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2. Investigating the Last Millennium Coulomb Stress Transfer in the Central Apennine Fault System (CAFS).

Author

Valentini, G., Volatili, T., Galli, P., and Tondi, E.

Subjects
TECTONIC exhumation, STRESS management, EARTHQUAKES, ACCIDENT investigation, SHADES & shadows
Abstract

The Central Apennine Fault System (CAFS) characterizes an active tectonic region of significant importance, witnessing numerous destructive seismic events over the last millennia. Although numerous studies have underscored the role of Coulomb stress transfer (CST) in initiating some of the most catastrophic earthquakes, investigations focusing on its specific influence within the CAFS are limited. This research delves into a thorough examination of the effects of CST on both historical and instrumental seismic events of significant magnitude associated with the CAFS. We selected nine seismic events for the CST investigation, dating from 1279 CE to present. Beyond analyzing the static stress transfer for each individual seismic event, the cumulative CST of recent instrumental earthquakes was also examined to provide a comprehensive overview of the current stress scenario. Leveraging an innovative approach, faults were modeled adopting a variable strike three‐dimensional elliptical shape, ensuring enhanced calculation accuracy. Significant findings emerge from the analysis: CST has played a pivotal role in either activating or inhibiting the faults of the CAFS over the centuries. Several examined instances showcase fault reactivation following increased transferred stress within relatively short time frames, while others highlight the inhibitory effect of stress shadows. Examining the differences in seismic moment release across three seismicity windows (the first one between 1300 and 1400, the second around 1700, and the last one from 1979 to 2016) reveals distinct periods of higher seismicity in the past millennium. The latter shows the lowest cumulative seismic moment, suggesting a potential seismic gap equivalent to a Mw 6.67 earthquake. Deepening our understanding of CST illuminates the role of fault interactions in past earthquake occurrences, offering valuable insights into forecasting potential future seismic sequences. This awareness is vital in crafting targeted seismic risk mitigation strategies, thereby safeguarding local communities from the profound consequences of earthquakes. Plain Language Summary: Over the last millennium, the Central Apennine Fault System (CAFS) in Italy generated devastating earthquakes. This research delves into how Coulomb stress transfer (CST) has influenced the occurrence of these earthquakes, either activating or inhibiting faults as demonstrated by numerous CST studies on major earthquakes worldwide (e.g., the San Andreas Fault, Japanese megathrusts, North Anatolian Fault). By analyzing nine seismic events from 1279 CE to the present, we found that the static stress transferred among faults played a pivotal role. Utilizing an innovative 3D model to represent the faults, we gained a better understanding of how they interact with each other and how stress is distributed in the surrounding crust. Some earthquakes increased stress on certain faults, leading to their reactivation within relatively short periods, while others created "stress shadows" that calmed seismic activity. This knowledge not only helps us understand past earthquakes, but also which faults are currently more prone to causing earthquakes, thus improving seismic risk mitigation strategies to protect local communities. This study sheds light on the complex interactions among faults in the central Apennines, offering valuable insights that can assist in planning and preventing future seismic disasters. Key Points: Historical and instrumental seismicity: analysis of the seismic events in the Central Apennine Fault System (CAFS) over the past millenniumThe Coulomb stress transfer (CST) analysis demonstrates the key role of static stress transfer in fault activation and inhibition in central ItalyInnovative 3D model enhances CST accuracy in CAFS, revealing complex fault interactions and stress dynamics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. A database of the coseismic effects following the 30 October 2016 Norcia earthquake in Central Italy

