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1. Avian and Human Influenza A Virus Receptors in Bovine Mammary Gland

Author

Kristensen, Charlotte, Jensen, Henrik E., Trebbien, Ramona, Webby, Richard J., and Larsen, Lars E.

Subjects
Mammary glands -- Medical examination, Cattle -- Diseases, Influenza -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment -- Genetic aspects, Cell receptors -- Identification and classification, Health
Abstract

Influenza A virus (IAV) is a negative, single-stranded RNA virus. Viral evolution has enabled some IAVs to cross species barriers and to be established in humans and various mammals (1). [...]

Published
2024
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2. Relative vaccine protection, disease severity, and symptoms associated with the SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariant BA.2.86 and descendant JN.1 in Denmark: a nationwide observational study

Author

Christiansen, Lasse Engbo, Gubbels, Sophie, Trebbien, Ramona, Westergaard, Casper, Escobar-Herrera, Leandro Andrés, Gunalan, Vithiagaran, Ring, Aleksander, Bennedbæk, Marc, Steenhard, Nina, Mørk Hartmann, Esben, Nielsen, Lene, Terp Andersen, Dorte, Thomsen, Marianne Kragh, Marmolin, Ea Sofie, Vognbjerg Sydenham, Thomas, Hoegh, Silje Vermedal, Pinholt, Mette, Møller, Josefine Tange, Vasehus Madsen, Tina, Fuglsang-Damgaard, David, Jokelainen, Pikka, Krause, Tyra Grove, Ullum, Henrik, Søborg, Bolette, Valentiner-Branth, Palle, Moustsen-Helms, Ida Rask, Bager, Peter, Larsen, Tine Graakjær, Møller, Frederik Trier, Vestergaard, Lasse Skafte, Rasmussen, Morten, and Hansen, Christian Holm

Published
2024
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5. High titers of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies six months after symptom onset are associated with increased severity in COVID-19 hospitalized patients

Author

Sejdic, Adin, Frische, Anders, Jørgensen, Charlotte Sværke, Rasmussen, Lasse Dam, Trebbien, Ramona, Dungu, Arnold, Holler, Jon G., Ostrowski, Sisse Rye, Eriksson, Robert, Søborg, Christian, Nielsen, Thyge L., Fischer, Thea K., Lindegaard, Birgitte, Franck, Kristina Træholt, and Harboe, Zitta Barrella

Published
2023
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8. Severe Human Case of Zoonotic Infection with Swine-Origin Influenza A Virus, Denmark, 2021

Author

Andersen, Klara M., Vestergaard, Lasse S., Nissen, Jakob N., George, Sophie J., Ryt-Hansen, Pia, Hjulsager, Charlotte K., Krog, Jesper S., Skov, Marianne N., Alexandersen, Soren, Larsen, Lars E., and Trebbien, Ramona

Subjects
Influenza -- Case studies, Zoonoses -- Case studies, Health
Abstract

Human infections with swine influenza A viruses (IAVs) are sporadically reported (1-4). Increased surveillance has revealed substantial swine IAV circulation within pig herds and frequent reassortment with human seasonal IAVs [...]

Published
2022

9. Multi-omics analysis reveals the impact of influenza a virus host adaptation on immune signatures in pig tracheal tissue.

Author

Laybourn, Helena Aagaard, Polhaus, Chrysillis Hellemann, Kristensen, Charlotte, Henriksen, Betina Lyngfeldt, Yaolei Zhang, Brogaard, Louise, Larsen, Cathrine Agnete, Trebbien, Ramona, Larsen, Lars Erik, Kalogeropoulos, Konstantinos, auf dem Keller, Ulrich, and Skovgaard, Kerstin

Subjects
JAK-STAT pathway, METABOLIC regulation, INFLUENZA A virus, VIRUS diseases, RNA sequencing
Abstract

