishihara, Hisashi Handa, Yasuo Otsuka, Akihiro Yoshida, Tomoe Yoshikawa, Rei Ishikawa, Ayana Okamoto, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Atsushi Nakai, Shunsuke Omoto, Kosuke Minaga, Kentaro Yamao, Mamoru Takenaka, Tomohiro Watanabe, Naoshi Nishida, and Masatoshi Kudo
Subjects: Technology, Hepatology, Leiomyoma, Artificial Intelligence, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors, Stomach Neoplasms, Gastroenterology, Humans, Endosonography, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography (CH-EUS) is useful for the diagnosis of lesions inside and outside the digestive tract. This study evaluated the value of artificial intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis of gastric submucosal tumors by CH-EUS.This retrospective study included 53 patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and leiomyomas, all of whom underwent CH-EUS between June 2015 and February 2020. A novel technology, SiamMask, was used to track and trim the lesions in CH-EUS videos. CH-EUS was evaluated by AI using deep learning involving a residual neural network and leave-one-out cross-validation. The diagnostic accuracy of AI in discriminating between GISTs and leiomyomas was assessed and compared with that of blind reading by two expert endosonographers.Of the 53 patients, 42 had GISTs and 11 had leiomyomas. Mean tumor size was 26.4 mm. The consistency rate of the segment range of the tumor image extracted by SiamMask and marked by the endosonographer was 96% with a Dice coefficient. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of AI in diagnosing GIST were 90.5%, 90.9%, and 90.6%, respectively, whereas those of blind reading were 90.5%, 81.8%, and 88.7%, respectively (P = 0.683). The κ coefficient between the two reviewers was 0.713.The diagnostic ability of CH-EUS results evaluated by AI to distinguish between GISTs and leiomyomas was comparable with that of blind reading by expert endosonographers.
Published: 2021

46. Analysis of Progression Time in Pancreatic Cancer including Carcinoma In Situ Based on Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography Findings

Author: Masatoshi Kudo, Akihiro Yoshida, Ken Kamata, Mamoru Takenaka, Masakatsu Tsurusaki, Takaaki Chikugo, Ayana Okamoto, Kosuke Minaga, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Hidekazu Tanaka, Kota Takashima, Shunsuke Omoto, Yasutaka Chiba, Tomohiro Watanabe, and Kentaro Yamao
Subjects: Medicine (General), medicine.medical_specialty, Clinical Biochemistry, Article, Lesion, R5-920, Pancreatic cancer, medicine, Growth speed, Pancreatic duct, Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, Tumor size, medicine.diagnostic_test, pancreatic carcinoma, business.industry, Carcinoma in situ, carcinoma in situ, computed tomography, medicine.disease, Stenosis, medicine.anatomical_structure, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, natural history, Radiology, medicine.symptom, business, early diagnosis
Abstract: Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) exhibits extremely rapid growth, however, it remains largely unknown whether the early stages of PC also exhibit rapid growth speed equivalent to advanced PC. This study aimed to investigate the natural history of early PCs through retrospectively assessing pre-diagnostic images. Methods: We examined the data of nine patients, including three patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS), who had undergone magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) to detect solitary main pancreatic duct (MPD) stenosis &gt, 1 year before definitive PC diagnosis. We retrospectively analyzed the time to diagnosis and first-time tumor detection from the estimated time point of first-time MPD stenosis detection without tumor lesion. Results: The median tumor size at diagnosis and the first-time tumor detection size were 14 and 7.5 mm, respectively. The median time to diagnosis and first-time tumor detection were 26 and 49 months, respectively. Conclusions: No studies have investigated the PC history, especially that of early PCs, including CIS, based on the initial detection of MPD stenosis using MRCP. Assessment of a small number of patients showed that the time to progression can take several years in the early PC stages. Understanding this natural history is very important in the clinical setting.