Author

Villani, Fabio, Civico, Riccardo, Pucci, Stefano, Pizzimenti, Luca, Nappi, Rosa, De Martini, Paolo Marco, Agosta, F., Alessio, G., Alfonsi, L., Amanti, M., Amoroso, S., Aringoli, D., Auciello, E., Azzaro, R., Baize, S., Bello, S., Benedetti, L., Bertagnini, A., Binda, G., Bisson, M., Blumetti, A.M., Bonadeo, L., Boncio, P., Bornemann, P., Branca, S., Braun, T., Brozzetti, F., Brunori, C.A., Burrato, P., Caciagli, M., Campobasso, C., Carafa, M., Cinti, F.R., Cirillo, D., Comerci, V., Cucci, L., De Ritis, R., Deiana, G., Del Carlo, P., Del Rio, L., Delorme, A., Di Manna, P., Di Naccio, D., Falconi, L., Falcucci, E., Farabollini, P., Faure Walker, J.P., Ferrarini, F., Ferrario, M.F., Ferry, M., Feuillet, N., Fleury, J., Fracassi, U., Frigerio, C., Galluzzo, F., Gambillara, R., Gaudiosi, G., Goodall, H., Gori, S., Gregory, L.C., Guerrieri, L., Hailemikael, S., Hollingsworth, J., Iezzi, F., Invernizzi, C., Jablonská, D., Jacques, E., Jomard, H., Kastelic, V., Klinger, Y., Lavecchia, G., Leclerc, F., Liberi, F., Lisi, A., Livio, F., Lo Sardo, L., Malet, J.P., Mariucci, M.T., Materazzi, M., Maubant, L., Mazzarini, F., McCaffrey, K.J.W., Michetti, A.M., Mildon, Z.K., Montone, P., Moro, M., Nave, R., Odin, M., Pace, B., Paggi, S., Pagliuca, N., Pambianchi, G., Pantosti, D., Patera, A., Pérouse, E., Pezzo, G., Piccardi, L., Pierantoni, P.P., Pignone, M., Pinzi, S., Pistolesi, E., Point, J., Pousse, L., Pozzi, A., Proposito, M., Puglisi, C., Puliti, I., Ricci, T., Ripamonti, L., Rizza, M., Roberts, G.P., Roncoroni, M., Sapia, V., Saroli, M., Sciarra, A., Scotti, O., Skupinski, G., Smedile, A., Soquet, A., Tarabusi, G., Tarquini, S., Terrana, S., Tesson, J., Tondi, E., Valentini, A., Vallone, R., Van der Woerd, J., Vannoli, P., Venuti, A., Vittori, E., Volatili, T., Wedmore, L.N.J., Wilkinson, M., Zambrano, M., Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Roma (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Palermo (INGV), Istituto sull’Inquinamento Atmosferico (CNR-IIA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Università degli studi 'G. d'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara [Chieti-Pescara] (Ud'A), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Caen), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Informatiche e Matematiche [Modena], Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Pisa (INGV), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Italian National agency for new technologies, Energy and sustainable economic development [Frascati] (ENEA), Departimento di Scienze della Terra [Camerino], Università di Camerino (UNICAM), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dynamique globale et déformation active (IPGS) (IPGS-DGDA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Università degli Studi di Camerino = University of Camerino (UNICAM), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Università degli Studi di Camerino (UNICAM), Puglisi, C., Proposito, M., Hailemikael, S., Falconi, L., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Villani, F., Civico, R., Pucci, S., Pizzimenti, L., Nappi, R., De Martini, P. M., Agosta, F., Alessio, G., Alfonsi, L., Amanti, M., Amoroso, S., Aringoli, D., Auciello, E., Azzaro, R., Baize, S., Bello, S., Benedetti, L., Bertagnini, A., Binda, G., Bisson, M., Blumetti, A. M., Bonadeo, L., Boncio, P., Bornemann, P., Branca, S., Braun, T., Brozzetti, F., Brunori, C. A., Burrato, P., Caciagli, M., Campobasso, C., Carafa, M., Cinti, F. R., Cirillo, D., Comerci, V., Cucci, L., De Ritis, R., Deiana, G., Del Carlo, P., Del Rio, L., Delorme, A., Di Manna, P., Di Naccio, D., Falcucci, E., Farabollini, P., Faure Walker, J. P., Ferrarini, F., Ferrario, M. F., Ferry, M., Feuillet, N., Fleury, J., Fracassi, U., Frigerio, C., Galluzzo, F., Gambillara, R., Gaudiosi, G., Goodall, H., Gori, S., Gregory, L. C., Guerrieri, L., Hollingsworth, J., Iezzi, F., Invernizzi, C., Jablonska, D., Jacques, E., Jomard, H., Kastelic, V., Klinger, Y., Lavecchia, G., Leclerc, F., Liberi, F., Lisi, A., Livio, F., Sardo, L., Malet, J. P., Mariucci, M. T., Materazzi, M., Maubant, L., Mazzarini, F., Mccaffrey, K. J. W., Michetti, A. M., Mildon, Z. K., Montone, P., Moro, M., Nave, R., Odin, M., Pace, B., Paggi, S., Pagliuca, N., Pambianchi, G., Pantosti, D., Patera, A., Perouse, E., Pezzo, G., Piccardi, L., Pierantoni, P. P., Pignone, M., Pinzi, S., Pistolesi, E., Point, J., Pousse, L., Pozzi, A., Puliti, I., Ricci, T., Ripamonti, L., Rizza, M., Roberts, G. P., Roncoroni, M., Sapia, V., Saroli, M., Sciarra, A., Scotti, O., Skupinski, G., Smedile, A., Soquet, A., Tarabusi, G., Tarquini, S., Terrana, S., Tesson, J., Tondi, E., Valentini, A., Vallone, R., Van Der Woerd, J., Vannoli, P., Venuti, A., Vittori, E., Volatili, T., Wedmore, L. N. J., Wilkinson, M., and Zambrano, M.

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, data collection, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Library and Information Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Education, 30 October 2016 Norcia earthquake, Earthquakes, ground deformation process, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, surface faulting hazard, Central Apennines, Database, Landslide, data acquisition system, Extensional definition, Computer Science Applications, 13. Climate action, Homogeneous, Georeference, ground deformation process, data acquisition system, Central Apennines, 30 October 2016 Norcia earthquake, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, computer, Relevant information, Geology, Information Systems
Abstract

We provide a database of the coseismic geological surface effects following the Mw 6.5 Norcia earthquake that hit central Italy on 30 October 2016. This was one of the strongest seismic events to occur in Europe in the past thirty years, causing complex surface ruptures over an area of >400 km2. The database originated from the collaboration of several European teams (Open EMERGEO Working Group; about 130 researchers) coordinated by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia. The observations were collected by performing detailed field surveys in the epicentral region in order to describe the geometry and kinematics of surface faulting, and subsequently of landslides and other secondary coseismic effects. The resulting database consists of homogeneous georeferenced records identifying 7323 observation points, each of which contains 18 numeric and string fields of relevant information. This database will impact future earthquake studies focused on modelling of the seismic processes in active extensional settings, updating probabilistic estimates of slip distribution, and assessing the hazard of surface faulting.

