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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common and severe clinical renal syndromes with high morbidity and mortality. Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death (PCD), is characterized by iron overload, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and lipid peroxidation. As ferroptosis has been increasingly studied in recent years, it is closely associated with the pathophysiological process of AKI and provides a target for the treatment of AKI. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis, summarizes its role in various AKI models, and explores its interaction with other forms of cell death, it also presents research on ferroptosis in AKI progression to other diseases. Additionally, the review highlights methods for detecting and assessing AKI through the lens of ferroptosis and describes potential inhibitors of ferroptosis for AKI treatment. Finally, the review presents a perspective on the future of clinical AKI treatment, aiming to stimulate further research on ferroptosis in AKI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteoporosis (OP) can be caused by excessive alcohol consumption, glucocorticoid abuse and estrogen deficiency. With the acceleration of the global ageing process, the disease is now recognized as one of the major public health problems. It has been found that the imbalance between osteoblast-mediated osteogenesis and osteoclast-mediated bone destruction is a key mechanism for the occurrence and development of OP. As a classical programmed death mode, apoptosis greatly affects the progression of OP. Recent studies on metabolic bone diseases have shown that the maintenance of adult bone mass is not only controlled by the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, but also regulated by apoptosis. In recent years, long non-coding Rnas (IncRNAs) have been intensively studied in diseases, which can play a key role in regulating various pathophysiological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration. Studies have shown that IncRNAs can participate in the homeostasis of bone remodeling by regulating the apoptosis of bone marrow stromal cells, osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which can provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of OP. However, there has been no systematic study in this field. This paper systematically reviewed the research overview of apoptosis and IncRNAs in OP by searching relevant Chinese and English literature, and listed the treatment of OP by IncRNAs through regulating apoptosis to restore bone homeostasis, aiming to provide a new target for clinical prevention and treatment of OP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the 2024 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), multiple research achievements in the field of colorectal cancer were announced. This article summarizes and interprets the research results related to colorectal cancer from the perspectives of local treatment progress, immunotherapy progress, targeted therapy, neoadjuvant therapy and surgery, and explores the hot spots, problems, and future directions of colorectal cancer treatment.

BACKGROUND: The etiology of osteoarthritis is varied and its pathogenesis is still unclear. As bioinformatics has been deepening in recent years, increasing studies have found that the aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in joint tissues may mediate the downstream signaling pathways involved in the development of osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE: To review the mechanism of lncRNA in the development of osteoarthritis and the therapeutic effects of monomers and active compounds derived from traditional Chinese medicine that modulate lncRNA and downstream signaling pathways in osteoarthritis. METHODS: We searched CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and PubMed using the search terms of “long non-coding RNA, knee osteoarthritis, miRNA, chondrocytes, signaling pathway, and traditional Chinese medicine” in Chinese and English, respectively. The search time was from the inception of each database to March 2023. A total of 61 articles were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis involves a complex molecular regulatory network, including aberrant expression of lncRNAs and miRNAs in cartilage tissues, which may lead to apoptosis of chondrocytes, degradation of cartilage extracellular matrix, and production of large amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These changes interact with each other to cause degeneration of articular cartilage and progression of osteoarthritis. Therefore, further in-depth studies are needed to reveal the fine mechanisms of the molecular regulatory network. The mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of osteoarthritis mainly focuses on regulating the expression of lncRNA and miRNA, thereby alleviating chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation, promoting cell proliferation, and slowing down the development of osteoarthritis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cancer Research on Prevention & Treatment is the property of Cancer Research on Prevention & Treatment Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is an acute optic nerve injury that results in severe visual impairment. It is a common complication of craniofacial trauma, which can be direct or indirect, with indirect injuries being more common. In recent years, the incidence rate of TON is on the rise. Once it happens, TON may seriously affect the patient’s quality of life, so early diagnosis and timely treatment are needed. The diagnosis of TON depends on careful ophthalmic examination, including neuro-ophthalmologic observation of the pupils, VEP, OCT, magnetic resonance imagine and other examination . However, due to the lack of clinical guidelines, there is no unified standard for its diagnosis and treatment. The clinical treatment of TON includes only observation and conservative treatment, the use of corticosteroids alone, or optic nerve decompression (with or without steroids). But in clinical practice, there is some controversy about which method is the best of treatment. This article summarizes the mainstream viewpoints of recent literature and provides a review on the etiology, injury mechanism, diagnosis, treatment, and some methods that are still in the experimental stage but have therapeutic prospects for TON. