Search

Se presenta un sistema de agricultura inteligente que integra tecnologías avanzadas como sensores inalámbricos, aprendizaje automático y automatización, con el objetivo de mejorar la eficiencia y calidad en la producción de alimentos. Se diseñó un sistema para la recolección de datos en tiempo real sobre las condiciones ambientales relevantes, permitiendo la generación de modelos predictivos que optimizan el uso de recursos naturales y mejoran la calidad y cantidad de los alimentos producidos. La metodología incluyó la selección de un área piloto, evaluación de necesidades, diseño del sistema, implementación y monitoreo. Los resultados mostraron que la implementación de este sistema podría tener un impacto positivo en la producción de alimentos, el ahorro de recursos, la creación de empleo y la mejora de la seguridad alimentaria, además de promover la innovación y el desarrollo tecnológico. Este enfoque innovador no solo busca maximizar la calidad y cantidad de las cosechas, sino que también se presenta como una solución viable para enfrentar los desafíos actuales en la producción agrícola, contribuyendo a la sostenibilidad y reduciendo el impacto ambiental. El sistema propuesto representa una oportunidad significativa para transformar la agricultura moderna, garantizando un uso más eficiente de los recursos y mejorando la seguridad alimentaria en la región.

El artículo discute la implementación de un sistema de gestión empresarial automatizado con inteligencia artificial (IA) para abordar los desafíos y problemáticas comunes en la gestión empresarial y financiera. El sistema de IA puede integrar todos los subsistemas de gestión y proporcionar una visión integral y en tiempo real de la situación financiera y operativa de la empresa. Los beneficios incluyen la optimización de recursos, la predicción de demanda, el análisis financiero avanzado y la automatización de procesos. Se analizan los principales obstáculos y desafíos en la implementación de un sistema de gestión empresarial automatizado con IA, ofreciendo un dictamen sobre la relación entre los beneficios y las dificultades de la implementación. La implementación exitosa requiere comunicar claramente los beneficios y ventajas del sistema, proporcionar capacitación y soporte continuos a los empleados, invertir en tecnología y capacitación de alta calidad, planificar cuidadosamente la integración con los procesos y sistemas existentes de la empresa, y establecer métricas y objetivos claros para medir el éxito del sistema.

La mixología es el estudio y la práctica del arte de la coctelería. Un análisis sobre el impacto del arte de mezclar en el desarrollo del turismo destaca la elaboración y producción de bebidas mezcladas, las cuales combinan una variedad de sabores para ofrecer una experiencia única al consumidor. El coctel Mary Pickford es un ejemplo destacado de la belleza y sofisticación de la coctelería, con una combinación única de sabores dulces y afrutados. De ahí que el objetivo de este artículo se encamina hacia analizar el coctel Mary Pickford con el fin de comprender los elementos que le confieren su atractivo y lo hacen inolvidable para los paladares más exigentes. Para ello se utiliza un enfoque de revisión bibliográfica para analizar la composición, historia e importancia del coctel, y se emplea una metodología mixta que combina enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos para obtener una visión completa del tema. Como resultado se explora en profundidad este coctel clásico, analiza su composición, historia e impacto en la experiencia del consumidor. Se pretende fomentar el conocimiento y la apreciación del Mary Pickford, y a su vez, inspirar a bartenders y aficionados a descubrir y disfrutar de este icónico coctel en toda su esencia.

