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Purpose In artistic gymnastics (AG) and trampoline (TR ), athletes must be able to combine strength, flexibility, and artistry. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of classical music on balance, emotional state, and perceived effort in precompetitive AG and TR athletes after a 6-week intervention training program. Methods The sample consisted of 36 athletes (20 AG and 16 TR athletes) who were randomly divided into two equal groups: experimental (with music) and control (without music). Balance ability was assessed with the Balance Error Scoring System (static balance) and the Y-balance test (dynamic balance). Before and after the intervention, participants completed the RPE-FS questionnaire which included a perceived fatigue scale (PFS) and an emotion scale (ES) to assess perceived fatigue (PF) and emotional state. The total sample followed a 6-week intervention training program, twice per week. TR athletes performed all exercises on a TR , whereas AG athletes performed their exercises on the floor. During the 6 weeks, the athletes completed the questionnaire before and after each training session. Results The results showed a statistically significant improvement in static and dynamic balance in female athletes of both sports ( p < 0.05), with the percentage of improvement in AG athletes being comparatively higher than that of TR athletes. There were also significant differences in individual measures of emotional state and perceived fatigue in the examined sample. Conclusions Classical music differentiates the rate of performance improvement in precompetitive young female athletes in these two sports.

Atlanto-axial rotary subluxation (AARS) is rare but recognized as a significant cervical spine injury following a fall or physical impact on the head or neck in children aged 5–15 years. Trampoline use has been increasing among children, as have the trampoline-related injuries (TRI). We present a case series of AARS following trampoline injuries, highlighting clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management, especially in an emergency setting. We report four children with an average age of 8.5 years (range 6–12 years) presented to our hospital emergency service with neck pain and torticollis following a TRI. The diagnosis was confirmed through X-ray and computed tomography imaging, revealing Fielding and Hawkins type 1 AARS. Conservative treatment with analgesics, muscle relaxants, and a cervical collar led to recovery in three cases, while one required halter cervical traction for persistent deformity. All patients recovered completely, with no long-term complications. AARS in children is largely a type 1 injury with a favorable prognosis. Early recognition and management are crucial in preventing complications. The increasing incidence of neck injuries caused by trampoline use in children necessitates strict safety regulations regarding its use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study applied grey relational analysis to assess the relationship between individual trampoline event scores and overall performance of top male and female athletes in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Analyzing execution, horizontal, difficulty, timing of flight, and total scores, results showed males excelled significantly in difficulty, timing, and overall performance, while execution and horizontal scores were comparable. For males, timing of flight (excluding outliers) had the greatest influence on total score, followed by difficulty and execution. In females, difficulty dominated, followed by timing and horizontal, with execution least impactful. The study highlighted the primary roles of timing and difficulty scores in overall trampoline performance, with gender variations in score contributions. The findings illuminated the interplay of score components, offering a theoretical framework for targeted trampoline training. For international athletes, key considerations included boosting height index for a robust trampoline foundation; tailoring difficulty levels to athletes' abilities while adhering to scoring rules, without sacrificing technical prowess; and sustaining training to refine quality and stability of routines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In snowboard freestyle disciplines, the amount of rotation is commonly determined as the sum of rotations around all board axes and is the most important indicator of the trick difficulty across all snowboard freestyle disciplines. Based on the type of rotation, tricks can be classified as flatspins, corks and flips. It is not yet known whether the type of rotation of a trick can influence the actual amount of rotation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the amount of deviation, defined as difference between measured and assumed amount of rotation as a function of trick classification, using kinematic motion analysis. The amount of deviation was positive for flatspins (median: 21°; min: −4°; max: 49°) and negative for corks (median: −25°; min: −89°; max: 12°) and flips (median: −28°; min: −94°; max: 13°). Our results demonstrate that there are ways of execution where riders perform corks and flips with a shortcut and flatspins with a detour. This should be taken into account by judges, coaches and riders. Further research is needed to investigate how the shortcut can be influenced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to identify the effect of complex training on some of the physical requirements for junior trampoline gymnasts from 9 to 12 years old. The experimental approach was used using an experimental design with a pre-post measurement for one group. The research sample included (14) junior trampoline gymnasts at the Staff Club at the College of Education. During the sports season for boys in Alexandria (2023- 2024), the researcher applied the proposed program for a period of 12 weeks, with 3 weekly training units, taking into account the gradual increase in the training load and taking into account the characteristics of the age group of the research sample. After