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16. Octadecaneuropeptide (ODN) induces N2a cells differentiation through a PKA/PLC/PKC/MEK/ERK-dependent pathway: Incidence on peroxisome, mitochondria, and lipid profiles

Author

Namsi, A, Nury, T, Khan, A, Leprince, J, Vaudry, D, Caccia, C, Leoni, V, Atanasov, A, Tonon, M, Masmoudi-Kouki, O, Lizard, G, Namsi A., Nury T., Khan A. S., Leprince J., Vaudry D., Caccia C., Leoni V., Atanasov A. G., Tonon M. -C., Masmoudi-Kouki O., Lizard G., Namsi, A, Nury, T, Khan, A, Leprince, J, Vaudry, D, Caccia, C, Leoni, V, Atanasov, A, Tonon, M, Masmoudi-Kouki, O, Lizard, G, Namsi A., Nury T., Khan A. S., Leprince J., Vaudry D., Caccia C., Leoni V., Atanasov A. G., Tonon M. -C., Masmoudi-Kouki O., and Lizard G.

Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and death of neuronal cells. To counteract such damage and to favor neurogenesis, neurotrophic factors could be used as therapeutic agents. Octadecaneuropeptide (ODN), produced by astrocytes, is a potent neuroprotective agent. In N2a cells, we studied the ability of ODN to promote neuronal differentiation. This parameter was evaluated by phase contrast microscopy, staining with crystal violet, cresyl blue, and Sulforhodamine 101. The effect of ODN on cell viability and mitochondrial activity was determined with fluorescein diacetate and DiOC(6)(3), respectively. The impact of ODN on the topography of mitochondria and peroxisomes, two tightly connected organelles involved in nerve cell functions and lipid metabolism, was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy: detection of mitochondria with MitoTracker Red, and peroxisome with an antibody directed against the ABCD3 peroxisomal transporter. The profiles in fatty acids, cholesterol, and cholesterol precursors were determined by gas chromatography, in some cases coupled with mass spectrometry. Treatment of N2a cells with ODN (10(-14) M, 48 h) induces neurite outgrowth. ODN-induced neuronal differentiation was associated with modification of topographical distribution of mitochondria and peroxisomes throughout the neurites and did not affect cell viability and mitochondrial activity. The inhibition of ODN-induced N2a differentiation with H89, U73122, chelerythrine and U0126 supports the activation of a PKA/PLC/PKC/MEK/ERK-dependent signaling pathway. Although there is no difference in fatty acid profile between control and ODN-treated cells, the level of cholesterol and some of its precursors (lanosterol, desmosterol, lathosterol) was increased in ODN-treated cells. The ability of ODN to induce neuronal differentiation without cytotoxicity reinforces the interest for this neuropeptide with neurotroph

Published
2019

18. Orexigenic neuropeptide 26RFa: new evidence for an adaptive profile of appetite regulation in anorexia nervosa

Author

Fauquembergue, Emilie, Toutirais, Olivier, Tougeron, David, Drouet, Aurélie, Le Gallo, Matthieu, Desille, Mireille, Cabillic, Florian, De La Pintière, Cécile Thomas, Iero, Manuela, Rivoltini, Licia, Baert-Desurmont, Stéphanie, Vaudry, Hubert, Sesboüe, Richard, Frebourg, Thierry, Latouche, Jean-Baptiste, Catros, Véronique, Gach, D, Belkacemi, D, Lefranc, R, Perlikowski, D, Masson, J., Walet-Balieu, R, Do-Rego, J., Galas, R, Schapman, D., Lamtahri, D, Tonon, D, Vaudry, D., Chuquet, J., Gach, K., Belkacemi, O., Lefranc, B., Perlikowski, P., Walet-Balieu, M.-L., Galas, L., Lamtahri, R., Tonon, M.-C., Galusca, Bogdan, Jeandel, Lydie, Germain, Natacha, Alexandre, David, Leprince, Jérôme, Anouar, Youssef, Estour, Bruno, Chartrel, Nicolas, Biothérapies Innovantes, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), CRLCC Eugène Marquis (CRLCC), Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Service de Cytogénétique et de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS Foundation, Génétique médicale et fonctionnelle du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques, Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuroendocrinologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Génétique du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques (GMFC), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine (DC2N), Endocrinologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Université de Rennes - Faculté de Médecine (UR Médecine), Université de Rennes (UR), Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)