Published
2018
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15. Surface ruptures following the 30 October 2016 M w 6.5 Norcia earthquake, central Italy

Author

Civico, R., Pucci, S., Villani, F., Pizzimenti, L., De Martini, P. M., Nappi, R., Agosta, F., Alessio, G., Alfonsi, L., Amanti, M., Amoroso, S., Aringoli, D., Auciello, E., Azzaro, R., Baize, S., Bello, S., Benedetti, L., Bertagnini, A., Binda, G., Bisson, M., Blumetti, A. M., Bonadeo, L., Boncio, P., Bornemann, P., Branca, S., Braun, T., Brozzetti, F., Brunori, C. A., Burrato, P., Caciagli, M., Campobasso, C., Carafa, M., Cinti, F. R., Cirillo, D., Comerci, V., Cucci, L., De Ritis, R., Deiana, G., Del Carlo, P., Del Rio, L., Delorme, A., Di Manna, P., Di Naccio, D., Falconi, L., Falcucci, E., Farabollini, P., Faure Walker, J. P., Ferrarini, F., Ferrario, M. F., Ferry, M., Feuillet, N., Fleury, J., Fracassi, U., Frigerio, C., Galluzzo, F., Gambillara, R., Gaudiosi, G., Goodall, H., Gori, S., Gregory, L. C., Guerrieri, L., Hailemikael, S., Iezzi, F., Invernizzi, C., Jablonská, D., Jacques, E., Jomard, H., Kastelic, V., Klinger, Y., Lavecchia, G., Leclerc, F., Liberi, F., Lisi, A., Livio, F., Lo Sardo, L., Malet, J. P., Mariucci, M. T., Materazzi, M., Mazzarini, F., Mccaffrey, K. J. W., Michetti, A. M., Mildon, Z. K., Montone, P., Moro, M., Nave, R., Odin, M., Pace, B., Paggi, S., Pagliuca, N., Pambianchi, G., Pantosti, D., Patera, A., Pérouse, E., Pezzo, G., Piccardi, L., Pierantoni, P. P., Pignone, M., Pinzi, S., Pistolesi, E., Point, J., Pozzi, A., Proposito, M., Puglisi, C., Puliti, I., Ricci, T., Ripamonti, Licia, Rizza, M., Roberts, G. P., Roncoroni, M., Sapia, V., Saroli, M., Sciarra, A., Scotti, O., Skupinski, G., Smedile, A., Tarabusi, G., Tarquini, S., Terrana, S., Tesson, J., Tondi, E., Valentini, A., Vallone, R., Van der Woerd, J., Vannoli, P., Venuti, A., Vittori, E., Volatili, T., Wedmore, L. N. J., Wilkinson, M., Zambrano, M., Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia [Bologna] ( INGV ), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Université des Antilles ( UA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Bologna (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Hailemikael, S., Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut Terre Environnement Strasbourg (ITES), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agosta, F., Alessio, G., Alfonsi, L., Amanti, M., Amoroso, S., Aringoli, D., Auciello, E., Azzaro, R., Baize, S., Bello, S., Benedetti, L., Bertagnini, A., Binda, G., Bisson, M., Blumetti, A. M., Bonadeo, L., Boncio, P., Bornemann, P., Branca, S., Braun, T., Brozzetti, F., Brunori, C. A., Burrato, P., Caciagli, M., Campobasso, C., Carafa, M., Cinti, F. R., Cirillo, D., Comerci, V., Cucci, L., De Ritis, R., Deiana, G., Del Carlo, P., Del Rio, L., Delorme, A., Di Manna, P., Di Naccio, D., Falconi, L., Falcucci, E., Farabollini, P., Faure Walker, J. P., Ferrarini, F., Ferrario, M. F., Ferry, M., Feuillet1, N., Fleury, J., Fracassi, U., Frigerio, C., Galluzzo, F., Gambillara, R., Gaudiosi, G., Goodall, H., Gori, S., Gregory, L. C., Guerrieri, L., Iezzi, F., Invernizzi, C., Jablonská, D., Jacques, E., Jomard, H., Kastelic, V., Klinger, Y., Lavecchia, G., Leclerc, F., Liberi, F., Lisi, A., Livio, F., Lo Sard8, L., Malet, J. P., Mariucci, M. T., Materazzi5, M., Mazzarini, F., Mccaffrey, K. J. W., Michett, A. M., Mildon, Z. K., Montone, P., Moro, M., Nave, R., Odin, M., Pace, B., Paggi, S., Pagliuca, N., Pambianchi, G., Pantosti, D., Patera, A., Pérouse, E., Pezzo, G., Piccardi, L., Pierantoni, P. P., Pignone, M., Pinzi, S., Pistolesi, E., Point, J., Pozzi, A., Proposito, M., Puglisi, C., Puliti, I., Ricci, T., Ripamonti, L., Rizza, M., Roberts, G. P., Roncoroni, M., Sapia, V., Saroli, M., Sciarra, A., Scotti, O., Skupinski, G., Smedile, A., Tarabusi, G., Tarquini, S., Terrana, S., Tesson, J., Tondi, E., Valentini, A., Vallone, R., Van der Woerd, J., Vannoli, P., Venuti, A., Vittori, E., Volatili, T., Wedmore, L. N. J., Wilkinson, M., Zambrano, M., Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Surface (mathematics), Surface rupture, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Field data, Geography, Planning and Development, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Kinematics, Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Surface faulting, geological prompt surveys, lcsh:G3180-9980, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), coseismic ruptures, normal faulting, 2016–2017 seismic sequence, central Italy, Coseismic rupture, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:Maps, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, Geological prompt survey, 2016-2017 seismic sequence, Geological prompt surveys, Normal faulting, Coseismic ruptures, Central Italy, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Oblique case, [ SDU.STU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, es, 13. Climate action, Geology, Seismology
Abstract