applying the program, it was achieved -The proposed complex training program, to which the research sample was subjected, has a positive impact on improving the physical tests under study. -The proposed complex training program, which the research sample underwent, has a positive impact on improving the flight time of the research sample. Based on these results, the researcher recommends the following: - Guided by the scientific foundations that were used in designing the proposed training program, which includes complex exercises, to improve the level of physical abilities of trampoline gymnasts. - Directing the results to those working in the gymnastics field to benefit from them in various training programs. - Conducting further research to study the feasibility of developing complex training on the performance of gymnastics skills [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Walking ability is a crucial factor for recovery and rehabilitation of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of rebound therapy on walking parameters in SCI patients. Thirty members of Isfahan Spinal Cord Injury Association participated in this experimental study using a convenience sampling method. This study was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Isfahan (IR.UI.REC.1400.118). The participants were randomly assigned to control and rebound groups using a matched randomization method. Data were collected before and after 12 weeks of rebound therapy exercise (three sessions per week) in the walking laboratory, using a seven-camera 3D motion capturing system (Qualisys motion analysis). The final data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS software (significance level p <.05). Rebound therapy training significantly improved all dependent variables (p <.05) except hip rotation, indicating its effectiveness for enhancing walking ability. Given the importance of walking function, we recommend the use of rebound therapy training as an exercise rehabilitation method for spinal cord injury patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Sport Exercise & Training Sciences (IJSETS) / Uluslararasi Spor Egzersiz ve Antrenman Bilimi Dergisi (USEABD) is the property of International Journal of Sport Exercise & Training Sciences (IJSETS) / Uluslararasi Spor Egzersiz v) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose. In artistic gymnastics (AG) and trampoline (TR), athletes must be able to combine strength, flexibility, and artistry. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of classical music on balance, emotional state, and perceived effort in precompetitive AG and TR athletes after a 6-week intervention training program. Methods. The sample consisted of 36 athletes (20 AG and 16 TR athletes) who were randomly divided into two equal groups: experimental (with music) and control (without music). Balance ability was assessed with the Balance Error Scoring System (static balance) and the Y-balance test (dynamic balance). Before and after the intervention, participants completed the RPE-FS questionnaire which included a perceived fatigue scale (PFS) and an emotion scale (ES) to assess perceived fatigue (PF) and emotional state. The total sample followed a 6-week intervention training program, twice per week. TR athletes performed all exercises on a TR, whereas AG athletes performed their exercises on the floor. During the 6 weeks, the athletes completed the questionnaire before and after each training session. Results. The results showed a statistically significant improvement in static and dynamic balance in female athletes of both sports (p < 0.05), with the percentage of improvement in AG athletes being comparatively higher than that of TR athletes. There were also significant differences in individual measures of emotional state and perceived fatigue in the examined sample. Conclusions. Classical music differentiates the rate of performance improvement in precompetitive young female athletes in these two sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Exercise training is important to reduce the physical performance disorders among mentally retarted children. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of two combined exercise trainings (trampoline-racquet and rope skipping-racquet) on physical fitness indicators and movement ability among mentally retarded children. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four mentally retarded male students, aged 8-15 y., with an IQ of 50 to 70 were purposefully selected and randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control (each eight persons). One of the experimental groups performed trampoline-racquet training, and the second group performed rope-racquet training (eight-week, three sessions per week, 60 min in each session). The control group did not participate in the intervention exercise and followed the school's regular training programs. Before and after the exercise trainings, physical fitness and mobility tests were taken from all subjects. Analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni's tests were used for data analysis at a significance level of p≤0.05. Results: Both exercise trainings improved static balance with eyes closed, dynamic balance, abdominal muscle endurance, lower limb muscle power, and motor ability compared to the control group, but there was no significant difference between the two training programs. Moreover, the static balance index of the left leg with eyes open and explosive power was significantly improved only in the rope skipping-rocket group compared to the trampoline-rocket and also the control group; while there was no significant differences between the indicators of cardiorespiratory fitness and hand muscle power between the three groups. Conclusion: Studies suggest that exercise training programs can improve physical fitness and mobility in mentally retarded children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science of Gymnastics Journal is the property of Science of Gymnastics Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tadbir Muwahhid is the property of Universitas Djuanda