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From the aerial parts of Eupatorium fortunei , four thymol derivatives ( 1 - 4 ) were isolated and structurally elucidated by NMR and mass spectroscopic methods. Of which, a new dimeric thymol derivative ( 1 ) was characterized and its absolute configuration was established by electronic circular dichroism quantum method. In addition, the 1D and 2D NMR as well as HR-ESI mass spectral data of 2 were provided for the first time. Compounds 2 - 4 were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase enzymes. All tested compounds showed weak inhibition at the concentration range of 1-256 μg/mL in both enzymatic assays.

Three undescribed solalodine-type glycoalkaloids, named solanigrinoside A-C (1-3), and six known compounds (4-9) were isolated from the whole plants of Solanum nigrum. Their structures were elucidated based on analysis of HR-ESI-MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR spectral data, and comparison with those reported in literatures. The solanigrinoside A-C (1-3), solasodine (4), and 3-acetoxysolasodine (5) exhibited cytotoxic effects against LU-1, Hep-G2, and MCF-7 cells with IC 50 values in range from 4.6 μM to 56.2 μM. Compound 2 showed the significant cytotoxic activity with corresponding IC 50 values of 5.7 μM, 7.9 μM, and 4.6 μM, respectively., (© 2024 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.)

Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitory activity guided fractionation and isolation of two new isocucurbic acid derivatives (1 and 2) and nine known compounds (3-11) from the flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum L. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation and comparison with those reported in previous studies. Luteolin (3), acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), and methyl 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinate (10) displayed sEH inhibitory activities with IC 50 values ranging from 13.7±3.6 to 20.8±0.4 μM. Enzyme kinetic analysis revealed that 3, 6, and 10 were non-competitive inhibitors with K i values of 14.8±0.5, 31.2±0.8, and 3.9±0.2 μM, respectively. Additionally, molecular docking studies indicated compound 10 had the ability to form six hydrogen bonds at sEH active site, resulting binding energy as low as -9.58 Kcal/mol., (© 2023 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.)

Three new rotenoids, named derieliptosides A-C ( 1 - 3 ), were isolated from the stems of Derris elliptica (Wall.) Benth. Their structures were determined by HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic methods. Absolute configurations of them were elucidated by analysis of ECD spectra in comparison with TD-DFT calculation. Compounds 1 - 3 inhibited the growth of fungus Candida albicans and selectively inhibited bacterial strains. Of these, compound 1 showed selective inhibition on the growth of Enterococcus faecalis (MIC: 37.5 µM and IC 50 : 10.6 µM), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC: 75 µM and IC 50 : 22.7 µM), and C. albicans (MIC: 37.5 µM and IC 50 : 11.2 µM).

Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz (Acanthaceae) is known as traditional medicine for the treatment of fungal and herpes virus infections. A new naphthoquinone racemate, rhinacasutone (1) together with seven known compounds, rhinacanthone (2), rhinacanthins C, D, N, Q, and E (3-7), and heliobuphthalmin (8) were isolated from root of R. nasutus. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D-, 2D-NMR and MS data. All the isolated compounds were tested for their antiviral activities against PR8, HRV1B, and CVB3-infected vero cells. Compounds 3-6 exhibited significant antiviral activities with the IC 50 value ranging from 0.03 to 23.7 μM in all three infections.