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cerebral edema is easily complicated after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), which leads to the aggravation of the patient's condition. Therefore, to clarify the risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnostic methods and treatment progress of global cerebral edema (GCE) after aSAH is of great significance for reducing the incidence of GCE and improving the prognosis of patients. This article mainly reviews the risk factors, pathogenesis, and treatment progress of GCE after aSAH, in order to provide early preventive intervention and improve the prognosis of such patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lung cancer persistently leads as the primary cause of morbidity and mortality among malignancies. A notable increase in the prevalence of lung adenocarcinoma has become evident in recent years. Although targeted therapies have shown in treating certain subsets of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), a significant proportion of patients still face suboptimal therapeutic outcomes. Neuregulin-1 (NRG1), a critical member of the NRG gene family, initially drew interest due to its distribution within the nascent ventricular endocardium, showcasing an exclusive presence in the endocardium and myocardial microvessels. Recent research has highlighted NRG1's pivotal role in the genesis and progression across a spectrum of tumors, influencing molecular perturbations across various tumor-associated signaling pathways. This review provides a concise overview of NRG1, including its expression patterns, configuration, and fusion partners. Additionally, we explore the unique features and potential therapeutic strategies for NRG1 fusion-positive occurrences within the context of NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disease, often leads to numerous chronic complications, significantly contributing to global morbidity and mortality rates. High glucose levels trigger epigenetic modifications linked to pathophysiological processes like inflammation, immunity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, senescence and various kinds of cell death. Despite glycemic control, transient hyperglycemia can persistently harm organs, tissues, and cells, a latent effect termed "metabolic memory" that contributes to chronic diabetic complications. Understanding metabolic memory's mechanisms could offer a new approach to mitigating these complications. However, key molecules and networks underlying metabolic memory remain incompletely understood. This review traces the history of metabolic memory research, highlights its key features, discusses recent molecules involved in its mechanisms, and summarizes confirmed and potential therapeutic compounds. Additionally, we outline in vitro and in vivo models of metabolic memory. We hope this work will inform future research on metabolic memory's regulatory mechanisms and facilitate the development of effective therapeutic compounds to prevent diabetic complications.

The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer 2024 Hereinafter referred to as the CSCO Guidelines for Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC ) in 2024 was officially released in April 2024.The new version of the CSCO Guidelines for NSCLC in 2024 adhered to the evidence-based medical evidence, focused on the accessibility of drugs, taking into account regional development differences and pharmacoeconomic costs, summarizing expert opinions, and timely updating the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC on the basis of the 2023 version. This paper aimed to sort out and analyze the updated part of the CSCO Guidelines for NSCLC in 2024, focusing on the update points of immunotherapy and targeted therapy and the corresponding evidence-based medical evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has historically been a significant global health concern, profoundly impacting both life and well-being. In the process of CKD, with the gradual loss of renal function, the incidence of various life-threatening complications, such as cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular accident, infection and stroke, is also increasing rapidly. Unfortunately, existing treatments exhibit limited ability to halt the progression of kidney injury in CKD, emphasizing the urgent need to delve into the precise molecular mechanisms governing the occurrence and development of CKD while identifying novel therapeutic targets. Renal fibrosis, a typical pathological feature of CKD, plays a pivotal role in disrupting normal renal structures and the loss of renal function. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered iron-dependent form of cell death characterized by lipid peroxide accumulation. Ferroptosis has emerged as a potential key player in various diseases and the initiation of organ fibrosis. Substantial evidence suggests that ferroptosis may significantly contribute to the intricate interplay between CKD and its progression. This review comprehensively outlines the intricate relationship between CKD and ferroptosis in terms of iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation, and discusses the current landscape of pharmacological research on ferroptosis, shedding light on promising avenues for intervention. It further illustrates recent breakthroughs in ferroptosis-related regulatory mechanisms implicated in the progression of CKD, thereby providing new insights for CKD treatment. Video Abstract