Published: 2021

47. Lateral surface pressure generated by nascent ribosomal RNA suppresses growth of fibrillar centers in the nucleolus

Author: Tomohiro Yamazaki, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Kensuke Ninomiya, and Tetsuro Hirose
Subjects: Pulmonary surfactant, Transcription (biology), Nucleolus, Chemistry, RNA polymerase I, Biophysics, RNA, Osmotic pressure, Ribosomal RNA, Biogenesis
Abstract: Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has been thought to be the biophysical principle governing the assembly of the multiphase structures of nucleoli, the site of ribosomal biogenesis. Condensates assembled through LLPS increase their sizes to minimize the surface energy as far as their components are available. However, multiple microphases, fibrillar centers (FCs), dispersed in a nucleolus are stable and their sizes do not grow unless the transcription of pre-ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) is inhibited. To understand the mechanism of the suppression of the FC growth, we here construct a minimal theoretical model by taking into account the nascent pre-rRNAs tethered to the FC surfaces by RNA polymerase I. Our theory predicts that nascent pre-rRNAs generate the lateral osmotic pressure that counteracts the surface tension of the FCs and this suppresses the growth of the FCs over the stable size. The stable FC size decreases with increasing the transcription rate and decreasing the RNA processing rate. This prediction is supported by our experiments showing that RNA polymerase inhibitors increase the FC size in a dose-dependent manner. This theory may provide insight into the general mechanism of the size control of nuclear bodies.Significance statementThe nucleolus, a site of pre-ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) production, has a characteristic multiphase structure, which has been thought to be assembled through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Although condensates assembled through LLPS grow by coarsening or coalescence as far as the components are available, the multiple inner phases, fibrillar centers (FCs), are dispersed in a nucleolus. To investigate the underlying mechanism, we constructed a minimal theoretical model by considering nascent pre-rRNAs tethered to RNA polymerase I at the FC surface. This model is supported by our experiments and explains previous experimental observations. This work shed light on the role of nascent RNAs to control the size of nuclear bodies.
Published: 2021
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48. Control of condensates dictates nucleolar architecture

Author: Tomohiro Yamazaki and Tetsuro Hirose
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, Nucleolus, Chemistry, technology, industry, and agriculture, Nuclear Proteins, Nuclear protein, Control (linguistics), Cell Nucleolus, Cell biology
Abstract: Long noncoding RNA directs biophysical properties of phase-separated nucleoli
Published: 2021

49. Search for high-mass dilepton resonances using 139 fb−1 of pp collision data collected at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Author: Marc Cano Bret, M. Franklin, John Parsons, Alexander Naip Tuna, Vincent W. S. Wong, David Philip John Lack, Philippe Calfayan, Ioannis Manthos, Martin Sykora, A. Trofymov, Gerald Oakham, D. W. Casper, Qun Ouyang, Sebastian Andreas Merkt, Gideon Bella, L. Beresford, Gabriel John Facini, Jiri Hejbal, Michel Janus, Francesco Giuseppe Gravili, Valerio Bortolotto, Ioannis Gkialas, Sheena Schier, Zirui Wang, Simon Henry Connell, Nico Giangiacomi, Borut Paul Kerševan, Laurent