Introduction: Influenza A virus (IAV) infection is a global respiratory disease, which annually leads to 3-5 million cases of severe illness, resulting in 290,000-650,000 deaths. Additionally, during the past century, four global IAV pandemics have claimed millions of human lives. The epithelial lining of the trachea plays a vital role during IAV infection, both as point of viral entry and replication as well as in the antiviral immune response. Tracheal tissue is generally inaccessible from human patients, which makes animal models crucial for the study of the tracheal host immune response. Method: In this study, pigs were inoculated with swine- or human-adapted H1N1 IAV to gain insight into how host adaptation of IAV shapes the innate immune response during infection. In-depth multi-omics analysis (global proteomics and RNA sequencing) of the host response in upper and lower tracheal tissue was conducted, and results were validated by microfluidic qPCR. Additionally, a subset of samples was selected for histopathological examination. Results: A classical innate antiviral immune response was induced in both upper and lower trachea after infection with either swine- or human-adapted IAV with upregulation of genes and higher abundance of proteins associated with viral infection and recognition, accompanied by a significant induction of interferon stimulated genes with corresponding higher proteins concentrations. Infection with the swine-adapted virus induced a much stronger immune response compared to infection with a human-adapted IAV strain in the lower trachea, which could be a consequence of a higher viral load and a higher degree of inflammation. Discussion: Central components of the JAK-STAT pathway, apoptosis, pyrimidine metabolism, and the cytoskeleton were significantly altered depending on infection with swine- or human-adapted virus and might be relevant mechanisms in relation to antiviral immunity against putative zoonotic IAV. Based on our findings, we hypothesize that during host adaptation, IAV evolve to modulate important host cell elements to favor viral infectivity and replication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Reassortant Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus in Elderly Woman, Denmark, January 2021

Author

Nissen, Jakob N., George, Sophie J., Hjulsager, Charlotte K., Krog, Jesper S., Nielsen, Xiaohui C., Madsen, Tina V., Andersen, Klara M., Krause, Tyra G., Vestergaard, Lasse S., Larsen, Lars E., and Trebbien, Ramona

Subjects
Swine influenza -- Case studies -- Diagnosis, Influenza viruses -- Case studies -- Identification and classification -- Genetic aspects, Aged women -- Case studies -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Human infection with swine influenza A virus (IAV) had not previously been detected in Denmark, but sporadic cases have been reported from other countries (1). We report the identification of [...]

Published
2021
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11. Relative vaccine protection, disease severity, and symptoms associated with the SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariant BA.2.86 and descendant JN.1 in Denmark: a nationwide observational study

Author

Moustsen-Helms, Ida Rask, primary, Bager, Peter, additional, Larsen, Tine Graakjær, additional, Møller, Frederik Trier, additional, Vestergaard, Lasse Skafte, additional, Rasmussen, Morten, additional, Hansen, Christian Holm, additional, Christiansen, Lasse Engbo, additional, Gubbels, Sophie, additional, Trebbien, Ramona, additional, Westergaard, Casper, additional, Escobar-Herrera, Leandro Andrés, additional, Gunalan, Vithiagaran, additional, Ring, Aleksander, additional, Bennedbæk, Marc, additional, Steenhard, Nina, additional, Mørk Hartmann, Esben, additional, Nielsen, Lene, additional, Terp Andersen, Dorte, additional, Thomsen, Marianne Kragh, additional, Marmolin, Ea Sofie, additional, Vognbjerg Sydenham, Thomas, additional, Hoegh, Silje Vermedal, additional, Pinholt, Mette, additional, Møller, Josefine Tange, additional, Vasehus Madsen, Tina, additional, Fuglsang-Damgaard, David, additional, Jokelainen, Pikka, additional, Krause, Tyra Grove, additional, Ullum, Henrik, additional, Søborg, Bolette, additional, and Valentiner-Branth, Palle, additional

Published
2024
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12. Impact of the COVID‐19 Pandemic on Influenza Circulation During the 2020/21 and 2021/22 Seasons, in Europe

