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Objectives: This study presents the use of our original contactless interface as a plug-in application for OsiriX-DICOM-viewer platform using a hardware sensor devicecontroller that supports hand/finger motions as input, with no hand contact, touching, or voice navigation. It would be possible to modify standard surgical parameters in the fly gesture-controlled incisionless surgical interventions. Methods: The accuracy of computer-generated models was analyzed according to T. Galeta/2017. Our original special plug-in- application provided different types of gestures for three-dimensional- virtual reality navigation. Our hardware sensor device controlling the system without touching any other device served as an interface for camera positioning in three- dimensional virtual endoscopy-views. The impression of panoramic three-dimensional volume rendering-viewing was given by pivoting the camera around a focus fixed on the object. Results: This novel technique enables surgeons to get complete and aware orientation in the operative field, where ‘overlapping’ of the real and virtual anatomic models is inevitable. Our human mind and understanding of this new surgery work by creating completely new models of human behavior and understanding spatial relationships, along with devising assessment that will provide an insight into our human nature. Any model and/or virtual model of the surgical field is defined as it actually exists in its natural surroundings. Conclusion: We offer an alternative to closed software systems for visual tracking, with an initiative for developing the software framework that will interface with depth cameras, with a set of standardized methods for medical applications such as hand gestures and tracking, face recognition, navigation, etc. This software should be an open source, operation system agnostic, approved for medical use and independent of hardware. Comparison with previous doctrine in human medicine clearly indicates that both preoperative/intraoperative manipulation with three-dimensional-volume rendering slices of the human anatomy per viam touchless surgical navigation system with simulation of virtual activities has become reality in the operation room.

The purpose of this study was to analyze data according to gender, age, cause, number of traumatized teeth, time elapsed before treatment, type of tooth from the records of traumatized children. A retrospective study was conducted in The Department of Paediatric Dentistry at The University Dental Clinic in Zagreb, Croatia using the documentation of 128 patients (61 males and 67 females) aged 1 to 6 years with injuries of primary teeth between February 2009 and January 2013. Trauma was seen in 217 primary teeth, which implies that the number of injured primary teeth was 1.69 per child. The maxillary central incisors were the most frequently affected teeth (81.1%), they were followed by maxillary lateral incisors, while the least affected were mandibular central incisors. Traumatic dental injuries involved periodontal tissue 2.82 times more frequently than hard dental and pulp tissue. The main cause of teeth injury was fall (67.2%) and the majority of injuries occurred at home (51.6%) (P< 0.05). Of 128 patients who received treatment 71 (55.5%) also had soft-tissue injuries. The distribution of soft-tissue injuries by gender (35 males, 36 females) was not statistically significant. Comparing children with soft-tissue injuries and those without them, a statistically significant difference was found in time of arrival between primary and permanent teeth (P

Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio istražiti etiologiju i vrste traumatskih ozljeda stalnih zuba kao i prisutnost ozljeda mekih tkiva oralne regije među školskom djecom u Zagrebu, Hrvatska. Retrospektivno istraživanje provedeno je na Odjelu dječje stomatologije Stomatološkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu služeći se dokumentacijom 319-ero bolesnika (203 dječaka i 116 djevojčica) u dobi od sedam do 16 godina s ozljedama trajnih zuba između veljače 2009. i siječnja 2013. Trauma je zapažena na 542 trajna zuba, što nam pokazuje da je broj ozlijeđenih trajnih zuba 1, 7 po djetetu. Većina djece s ozljedom zuba je u dobi od devet godina. Gornji središnji sjekutići su najčešće zahvaćeni zubi (81%), zatim slijede gornji lateralni sjekutići, dok su najmanje zahvaćeni donji središnji sjekutići. Traumatske dentalne ozljede koje zahvaćaju tvrda zubna tkiva i pulpu dva su puta češća od ozljeda parodontnog tkiva. Najčešće promatrana traumatska dentalna ozljeda tvrdoga zubnog tkiva i pulpe je fraktura cakline i dentina bez izloženosti pulpe, a subluksacija je najčešća vrsta parodontne ozljede tkiva. Najčešći uzrok ozljede zuba je pad, a većina se ozljeda dogodila u školi. Od bolesnika koji su primili terapiju 132-je (41, 4%) ih je imalo ozljede mekog tkiva oralne regije. Uspoređujući djecu s ozljedama zuba i mekih tkiva i onu s ozljedama zuba bez ozljeda mekih tkiva, postoji statistički značajna razlika u vremenu dolaska (P