Serin, Yakov Petrovich Kulinich, Andreas Petridis, Sau Lan Wu, Edgar Kellermann, Andrew Chisholm, Kaushik De, Yury Ryabov, Damir Duvnjak, Dmitri Dedovich, Fido Dittus, Saskia Falke, Xuan Yang, Heling Zhu, Marcos Vinicius Silva Oliveira, Julien Maurer, Konstantin Toms, Yuri Kulchitsky, Babar Ali, Ilkay Turk Cakir, Marco Montella, Kerstin Tackmann, Jemal Khubua, Georgios Iakovidis, Alexey Ezhilov, Mariya Shiyakova, Mikhail Demichev, Rupert Leitner, Nikolai Marcel Hartmann, Chloe Gray, Samuel Dysch, Valerio D'Amico, Sigve Haug, Edward Diehl, Petr Hamal, Konstantinos Nikolopoulos, Marta Losada, Devin James Mahon, A. Baroncelli, Alec Swenson Drobac, Mattias Birman, Sergio Grancagnolo, Stefania Spagnolo, Miriam Watson, Anastasia Kurova, Christopher Samuel Pollard, Yasuyuki Okumura, Jan Stark, Henry Lubatti, Junji Tojo, S. N. Karpov, Romain Madar, Timon Frank-thomas Heim, Wing Sheung Chan, Gianluca Alimonti, Nihal Brahimi, Catalin Agheorghiesei, Raquel Pezoa, Niklaus Lehmann, Alfred Goshaw, Roman Lysak, Daniel Muenstermann, D. Amidei, Kun Liu, Eitan Gozani, Leonid Kurchaninov, Paolo Camarri, Stefan Tapprogge, Stephen Burns Menary, Massimo Corradi, Alexander Emerman, Tohru Takeshita, Iskander Ibragimov, Bruno Mansoulie, Miguel Fiolhais, Alexei Klimentov, Olivier Arnaez, Elliot Lipeles, Antonio Salvucci, Stefano De Castro, Jonathan David Bossio Sola, Anton Wolf, Pawel Bruckman de Renstrom, Natasha Lee Woods, D. Su, Vincent Hedberg, Yufeng Wang, Katsuo Tokushuku, Laura Rehnisch, Antonio Giannini, Audrey Katherine Kvam, O. J. Winston, Attilio Picazio, Albert Olariu, Shigeru Odaka, Elisabeth Petit, Mario Lassnig, Kerim Suruliz, Monika Wielers, Yu Zhang, Robert Les, Oleg Brandt, Uwe Bratzler, Pierre-Antoine Delsart, Alexander Sydorenko, Patrick Fassnacht, Lucia Pedraza Diaz, S. Artz, Tamara Vazquez Schroeder, Ehud Duchovni, Mario Antonelli, Cheng Chen, Jolanta Olszowska, Claudia Merlassino, Balazs Konya, Speranza Falciano, Javier Montejo Berlingen, Andrea Catinaccio, Ilaria Luise, Jason Lea Oliver, Xuan Zhang, Yuta Sano, Marta Maria Perego, Qi Li, U. Gul, Sebastian Liem Arvidsson, Nicola Abraham, Rongkun Wang, Veysi Erkcan Ozcan, Eric Drechsler, Bibhuti Parida, Georges Azuelos, Urmila Soldevila Serrano, Katharina Behr, R. Bartoldus, Chen Zhou, Kristina Anne Looper, C. M. Macdonald, Thomas James Neep, Barry King, Hannah Herde, Sandra Kortner, Remi Lafaye, Tal Roelof Van Daalen, Fabrizio Trovato, Leonor Cerda Alberich, Stefan Rave, Antonio Zoccoli, Marina Cobal, Michael Edward Nelson, Jiri Masik, V. Wallangen, Zineb Idrissi, Kunlin Ran, Oleg Fedin, Robin Eamonn Long, Shuo Han, Isabel Marian Trigger, Mauro Villa, Marcel Michael Stanitzki, Evgeniy Khramov, Simone Amoroso, Michele Pinamonti, Fuqiang Wang, John Hill, Jahred Adelman, Luca Ambroz, Julia Mariana Iturbe Ponce, Tony Affolder, Anna Lipniacka, Yanjun Tu, Iain Alexander Bertram, Elisa Fumagalli, M. Swiatlowski, Andrey Kamenshchikov, P. D. Thompson, Herjuno Rah Nindhito, Lotte Ansgaard Thomsen, Tomoaki Nakamura, Efe Yigitbasi, Josh Mcfayden, Andrew Pilkington, Maosen Zhou, Dimitrios Fassouliotis, George Redlinger, Bengt Lund-Jensen, Siqi Yang, Anatoly Borisov, Emmanuel Le Guirriec, Susana Cabrera Urbán, Jie Zhang, Rachik Soualah, Susumu Oda, J. S. Keller, James H Cochran, Matthew Feickert, Giorgi Arabidze, James Pilcher, Chiara Debenedetti, Sharka Todorova-Nova, Rafael Teixeira De Lima, Eric Lancon, Manuela Campanelli, Silvia Franchino, Yu Nakahama, Fabian Alexander Foerster, Katsufumi Sato, Antony Fray, Philip James Clark, Yury Smirnov, Jack Henry Lindon, Cristobal Padilla Aranda, Stefano Manzoni, Daniel Joseph Antrim, Charles