and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of rhythmic exercises with music on the trampoline on motor ability and balance of educable mentally retarded children. Methods: This research used a semi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test designs for two experimental and control groups. The statistical sample of the research was 30 educable mentally retarded children who were 9-10 years and were selected as available. Bruininks-Oseretsky (BOTMP), time up and get (TUG) tests were used to measure fine motor skills and balance, respectively. Using the counterbalance method. The experimental group performed exercises on a trampoline for eight weeks, and the control group did not receive any intervention. After the intervention, apost-test similar to the pre-test was conducted. After six months, the follow-up period was taken from samples of both groups. Results: The results of Mixed ANOVA showed that rhythmic exercises with music on the trampoline had a significant effect on children's fine motor skills and balance from pre-test to post-test, so 91% of the changes in children's fine motor skills and balance were influenced by rhythmic exercises on the trampoline. Conclusion: In the follow-up test after six months, there was no significant difference in fine motor skills between the two groups. The balance of the experimental group was better than that of the control group. So, it can be said that rhythmic exercises with music on the trampoline are effective in the rehabilitation of educable mentally retarded children, and this method can be used in the movement rehabilitation of these children in schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has shown that learning procedural tasks enhances REM sleep the following night. Here, we investigate whether complex motor learning affects sleep architecture. An experiment in which twenty-two subjects either learned a motor task (trampolining) or engaged in a control task (ergometer) was carried out in a balanced within-group design. After an initial laboratory adaptation night, two experimental nights were consecutive. The results indicate that learning a motor task had an effect on REM sleep parameters and, therefore, support the hypothesis that learning a procedural skill is related to an increase in REM sleep parameters. However, the statistical effect on REM sleep is smaller than found in previous studies. One might speculate that the motor learning was not intense enough compared to other studies. For sports practice, the results suggest that REM sleep, which is particularly rich in the morning, plays an important role in motor memory consolidation. Thus, this phase should not be interrupted after complex motor skill learning sessions. In future studies, other motor tasks should be applied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

e evaluation rules for trampoline gymnastics were revised by the technical committee post-Tokyo 2020 Olympics, notably affecting the qualifying round. Previously, only four elements were considered for difficulty points in the first routine, but now all elements count in both routines. To assess the impact, data from the 28th/29th FIG Trampoline Gymnastics World Age Group Competitions and 35th/36th FIG Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships in 2021/2022 were analyzed. A t-test compared scores in Execution (E), Difficulty (D), Time Of Flight (TOF), and Horizontal Displacement (HD) between 2021 and 2022. In the senior men's category, average values increased in D, HD, and total scores in 2022, with significant differences in Execution and near-significant in TOF scores. Across all other categories, mean values of D, E, TOF, HD, and total scores rose in 2022, though without statistical significance. The trend towards higher scores under the new rules suggests their influence, yet unexplored factors may also play a role. Further research is needed for a comprehensive understanding.

Trampolines are recognized as a valuable tool in exercise and rehabilitation due to their unique properties like elasticity, rebound force, low-impact exercise, and enhancement of posture, balance, and cardiopulmonary function. To quantitatively assess the effects of trampoline exercises, it is essential to estimate factors such as stiffness, elements influencing jump dynamics, and user safety. Previous studies assessing trampoline characteristics had limitations in performing repetitive experiments at various locations on the trampoline. Therefore, this research introduces a robotic system equipped with foot-shaped jigs to evaluate trampoline stiffness and quantitatively measure exercise effects. This system, through automated, repetitive movements at various locations on the trampoline, accurately measures the elastic coefficient and vertical forces. The robot maneuvers based on the coordinates of the trampoline, as determined by its torque and position sensors. The force sensor measures data related to the force exerted, along with the vertical force data at X, Y, and Z coordinates. The model's accuracy was evaluated using linear regression based on Hooke's Law, with Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Correlation Coefficient Squared (R-squared) metrics. In the analysis including only the distance between X and the foot-shaped jigs, the average MAE, RMSE, and R-squared values were 17.9702, 21.7226, and 0.9840, respectively. Notably, expanding the model to include distances in X, Y, and between the foot-shaped jigs resulted in a decrease in MAE to 15.7347, RMSE to 18.8226, and an increase in R-squared to 0.9854. The integrated model, including distances in X, Y, and between the foot-shaped jigs, showed improved predictive capability with lower MAE and RMSE and higher R-squared, indicating its effectiveness in more accurately predicting trampoline dynamics, vital in fitness and rehabilitation fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to identify the effect of developing some combinatorial abilities on the level of compulsory sentence performance for female trampoline gymnasts under the age of 11. The experimental approach was used