We present a 1:25,000 scale map of the coseismic surface ruptures following the 30 October 2016 M-w 6.5 Norcia normal-faulting earthquake, central Italy. Detailed rupture mapping is based on almost 11,000 oblique photographs taken from helicopter flights, that has been verified and integrated with field data (>7000 measurements). Thanks to the common efforts of the Open EMERGEO Working Group (130 people, 25 research institutions and universities from Europe), we were able to document a complex surface faulting pattern with a dominant strike of N135 degrees-160 degrees (SW-dipping) and a subordinate strike of N320 degrees-345 degrees (NE-dipping) along about 28km of the active Mt. Vettore-Mt. Bove fault system. Geometric and kinematic characteristics of the rupture were observed and recorded along closely spaced, parallel or subparallel, overlapping or step-like synthetic and antithetic fault splays of the activated fault systems, comprising a total surface rupture length of approximately 46km when all ruptures were considered.

Published
2018

16. Publisher Correction: A database of the coseismic effects following the 30 October 2016 Norcia earthquake in Central Italy

Author

Villani, Fabio, de Martini, Paolo Marco, Civico, Riccardo, Pucci, Stefano, Nappi, Rosa, Pizzimenti, Luca, de Martini, Paolo, Agosta, G., Alessio, G., Benedetti, Lucilla, Fleury, Jules, Pateras, A., Point, J., Pérouse, E., Pignone, M., Pistolesi, E., Pierantoni, P.P., Piccardi, L., Pozzi, A, Proposito, M., Puglisi, C., Puliti, I., Ricci, T, Ripamonti, L., Roberts, G.P., Rizza, Magali, Roncoroni, M., Pinzi, S., Sapia, V., Saroli, M., Sciarra, A., Skupinski, G., Smedile, A., Socquet, Anne, Tarabusi, G., Tarquini, S., Tondi, E., Terrana, S., Tesson, J., Valentini, A., Vallone, R., van Der Woerd, J., Vannoli, P., Volatili, T., Wedmore, L.N.J., Wilkinson, M., Zambrano, M., Open Emergeo Working Grp, Open Emergeo Working Grp, Scotti, Oona, Baize, Stéphane, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Roma (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bureau d'évaluation des risques sismiques pour la sûreté des installations (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SCAN/BERSSIN), Service de caractérisation des sites et des aléas naturels (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SCAN), and Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)

Subjects
Data descriptor, Statistics and Probability, Data Descriptor, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, MEDLINE, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Library and Information Sciences, 01 natural sciences, Education, 03 medical and health sciences, Disk formatting, lcsh:Science, Seismology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 0303 health sciences, Information retrieval, Published Erratum, Tectonics, Publisher Correction, Computer Science Applications, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, lcsh:Q, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Information Systems
Abstract

We provide a database of the coseismic geological surface effects following the Mw 6.5 Norcia earthquake that hit central Italy on 30 October 2016. This was one of the strongest seismic events to occur in Europe in the past thirty years, causing complex surface ruptures over an area of >400 km2. The database originated from the collaboration of several European teams (Open EMERGEO Working Group; about 130 researchers) coordinated by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia. The observations were collected by performing detailed field surveys in the epicentral region in order to describe the geometry and kinematics of surface faulting, and subsequently of landslides and other secondary coseismic effects. The resulting database consists of homogeneous georeferenced records identifying 7323 observation points, each of which contains 18 numeric and string fields of relevant information. This database will impact future earthquake studies focused on modelling of the seismic processes in active extensional settings, updating probabilistic estimates of slip distribution, and assessing the hazard of surface faulting.

Published
2019
Full Text
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17. Correction: A database of the coseismic effects following the 30 October 2016 Norcia earthquake in central Italy (Scientific Data, (2018) 5, 10.1038/sdata.2018.49)