Author

Sinnathamby, Mary A., Meslé, Margaux M. I., Mook, Piers, Pebody, Richard, Bino, Silvia, Hasibra, Iris, Bakunts, Nune, Abovyan, Romella, Khachtryan, Evgenia, Redlberger‐Fritz, Monika, Mursalova, Nazifa, Aliyeva, Firuza, Vysotskaya, Veronika, Shmialiova, Natallia, Karaban, Inna, Bossuyt, Nathalie, Barbezange, Cyril, Musa, Sanja, Vukmir, Nina Rodić, Ljubović, Amela Dedeić, Baštinac, Dijana, Vladimirov, Nadezhda, Korsun, Neli, Trifonova, Ivelina, Tabain, Irena, Petrović, Goranka, Karagiannis, Christos, Haralambous, Christos, Jirincova, Helena, Kyncl, Jan, Trebbien, Ramona, Vestergaard, Lasse Skafte, Sadikova, Olga, Eero, Irina, Metsoja, Eliisa, Ikonen, Niina, Lyytikäinen, Outi, Nohynek, Hanna, Fournier, Lucie, Guerrisi, Caroline, Valette, Martine, Machablishvili, Ani, Buda, Silke, Dürrwald, Ralf, Gioula, Georgia, Mary, Emmanouil, Mellou, Kassiani, Rózsa, Mónika, Molnár, Zsuzsanna, Armannsdottir, Brynja, Aspelund, Guðrún, O’Donnell, Joan, Domegan, Lisa, Connell, Jeff, Mandelboim, Michal, Glatman‐Freedman, Aharona, Puzelli, Simona, Palamara, Anna Teresa, Maraglino, Francesco, Smagulova, Smagulova Meiramgul Kanapiyanovna, Userbayev, Aidar Sharipkhanuly, Kalaveshi, Ariana, Jakupi, Xhevat, Gunga, Zana Kaçaniku, Otorbaeva, D. S, Abdyldaeva, S. Zh, Esengeldiev, G. M, Vasiļevska, Darja, Tomašūna, Kate Karolīna, Savicka, Oksana, Gargasiene, Greta, Muralyte, Svajune, Nguyen, Trung‐Nguyen, Mossong, Joel, Abdelrahman, Tamir T., Melillo, Tanya, Zahra, Graziella, Melillo, Jackie, Rakocevic, Bozidarka, Zekovic, Zeljka, Medenica, Sanja, de Lange, Marit, Meijer, Adam, Kochinski, Dragan, Boshevska, Golubinka, Paulsen, Trinehessevik, Bragstad, Karoline, Brydak, Lidia B., Hallmann, Ewelina, Szymański, Karol, Rodrigues, Ana Paula, Verdasca, Nuno, Guiomar, Raquel, Druc, Alina, Apostol, Mariana, Popescu, Rodica, Popovici, Odette, Lazar, Mihaela, Komissarov, Andrey B., Fadeev, Artem, Stolyarov, Kirill, Protić, Jelena, Avdičová, Mária, Mečochová, Adriana, Staroňová, Edita, Sočan, Maja, Prosenc, Katarina, Berginc, Nataša, Larrauri, Amparo, Mazagatos, Clara, Pozo, Francisco, Appelqvist, Emma, Carnahan, AnnaSara, Cabecinhas, Ana Rita Goncalves, Spedaliero, Tania, Jafarov, Navaruz, Safarova, Tamanno, Barotova, Barno, Kovalchuk, Tatyana, Altas, Ayse Basak, Avci, Emine, Ozdemir, Betul, Ovliyakulova, Gurbangul, Dykhanovska, Tetiana, Demchyshyna, Iryna, Koshako, Oksana, Watson, Conall, Zambon, Maria, Lakhani, Anissa, Shepherd, Samantha, Bradley, Declan T., Curran, Tanya, Moore, Catherine, Cottrell, Simon, Kudasheva, Lyudmila, Djemileva, Sultan, Pleshkov, Boris, Sinnathamby, Mary