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a group of malignant digestive system tumors with a poor overall prognosis. Late diagnosis and limited treatment are the main problems of CCA. Immunotherapy is a promising method to improve the prognosis, but the immunosuppression of CCA tumor microenvironment hinders the development and implementation of immunotherapy. Therefore, a full understanding of the complex components of CCA and its tumor immune microenvironment (TiME) can better understand the pathogenesis and drug resistance mechanism of CCA and contribute to the discovery of new immunotherapy targets. This article reviews the TiME related research on CCA, comprehensively discusses the components of the immune microenvironment of cholangiocarcinoma, and introduces the research progress of immunotherapy and immune combination therapy for CCA.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has historically been a significant global health concern, profoundly impacting both life and well-being. In the process of CKD, with the gradual loss of renal function, the incidence of various life-threatening complications, such as cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular accident, infection and stroke, is also increasing rapidly. Unfortunately, existing treatments exhibit limited ability to halt the progression of kidney injury in CKD, emphasizing the urgent need to delve into the precise molecular mechanisms governing the occurrence and development of CKD while identifying novel therapeutic targets. Renal fibrosis, a typical pathological feature of CKD, plays a pivotal role in disrupting normal renal structures and the loss of renal function. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered iron-dependent form of cell death characterized by lipid peroxide accumulation. Ferroptosis has emerged as a potential key player in various diseases and the initiation of organ fibrosis. Substantial evidence suggests that ferroptosis may significantly contribute to the intricate interplay between CKD and its progression. This review comprehensively outlines the intricate relationship between CKD and ferroptosis in terms of iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation, and discusses the current landscape of pharmacological research on ferroptosis, shedding light on promising avenues for intervention. It further illustrates recent breakthroughs in ferroptosis-related regulatory mechanisms implicated in the progression of CKD, thereby providing new insights for CKD treatment. BfoF46qaBLtgVmJXm1oAqY Video Abstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Short leave is an integral part of forensic addiction treatment in Germany. Individuals with addiction problems who have offended can be admitted to forensic addiction treatment institutions to receive treatment for their addiction disorder and reduce their risk of reoffending. During this treatment, short leave is implemented to allow the practising of an abstinent lifestyle, enhance treatment motivation, and enable the individual to stay connected with the community. A critical step is the unsupervised short leave, which comes with benefits but also risks for the individual and the community. Short leave (especially unsupervised short leave) bears the risk of incidents such as new offences, drug relapses or absconding. This study examines the influence of unsupervised short leave on treatment progress. It builds on the methodology from a previous study of patients in forensic psychiatric hospitals and uses a pre-post design with follow-up. Furthermore, the impact of incidents during short leave on treatment progress is analysed. The sample consists of 157 patients in forensic addiction treatment in Germany. The results suggest that unsupervised short leave can enhance the treatment progress of patients in forensic addiction treatment. However, incidents during short leave can have a negative effect on treatment progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Germany, short leave is an integral part of treatment in forensic psychiatric hospitals. It is believed that the practice has many benefits for patients' well-being and their treatment progress. However, the risk of an incident in the form of absconding or new offenses may be especially heightened during unsupervised short leave. This study analyzes the impact of unsupervised short leave on treatment progress using a pre-post design with follow-up and a sample of 298 forensic psychiatric patients. Furthermore, incidents on short leave were considered in the analysis. The results of the study suggest that unsupervised short leave can foster treatment progress. However, they also reveal that incidents during leave can disrupt the progress of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brain injury is the injury of brain tissue caused by violence directly or indirectly acting on the head. The patients with Glasgow coma scale of 3-8 and coma time >6 hours are diagnosed as severe brain injury (sTBI), whose incidence rate is increasing year by year. The disease progresses rapidly, and the mortality rate is high. Neurogenic stunned myocardium (NSM) refers to transient and reversible myocardial disease caused by nervous system diseases such as severe brain injury in patients without basic heart disease. At present, the pathogenesis of NSM is not completely clear, and it is easy to be confused with the primary heart disease. Myocardial stunning caused by sTBI is one of the main causes of death, so it is very important to identify it early and diagnose it in time. This review systematically introduces the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and treatment of NSM with an aim of improving the overall prognosis of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuroendocrine neoplasms are rare and heterogenous, with low incidence, which can occur in multiple organs of the body. Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms have the highest incidence in China. 2017 version World Health Organization (WHO) classification of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms put forward the concept of well- differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NET) G3. The related research has started to increase. This article reviewed the latest advances in clinical diagnosis and treatment of well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic NET G3.