Author

Villani, F., Civico, R., Pucci, S., Pizzimenti, L., Nappi, R., De Martini, P. M., Agosta, F., Alessio, G., Alfonsi, L., Amanti, M., Amoroso, S., Aringoli, D., Auciello, E., Azzaro, R., Baize, S., Bello, S., Benedetti, L., Bertagnini, A., Binda, G., Bisson, M., Blumetti, A. M., Bonadeo, L., Boncio, P., Bornemann, P., Branca, S., Braun, T., Brozzetti, F., Brunori, C. A., Burrato, P., Caciagli, M., Campobasso, C., Carafa, M., Cinti, F. R., Cirillo, D., Comerci, V., Cucci, L., De Ritis, R., Deiana, G., Del Carlo, P., Del Rio, L., Delorme, A., Di Manna, P., Di Naccio, D., Falconi, L., Falcucci, E., Farabollini, P., Faure Walker, J. P., Ferrarini, F., Ferrario, M. F., Ferry, M., Feuillet, N., Fleury, J., Fracassi, U., Frigerio, C., Galluzzo, F., Gambillara, R., Gaudiosi, G., Goodall, H., Gori, S., Gregory, L. C., Guerrieri, L., Hailemikael, S., Hollingsworth, J., Iezzi, F., Invernizzi, C., Jablonska, D., Jacques, E., Jomard, H., Kastelic, V., Klinger, Y., Lavecchia, G., Leclerc, F., Liberi, F., Lisi, A., Livio, F., Lo Sardo, L., Malet, J. P., Mariucci, M. T., Materazzi, M., Maubant, L., Mazzarini, F., Mccaffrey, K. J. W., Michetti, A. M., Mildon, Z. K., Montone, P., Moro, M., Nave, R., Odin, M., Pace, B., Paggi, S., Pagliuca, N., Pambianchi, G., Pantosti, D., Patera, A., Perouse, E., Pezzo, G., Piccardi, L., Pierantoni, P. P., Pignone, M., Pinzi, S., Pistolesi, E., Point, J., Pousse, L., Pozzi, A., Proposito, M., Puglisi, C., Puliti, I., Ricci, T., Ripamonti, L., Rizza, M., Roberts, G. P., Roncoroni, M., Sapia, V., Saroli, M., Sciarra, A., Scotti, O., Skupinski, G., Smedile, A., Socquet, A., Tarabusi, G., Tarquini, S., Terrana, S., Tesson, J., Tondi, E., Valentini, A., Vallone, R., Van der Woerd, J., Vannoli, P., Venuti, A., Vittori, E., Volatili, T., Wedmore, L. N. J., Wilkinson, M., and Zambrano, M.

Published
2019

24. Surface faulting during the August 24, 2016, Central Italy earthquake (Mw 6.0): preliminary results

Author

Livio, F, Michetti, AM, Vittori, E, Gregory, LC, Wedmore, L, Piccardi, I, Tondi, E, and Roberts, G

Abstract

We present some preliminary results on the mapping of coseismically-induced ground ruptures following the Aug. 24, 2016, Central Italy earthquake (Mw 6.0). The seismogenic source, as highlighted by InSAR and seismological data, ruptured across two adjacent structures: the Mt. Vettore and Laga faults. We col-lected field data on ground breaks along the whole deformed area and two different scenarios of on-fault coseismic displacement arise from these observations. To the north, along the Mt. Vettore fault, surface faulting can be mapped quite continuously along a well-defined fault strand while such features are almost absent to the south, along the Laga fault, where flysch-like marly units are present. A major lithological control affects the surface expression of faulting, resulting in a complex deformation pattern.

Published
2016

26. Deformation mechanism and hydraulic properties of normal and strike-slip fault zones in porous carbonates outcropping in central and southern Italy

Author

Tondi, E, Balsamo, F, Storti, F, Agosta, F, Cilona, A, Antonellini, M., NAPOLI, Giuseppe, RENDA, Pietro, Tondi, E, Balsamo, F, Napoli, G, Storti, F, Agosta, F, Renda, P, Cilona, A, and Antonellini, M

Subjects
Settore GEO/03 - Geologia Strutturale, Deformation bands, fault permeability, fluid flow
Abstract

Deformation of porous carbonate grainstones takes generally place by compactive shear banding, which initially produce single bands that may evolve during incremental strain into zones of multiple bands and, eventually, fault zones with discrete slip surfaces. The several processes associated to increased deformation are recorded in the aforementioned structural elements. In fact, they are characterized by a different texture, porosity, dimensional attributes (length, thickness, displacement). Fault zones are characterized by inner fault cores made of cataclastic material surrounded by thicker damage zones including single bands and zones of bands. In this work, we present the results of in situ permeability measurements carried out using a portable field permeameter along both normal and strike-slip fault zones developed in high-porosity carbonate grainstones from the Cretaceous Orfento Formation (Majella Mountain, Abruzzi Region), and in the Lower Pleistocene deposits (Favignana island, Sicily). We studied eight fault zones with displacement ranging from 30 centimeters to 2 meters. Undeformed rocks are poor-to-medium consolidated grainstone. Grains are made up of fragments of carbonates ranging from 0.05 to 1 mm in diameter. The matrix consists of bladed and sparry calcite cement and carbonate fragments smaller than 0.05 mm. Porosity is about 30%, bulk permeability in the order of about 5.6 Darcy. Grainstones in damage zones record nondestructive compactive granular flow and pore collapse, which reduce porosity and pore connectivity. Moreover intergranular pressure solution seams form in the already compacted rock. Permeability measurements show an average value of about 0.6 Darcy. Deformation in fault cores evolves from particulate flow to compactional cataclastic flow. The progressive grain size reduction increases the amount of silt- and clay-size fractions. Hence, porosity was dramatically reduced and the permeability values show an average value of 0.07 Darcy. The aforementioned permeability data indicate a three order of magnitude decrease of permeability from host rocks to cataclastic fault cores. A clear dependence of the fluid circulation paths through porous carbonates is therefore inferred at depth due to orientation, density and connectivity of the shear band fault zones. Accordingly, the results presented in this study may be helpful in applications such as geofluids management for improving the forecasting of carbonate reservoir quality and understanding the extent of reservoir compartmentalization.