A., Meslé, Margaux M. I., Mook, Piers, Pebody, Richard, Bino, Silvia, Hasibra, Iris, Bakunts, Nune, Abovyan, Romella, Khachtryan, Evgenia, Redlberger‐Fritz, Monika, Mursalova, Nazifa, Aliyeva, Firuza, Vysotskaya, Veronika, Shmialiova, Natallia, Karaban, Inna, Bossuyt, Nathalie, Barbezange, Cyril, Musa, Sanja, Vukmir, Nina Rodić, Ljubović, Amela Dedeić, Baštinac, Dijana, Vladimirov, Nadezhda, Korsun, Neli, Trifonova, Ivelina, Tabain, Irena, Petrović, Goranka, Karagiannis, Christos, Haralambous, Christos, Jirincova, Helena, Kyncl, Jan, Trebbien, Ramona, Vestergaard, Lasse Skafte, Sadikova, Olga, Eero, Irina, Metsoja, Eliisa, Ikonen, Niina, Lyytikäinen, Outi, Nohynek, Hanna, Fournier, Lucie, Guerrisi, Caroline, Valette, Martine, Machablishvili, Ani, Buda, Silke, Dürrwald, Ralf, Gioula, Georgia, Mary, Emmanouil, Mellou, Kassiani, Rózsa, Mónika, Molnár, Zsuzsanna, Armannsdottir, Brynja, Aspelund, Guðrún, O’Donnell, Joan, Domegan, Lisa, Connell, Jeff, Mandelboim, Michal, Glatman‐Freedman, Aharona, Puzelli, Simona, Palamara, Anna Teresa, Maraglino, Francesco, Smagulova, Smagulova Meiramgul Kanapiyanovna, Userbayev, Aidar Sharipkhanuly, Kalaveshi, Ariana, Jakupi, Xhevat, Gunga, Zana Kaçaniku, Otorbaeva, D. S, Abdyldaeva, S. Zh, Esengeldiev, G. M, Vasiļevska, Darja, Tomašūna, Kate Karolīna, Savicka, Oksana, Gargasiene, Greta, Muralyte, Svajune, Nguyen, Trung‐Nguyen, Mossong, Joel, Abdelrahman, Tamir T., Melillo, Tanya, Zahra, Graziella, Melillo, Jackie, Rakocevic, Bozidarka, Zekovic, Zeljka, Medenica, Sanja, de Lange, Marit, Meijer, Adam, Kochinski, Dragan, Boshevska, Golubinka, Paulsen, Trinehessevik, Bragstad, Karoline, Brydak, Lidia B., Hallmann, Ewelina, Szymański, Karol, Rodrigues, Ana Paula, Verdasca, Nuno, Guiomar, Raquel, Druc, Alina, Apostol, Mariana, Popescu, Rodica, Popovici, Odette, Lazar, Mihaela, Komissarov, Andrey B., Fadeev, Artem, Stolyarov, Kirill, Protić, Jelena, Avdičová, Mária, Mečochová, Adriana, Staroňová, Edita, Sočan, Maja, Prosenc, Katarina, Berginc, Nataša, Larrauri, Amparo, Mazagatos, Clara, Pozo, Francisco, Appelqvist, Emma, Carnahan, AnnaSara, Cabecinhas, Ana Rita Goncalves, Spedaliero, Tania, Jafarov, Navaruz, Safarova, Tamanno, Barotova, Barno, Kovalchuk, Tatyana, Altas, Ayse Basak, Avci, Emine, Ozdemir, Betul, Ovliyakulova, Gurbangul, Dykhanovska, Tetiana, Demchyshyna, Iryna, Koshako, Oksana, Watson, Conall, Zambon, Maria, Lakhani, Anissa, Shepherd, Samantha, Bradley, Declan T., Curran, Tanya, Moore, Catherine, Cottrell, Simon, Kudasheva, Lyudmila, Djemileva, Sultan, and Pleshkov, Boris