Abstract Background In the United States, the high dropout rate (75%) in opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment among women and racial/ethnic minorities calls for understanding factors that contribute to making progress in treatment. Whereas counseling and medication for OUD (MOUD, e.g. methadone, buprenorphine, naltrexone) is considered the gold standard of care in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, many individuals with OUD receive either counseling or methadone-only services. This study evaluates gender disparities in treatment plan progress in methadone- compared to counseling-based programs in one of the largest SUD treatment systems in the United States. Methods Multi-year and multi-level (treatment program and client-level) data were analyzed using the Integrated Substance Abuse Treatment to Eliminate Disparities (iSATed) dataset collected in Los Angeles County, California. The sample consisted of 4 waves: 2011 (66 SUD programs, 1035 clients), 2013 (77 SUD programs, 3686 clients), 2015 (75 SUD programs, 4626 clients), and 2017 (69 SUD programs, 4106 clients). We conducted two multi-level negative binomial regressions, one per each outcome (1) making progress towards completing treatment plan, and (2) completing treatment plan. We included outpatient clients discharged on each of the years of the study (over 95% of all clients) and accounted for demographics, wave, homelessness and prior treatment episodes, as well as clients clustered within programs. Results We detected gender differences in two treatment outcomes (progress and completion) considering two outpatient program service types (MOUD-methadone vs. counseling). Clients who received methadone vs. counseling had lower odds of completing their treatment plan (OR = 0.366; 95% CI = 0.163, 0.821). Female clients receiving methadone had lower odds of both making progress (OR = 0.668; 95% CI = 0.481, 0.929) and completing their treatment plan (OR = 0.666; 95% CI = 0.485, 0.916) compared to male clients and receiving counseling. Latina clients had lower odds of completing their treatment plan (OR = 0.617; 95% CI = 0.408, 0.934) compared with non-Latina clients. Conclusions Clients receiving methadone, the most common and highly effective MOUD in reducing opioid use, were less likely to make progress towards or complete their treatment plan than those receiving counseling. Women, and in particular those identified as Latinas, were least likely to benefit from methadone-based programs. These findings have implications for health policy and program design that consider the need for comprehensive and culturally responsive services in methadone-based programs to improve outpatient treatment outcomes among women.

Acute kidney injury (AKI), a common and serious clinical kidney syndrome with high incidence and mortality, is caused by multiple pathogenic factors, such as ischemia, nephrotoxic drugs, oxidative stress, inflammation, and urinary tract obstruction. Cell death, which is divided into several types, is critical for normal growth and development and maintaining dynamic balance. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent nonapoptotic type of cell death, is characterized by iron overload, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and lipid peroxidation. Recently, growing evidence demonstrated the important role of ferroptosis in the development of various kidney diseases, including renal clear cell carcinoma, diabetic nephropathy, and AKI. However, the exact mechanism of ferroptosis participating in the initiation and progression of AKI has not been fully revealed. Herein, we aim to systematically discuss the definition of ferroptosis, the associated mechanisms and key regulators, and pharmacological progress and summarize the most recent discoveries about the role and mechanism of ferroptosis in AKI development. We further conclude its potential therapeutic strategies in AKI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute kidney injury (AKI), a common and serious clinical kidney syndrome with high incidence and mortality, is caused by multiple pathogenic factors, such as ischemia, nephrotoxic drugs, oxidative stress, inflammation, and urinary tract obstruction. Cell death, which is divided into several types, is critical for normal growth and development and maintaining dynamic balance. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent nonapoptotic type of cell death, is characterized by iron overload, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and lipid peroxidation. Recently, growing evidence demonstrated the important role of ferroptosis in the development of various kidney diseases, including renal clear cell carcinoma, diabetic nephropathy, and AKI. However, the exact mechanism of ferroptosis participating in the initiation and progression of AKI has not been fully revealed. Herein, we aim to systematically discuss the definition of ferroptosis, the associated mechanisms and key regulators, and pharmacological progress and summarize the most recent discoveries about the role and mechanism of ferroptosis in AKI development. We further conclude its potential therapeutic strategies in AKI.