using an experimental design with a pre-post measurement for one group. The research sample included (10) female trampoline gymnasts at the Staff Club at the College of Education. Boys’ Sports Club in Alexandria and the Sudanese General Union Club in Cairo for the sports season (2022-2023), born in (2013). After implementing the program, it was achieved The proposed program, which was the subject of the research, has a positive impact on improving the combinatorial capabilities under research. The proposed program for developing some combinatorial abilities, to which the research sample was subjected, has a positive impact on the level of performance of the compulsory sentence for female trampoline gymnasts. Based on these results, the researcher recommends the following: - Guided by the scientific foundations that were used in designing the proposed training program, which includes exercises to develop combinatorial abilities, to improve the level of trampoline gymnastics skills. Directing the results to those working in the gymnastics field to benefit from them in various training programs. Conducting further research to study the feasibility of developing coordination abilities on the practical performance of gymnastics skills Strengthening the practical performance of all gymnastics skills by developing combinatorial abilities, because of its impact on improving the performance of the skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to identify the effect of developing the strength and stability of the center muscles on improving the level of performance of the cody skill for trampoline gymnasts, the experimental approach was using the experimental design with pre-post-measurement for one group, the research sample consisted of (۱۱) second-class (junior) players and under years old, for trampoline gymnastics at the Staff Club of the Faculty of Physical Education for Boys in Alexandria and the Sudanese General Union Club in Cairo, season ۲۰۲۲-۲۰۲۳, after applying the program, it was reached: The program of strength and stability of the muscles of the center, which was subjected to the same research, has a positive effect on all physical measurements under study. - The program of strength and stability of the muscles of the center, which the research sample was subjected, has a positive effect on the performance level of the cody skill for the research sampl Through these results, the researcher recommends the following: Be guided by the scientific foundations that were used in designing the proposed training program, which includes strength and stability exercises for the center muscles, for trampoline gymnastics skills. Directing the findings to gymnastics workers to benefit from them in various training programs. Conducting more research to study the feasibility of developing the strength and stability of the core muscles, on the practical performance of gymnastics skills Strengthening the practical performance of all gymnastics skills with strength and stability exercises for the center muscles, because of its impact on improving the performance of the skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between the landing position during consecutive straight jumps and standing posture stability of trampoline gymnasts with stable occlusal balance. Participants were 10 healthy men (BMI: 18.5–25.0) and 10 trampoline gymnasts (competition experience: ≥12 years), all of whom had stable occlusal balance. To assess postural control function, the displacements in the forward–backward (COP-FB) and the left–right directions (COP-LR) of the center of foot pressure were recorded under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. For the trampoline gymnasts, landing positions during 10 consecutive straight jumps were recorded. The horizontal displacements from the center of the bed in the forward–backward (H-FB) and the left–right directions (H-LR) directions were recorded. Differences in COP displacement between participant groups and between visual conditions were analyzed, along with the correlations between COP displacement and landing position. COP-FB in the eyes-open condition was significantly smaller in trampoline gymnasts than in healthy men (p < 0.05). Significant strong positive correlations were observed between COP-FB and H-FB, and between COP-LR and H-LR (p < 0.05). The postural control function of trampoline gymnasts was superior to that of healthy men in the eyes-open condition. The landing position during straight jumps of trampoline gymnasts with stable occlusal balance reflects standing postural control function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The task of the judge of difficulty in trampoline gymnastics is to check the elements and difficulty values entered on the competition cards and the difficulty of each element according to a numeric system. To do this, the judge must count all somersaults and twists for each jump during a routine and thus record the difficulty of the routine. This assessment can be automated with the help of inertial measurement units (IMUs) and facilitate the judges' task during the competition. Currently, there is no known reliable method for the automated detection and recognition of the various elements to determine the difficulty of an exercise in trampoline gymnastics. Accordingly, a total of 2076 jumps and 50 different jump types were recorded over the course of several training sessions. In the first instance, 10 different jump types were used to train different machine learning (ML) models. Eight ML models were used for the automatic jump classification. Supervised learning approaches include a naive classifier, deep feedforward neural network, convolutional neural network, k‑nearest neighbors, Gaussian naive Bayes, support-vector classification, gradient boosting classifier, and stochastic gradient descent. When all classifiers were compared for accuracy, i.e., how many jumps were correctly detected by the ML model, the deep feedforward neural network and the convolutional neural network provided the best matches with 96.4 and 96.1%, respectively. The findings of this study will help to