Abstract

Background: The emergence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in late 2019 saw the implementation of public health and social measures (PHSM) by countries across Europe to reduce its transmission and impact on populations. Consequently, countries reported changes in influenza circulation and extensive disruptions to routine surveillance systems.MethodsWe describe the epidemiology of influenza in Europe between Weeks 40/2020 and 39/2022 compared to the 2016/17 to 2019/20 seasons, to assess the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic and PHSM on surveillance systems and influenza circulation.ResultsLow detections of influenza were observed through primary care sentinel sources during seasonal influenza periods (Week 40 to 20); 56 (of 39,457 specimens tested; < 1% positivity) in 2020/21 and 7261 (of 64,153 specimens tested; 11% positivity) detections in 2021/22 were observed, compared to an average of 18,383 (of 50,544 specimens tested; 36% positivity) detections in 2016/17 to 2019/20. Similarly, 11 (of 19,989 specimens tested; < 1% positivity) and 1488 (of 23,636 specimens tested; 6% positivity) detections were reported through SARI surveillance sources in 2020/21 and 2021/22, respectively, compared to an average of 2850 (of 10,389 specimens tested; 27% positivity) detections in 2016/17 to 2019/20. However, the 2021/22 interseasonal period saw unusual increases in influenza detections across surveillance site types when PHSM were easing.ConclusionIn conclusion, findings suggest that the restriction and easing of PHSM measures were associated with variations in influenza detections. Our observations of out‐of‐season influenza activity highlight the importance of an integrated respiratory surveillance strategy to monitor circulating respiratory viruses throughout the year to inform optimal prevention and control strategies.

Published
2024

13. Genome-wide Association Study of Susceptibility to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalization in Young Children <5 Years of age.

Author

Egeskov-Cavling, Amanda Marie, Wijhe, Maarten van, Yakimov, Victor, Johannesen, Caroline Klint, Pollard, Andrew J, Trebbien, Ramona, Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Fischer, Thea Kølsen, and investigators, for the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Consortium in Europe (RESCEU)

Subjects
RESPIRATORY syncytial virus infections, GENOME-wide association studies, RESPIRATORY syncytial virus, HOSPITAL care of children, SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms
Abstract

Background Worldwide, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections are among the most common causes of infant hospitalization. Host genetic factors influencing the risk and severity of RSV infection are not well known. Methods We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to investigate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with severe RSV infections using a nested case-control design based on 2 Danish cohorts. We compared SNPs from 1786 children hospitalized with RSV to 45 060 controls without an RSV-coded hospitalization. We performed gene-based testing, tissue enrichment, gene-set enrichment, and a meta-analysis of the 2 cohorts. Finally, an analysis of potential associations between the severity of RSV infection and genetic markers was performed. Results We did not detect any significant genome-wide associations between SNPs and RSV infection or the severity of RSV. We did find potential loci associated with RSV infections on chromosome 5 in 1 cohort but failed to replicate any signals in both cohorts. Conclusions Despite being the largest GWAS of severe RSV infection, we did not detect any genome-wide significant loci. This may be an indication of a lack of power or an absence of signal. Future studies might include mild illness and need to be larger to detect any significant associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Resurgence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in the Summer of 2021 in Denmark—a Large out-of-season Epidemic Affecting Older Children

Author

Lomholt, Frederikke Kristensen, primary, Emborg, Hanne-Dorthe, additional, Nørgaard, Sarah Kristine, additional, Nielsen, Jens, additional, Munkstrup, Charlotte, additional, Møller, Karina Lauenborg, additional, Krog, Jesper Schak, additional, Trebbien, Ramona, additional, and Vestergaard, Lasse Skafte, additional

Published
2024
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15. Evaluation of the Analytical and Clinical Performance of Two RT-PCR Based Point-of-Care Tests; Cepheid Xpert® Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV Plus and SD Biosensor Standard™ M10 Flu/RSV/SARS-CoV-2

Author

Jensen, Christel Barker, primary, Schneider, Uffe Vest, additional, Madsen, Tina Vasehus, additional, Nielsen, Xiaohui Chen, additional, Ma, Chih Man German, additional, Severinsen, Jette Krogh, additional, Hoegh, Anne Mette, additional, Bolt Botnen, Amanda, additional, Trebbien, Ramona, additional, and Lisby, Gorm, additional