Subjects
food intake, Anorexia Nervosa, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Clinical Biochemistry, Appetite, diazepam-binding inhibitor, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, MESH: Neuropeptides, Biochemistry, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], Medicine, Bulimia, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, MESH: Energy Metabolism, anxiety, Adaptation, Physiological, Ghrelin, Circadian Rhythm, Eating disorders, Anorexia nervosa (differential diagnoses), MESH: Young Adult, Female, medicine.symptom, MESH: Anorexia Nervosa, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, MESH: Malnutrition, Binge-Eating Disorder, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, phosphorylated peptide, MESH: Rats, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, MESH: Ghrelin, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Context (language use), 03 medical and health sciences, endozepines, Young Adult, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, Internal medicine, Orexigenic, Humans, Circadian rhythm, MESH: Bulimia, MESH: Circadian Rhythm, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Binge eating, business.industry, Biochemistry (medical), Malnutrition, Neuropeptides, MESH: Adult, MESH: Binge-Eating Disorder, medicine.disease, MESH: Adaptation, Physiological, Cross-Sectional Studies, octadecaneuropeptide, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, MESH: Appetite, business, Energy Metabolism, MESH: Female
Abstract

Restrictive anorexia nervosa (AN) presents an adaptive appetite regulating profile including mainly high levels of ghrelin. Because this adaptive mechanism is not effective on food intake, other appetite-regulating peptides need to be explored. 26RFa is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that stimulates appetite, gonadotropin release, and bone metabolism.The objective of the study was to evaluate the circadian levels of 26RFa in AN patients compared with healthy subjects, other eating disorders, and constitutional thinness (CT).This was a cross-sectional study performed in an endocrine unit and an academic laboratory.Five groups of age-matched young women were included in the study: 19 restrictive AN, 10 AN with bingeing/purging episodes, 14 with CT, 10 bulimic, and 10 normal-weight controls.Twelve-point circadian profiles of plasma 26RFa levels were measured in each subject.Significant circadian variations of 26 RFA were noticed in controls with higher values in the morning and abrupt decrease at noon. Twenty-four-hour mean 26RFa levels were significantly increased in restrictive AN and AN with bingeing/purging episodes (P0.001), predominantly in the afternoon and evening when compared with controls. Preprandial rises of 26 RFA were noticed in AN patients. Mean 26RFa levels trend to be higher in CT than in controls (P = 0.06) and significantly lower than in AN. The bulimic patients presented a circadian profile of 26RFa similar to that of controls.High levels of circulating 26RFa observed in AN patients might reflect an adaptive mechanism of the organism to promote energy intake and to increase fat stores in response to undernutrition.

Published
2012
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28. Multifactorial control of melanotropic hormone secretion

Author

Vaudry, H., primary, Lamacz, M., additional, Desrues, L., additional, Gamier, M., additional, Braun, B., additional, Galas, L., additional, Louiset, E., additional, Foil, F. Le, additional, Chartrel, N., additional, Tonon, M. C., additional, and Cazin, L., additional

Published
1995
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32. Hypothalamic Glucose-sensing: Role of Glia-to-Neuron Signaling.

Author

Tonon, M. C., Lanfray, D., Castel, H., Vaudry, H., and Morin, F.

Subjects
*GLUCOSE, *OBESITY, *NEURONS, *HOMEOSTASIS, *NEUROGLIA
Abstract

The hypothalamus senses hormones and nutrients in order to regulate energy balance. In particular, detection of hypothalamic glucose levels has been shown to regulate both feeding behavior and peripheral glucose homeostasis, and impairment of this regulatory system is believed to be involved in the development of obesity and diabetes. Several data clearly demonstrate that glial cells are key elements in the perception of glucose, constituting with neurons a "glucose-sensing unit". Characterization of this interplay between glia and neurons represents an exciting challenge, and will undoubtedly contribute to identify new candidates for therapeutic intervention. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current data that stress the importance of glia in central glucose-sensing. The nature of the glia-to-neuron signaling is discussed, with a special focus on the endozepine ODN, a potent anorexigenic peptide that is highly expressed in hypothalamic glia. Supporting Information for this article is available online at http://www.thieme-connect.de/ ejournals/toc/hmr [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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