develop the automated classification of sensor-based data to support the judge and, simultaneously, for automated training logging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: lack of time to perform physical exercise in a specific or isolated way entails that it is mixed with leisure activities. Therefore, during the last decade, trampoline parks have gained popularity. These are mostly made up of trampolines, which are horizontal elastic structures that are placed at a certain height on a platform to be used as a spring and propelled to jump. In these leisure centers, more and more children and adults are enjoying this type of activities, so they are familiar with them. Objective: to conduct a systematic review about the benefits that can be obtained in the field of physiotherapy through the use of a trampoline. Material and method: a bibliographic search was carried out in the databases Medline, PEDro, Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science using the terms Medical Subject Headings (Mesh) Rehabilitation and the keywords Trampoline and Physical Therapy. Results: once the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, 11 RCTs were obtained that used trampoline in their interventions. These studies have demonstrating benefits improving balance, postural control, lower limb strength and metabolic changes, both in healthy patients and in patients with pathologies or elderly people. Conclusion: the trampoline has been shown to have benefits for all the variables analyzed, improving the adherence to treatment in both healthy and unhealthy subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To resolve the impairments associated with spinal cord injury (SCI), such as decreased balance, patients have been recommended to undergo various therapeutic strategies, including the use of different physical exercise methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of using rebound therapy (exercise on a trampoline) on SCI individuals' static stability. Methods: Sixteen people with SCI (American Spinal Cord Association classification: A = 6, B = 6, C = 2, and D = 2) were randomly assigned to an experimental (rebound exercise) group or a control group. The rebound therapy exercise program, lasting 12 weeks, was performed by means of a modified trampoline. During the said period, the experimental group received rebound therapy exercise for 10 to 30 minutes 3 sessions a week. Standing stability parameters (ie, excursion, velocity, and path length of the center of pressure in mediolateral and anteroposterior plane) were assessed before and after the exercise intervention by Kistler force plate (50 × 60 cm). Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: Significant interactions were observed for all 6 dependent variables except excursion of the center of pressure in mediolateral and the path length of center of pressure in anteroposterior plane (P <.01). This means that the control group had no progress, whereas the experimental group made a significant improvement in terms of static stability. Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed that rebound therapy could reinforce the static stability of individuals with SCI during motionless standing. It suggests that rebound exercise is a useful sports rehabilitation method for patients with SCI and other wheelchair-bound individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a common injury among athletes. Research has reported reduced dorsiflexion range of motion, impairment of proprioception, and decreased muscle strength of the ankle in people with CAI. The aim of this research was to examine the effects of 8-week core stability training on stable and unstable surfaces on ankle muscular strength, proprioception, and dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) in athletes with CAI. Thirty-six athletes with CAI (age 22.42 ± 2.76 years; height 169.11 ± 3.52 cm; weight 68.46 ± 2.75 kg) participated in this study. They were divided into three groups: unstable-surface group (UG) (n = 12), stable-surface group (SG) (n = 12), and control group (CG) (n = 12). The UG and SG performed the core stability exercise protocol for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week. The CG received their usual care and daily activities. Outcomes were measured pre-sessions and post-sessions. The peak torque showed significant increases in the UG and SG compared with the CG during plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, inversion, and eversion (P < 0.05). There were also significant increases in UG compared with SG (P < 0.05). The proprioception showed significant decreases in UG compared with SG and CG (P < 0.05). The dorsiflexion ROM showed significant increases in UG and SG compared with CG. There were also significant increases in UG compared with SG (P < 0.05). It seems that core stability exercises on trampoline surface helps improve the measured parameters in athletes with ankle instability. Therefore, this type of training is recommended as a therapeutic option for Individuals with CAI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to identify the effect of trampoline exercises on the maximum oxygen consumption and muscle strength of obese from 20 – 30 years. The research was applied to a sample of 25 women, including 10 women for the exploratory experiment and 15 women for the basic sample, The most important results showed that the training program using the trampoline had a positive effect in improving the ratios of both the maximum oxygen consumption and muscle strength on the experimental research sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective : The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between occlusal state and the landing position of elite-level trampoline gymnasts, and to verily the effect on the H-score, which marks the point of horizontal movement from the center of the bed. Method : The subjects were 10 male trampoline gymnasts (18.9±0.8 years). Dental Prescale was used to evaluate the occlusal state, and the left-right difference in occlusal contact area and occlusal force were determined. Landing