William Kalderon, Kerstin Lantzsch, J. A. Raine, Takahiro Fusayasu, Alexander Cheplakov, Robin Hayes, Apostolos Tsirigotis, Wenxiao Wang, T. Nobe, Francesca Ungaro, Julien Caudron, S. R. Hou, Pedro Henrique Sales De Bruin, Narei Lorenzo Martinez, Brian Le, Rachid Mazini, Joyful Elma Mdhluli, Valerio Vercesi, Kazuki Todome, Margherita Primavera, Mossadek Talby, Renat Sadykov, Andrey Sapronov, Bo Liu, James Baker Beacham, Fernando Marroquim, Mutsuto Hagihara, Marco Vanadia, Oleg Kuprash, Koichi Nagai, M. Wittgen, Bianca Monica Ciungu, Patricia Conde Muiño, Nico Madysa, Kevin Thomas Bauer, Petr Jacka, Jing Chen, James Catmore, Felix Rauscher, Peter Schacht, Anna Shcherbakova, Serguei Sivoklokov, Aaron Michael Soffa, Jean-Pierre Meyer, Damiano Vannicola, Philip Sommer, Evangelos Gkougkousis, Sai Neha Santpur, Yara Amaral Coutinho, Driss Goujdami, Peng Huo, Anthony Eric Lionti, Rosanna Ignazzi, Giulio Usai, H. C. Cheng, Pepijn Johannes Bakker, M. Gignac, Zach Marshall, Philipp Fleischmann, Tatyana Kharlamova, Joe Kroll, C. Camincher, S. Argyropoulos, Peter Berta, Marcus De Beurs, Cecile Deterre, Anna Bozena Kowalewska, Johannes Erdmann, Sara Ghasemi, Alessandro Mirto, Philippe Mermod, Alexander Sakharov, Amir Farbin, Shigeki Hirose, Tasneem Rashid, Andrea Delgado, David Robert Wardrope, Christian Ohm, N. W. Shaikh, Alice Polyxeni Morris, Maria Ines Abreu Juliao Ochoa De Castro, Emre Celebi, Bobby Samir Acharya, J. G. Vasquez, H. A. Neal, Christian Heinz, Eirik Gramstad, Farkhad Khalil-zada, Addolorata Farilla, Thu Pham, Manfredi Ronzani, Fabien Jeanneau, David Vazquez Furelos, Julien-christopher Beyer, Elmar Ritsch, Verena Herget, Hiroshi Sakamoto, Dario Barberis, Krzysztof Wozniak, Kenta Uchida, Luis Flores Castillo, Barbara Wosiek, Eduard Kladiva, Haijun Yang, Roland Jansky, Chihiro Kozakai, Michael Kobel, Osamu Sasaki, M. Beretta, Mark Kruse, Alison Lister, J. Jongmanns, Zinonas Zinonos, Paul Tipton, Xiaoguang Yue, Gregor Kramberger, Christina Potter, Despoina Sampsonidou, Peter Steinberg, Kouta Onogi, Tobias Klingl, Michael Rijssenbeek, Petar Kevin Rados, Andre Rummler, Federico Lasagni Manghi, Juan Terron, Frederic Schroeder, Xiaocong Ai, Fang-ying Tsai, Wei Ding, Z. M. Karpova, Aaron Foley Webb, Fumiya Yamane, Robert Johannes Langenberg, Mohammad Jawad Kareem, Stephen Hillier, Noemi Calace, Tuan Nguyen Manh, Luis Hervas, Bjarne Stugu, Filip Backman, Milene Calvetti, Dominique Pallin, Christos Bakalis, Allen Mincer, Anatoly Kozhin, William Buttinger, Ryan Justin Atkin, David Francis, Andrea Sciandra, Gavin Pownall, Luca Fiorini, Tiago Dias Do Vale, Georges Aad, Peter Tornambe, Norman Gee, Christian Kahra, Peter Loch, Arunika Sahu, Jan Kretzschmar, Daniele Madaffari, Attilio Andreazza, Ilias Panagoulias, M. Petrov, Nikolai Rusakovich, Kevin Varvell, Alexander Held, Theodor Christian Herwig, Marija Vranjes Milosavljevic, Leonardo Paolo Rossi, Marzio Nessi, Peter van Gemmeren, Jeremy Love, Emanuele Cavallaro, Kendall Reeves, Dimitris Varouchas, Tim Michael Heinz Wolf, Tobias Kupfer, Alexander Gavrilyuk, Guillaume Unal, Masahiko Saito, A. 