Published
2024
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16. Experimental infection of pigs and ferrets with “pre-pandemic,” human-adapted, and swine-adapted variants of the H1N1pdm09 influenza A virus reveals significant differences in viral dynamics and pathological manifestations

Author

Kristensen, Charlotte, primary, Laybourn, Helena A., additional, Crumpton, Jeri-Carol, additional, Martiny, Karen, additional, Webb, Ashley, additional, Ryt-Hansen, Pia, additional, Trebbien, Ramona, additional, Jensen, Henrik E., additional, Nissen, Jakob N., additional, Skovgaard, Kerstin, additional, Webby, Richard J., additional, and Larsen, Lars E., additional

Published
2023
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23. Time-varying association between severe respiratory syncytial virus infections and subsequent severe asthma and wheeze and influences of age at the infection

Author

Wang, Xin, Li, You, Nair, Harish, Campbell, Harry, Reeves, Rachel M, van Wijhe, Maarten, Kølsen Fischer, Thea, Simonsen, Lone, Trebbien, Ramona, Tong, Sabine, Bangert, Mathieu, Demont, Clarisse, Lehtonen, Toni, University Hospital, Turku, Heikkinen, Terho, Teirlinck, Anne, van Boven, Michiel, van der Hoek, Wim, van der Maas, Nicoline, Meijer, Adam, Vazquez Fernandez, Liliana, Bøas, Håkon, Bekkevold, Terese, Flem, Elmira, Stona, Luca, Speltra, Irene, Giaquinto, Carlo, Cheret, Arnaud, Leach, Amanda, Stoszek, Sonia, Beutels, Philippe, Bont, Louis, Pollard, Andrew, Openshaw, Peter, Abram, Michael, Swanson, Kena, Rosen, Brian, Molero, Eva, and Investigators, RESCEU

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Virus, Risk Factors, Wheeze, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Respiratory system, Child, Respiratory Sounds, Retrospective Studies, Asthma, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Infant, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Child, Preschool, Cohort, medicine.symptom, business, Respiratory tract
Abstract

Background Early-life severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has been associated with subsequent risk of asthma and recurrent wheeze. However, changes in the association over time and the interaction effect of the age at first RSV infection are less well understood. We aimed to assess the time-varying association between RSV and subsequent asthma and wheeze admission and explore how the association was affected by the age at RSV infection. Methods We retrospectively followed up a cohort of 23 365 children for a median of 6.9 years using Scottish health databases. Children who were born between 2001 and 2013 and had RSV-associated respiratory tract infection (RTI) admissions under 2 years were in the exposed group; those with unintentional accident admissions under 2 years comprised the control group. The Cox proportional-hazards model was used to report adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of RSV admissions on subsequent asthma and wheeze admissions. We did subgroup analyses by follow-up years. We also explored how this association was affected by the age at first RSV admission. Results The association was strongest in the first 2 years of follow-up and decreased over time. The association persisted for 6 years in children whose first RSV-RTI admission occurred at 6–23 months of age, with an adjusted HR of 3.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.1–4.9) for the first 2 years, 2.3 (95% CI, 1.6–3.2) for 2 to Conclusions We found a more persistent association for subsequent asthma and wheeze in children whose first severe RSV infection occurred at 6–23 months compared to those whose first severe RSV infection occurred at 0–6 months. This provides new evidence for further assessment of the association and RSV intervention programs.