position was evaluated by using the HDTS trampoline measurement system (EU-7100). Ten consecutive straight jumps were regarded as one attempt. For the distance from the center of the bed to the left and right directions at the time of landing, the total distance per attempt (SJ-H) and the standard deviation of 10 jumps (SJ-H-SD) were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using the partial correlation coefficient between the left-right difference in occlusal contact area and SJ-H or SJ-H-SD, and between the left-right difference in occlusal force and SJ-H or SJ-H-SD. Results : A significant positive correlation was found between the left-right difference in occlusal contact area and SJ-H or SJ-H-SD (p<0.05). SJ-H or SJ-H-SD was smaller when the left-right difference in occlusal contact area was smaller. No significant correlation was found between the left-right difference in occlusal force and SJ-H or SJ-H-SD. Conclusion : The results of this study suggested that there is a relationship between the landing position and occlusal contact state during trampoline competitions. It was clarified that the landing position converges to the center of the bed when the left-right difference in occlusal contact area of the gymnast is small, that is, when the occlusal contact state is even. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: Trampoline fractures (proximal tibia fracture with positive anterior tilt) are increasing. This study represents the first attempt to determine the extent of remodeling in these fractures after conservative treatment (2) Methods: This Swiss prospective multicenter study included children aged 2 to 5 years with a trampoline fracture who were radiologically examined on the day of the accident and after one year. In addition, the anterior tilt angle was compared between the injured and unaffected tibia. Remodeling was defined as complete (final anterior tilt angle ≤ 0°), incomplete (smaller but still >0°), or no remodeling. (3) Results: The mean extent of remodeling was −3.5° (95% CI: −4.29°, −2.66°, p < 0.001). Among the 89 children included in the study, 26 (29.2%) showed complete, 63 (70.8%) incomplete, and 17 patients (19.1%) no remodeling. Comparison of the anterior tilt angles between the fractured and healthy tibia showed that the anterior tilt angle on the fractured leg was, on average larger by 2.82° (95% CI: 2.01°, 3.63°; p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Although the anterior tilt angle decreased during the study period, the majority of patients showed incomplete remodeling. In contrast, children with radiological examinations >1 year after the trauma showed advanced remodeling, suggesting that one year is too short to observe complete remodeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the relationship between jumping-motion and muscle activity during somersaults on a trampoline. Participants were 10 trampoline athletes (3 high-level and 7 middle-level). As for the protocol, the athletes performed a jump continuation of the jumping tucked backward somersault (Back) and the tucked forward somersault with half twist (Barani) on a trampoline. It was measured using an electromyogram (EMG) and video analysis. The jump was defined as “100 ms before touch” 100 ms before the subject landing on the trampoline bed and “Touch” at the moment of landing and “Lowest” at the moment of going down most and “Take off” at the moment of taking off. They were defined as “Before touch phase” from “100 ms before touch” to “Touch”, as “Down phase” from “Touch” to “Lowest”, and as “Upward phase” from “Lowest” to “Take off”. As a result, the trunk inclination angles of both the high- and middle-levels regarding the Back (middle-level 4.3±1.3°, high-level 7.0±2.4°) and the Barani (middle-level 9.2±1.7°, high-level 9.4±1.7°) during the Lowest phase were forward. There were no significant differences. The EMG amplitude of the rectus abdominis (p < 0.05) during the Upward phase and the erector spinae (p < 0.01) during the Before touch phase were significantly higher at the high-level. The trunk was inclined by using the erector spinae such as the high-level between Before 100ms touch and Lowest. Stabilization of the trunk by the activity of the rectus abdominis was the efficient movement of the lower extremity during the Upward phase.

Copyright of Science of Gymnastics Journal is the property of Science of Gymnastics Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: The introduction and increasing popularity of indoor trampoline facilities has seen increases in the incidence of trampoline park injuries (TPIs), particularly amongst the paediatric population. A challenge to the development of effective injury prevention interventions is the limited study pool of detailed activity and outcome data to provide better understanding of the characteristics of injurious events., Methods: A cross-sectional study of individuals under 16 years of age hospitalised after TPI from November 2018 to December 2021 was conducted. Patient demographics and TPI characteristics were collected through prospective case notifications from clinicians across Australia, via the Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit. Additional data were collected using retrospective medical record review at two major paediatric centres in Australia., Results: In total, 48 cases of TPIs were reported: median age was 9.5 years with 28 (58.3%) being males. The most common injury mechanism was a fall on the trampoline (n = 34, 72.3%). The most commonly injured body region was upper limb (n = 27, 56.3%), followed by lower limb (n = 11, 22.9%): all limb injuries involved a fracture. Most patients required operative intervention (n = 37, 90.2%)., Conclusions: The results from this study suggest that serious injuries continue to occur at trampoline parks, and thus remain an injury concern that requires attention. This issue needs to be addressed with consistent application of the Australian Standard, along with other injury prevention initiatives., (© 2025 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (The Royal Australasian College of Physicians).)