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Boisvert, Lei Zhang, Jean-Baptiste De Vivie De Regie, Michaela Mlynarikova, Claudio Luci, Daiki Yamaguchi, Robert Adam Vallance, Arturo Rodolfo Sanchez Pineda, Junjie Zhu, Emma Torró Pastor, Victor Araujo Ferraz, Pavol Strizenec, Sebastian Mario Weber, Hannes Mildner, Herman Ten Kate, Allison Mccarn Deiana, Siegfried Wenig, Douglas Benjamin, Francesco Maria Follega, Wouter Verkerke, Rodrigo Gamboa Goni, Bernard Brickwedde, Justin Griffiths, Xiao-yan Li, Ana Rosario Cueto Gomez, Dimitrios Sampsonidis, Ludovica Aperio Bella, Mattias Ellert, Peter Kluit, Imma Riu, Rebecca Anne Linck, Eilam Gross, P. C. F. Glaysher, Marco Schioppa, John Kenneth Anders, Ariella Cattai, Petr Sicho, Gabriel Alexandru Popeneciu, Marcel Vos, Andrew Washbrook, Auriane Canesse, Adrian Buzatu, Tobias Flick, Gabriele D'amen, A. Schoening, Gino Marceca, Marc Geisen, Tingting Cao, Hubert Kroha, Hong Ma, Lara Katharina Schildgen, Cheng Guang Zhu, Alberto Cervelli, Carlo Varni, Li Zhi, Sten Hellman, Torsten Harenberg, Torre Wenaus, Stewart Patrick Swift, Alan Litke, Marco Lavorgna, Rui Wang, Yuta Okazaki, Frederic Deliot, Andrea Rodriguez Perez, Jacob Henry Rawling, Andrea Gabrielli, Evgeny Starchenko, Will Davey, Maria Giulia Ratti, Nguyen Phuong Dang, Alexandre Laurier, David-leon Pohl, Katharina Maria Ecker, Max Klein, Serena Palazzo, Rebecca Hayley Pickles, Simon Paul Berlendis, Helio Takai, Jingbo Ye, Thomas Naumann, Mihail Chizhov, Francesco Spanò, Saminder Dhaliwal, Riccardo-Maria Bianchi, Giancarlo Spigo, Kathleen Whalen, Athina Kourkoumeli-Charalampidi, Saverio D'Auria, Oliver Stelzer-Chilton, Orhan Cakir, Francesco Guescini, Michela Paganini, Sergey Burdin, Dmitry Emeliyanov, Yasuhiro Makida, O. M. Kind, Eram Rizvi, Galo Rafael Gonzalvo Rodriguez, Claus Goessling, Peilong Wang, Michael Adersberger, Giuseppe Salamanna, Alessandro De Salvo, Hartmut Sadrozinski, Luca Colasurdo, Val O'Shea, Paolo Morettini, Markus Wobisch, Masahiro Ikeno, Paolo Francavilla, Zuzana Rurikova, Hadar Yosef Cohen, Anne Kathrin Becker, Emma Sian Kuwertz, Dominic Hirschbuehl, Srinivasan Rajagopalan, Joseph Izen, Enrico Pasqualucci, Ruslan Mashinistov, Quentin Buat, Alessandra Ciocio, K. Sliwa, M. Spangenberg, Roberto Di Nardo, Filippo Maria Giorgi, Xinchou Lou, Hoang Dai Nghia Nguyen, Hal Evans, Siyuan Sun, Steve McMahon, Carlo Alberto Gottardo, Robert Gardner, Joaquin Hoya, Stephen Kam-wah Chan, Daniel M. Levin, Heiko Lacker, Alberto Annovi, Pavel Staroba, Minyu Feng, T. 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Biglietti, Jorge Lopez, James Andrew Kendrick, Jaroslav Guenther, Joseph Haley, Venugopal Ellajosyula, Robert McPherson, Anthony Weidberg, George Victor Andrei, Johannes Donatus Mellenthin, Lorenzo Feligioni, Daniel Guest, Shu Li, Philipp Stolte, Flavia De Almeida Dias, Jonathan Butterworth, Julia Hrdinka, Michal Svatos, Valerio Dao, Markus Atkinson, Kohei Yorita, Benjamin John Rosser, Cristinel Diaconu, Giacomo Polesello, Nansi Andari, Lianyou Shan, Richard Nisius, Riccardo Di Sipio, Vincent Garonne, Silvia Biondi, Alessia Murrone, Peter Buchholz, Tairan Xu, Marco Bruschi, Sandro Palestini, Didier Alexandre, Andrew Straiton Hard, Steffen Henkelmann, Thorsten Kuhl, Frederik Ruehr, Ljiljana Morvaj, Antonio De Maria, Jamal Eddine Derkaoui, Jochen Jens Heinrich, James Howarth, David Cameron, Giulia Ripellino, Julian Constantin Schmoeckel, Tomasz Bold, Lily Asquith, Damian Alvarez Piqueras, Marjorie Shapiro, Cristiano Alpigiani, Keisuke Yoshihara, Michel Raymond, Knut Oddvar Hoie Vadla, Andrea Sansoni, Soshi Tsuno, Yusheng Wu, Sara Strandberg, Tomomi Kawaguchi, Shunichi Akatsuka, Attila Krasznahorkay, Fabio Cardillo, Julius Hrivnac, Jose Julio Lozano Bahilo, Martine Bosman, D. 