The pathogenesis of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment depends on three factors, namely, retinal rupture, vitreous liquefaction and traction causing the retina to separate from the pigment epithelium, among which retinal rupture is the most important. Retinopathy is caused by a gap between the neurosensory retina and the retinal pigment epithelium, which severely damages the visual function of the patient. Therefore, early clinical discovery, prevention and selection of an appropriate treatment are important. This article reviews progress in the treatment of retinal detachment.

Background: In the United States, the high dropout rate (75%) in opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment among women and racial/ethnic minorities calls for understanding factors that contribute to making progress in treatment. Whereas counseling and medication for OUD (MOUD, e.g. methadone, buprenorphine, naltrexone) is considered the gold standard of care in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, many individuals with OUD receive either counseling or methadone-only services. This study evaluates gender disparities in treatment plan progress in methadone- compared to counseling-based programs in one of the largest SUD treatment systems in the United States.Methods: Multi-year and multi-level (treatment program and client-level) data were analyzed using the Integrated Substance Abuse Treatment to Eliminate Disparities (iSATed) dataset collected in Los Angeles County, California. The sample consisted of 4 waves: 2011 (66 SUD programs, 1035 clients), 2013 (77 SUD programs, 3686 clients), 2015 (75 SUD programs, 4626 clients), and 2017 (69 SUD programs, 4106 clients). We conducted two multi-level negative binomial regressions, one per each outcome (1) making progress towards completing treatment plan, and (2) completing treatment plan. We included outpatient clients discharged on each of the years of the study (over 95% of all clients) and accounted for demographics, wave, homelessness and prior treatment episodes, as well as clients clustered within programs.Results: We detected gender differences in two treatment outcomes (progress and completion) considering two outpatient program service types (MOUD-methadone vs. counseling). Clients who received methadone vs. counseling had lower odds of completing their treatment plan (OR = 0.366; 95% CI = 0.163, 0.821). Female clients receiving methadone had lower odds of both making progress (OR = 0.668; 95% CI = 0.481, 0.929) and completing their treatment plan (OR = 0.666; 95% CI = 0.485, 0.916) compared to male clients and receiving counseling. Latina clients had lower odds of completing their treatment plan (OR = 0.617; 95% CI = 0.408, 0.934) compared with non-Latina clients.Conclusions: Clients receiving methadone, the most common and highly effective MOUD in reducing opioid use, were less likely to make progress towards or complete their treatment plan than those receiving counseling. Women, and in particular those identified as Latinas, were least likely to benefit from methadone-based programs. These findings have implications for health policy and program design that consider the need for comprehensive and culturally responsive services in methadone-based programs to improve outpatient treatment outcomes among women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myopia, a deteriorated and still unsolved eye problem in China, shows the character of early onset, rapid progress and increased proportion of high myopia. Because of the serious complication caused by high myopia, such as retinal detachment, glaucoma, cataract and macular disorders, it can even lead to the irreversible loss of vision. The prevention and effective control of myopia turn to be an urgent social problem. In this review, causes and the progress of treatment in myopia are described.