Objective: Trampolines are popular among children, but trampoline injuries constitute a large number of emergency department visits. The purpose of this study was to determine how often neck injuries occur among children with trampoline-related injuries and to identify the mechanism of injury., Methods: We analyzed the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database to characterize patient demographics, injury types, injury subsite, and emergency department disposition status associated with trampoline related neck injuries between 2012 and 2021 in the United States. We utilized NEISS code 89 (neck) and code 1233 (trampoline) for our query along and identified patients between 0 and 19 years., Results: Of the 33,929 trampoline injuries, 1436 injuries involved the neck (4.2 %). The overall mean age was 8.0 ± 4.1 years and there were 17,728 (52 %) males and 16,201 (48 %) females in the group. Mean age of children with neck injuries was higher (9.2 ± 3.6 years) compared to children with other injuries (8.0 ± 4.1 years, P < .001). Males had a higher proportion of neck injuries compared to all injuries 800 (56 %) versus females 636 (44 %, P = .007). The most common neck injury was neck strain/sprain with 993 (69 % of neck injuries). The next most common diagnoses included neck contusions at 34 (2 %) and fractures at 20 (1 %). Children with neck injuries were more likely to be discharged prior to admission compared to other trampoline-related injuries (96 % versus 93 %, P < .001)., Conclusions: Neck strains/sprains are the most common type of pediatric trampoline-related neck injuries. Older children and males are more likely to have neck injuries while using the trampoline., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Background Despite multiple policy statements from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and other societies, trampoline is a popular recreational activity among children, leading to multiple injuries. This study aimed to present the hospitalization rate due to trampoline-related injuries in the United States and describe the range of pediatric injuries. Materials and methods A cross-sectional analysis was performed utilizing the Kids' Inpatient Database for 2019. Children from one month to 20 years of age with a discharge diagnosis of trampoline-related injury (TRI) were included. Demographic characteristics and outcome variables were compared between discharges with and without TRI. Age-specific prevalence of hospitalization among all discharges and the US population was analyzed. The chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and regression analyses were used for inferential statistical comparisons. Results Out of 2,139,779 discharges in the United States during 2019, TRIs were present in 885, with a prevalence of 41.3 per 100,000 discharges and 10.3 per million US children, accounting for 0.24% of all trauma-associated admissions. Hospitalization with TRI occurred more often over the weekend and during summer months in White male children with private insurance and higher income. Children aged 5-14 years had the highest prevalence of hospitalization. Upper limb fractures were the most common type of injury, followed by lower limb fractures. A severe (intracranial, spinal, or abdominal) injury occurred in 13.2%. Younger children, compared to older children, suffered more intracranial injuries. Conclusions Hospitalization with TRIs occurs in 10 per million children annually in the United States. About 13% of these children have serious injuries. Continued advocacy for trampoline safety is essential., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Totapally et al.)

Background and Study Aim. Trampoline gymnastics has a versatile scoring system that has evolved and become more complex over the years. This study aimed to find the effect of the difficulty (D), execution (E), time of flight (TOF), and horizontal displacement (HD) scores on the total score in male and female trampoline gymnasts. Material and Methods. The results of the first round in the qualification round in the individual senior category of the 27th European Championships in Trampoline Gymnastics were used for evaluation. Multiple regression analysis (the enter method) was performed to build a model between the total score and D, E, TOF, and HD scores. Results. According to multiple regression analyses, respectively E, TOF, D, and HD scores were predictors of the total score in the men’s first routine, and D, E, TOF, and HD in the men’s second routine (p

Stickler syndrome is one of the most common inherited causes of retinal detachment in childhood. We present the case of a 6-year-old boy with Stickler syndrome who developed a retinal detachment in his better seeing eye after prolonged trampoline use. We suggest that trampolining should be avoided in all patients at increased risk of retinal detachment, especially in Stickler syndrome, and in those with other risk factors including high myopia and previous retinal detachments.