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Becker, Francesco Rubbo, Djamel Eddine Boumediene, Bertrand Martin dit Latour, Noam Hod, Pavel Tsiareshka, Yasuyuki Horii, Yi Fang, Grigore Tarna, I. Yeletskikh, Konstantin Lehmann, C. Dallapiccola, Philippe Farthouat, D. Duschinger, Juerg Beringer, Qipeng Hu, Eva Hansen, Andrei Akimov, Michael Huebner, Felix Cormier, Tulin Mete, Akihiro Higashida, Maria Giovanna Foti, Brian Petersen, Tamar Djobava, Daniel Lellouch, Richard Teuscher, Luigi Longo, Eleonora Rossi, Shih-Chang Lee, Jannik Geisen, Peter Maettig, Nikolaos Konstantinidis, Yang Qin, Philipp Horn, Christina Agapopoulou, Stephane Willocq, Leigh Schaefer, Thilo Pauly, Benjamin Wynne, Simon Holm Stark, Radek Novotny, Koji Terashi, Batool Safarzadeh Samani, Shuwei Ye, Per Edvin Sidebo, Alberto Aloisio, Huiwen Ji, Craig Buttar, Hideki Okawa, Soumya Mohapatra, Roberto Iuppa, Domizia Orestano, Gerhard Brandt, Daniela Salvatore, Konstantin Vorobev, Luigi Vigani, Semen Turchikhin, Hector De la Torre, Antonio Ferrer, Christopher Anelli, Ian Connelly, Annick Lleres, Markus Cristinziani, Roberto Ferrari, Azzah Aziz Alshehri, Richard Bates, Christian Grefe, F. A. Arduh, Florian Urs Bernlochner, Matthew Henry Klein, Nadav Michael Tamir, Elizaveta Shabalina, Harry James Moss, Sanmay Ganguly, Todd Brian Huffman, Loan Truong, Ossama AbouZeid, Marcel Vreeswijk, Frederic Derue, C. Troncon, Douglas Gingrich, Ayana Arce, Timothy Barklow, Daria Zieminska, Andrei Snesarev, Elena Murielle Freundlich, Birgit Sylvia Stapf, Carsten Bittrich, Timothy Andeen, Adam Maxwell Azoulay, Andrey Minaenko, Andrew Buckley, Marumi Kado, Ahmimed Ouraou, Fred Wickens, Yoichi Ninomiya, Alessandro Ambler, Heberth Torres, Andrey Soukharev, Vanja Morisbak, Martin Rybar, Marko Mikuz, T. Maier, Theo Jean Megy, Alison Elliot, Izaac Sanderswood, Remco Castelijn, David Richard Shope, Mieczyslaw Witold Krasny, T. R. Wyatt, Mateus Vicente Barreto Pinto, Leonardo Carminati, Agni Bethani, Giancarlo Panizzo, Hans Peter Beck, Volker Buescher, Zhi Zheng, Chikara Fukunaga, Weiming Yao, John Kamal Rizk Meshreki, Pienpen Seema, Jean-Francois Arguin, Fares Djama, Stanley Lai, Lidija Zivkovic, V. S. Martoiu, Cristina Galea, Koki Maekawa, Anjali Krishnan, Markus Nordberg, N. Javadov, Vakhtang Tsiskaridze, Huacheng Cai, Reiner Hauser, Bruce Gallop, G. N. Hamity, Charles Young, Sana Ketabchi Haghighat, Jonathan Thomas Burr, Diallo Boye, J. N. Butler, Anyes Taffard, You Zhou, Antonio Onofre, William Trischuk, Heather Lynn Russell, Bertrand Laforge, Ioannis Michail Maniatis, Emily Marie Duffield, Victoria Jane Martin, Bin Gui, Aaron Angerami, Juergen Thomas, Manuel Silva, Y. K. Heng, Nicolas Ellis, Alejandro Alonso, Edoardo Maria Farina, Calliope Louisa Sotiropoulou, Paul Gessinger-Befurt, Fernando Barreiro, Thomas Philippe Calvet, Cinzia Da Via, Stefan Simion, Alexander Melzer, Alan James Taylor, Philip Phillips, Samuel Silverstein, Theodoros Geralis, Chav Chhiv Chau, Philipp Thomas Koenig, Markus Elsing, Lee Sawyer, M. Pitt, Hajime Nanjo, Robin Middleton, Corentin Allaire, Ludovico Pontecorvo, Harish Potti, Edson Carquin, Adam Trzupek, Anamika Aggarwal, M. Franchini, Josh Moss, Enrique Kajomovitz, Rodrigo Araujo Pereira, Ingrid-Maria Gregor, K. Potamianos, Francisco Alonso, Emilio Higón-Rodriguez, Guangyi Zhang, Andreas Hoecker, Atsushi Mizukami, Benjamin Henry Hooberman, Lorenzo Paolozzi, Simone Francescato, Evgenii Baldin, Louis Helary, Anna Mastroberardino, Robert Kehoe, Bruno Lenzi, David Kirchmeier, Carla Sbarra, Amanda Cooper-Sarkar, Maximilian Hils, William Keaton Balunas, Kevin Black, Barbara Liberti, Anne Marie Sickles, Yang Li, N. L. Whallon, Benedict Allbrooke, Miha Zgubic, Jeffrey Rogers Dandoy, Harald Joerg Stelzer, William Dmitri Breaden Madden, Nicolo Magini, Andreas Korn, Tae Hyoun Park, Ashutosh Kotwal, Zhidong Zhang, Cherifa Sabrina Amrouche, Antonio Ereditato, Colleen Jennifer Treado, Harinder Singh Bawa, Nathan Allen Grieser, Teresa Barillari, Andrew Lankford, Oliver Kortner, Sinan