Published
2013

28. Reconstruction of continental margin architecture deformed by the contraction of the Lagonegro Basin, southern Apennines, Italy

Author

MAZZOLI, S., BARKHAM, S., CELLO, G., GAMBINI, R., MATTIONI, R., SHINER, P., and TONDI, E.

Subjects
Italy -- Natural history, Plate tectonics -- Italy, Continental margins -- Italy, Rifts (Geology) -- Italy, Faults (Geology) -- Italy, Paleogeography -- Mesozoic, Geology -- Italy, Earth sciences
Abstract

Thrust propagation through previously rifted continental margins may result in fold and thrust belts whose structure is strongly controlled by the inherited basin architecture, as it occurs in southern Italy. The Lagonegro units of the southern Apennines comprise a deformed pelagic basin succession showing variable stratigraphic characteristics, mainly lateral variations in both facies and thickness, interpreted to be due to a complex basin topography related to a Triassic rifting event. In contrast to previous studies, cross-section balancing and restoration indicate that the Lagonegro units exposed in the high Agri Valley area suffered relatively limited internal shortening (8 km, i.e. 35%). Early deformation of these rocks, later incorporated into a large-displacement thrust sheet, was dominated by folding around (present-day) roughly north-south-trending axes. The attainment of a regional decollement level was favoured by an early mild inversion of the basin, producing a roughly similar structural elevation of both hanging-wall and footwall successions to Mesozoic faults. Most of the contractional deformation was accommodated by buckling of the Mesozoic syn-rift strata between synsedimentary faults, which represented major mechanical interfaces. Early strain localization in the Lagonegro Basin ahead of the active thrust front was most probably mechanically controlled by a faulted crustal segment which originally lay, within the continental margin, between two massive carbonate platforms. Keywords: southern Apennines, rift basins, inversion tectonics, detachment-dominated thrusting, cross-section balancing and sequential restoration.

Published
2001

29. Complex basin development in a wrench-dominated back-arc area: Tectonic evolution of the Crati Basin, Calabria, Italy

Author

Spina V., Tondi E., Galli P., MAZZOLI, STEFANO, Spina, V., Tondi, E., Galli, P., Mazzoli, Stefano, Departimento di Scienze della Terra [Camerino], Università degli Studi di Camerino (UNICAM), Departimento di Scienze della Terra [Napoli], and Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pleistocene, strike-slip tectonics, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Nappe, seismic interpretation, northern Calabria, Paleontology, Extensional tectonics, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Structural geology, Strike-slip tectonics, extensional tectonics, Tectonics, Geophysics, Basement (geology), Ridge, extensional tectonic, seismicity, Seismology, Geology
Abstract

Field data and seismic reflection profiles of various resolutions, calibrated by deep well logs, have been used to unravel the tectonic evolution of the Crati Basin (southern Italy). The study area is located in the northern portion of the Calabrian Arc, a well-developed arc-shaped feature of the circum-Mediterranean belts, consisting of a series of ophiolite-bearing tectonic units and overlying basement nappes. NW–SE oriented left-lateral strike-slip faults exerted a major control on the tectonic evolution of northern-central Calabria, from Middle Miocene to Lower Pleistocene times. Such faults, arranged in an en-echelon geometry and dissecting the pre-existing Late Oligocene–Early Miocene orogenic belt, led to a structural setting including major N-S striking synforms – as the offshore Paola Basin and the Crati Basin are interpreted based on our results – separated by a broad antiformal ridge. Since the Middle Pleistocene, both E- and W-dipping normal faults developed in the southernmost sector of the Crati Basin, probably as a consequence of both uplift of the orogenic edifice and Tyrrhenian back-arc extension. The pre-existing regional strike-slip faults became inactive in this sector of the belt. However, working as persistent barriers, it is envisaged here that they inhibited the southern propagation of the newly formed normal faults, which therefore propagated towards the north. A minimum value of cumulative displacement of ca. 600 m has been unraveled for the central sector of the Crati Basin since Middle Pleistocene times. This yields a vertical strain rate of ca. 0.9 mm/y during the last 700 ka.

Published
2011

30. Note illustrative della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50000 Foglio 303 Macerata

Author

Cello G., Coccioni R., Gazzani D., Nesci O., Pennacchioni E., Piccini M., Riccioni M., Sampaolesi S., Tondi E., Critelli S., Le Pera E., Negri A., Didaskalou P., Potetti M., Savelli D., Farabollini P., D'Angeli T., MAZZOLI, STEFANO, Cello, G., Coccioni, R., Gazzani, D., Nesci, O., Pennacchioni, E., Piccini, M., Riccioni, M., Sampaolesi, S., Tondi, E., Critelli, S., Le Pera, E., Negri, A., Didaskalou, P., Potetti, M., Savelli, D., Farabollini, P., Mazzoli, Stefano, and D'Angeli, T.