Introducción. La paracoccidioidomicosis es una micosis sistémica y endémica en Latinoamérica. El cambio climático y el movimiento migratorio del huésped enfatizan la necesidad de optimizar el diagnóstico de esta infección. Objetivo. Evaluar la implementación de la detección de ADN de Paracoccidioides spp. al diagnóstico micológico de pacientes con sospecha de paracoccidioidomicosis. Materiales y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo con datos de laboratorio de pacientes con sospecha de paracoccidioidomicosis en un hospital de área no endémica. Resultados. Se analizaron los resultados de las muestras de 19 pacientes con sospecha clínica de paracoccidioidomicosis. El 90 % de los pacientes había nacido o visitado un área endémica de esta micosis en Latinoamérica. En 14 pacientes varones adultos se confirmó paracoccidioidomicosis por diagnóstico convencional. El examen directo fue positivo en 12 pacientes con enfermedad comprobada y en 4 de ellos se obtuvo crecimiento del hongo. Se detectaron anticuerpos contra Paracoccidioides spp. en ocho pacientes con la enfermedad. Se realizó PCR anidada con muestras de 14 pacientes para detectar ADN de Paracoccidioides spp. En 9 de los 10 pacientes con diagnóstico convencional de paracoccidioidomicosis se obtuvo una prueba de PCR positiva. Conclusiones. La implementación de técnicas moleculares para detectar ADN de Paracoccidioides spp. complementa el diagnóstico convencional de paracoccidioidomicosis y permite instaurar el tratamiento antifúngico, sobre todo en los casos clínicos donde no se observa la presencia del hongo en las muestras clínicas. La migración actual de poblaciones humanas dificulta el diagnóstico de paracoccidioidiomicosis y otras infecciones endémicas, por lo que se requiere optimizar el diagnostico micológico en los laboratorios clínicos para tratar pacientes con este tipo micosis desatendida.

Citizen science (CS) has so far failed to achieve its potential to contribute to water resource management globally despite a significant body of work proclaiming the benefits of such an approach. Also, this work has addressed concerns over precision, accuracy and reliability of methods used. This article presents the findings of a hackathon-type workshop challenge that brought together water quality experts and CS practitioners to explore barriers and possible solutions to mainstream citizen scientist-generated data into national, regional, and global reporting processes, and thereby provide a tangible connection between policy makers and community-based citizen scientists. We present the findings here as a perspective-type summary. This workshop challenge highlighted the breadth and scope of CS activities globally yet recognized that their potential for positive impact is going unrealized. The challenge team proposed that impact could be improved by: developing awareness; applying a simultaneous bottom-up/top-down approach to increase success rates; that local leaders or ‘catalysts' are key to initiate and sustain activities; that generated data need to fulfill a purpose and create required information, and ultimately, lead to actions (data > information > action); recognizing that we are all potential citizen scientists is important; recognizing that “good water quality” is subjective; and lastly that developing a communication gateway that allows bi-directional data and information transfer is essential.

Introduction and Objectives: The hepatitis A virus in our country is an endemic disease with a benign course that presents in early stages of life, generating lasting immunity so that the frequency of presentation decreases in adulthood. Serious cases often occur at the extremes of life. We have observed an increase in cases of Hepatitis A requiring hospitalization with severe liver dysfunction.This study aimed to determine the clinical, biochemical, complications, and mortality characteristics of patients with acute hepatitis A virus admitted to a tertiary-level hospital. Materials and Patients: A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective, observational study was carried out in patients with acute hepatitis A virus hospitalized in the Gastroenterology service of the Hospital de Especialidades CMN La Raza from February 2022 to April 2023. Age, gender, clinical presentation, complications, and comorbidities were assessed. The results were analyzed with relative and central frequency measures to obtain percentages, mean, and arithmetic mean. Results: 31 patients were registered, 29 men (94%) and two women (6%). The average age was 35 years (18-56). 11 patients (35%) presented acute liver failure, and 1 case was a prolonged cholestatic atypical hepatitis. The most frequent complications presented during the hospital stay were the following: coagulopathy (INR>1.5) 64%, acute kidney injury 38%, anemia 35%, encephalopathy 35% (Table 1). Mortality was 13% (4 patients) due to acute liver failure and without comorbidities. The average of relevant biochemical alterations: AST 1849 U/L, ALT 2602 U/L, total bilirubin 18.24 mg/dL, creatinine 2.05 mg/dL, INR 2.56. (Table 2). 64% of patients had no comorbidities. The comorbidities found were cirrhosis, polycystic liver disease, essential thrombocytosis, multiple sclerosis, Evans syndrome, arterial hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia and HIV. Conclusions: The presence of acute liver failure and mortality in our population was high in comparison to what has been reported in the international literature. Coagulation disorders, acute kidney injury and anemia were the most frequent complications in our cases of hepatitis A. It was relevant that most of the patients were