Kuday, Joseph William Carter, Christopher Hawkes, Katharina Bierwagen, Zhengguo Zhao, Masaki Ishitsuka, Robert Arthur Mina, Alexey Zhemchugov, Michele Faucci Giannelli, Dms Sultan, Marine Kuna, Georg Viehhauser, Brigitte Vachon, Arthur Eugen Bolz, Takashi Kobayashi, Archil Durglishvili, Kristian Bjoerke, Valerio Ippolito, Katja Hannele Mankinen, Haiyan Wang, Denis Salihagic, M. Shimojima, Igor Mandić, Thomas Daniel Weston, Ning Zhou, Krzysztof Korcyl, Jihyun Jeong, Liyuan Han, Stan Bentvelsen, Gian Luigi Alberghi, Yanlin Liu, Donatas Ramilas Zaripovas, Nicolas Berger, Sebastien Prince, Swagato Banerjee, Danilo Enoque Ferreira de Lima, Rebecca Carney, Andreas Warburton, Victor Kukhtin, Marcela Mikestikova, Marco Rimoldi, N. I. Zimine, J. Boudreau, Fernando Monticelli, Wenhao Xu, Elena Yatsenko, Peter Krieger, Lluisa-Maria Mir, A. G. Foster, G. Calderini, Carmen García, Adam Edward Barton, James Oscar Thomas, Iro Koletsou, T. Iizawa, Yiming Abulaiti, Thomas Trefzger, Daniel Scheirich, Yi-Fang Zhao, Runyu Bi, Robert Orr, Todd Seiss, Max Maerker, Anna Kathryn Duncan, Jue Chen, José Enrique García Navarro, Carsten Dulsen, Hans-Christian Schultz-Coulon, Pasquale Fabrizio Salvatore, M. Dobre, K. J. R. Cormier, Ludovic Michel Scyboz, Manuella Vincter, L. Bryngemark, Michaela Queitsch-maitland, Shoji Asai, Claire Malone, Thomas Lohse, Yanyun Duan, Waleed Syed Ahmed, James Shank, Christian Weiser, Randall Sobie, Givi Sekhniaidze, Marc Weber, Torbjoern Moa, Davide Costanzo, Biagio Di Micco, Lucio Cerrito, Meisam Ghasemi Bostanabad, Lara Hannan Mason, Krzysztof Janas, Lamberto Luminari, William Mickael Barbe, Mark Stockton, Yoichi Ikegami, Daniel Andreas Britzger, K. P. Mistry, Seyed Ruhollah Shojaii, Andrew Stuart Bell, Helge Christoph Beck, Flera Rizatdinova, Carlos Garcia Argos, Dan Andrei Ciubotaru, Xanthe Hoad, W. Kozanecki, Alan Barr, Andreas Sogaard, Marcella Capua, L. La Rotonda, G. P. Gach, G. Crosetti, Alessandro Calandri, Franziska Iltzsche Speiser, Vincent Croft, Alice Alfonsi, Timothée Theveneaux-Pelzer, N. R. Bernard, Neil Warrack, Kevin De Vasconcelos Corga, Masahiro Kuze, Vit Vorobel, Carlos Sandoval Usme, Mason Proffitt, Ilya Tsukerman, Lydia Iconomidou-Fayard, Guenter Duckeck, Steven Farrell, D. Cavalli, Emmerich Kneringer, U. Mallik, Siinn Che, Tamar Zakareishvili, Katherine Pachal, Milena Bajic, Takashi Kubota, Raphael Vuillermet, Martina Javurkova, Thomas Daubney, Claudia Glasman, Yoshiji Yasu, S. J. Crawley, Piotr Andrzej Janus, Jan-Ulf Mjoernmark, Hidetoshi Otono, Jared David Little, Cheuk Yee Lo, Julian Wollrath, Yoram Rozen, F. Luehring, Louise Heelan, Daniel Froidevaux, Fabio Tresoldi, Oleg Bulekov, K. Grevtsov, Bartosz Sebastian Dziedzic, James Mueller, Junichi Tanaka, Reina Camacho Toro, William Patrick McCormack, Eckhard von Toerne, Lorenzo Massa, Christoph Amelung, A. Valero, Benjamin Bordy Tannenwald, Migle Stankaityte, Peilian Liu, Matthias Schott, C. Haber, Junichi Kanzaki, Dennis Perepelitsa, Joao Seixas, Paolo Iengo, Marcin Pawel Guzik, E. L. Barberio, Horst Oberlack, Natalie Wieseotte, Max Fredrik Isacson, Naoki Kimura, Fabricio Andres Jimenez Morales, Judita Mamuzic, Didier Ferrere, Marcus Morgenstern, Soeren Prell, Alessandro La Rosa, Marco Costa, Trisha Farooque, and Jun Gao
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Luminosity (scattering theory), Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Branching fraction, Monte Carlo method, ATLAS experiment, Resonance, 01 natural sciences, medicine.anatomical_structure, Atlas (anatomy), 0103 physical sciences, medicine, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Boson