Published
2010

31. Preliminary results of fault-related permeability structures associated to the Scicli-Ragusa fault segments, Hyblean Plateau, Sicily

Author

Cilona,A, Agosta,F, Criscenti,A, Deiana,G, Giunta,G, Tondi,E, NAPOLI, Giuseppe, RENDA, Pietro, Cilona,A, Agosta,F, Criscenti,A, Deiana,G, Giunta,G, Napoli,G, Renda,P, and Tondi,E

Subjects
fault permeability, fault architecture, platform-to-ramp Miocene carbonate, Hyblean Plateau, Settore GEO/03 - Geologia Strutturale, architettura di faglia, carbonati miocenici di piattaforma e rampa, permeabilità delle faglie, Plateau Ibleo
Abstract

Nella zona di Ragusa (Plateau Ibleo, Sicilia sud-orientale) la presenza di bitume all’interno di rocce carbonatiche di età oligo-miocenica, caratterizzate da una porosità primaria oggi compresa tra 0 e 10% (Formazione Ragusa, permette di osservare il ruolo esercitato da faglie e fratture nella circolazione degli idrocarburi. Con l’obiettivo quindi di effettuare studi mirati alla caratterizzazione petrofisica delle diverse tipologie di faglie e fratture affioranti, è stato condotto uno studio di terreno preliminare, che ha permesso la definizione dell’assetto geologico-strutturale della porzione occidentale del Plateau Ibleo, lungo il sistema di faglie denominato Scicli-Ragusa. Inoltre, sulla base dei dati acquisiti lungo le faglie viene effettuata una preliminare valutazione delle loro permeabilità strutturale. Mediante il rilevamento di terreno è stata realizzata una carta geologica a scala 1:25.000 lungo il sistema di faglie denominato Scicli-Ragusa. Inoltre, un analisi stratigrafica di dettaglio ha consentito di definire lo spessore e la distribuzione dei diversi membri e sotto-membri appartenenti alla Formazione Ragusa. Sulla base dei dati acquisiti è stato possibile identificare i diversi set di faglie affioranti e di valutare i rigetti dei singoli segmenti di faglia. Le faglie appartenenti al sistema di Scicli-Ragusa, sono orientate (i) NNE-SSO, con una cinematica prevalente di tipo trascorrente destro, (ii) NE-SO con una cinematica di tipo normale e (iii) ENE-OSO con un cinematica trascorrente di tipo sinistro. Indipendentemente dalla loro cinematica, sulla base dei loro rigetti le faglie affioranti sono state raggruppate in quattro diverse categorie: (a) “incipienti” (con rigetti di pochi cm), (b) “piccole” (con rigetti fino al m),(c) “medie” (con rigetti di decine di m) e (d) “grandi” (con rigetti di centinaia di m). Le faglie “incipienti”, presenti negli strati poco porosi (Ф5%) si rinvengono principalmente single shear band o shear band zone. Nelle faglie “piccole” le superfici di taglio si presentano discontinue con fault core isolati, costituiti principalmente da breccia di faglia e damage zone per lo più assente; le faglie “medie” presentano sempre fault core sottili e discontinui (breccia e/o cataclasite) ma damage zone spesse e ben sviluppate. Le faglie “grandi” sono costituite da fault core (breccia cementata o cataclasite) di spessore metrico e superfici di taglio ben sviluppate circondate da damage zone spesse decine di metri. Poiché la permeabilità delle faglie, come ampiamente dimostrato in letteratura, è fortemente influenzata dalla loro archittura interna, possiamo interpretare i dati ottenuti in termini di permeabilità strutturale. Le faglie “grandi” si comportano verosimilmente da sistemi condotto-barriera, in cui la circolazione dei fluidi avviene principalmente all’interno delle damage zone (in direzione parallela alla faglia), ma al contempo è inibita dai fault core impermeabili (in direzione perpendicolare alla faglia). Nelle faglie “medie” e “piccole” i core, anche se impermeabili, sono comunque discontinui; quindi queste faglie possono rappresentare nel complesso dei condotti idraulici localizzati. Per quanto riguarda invece le faglie “incipienti”, e le strutture deformative di background presenti all’interno dell’host rock, esse possono agire sia da barriera (compactive shear band, compactive shear band zone, compaction band e stiloliti) che da condotto (joint, joint e stiloliti andati in taglio) al flusso dei fluidi.

Published
2010

33. Preliminary results of a multi-scale structural analisys in an analogue carbonate reservoir (Hyblean Plateau, Sicily, Italy)

Author

Cilona, A, Agosta, F, Criscenti, A, Di Pasquale, M, Giunta, G, NAPOLI, Giuseppe, Occhipinti, R, RENDA, Pietro, Tondi, E., Cilona, A, Agosta, F, Criscenti, A, Di Pasquale, M, Giunta, G, Napoli, G, Occhipinti, R, Renda, P, and Tondi, E

Subjects
tectonic, structural analisys, carbonate, sicily, Carbonate reservoir, fault zone properties, Hyblean Plateau, Settore GEO/03 - Geologia Strutturale
Abstract