Copyright of Practical Oncology Journal is the property of Journal of Practical Oncology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hyperlipidemia (HLP) is a long-known risk factor for a series of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, hypertension and so on. With its increasing incidence, the prevention and treatment of HLP has also become an important research topic around the world. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat HLP for a long time with its better therapeutic efficacy, less side effects and wider indications compared with western medicine. In this review, we summarized the pathogenesis of HLP, the research situation of disease-related targets, and the treatment progress of TCM by conducting literature research and sorting out relevant information, in order to provide reference for further research of HLP and prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The engagement process of sexual offenders in group-based cognitive-behavioral treatment is an important area of study. Disclosure management style (DMS), a model developed from grounded-theory research of men undertaking a prototypical program, provides a framework to assess engagement in treatment. Our goal was to develop a quantitative measure of DMS, to test its reliability and validity, and to evaluate its utility as a measure of treatment progress by examining relationships between DMS and established measures of treatment change. We studied a sample of men (N = 93) who undertook an intensive prison-based treatment program in New Zealand. Variables included DMS measures, psychometric measures of dynamic risk and treatment change, static risk, clinician rating of treatment progress, and recidivism outcomes. We found that (a) DMS shows an acceptable level of agreement between independent raters, (b) DMS-based ratings of engagement changed over the course of treatment and were correlated with measures of change based on offender self-reports, and (c) offenders showed heterogeneity in terms of their trajectories of change as assessed by DMS ratings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We examined the ability of scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2—Restructured Form (MMPI‐2‐RF) scales to predict treatment progress (compliance and activity in therapy) and outcome at termination (success in therapy, readiness for termination, and functioning at termination). Method: Our sample included 448 (185 males, 263 females) community mental health center outpatients with an average age of 32.2 years (standard deviation = 10.2). We used MMPI‐2‐RF (self‐report) indicators of personality and psychopathology and a composite outcome variable that represents therapist ratings of clients' treatment progress and outcomes. Results: Scores on several MMPI‐2‐RF scales were correlated and associated with increased risk for poorer psychotherapy progress and outcomes in a mental health outpatient sample. Conclusions: Clinicians can utilize the MMPI‐2‐RF to identify clients at risk for therapy process challenges and adverse outcomes, suggesting possible problem areas for intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Limited research has examined factors associated with medication-assisted treatment for justice-involved individuals. Objectives: The current study used a mixed-method design to examine the influence of client- and counselor-level factors on 90-day treatment retention, satisfaction, and progress for justice-involved individuals referred to medication-assisted treatment. Methods: The effects of co-occurring disorders (i.e., psychiatric symptoms, anxiety, depression), social functioning (i.e., social support, self-esteem), substance use severity, and treatment motivation on treatment retention, treatment satisfaction, and treatment progress while controlling for counselor-level variance were assessed through multilevel modeling. Results: Fewer co-occurring disorders and more social support were related to greater treatment satisfaction and progress. A higher level of treatment motivation was associated with greater treatment progress. Mediation of treatment satisfaction on the relationship between client-level factors and treatment progress also was tested. Depression was negatively associated with treatment satisfaction, which in turn led to lower ratings of treatment progress. Social support was positively correlated with treatment satisfaction, which in turn was positively correlated with treatment progress. The association of client substance use severity with treatment retention differed between counselors, so did the association of co-occurring disorders and treatment motivation with treatment satisfaction. Qualitative analyses that were derived from counselors' perception of factors relating to recovery success underscored the importance of integrated interventions, social support, treatment motivation, and therapeutic alliance, and their associations with treatment outcomes. Conclusions/Importance: The current findings highlight the importance of integrated treatment services, collaborating with community corrections, and teaching clients strategies for dealing with deviant peers as to facilitating recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies is the property of Editorial Department of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies is the property of Editorial Department of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The likelihood of recidivism is considered to be the most important outcome measure in forensic psychiatry. Therefore, forensic psychiatric treatment focuses on the reduction of the risk of recidivism by treating dynamic risk and protective factors, aiming to reduce risk factors while enhancing protective factors during treatment. The goal of this study is to assess treatment progress with the Instrument for Forensic Treatment Evaluation (IFTE) in a Dutch forensic psychiatric centre (n=240). Latent Class Analysis was conducted to reconfirm previously found patient profiles. Patient profiles were based on risk factors, psychopathology, and offence type. Repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted to assess treatment progress for the whole patient group, for high and low risk patients, and for patients who had been in treatment for a period longer and shorter than one year. Latent Class Analysis has not reconfirmed the previously found profiles, therefore a repeated measures ANOVA was not conducted on profile level. On group-level, no significant progress was found. Though, patients with low protective behaviour, low resocialization scores, and high problem behaviour scores displayed significant treatment progress. Patients with low problematic behaviour showed a significant increase of problematic behaviour and patients with high protective behaviour a decrease of protective behaviour. Results indicated an interaction effect between time of admission and the factor resocialization skills, however this effect was not found for the other two factors. Results imply that higher risk patients can show more treatment progress than lower risk patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amblyopia is one of the common pediatric ophthalmology disease at present. It causes serious harm to children's visual development, which is characterized in the eye without obvious organic disease. However, functional factors can cause the distance vision ≤0.8 that can not be corrected. In this paper, it focuses on reviewing the current research advances and therapy of amblyopia children, so as to provide a powerful evidence for the better treatment of amblyopia children.