Introduction and Objectives: There are physiological changes in the hepatobiliary system during pregnancy. However, there are also pregnancy-related liver diseases, which occur in up to 3% of all pregnancies and can have potentially serious consequences for the mother and fetus. The most frequent are hyperemesis gravidarum, preeclampsia/eclampsia, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count syndrome (HELLP), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP). The prognosis depends on timely diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to report the epidemiological characteristics of liver diseases in a Mexican population of pregnant women. Materials and Patients: A retrospective descriptive observational study that included information collected from the electronic file of pregnant patients treated at UMAE HGO No. 3, of CMN La Raza, assessed by the Gastroenterology service of HE CMN “La Raza” in the period March 2021- May 2023. Results: 142 patients were included, the mean age was 30 years, 54% were multiparous women, 8.4% of the patients were in the first trimester, 27% in the second trimester and 64% in the third trimester. In our total sample, alterations in liver biochemistry that met clinical and biochemical criteria for pregnancy-associated liver disease were analyzed, where 49% reported hypertransaminasaemia due to etiologies such as preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and biliary pathology, 41% met criteria for ICP, 6% hyperemesis gravidarum, 1.4% were diagnosed with portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis, only 0.7% were diagnosed with autoimmune hepatitis and AFLP. Conclusions: Based on solicited assessments over a 2-year period of women at any stage of pregnancy, hospitalized due to changes in liver biochemistry, most changes occurred In the third trimester of pregnancy, the most frequent disorder was intrahepatic cholestasis of the pregnancy, the rest of the pathologies were included in the hypertransaminasaemia group, where the most frequent causes were: MAFLD and cholelithiasis, less frequently: preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome or intrahepatic bile duct disorders.

Introduction and Objectives: : Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease, there are approximately 71 million infected individuals worldwide, up to 40% of them will have spontaneous resolution and60% will develop chronic infection with risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.In Mexico it is the fourth cause of death and one of the main causes of disability. Current HCV treatment with direct-acting antivirals (ADDs) has a high rate of sustained viral response that ensures the cure of the infection, decreases the progression of liver fibrosis and decompensation rates in patients with cirrhosis. This study aimed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with chronic HCV infection, treated at a third-level care hospital in Mexico City. Materials and Patients: A retrospective cohort study in a part of the patients from the HCV clinic of an IMSS third-levelhospital, which included cases with confirmed HCV infection, who received treatment with direct-acting antivirals +/- ribavirin, in the period of 2017-2022. Results: Data from 222 treated patients was collected; a mean age of 53 years was reported, with a male-female ratio of 1:1. Among candidates for treatment with direct-acting antivirals 50.5% had advanced chronic liver disease at the time of diagnosis. Of these patients 76.1% were classified as a compensated chronic liver disease with a stage of Child Pugh A and 86.7% had a MELD-Na score of less than 14 points. The sustained virologic response rate in this population was 99%. Conclusions: It was observed that the collected treated population was on average in the sixth decade of life, with no gender predilection. Half of this population had advanced chronic liver disease at the time of diagnosis and initiation of treatment with direct antivirals. The majority of patients were in a compensated stage by Child Pugh, and showed a low MELD-Na score which was favorable for follow-up and subsequent management.

We propose a new methodology to transform a time series into an ordered sequence of any entropic and information functionals, providing a novel tool for data analysis. To achieve this, a new algorithm has been designed to optimize the Probability Density Function (PDF) associated with a time signal in the context of non-parametric Kernel Density Estimation (KDE). We illustrate the applicability of this method for anomaly detection in time signals. Specifically, our approach combines a non-parametric kernel density estimator with overlapping windows of various scales. Regarding the parameters involved in the KDE, it is well-known that bandwidth tuning is crucial for the kernel density estimator. To optimize it for time-series data, we introduce an adaptive solution based on Jensen–Shannon divergence, which adjusts the bandwidth for each window length to balance overfitting and underfitting. This solution selects unique bandwidth parameters for each window scale. Furthermore, it is implemented offline, eliminating the need for online optimization for each time-series window. To validate our methodology, we designed a synthetic experiment using a non-stationary signal generated by the composition of two stationary signals and a modulation function that controls the transitions between a normal and an abnormal state, allowing for the arbitrary design of various anomaly transitions. Additionally, we tested the methodology on real scalp-EEG data to detect epileptic crises. The results show our approach effectively detects and characterizes anomaly transitions. The use of overlapping windows at various scales significantly enhances detection ability, allowing for the simultaneous analysis of phenomena at different scales.