With the aim of studying the multi-scale fault architecture and permeability in hydrocarbon-rich porous carbonate rocks, we are currently involved in a project focused on the structural analysis of fractured and faulted platform-to-ramp carbonates cropping out in the Hyblean Plateau (Sicily, Italy). The Hyblean Plateau is part of the Maghrebian foreland and forms the northern portion of the African plate. The plateau is a NE-oriented structural high crosscut by a large-scale N10°-20°E oriented strike-slip fault system, named Scicli-Ragusa, which was affected by right-lateral kinematics during the Upper Miocene-Lower Pliocene. Some authors documented a recent activity of the Scicli-Ragusa fault system, during the Quaternary, characterized by left-lateral kinematics. The portion of the Hyblean Plateau crosscut by this fault system represents an excellent example of an outcropping analogue of a fractured carbonate reservoir. By taking advantage of the several oil shows located along the Scicli-Ragusa fault system, we combine stratigraphic-structural analyses, both at outcrop and microscopic scales, to assess the structural control exerted by faults and fractures on hydrocarbon migration and storage. The field work focused on the geological mapping, at 1:10.000 scale, on detailed stratigraphic characterization of the outcropping layered carbonates (Ragusa Fm.) and on traditional faults and fractures analysis. Sample collection was also performed in order to conduct, in the laboratory, optical microscope and image analyses. The Oligo-Miocenic Ragusa Fm. is comprised of two main members: i) the lower Leonardo Member, which is characterised by well-cemented carbonate packstones intercalated with marl-rich levels; ii) the upper Irminio Member, characterised by an alternation of well-cemented and poorly-cemented grainstones/packstones. According to both orientations and kinematics, we grouped the fault segments of the Scicli-Ragusa fault system into three major sets: (i) NNE-striking faults with predominant right-lateral kinematics, (ii) ENE-striking faults with left-lateral kinematics, and (iii) NE-striking faults characterized by normal slip. Conversely, based on the fault attributes we subdivided the outcropping faults into four main categories: (i) Major faults, comprised of well-developed fault cores (made up of cataclastic rocks and main slip surfaces) flanked by thicker fault damage zones, which are up to 18 km-long and have throws in the order of 100’s of meters. (ii) Medium faults containing thin and discontinuous fault cores of brecciated and cataclastic fault rocks and through-going slip surfaces encompassed within the fault damage zones, which are long up to several 100’s of meters and have throws up to 10’s of meters. (iii) Small faults made up of isolated and discontinuous fault cores of faults breccias and through-going slip surfaces, which are up to a few m-long and have throws in order of several 10’s of cm and a few meters. (iv) Incipient faults consist, predominantly, of sheared pre-existing fractures confined within the individual carbonate beds; the maximum throw < 10 cm. The meso-structural analysis performed to define the background deformation allowed us to identify mainly three different typology of structures: i) joints, ii) stylolites, and iii) shear bands. On the basis of their abutting relationships first originated bed-parallel stylolites and then two coeval sets of bed perpendicular joints. Shear bands nucleated by shearing of previously formed bed-parallel and bed-perpendicular structures. Another important data came out from preliminary microscope analysis carried out within mines of tar rich carbonates. Here, shear bands within porous layers behaved as a seal for oil migration whereas joints, localized in well cemented layers, acted as conduct for hydrocarbons. Finally, as planned work, we are going to combine fault architecture data with petrophysical analyses conducted on samples belonging to different structural domains in order to define hydraulic behaviours of the studied faults.

Published
2010

36. Active faults and inferred seismic sources in the San Vito lo Capo peninsula, Northwestern Sicily, Italy

Author

Tondi, E., Zampieri, Dario, Giunta, G., Renda, P., Alessandroni, M., Unti, M., Giorgianni, A., Cello, G., Moratti, G, Chalouan, A, TONDI E, ZAMPIERI, GIUNTA G, RENDA P, ALESSANDRONI M, UNTI M, GIORGIANNI A, and CELLO G

Subjects
TECTONICS, RELEASE, EUROPE, active fault, Sicily, DEFORMATION BANDS, CENTRAL APENNINES, FRAMEWORK, TYRRHENIAN SEA, SEQUENCE, EVOLUTION, DISPLACEMENT
Abstract

Two independent active faults, capable of generating medium-sized earthquakes in the San Vito lo Capo peninsula, northwestern Sicily (Italy) have been identified as a result of detailed field studies. In western Sicily, instrumental seismicity is low; in fact, except for the 1968 Belice earthquake (Ms = 5.4), historical records indicate that this area is relatively quiescent. Most of the seismicity is in the offshore sector of the Sicilian Maghrebian Chain, which is characterized by several medium- to low-magnitude events. The main shock of the 2002 Palermo seismic sequence (Mw = 5.9) represents the largest earthquake felt in the area in recent years. The deformation pattern characterizing the most recent faults mapped in northwestern Sicily includes a grid of high-angle faults consisting of major east-west-striking right-lateral and north-south-striking left-lateral features. This fault grid is related to a regional transcurrent right-lateral shear zone, here named the UEKA shear zone, bounded to the north by the Ustica-Eolie fault and to the south by the Kumeta-Alcantara fault. The UEKA shear zone accommodates the regional strain induced by the current stress field acting in the area, which, as emerges from both structural and seismological data, is characterized by a NW-SE-striking main compression.

Published
2006

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