The authors of this study explored the differences in treatment progress between men and women who were addicted to drugs. The differential rate of completion of/dropout from treatment in men and women with substance dependence was established. Moreover, comparisons between completers and dropouts, accounting for gender, were carried out for several variables related to treatment progress and clinical profile. A sample of 183 addicted patients (96 male and 87 female) who sought outpatient treatment between 2002 and 2006 was assessed. Information on socio-demographic, consumption, and associated characteristics was collected. A detailed tracking of each patient’s progress was maintained for a minimum period of 8 years to assess treatment progression. The treatment dropout rate in the whole sample was 38.8%, with statistically significant differences between women (47.1%) and men (31.3%). Women who dropped out of treatment presented a more severe profile in most of the psychopathologic variables than women who completed it. Moreover, women who dropped out from treatment presented a more severe profile than men who dropped out. According to these results, drug-addicted women showed worse therapeutic progress than men with similar histories. Thus, women must be provided with additional targeted intervention to promote better treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This research explored the therapeutic events both clients and therapists from community-based treatment interventions for perpetrators of sexual abuse identify as significant in their experience of psychological therapy. A qualitative design was utilized to address this research objective. The sample for the present research is comprised of three different treatment programs for sexual offending. Twenty-five clients and nine therapists participated in the study. Two qualitative measures were used to elicit client and therapist responses. Significant Aspects of Therapy Form was administered every second treatment session during each intervention program. The Significant Aspects Follow-Up Interview was conducted with a sub-sample of participants at the conclusion of each treatment module. Thematic analysis was used to identify significant themes noted by clients and therapists from forms and interviews. Thematic analysis resulted in a model of significant events in therapy. In this model, significant events were categorized into six domains. The six domains were as follows: (a) the process of therapy, (b) making changes and progress in therapy, (c) content and structure of therapy, (d) therapist contributions, (e) negative contributions to therapy, and (f) other factors Each domain further contained between 6 and 18 themes, which are also reported. This study found much overlap and similarity in the experiences of therapy between clients of sexual offender therapy and general psychotherapy. Furthermore, there is overlap between therapists and clients in the aspects of therapy they identify as significant. The implications of these findings on effective service development and comprehensive service evaluations are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common and severe microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), and has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Although the exact pathogenic mechanism of DKD is still unclear, programmed cell death has been demonstrated to participate in the occurrence and development of diabetic kidney injury, including ferroptosis. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death driven by lipid peroxidation, has been identified to play a vital role in the development and therapeutic responses of a variety of kidney diseases, such as acute kidney injury (AKI), renal cell carcinoma and DKD. In the past two years, ferroptosis has been well investigated in DKD patients and animal models, but the specific mechanisms and therapeutic effects have not been fully revealed. Herein, we reviewed the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis, summarized the recent findings associated with the involvement of ferroptosis in DKD, and discussed the potential of ferroptosis as a promising target for DKD treatment, thereby providing a valuable reference for basic study and clinical therapy of DKD., Competing Interests: Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists., (© The author(s).)