Coccidiomycosis is a potentially life-threatening fungal infection endemic to certain regions of Argentina. The infection is caused by Coccidioides spp. and is primarily diagnosed by Coccidioides antibody (Ab) detection. Access to rapid, highly accurate diagnostic testing is critical to ensure prompt antifungal therapy. The sōna Coccidioides Ab Lateral Flow Assay (LFA) performs faster and requires less laboratory infrastructure and equipment compared with other Ab detection assays, potentially providing a substantial improvement for rapid case screening in coccidioidomycosis-endemic regions; however, validation of this test is needed. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of the sōna Coccidioides Ab (LFA) and compare agreement with anti-Coccidioides Ab detection assays. A total of 103 human sera specimens were tested, including 25 specimens from patients with coccidioidomycosis and 78 from patients without coccidioidomycosis. The sōna Coccidioides Ab Lateral Flow Assay (LFA) was performed with a sensitivity of 88%, and specificity and accuracy of 87%. Furthermore, the Coccidioides Ab LFA had good agreement with other anti-Coccidioides Ab detection assays. Our findings suggest the sōna Coccidioides Ab LFA has satisfactory performance and may be useful for diagnosing coccidioidomycosis in endemic regions.

Breast cancer (BC) affects millions of women worldwide, causing over 500,000 deaths annually. It is the leading cause of cancer mortality in women, with 70% of deaths occurring in developing countries. Elastography, which evaluates tissue stiffness, is a promising real-time minimally invasive technique for BC diagnosis. This study assessed strain elastography (SE) and the fat-to-lesion (F/L) index for BC diagnosis. This prospective study included 216 women who underwent SE, ultrasound, mammography, and breast biopsy (108 malignant, 108 benign). Three expert radiologists performed imaging and biopsies. Mean F/L index was 3.70 ± 2.57 for benign biopsies and 18.10 ± 17.01 for malignant. We developed two predictive models: a logistic regression model with AUC 0.893, 79.63% sensitivity, 87.62% specificity, 86.9% positive predictive value (+PV), and 80.7% negative predictive value (−PV); and a neural network with AUC 0.902, 80.56% sensitivity, 88.57% specificity, 87.9% +PV, and 81.6% −PV. The optimal Youden F/L index cutoff was >5.76, with 84.26% sensitivity and specificity. The F/L index positively correlated with BI-RADS (Spearman’s r = 0.073, p < 0.001) and differed among molecular subtypes (Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0.002). SE complements mammography for BC diagnosis. With adequate predictive capacity, SE is fast, minimally invasive, and useful when mammography is contraindicated.

El presente artículo no busca ser una muestra representativa del fenómeno de los memes en internet. Sin embargo, nos proponemos indagar en la utilización que hacen los usuarios de ciertos memes en redes sociales. Para esto decidimos analizar algunos ejemplos a la luz de la teoría multimodal y la narrativa, con el fin de poder dilucidar las estrategias argumentativas y retoricas que utilizan los sujetos a la hora de producir y utilizar los memes en redes.