Abstract: A search for high-mass dielectron and dimuon resonances in the mass range of 250 GeV to 6 TeV is presented. The data were recorded by the ATLAS experiment in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb −1 . A functional form is fitted to the dilepton invariant-mass distribution to model the contribution from background processes, and a generic signal shape is used to determine the significance of observed deviations from this background estimate. No significant deviation is observed and upper limits are placed at the 95% confidence level on the fiducial cross-section times branching ratio for various resonance width hypotheses. The derived limits are shown to be applicable to spin-0, spin-1 and spin-2 signal hypotheses. For a set of benchmark models, the limits are converted into lower limits on the resonance mass and reach 4.5 TeV for the E 6 -motivated Zψ′ boson. Also presented are limits on Heavy Vector Triplet model couplings.
Published: 2019
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50. Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography for evaluating the response to chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer

Author: Mamoru Takenaka, Rei Ishikawa, Tomoe Yoshikawa, Ayana Okamoto, Ken Kamata, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Shunsuke Omoto, Hidekazu Tanaka, Kosuke Minaga, Masatoshi Kudo, Naoshi Nishida, Toshiharu Sakurai, Masayuki Kitano, Yasutaka Chiba, Tomohiro Watanabe, Atsushi Nakai, and Kentaro Yamao
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, CA-19-9 Antigen, medicine.medical_treatment, Computed tomography, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Endoscopic ultrasonography, Endosonography, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pancreatic cancer, Mean Survival Time, medicine, Humans, Pancreas, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Chemotherapy, Hepatology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Gastroenterology, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Treatment Outcome, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Radiology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, Carbohydrate antigen
Abstract: Background and aims Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography (CH-EUS) is used for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (PC). Here, we examined the usefulness of CH-EUS for evaluating therapeutic responses in PC. Methods The study included 23 patients with PC who received chemotherapy. Patients underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) and CH-EUS before chemotherapy and at the time of evaluation of the therapeutic response. Patients with a ≧50% reduction in serum carbohydrate antigen 19–9 levels after chemotherapy were defined as “super responders”. The incidence of an avascular area in the tumor on CH-EUS after chemotherapy was compared between “super responders” and non-super responders. Results Nine patients were included in the “super responders” group.Tumor reduction rates did not differ significantly between CE-CT and CH-EUS in the “super responders”. The appearance of an avascular area was detected in 7 of 9 super responders (77.8%) and in 4 of 14 non-super responders (28.6%), and the difference was significant (P = 0.036). The mean survival time of patients with an avascular area after chemotherapy was longer than that of without an avascular area. Conclusions Detection of avascular areas by CH-EUS after chemotherapy may predict long-term survival of patients with PC.
Published: 2019
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