We investigated client motivations for concealing vs. disclosing secrets and how concealment and disclosure relate to therapeutic process and outcome. Of 115 participants who were currently in psychotherapy, most had revealed a secret and about half were concealing a secret in psychotherapy. Concealed secrets were most likely to be sexual in nature and were concealed due to shame or embarrassment. Disclosed secrets were most likely to be related to relationships and were disclosed because clients felt they could trust their therapists and because they thought they could benefit from sharing the secret. Clients were most likely to report that they would choose to share their concealed secret if keeping it prevented them from making progress in therapy, and about half of the clients keeping a secret thought they would eventually disclose it. Reflecting back, clients thought they experienced equal levels of negative and positive emotion when they first disclosed their secret, but currently felt more positive and less negative about disclosing. Concealment was negatively related to the real relationship. Implications for research and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Empirical studies have rarely investigated the association between improvements on dynamic risk and protective factors for violence during forensic psychiatric treatment and reduced recidivism after discharge. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of treatment progress in risk and protective factors on violent recidivism. For a sample of 108 discharged forensic psychiatric patients pre- and posttreatment assessments of risk (HCR-20) and protective factors (SAPROF) were compared. Changes were related to violent recidivism at different follow-up times after discharge. Improvements on risk and protective factors during treatment showed good predictive validity for abstention from violence for short- (1 year) as well as long-term (11 years) follow-up. This study demonstrates the sensitivity of the HCR-20 and the SAPROF to change and shows improvements on dynamic risk and protective factors are associated with lower violent recidivism long after treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:Research on the effects of Rogers's therapeutic relationship conditions has typically focused on the unilateral provision of empathy, unconditional positive regard, and congruence from therapist to client.Method:This study looked at both client and therapist mutuality of the Rogerian therapeutic conditions and the association between mutuality and treatment progress in the first three psychotherapy sessions. Clients (N= 62; mean age = 24.32; 77% female, 23% male) and therapists (N= 12; mean age = 34.32; nine female and three male) rated one another using the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory after the first and third session.Results:Both clients and therapists perceived the quality of the relationship as improved over time. Client rating of psychological distress (CORE-OM) was lower after session 3 than at session 1 (es= .85, [95% CIs: .67, 1.03]). Hierarchical multiple regression was used to test the predictive power of mutually high levels of the therapeutic conditions on treatment progress. The association between client rating of therapist-provided conditions and treatment progress at session 3 was higher when both clients and therapists rated each other as providing high levels of the therapeutic conditions (R2change = .073,p< .03).Conclusions:The findings suggest mutuality of Rogers's therapeutic conditions is related to treatment progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many discretionary decisions made by criminal justice practitioners are partly influenced by progress reports submitted by treatment providers, however little research has examined how clinician ratings of treatment progress relate to subsequent success in the community. This study examined whether ratings completed by clinicians on a large sample of probationers (N = 419) enrolled in a therapeutic community were predictive of reincarceration post-treatment. The measurement characteristics and the factor structure of the assessment tool were also of interest. Results showed a clear four-factor solution with no significant relationship between the derived factors and reincarceration. Implications for policy and practice are incorporated. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Partial-thickness cartilage defects (PTCDs) of the articular surface is the most common problem in cartilage degeneration, and also one of the main pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Due to the lack of a clear diagnosis, the symptoms are often more severe when full-thickness cartilage defect (FTCDs) is present. In contrast to FTCDs and osteochondral defects (OCDs), PTCDs does not injure the subchondral bone, there is no blood supply and bone marrow exudation, and the nearby microenvironment is unsuitable for stem cells adhesion, which completely loses the ability of self-repair. Some clinical studies have shown that partial-thickness cartilage defects is as harmful as full-thickness cartilage defects. Due to the poor effect of conservative treatment, the destructive surgical treatment is not suitable for the treatment of partial-thickness cartilage defects, and the current tissue engineering strategies are not effective, so it is urgent to develop novel strategies or treatment methods to repair PTCDs. In recent years, with the interdisciplinary development of bioscience, mechanics, material science and engineering, many discoveries have been made in the repair of PTCDs. This article reviews the current status and research progress in the treatment of PTCDs from the aspects of diagnosis and modeling of PTCDs, drug therapy, tissue transplantation repair technology and tissue engineering ("bottom-up")., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no competing interests associated with the manuscript., (© 2022 Sun et al.)

The Sex Offender Treatment Intervention and Progress Scale (SOTIPS) is a 16-item rating scale designed to assess dynamic risk among adult male sex offenders and degree of change at 6-month intervals during treatment. The purpose of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the SOTIPS in a construction sample of 759 adult male sex offenders who were under correctional supervision and enrolled in cognitive-behavioral community treatment in Vermont between 2001 and 2007. The scale showed acceptable interrater reliability. SOTIPS scores at 1, 7, and 13 months after participants began treatment predicted sexual, violent, and any recidivism, and return to prison at fixed 1- and 3-year follow-up periods (AUCs = .60 to .85). Combined SOTIPS and Static-99R scores predicted all recidivism types (AUCs = .67 to .89) and outperformed either instrument alone when both instruments had similar predictive power. Participants who demonstrated treatment progress, as reflected by reductions in SOTIPS scores, showed lower rates of recidivism than those who did not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]