Tenacibaculum maritimum, the etiological agent of tenacibaculosis in marine fish, constitutively secretes extracellular products (ECPs) in which protein content has not been yet comprehensively studied. In this work, the prevalence of extracellular proteolytic and lipolytic activities related to virulence was analyzed in 64 T. maritimum strains belonging to the O1–O4 serotypes. The results showed the existence of a great intra-specific heterogeneity in the enzymatic capacity, particularly within serotype O4. Thus, the secretome of a strain belonging to this serotype was characterized by analyzing the protein content of ECPs and the possible production of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Notably, the ECPs of T. maritimum SP9.1 contain a large amount of OMVs that were characterized by electron microscopy and purified. Thus, ECPs were divided into soluble (S-ECPs) and insoluble fractions (OMVs), and their protein content was analyzed by a high-throughput proteomic approach. A total of 641 proteins were identified in ECPs including some virulence-related factors, which were mainly found in one of the fractions, either OMVs or S-ECPs. Outer membrane proteins such as TonB-dependent siderophore transporters and the type IX secretion system (T9SS)-related proteins PorP, PorT, and SprA appeared to be mainly associated with OMVs. By contrast, putative virulence factors such as sialidase SiaA, chondroitinase CslA, sphingomyelinase Sph, ceramidase Cer, and collagenase Col were found only in the S-ECPs. These findings clearly demonstrate that T. maritimum releases, through surface blebbing, OMVs specifically enriched in TonB-dependent transporters and T9SS proteins. Interestingly, in vitro and in vivo assays also showed that OMVs could play a key role in virulence by promoting surface adhesion and biofilm formation and maximizing the cytotoxic effects of the ECPs. The characterization of T. maritimum secretome provides insights into ECP function and can constitute the basis for future studies aimed to elucidate the full role of OMVs in the pathogenesis of fish tenacibaculosis.

According to the Adoption Problem (AP) certain basic logical principles cannot be adopted. Drawing on the AP, Suki Finn presents an argument against logical pluralism: Modus Ponens (MP) and Universal Instantiation (UI) both govern a general structure shared by every logical rule. As such, analogues of these two rules must be present in every meta-logic for any logical system L, effectively imposing a restriction to logical pluralism at the meta-level through their presence constituting a “meta-logical monism”. We find a tension in the dual role that the “unadoptable rules” must play in Finn’s “meta-logical monism” rendering it ineffective to restrict logical theories and systems. Consequently, we argue they cannot be both analogues of MP and UI and inferentially productive. We conclude with a series of suggestions regarding where a more satisfying and robust interpretation of the AP could lie.

Condensins are large protein complexes required for chromosome assembly and segregation during mitosis and meiosis. Mouse or bovine embryos lacking SMC2 (a core component of condensins I and II) do not complete development to term, but it is unknown when they arrest their development. Herein, we have assessed the developmental ability of bovine embryos lacking SMC2 due to a naturally occurring mutation termed HH3 (Holstein Haplotype 3) or by CRISPR-mediated gene ablation. To determine if embryos homozygous for the HH3 allele survive to maternal recognition of pregnancy, embryonic day (E)14 embryos were flushed from superovulated carrier cows inseminated with a carrier bull. Mendelian inheritance of the HH3 allele was observed at E14 conceptuses but conceptuses homozygous for HH3 failed to achieve elongation and lacked an embryonic disc. To assess the consequence of the ablation of condensins I and II at earlier developmental stages, SMC2 KO bovine embryos were generated in vitro using CRISPR technology. SMC2 KO embryos were able to form blastocysts but exhibited reduced cell proliferation as evidenced by a significantly lower number of total, trophectoderm (CDX2+), and inner cell mass (SOX2+) cells at Day (D) 8 post-fertilization compared to their WT counterparts and were unable to survive to D12 in vitro. SMC2 ablation did not alter relative telomere length at D8, D12, or E14. In conclusion, condensins I and II are required for blastomere mitosis during early development, and embryos lacking those complexes arrest their development shortly after blastocyst hatching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El trabajo tiene como objetivo elevar la preparación de los maestros para prevenir los trastornos de la conducta en escolares primarios. Insiste en la necesidad del cuidado y atención que hay que prestar a la conducta de los escolares más vulnerables, para evitar que se conviertan en individuos socialmente reprobables e inadaptados, que alteren el orden y la tranquilidad ciudadana. La investigación se sustenta desde los fundamentos pedagógicos, psicológicos, sociológicos, fisiológicos. Se utilizan métodos como la observación, la entrevista, la encuesta. Facilita a los maestros herramientas para desarrollar un proceso educativo que permita la prevención, diagnóstico y atención temprana de niños, adolescentes y jóvenes con dificultades en la conducta.