In the wake of COVID-19, the digital fitness market combining health equipment and ICT technologies is experiencing unexpected high growth. A smart trampoline fitness system is a new representative home exercise equipment for muscle strengthening and rehabilitation exercises. Recognizing the motions of the user and evaluating user activity is critical for implementing its self-guided exercising system. This study aimed to estimate the three-dimensional positions of the user's foot using deep learning-based image processing algorithms for footprint shadow images acquired from the system. The proposed system comprises a jumping fitness trampoline; an upward-looking camera with a wide-angle and fish-eye lens; and an embedded board to process deep learning algorithms. Compared with our previous approach, which suffered from a geometric calibration process, a camera calibration method for highly distorted images, and algorithmic sensitivity to environmental changes such as illumination conditions, the proposed deep learning algorithm utilizes end-to-end learning without calibration. The network is configured with a modified Fast-RCNN based on ResNet-50, where the region proposal network is modified to process location regression different from box regression. To verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm, a series of experiments are performed using a prototype system with a robotic manipulator to handle a foot mockup. The three root mean square errors corresponding to X, Y, and Z directions were revealed to be 8.32, 15.14, and 4.05 mm, respectively. Thus, the system can be utilized for motion recognition and performance evaluation of jumping exercises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Trampoline-related fractures of the proximal tibial metaphysis are common in children and have been linked to subsequent valgus deformity of the tibia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of trampoline-related proximal tibial fractures in young children. Methods We evaluated 40 patients with proximal tibial fracture after trampolining between 2013 and 2019. The median duration of follow-up was 18 months. Standing long leg radiographs were obtained at the last follow-up to evaluate angular deformity and limb length inequality in the patients. The measurements recorded include the lower limb length, mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), mechanical axis deviation (MAD), and anatomical tibio-femoral angle (aTFA). The anterior tilt angle (ATA) was measured using a lateral radiograph of the tibia. Results The median age at injury was 40.0 months. Using trampoline with a heavier person was the most common mechanism of injury. aTFA and MAD were found to be increased towards the valgus at the last follow-up in our patient; however, the increase was not statistically significant (p = 0.692 and p = 0.973, respectively). The anterior tilt angle was increased in the injured leg at the last follow-up. But the change was not statistically significant (p = 0.09). Conclusions Using trampoline with a heavier person carries the risk of trampoline-related proximal tibial fracture in young children. We did not find a significant change in limb alignment at a minimum of one year of follow-up.

The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between the landing position during consecutive straight jumps and standing posture stability of trampoline gymnasts with stable occlusal balance. Participants were 10 healthy men (BMI: 18.5–25.0) and 10 trampoline gymnasts (competition experience: ≥12 years), all of whom had stable occlusal balance. To assess postural control function, the displacements in the forward–backward (COP-FB) and the left–right directions (COP-LR) of the center of foot pressure were recorded under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. For the trampoline gymnasts, landing positions during 10 consecutive straight jumps were recorded. The horizontal displacements from the center of the bed in the forward–backward (H-FB) and the left–right directions (H-LR) directions were recorded. Differences in COP displacement between participant groups and between visual conditions were analyzed, along with the correlations between COP displacement and landing position. COP-FB in the eyes-open condition was significantly smaller in trampoline gymnasts than in healthy men (p < 0.05). Significant strong positive correlations were observed between COP-FB and H-FB, and between COP-LR and H-LR (p < 0.05). The postural control function of trampoline gymnasts was superior to that of healthy men in the eyes-open condition. The landing position during straight jumps of trampoline gymnasts with stable occlusal balance reflects standing postural control function.

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This study aims to analyze the specialized literature on the protocols, instruments, and techniques used to train and assess strength in gymnastics practitioners or athletes who are represented by the International Gymnastics Federation (Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique -- FIG). The systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Systematic searches on the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, SciELO, and SPORTDiscus databases were conducted using the following keywords: "assessment," OR "measurement," OR "evaluation," AND "child*," OR "young," OR "adolesc*," AND "athlete*," OR "practitioner," OR "gymnast*," AND "gymnastic*," OR "trampoline," AND "muscle strength," OR "muscle power," OR "strength," OR "power," OR "concentric," OR "performance," OR "explosive strength," OR "motor tests". Studies included in this review address the assessment and training of strength in gymnastics or athletes. Fourteen studies assessing the physical capacity strength in practitioners or gymnastic athletes were the basis of this systematic review. These articles describe low-cost, easy-to-apply protocols and instruments performed in the training gym. The included articles focused on assessing the strength level of adolescent male and female practitioners or athletes for talent selection and detection, as well as lesion reduction. Despite the benefits of strength training, such as better performance and fewer injuries, in general, strength is not regularly assessed. Only studies encompassing artistic and rhythmic gymnastics were found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]