Published
2023

24. Fugleinfluenza (Aviær Influenzavirus)

Author

Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, Larsen, Lars Erik, Trebbien, Ramona, Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, Larsen, Lars Erik, and Trebbien, Ramona

Published
2022

25. Influenza A virus i svin (Svineinfluenza – SwIAV)

Author

Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, Larsen, Lars Erik, Trebbien, Ramona, Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, Larsen, Lars Erik, and Trebbien, Ramona

Published
2022

26. New perspectives on respiratory syncytial virus surveillance at the national level: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Teirlinck, Anne C., primary, Johannesen, Caroline K., additional, Broberg, Eeva K., additional, Penttinen, Pasi, additional, Campbell, Harry, additional, Nair, Harish, additional, Reeves, Rachel M., additional, Bøås, Håkon, additional, Brytting, Mia, additional, Cai, Wei, additional, Carnahan, AnnaSara, additional, Casalegno, Jean-Sebastien, additional, Danis, Kostas, additional, De Gascun, Cillian, additional, Ellis, Joanna, additional, Emborg, Hanne-Dorthe, additional, Gijon, Manuel, additional, Guiomar, Raquel, additional, Hirve, Siddhivinayak S., additional, Jiřincová, Helena, additional, Nohynek, Hanna, additional, Oliva, Jesus Angel, additional, Osei-Yeboah, Richard, additional, Paget, John, additional, Pakarna, Gatis, additional, Pebody, Richard, additional, Presser, Lance, additional, Rapp, Marie, additional, Reiche, Janine, additional, Rodrigues, Ana Paula, additional, Seppälä, Elina, additional, Socan, Maja, additional, Szymanski, Karol, additional, Trebbien, Ramona, additional, Večeřová, Jaromíra, additional, van der Werf, Sylvie, additional, Zambon, Maria, additional, Meijer, Adam, additional, and Fischer, Thea K., additional

Published
2023
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27. New perspectives on respiratory syncytial virus surveillance at the national level:lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Teirlinck, Anne C., Johannesen, Caroline K., Broberg, Eeva K., Penttinen, Pasi, Campbell, Harry, Nair, Harish, Reeves, Rachel M., Bøås, Håkon, Brytting, Mia, Cai, Wei, Carnahan, Anna Sara, Casalegno, Jean Sebastien, Danis, Kostas, De Gascun, Cillian, Ellis, Joanna, Emborg, Hanne Dorthe, Gijon, Manuel, Guiomar, Raquel, Hirve, Siddhivinayak S., Jiřincová, Helena, Nohynek, Hanna, Oliva, Jesus Angel, Osei-Yeboah, Richard, Paget, John, Pakarna, Gatis, Pebody, Richard, Presser, Lance, Rapp, Marie, Reiche, Janine, Rodrigues, Ana Paula, Seppälä, Elina, Socan, Maja, Szymanski, Karol, Trebbien, Ramona, Večeřová, Jaromíra, van der Werf, Sylvie, Zambon, Maria, Meijer, Adam, Fischer, Thea K., Teirlinck, Anne C., Johannesen, Caroline K., Broberg, Eeva K., Penttinen, Pasi, Campbell, Harry, Nair, Harish, Reeves, Rachel M., Bøås, Håkon, Brytting, Mia, Cai, Wei, Carnahan, Anna Sara, Casalegno, Jean Sebastien, Danis, Kostas, De Gascun, Cillian, Ellis, Joanna, Emborg, Hanne Dorthe, Gijon, Manuel, Guiomar, Raquel, Hirve, Siddhivinayak S., Jiřincová, Helena, Nohynek, Hanna, Oliva, Jesus Angel, Osei-Yeboah, Richard, Paget, John, Pakarna, Gatis, Pebody, Richard, Presser, Lance, Rapp, Marie, Reiche, Janine, Rodrigues, Ana Paula, Seppälä, Elina, Socan, Maja, Szymanski, Karol, Trebbien, Ramona, Večeřová, Jaromíra, van der Werf, Sylvie, Zambon, Maria, Meijer, Adam, and Fischer, Thea K.

Abstract

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the resulting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to the reconsideration of surveillance strategies for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and other respiratory viruses. The COVID-19 pandemic and the non-pharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19 had a substantial impact on RSV transmission in many countries, with close to no transmission detected during parts of the usual season of 2020–2021. Subsequent relaxation of social restrictions has resulted in unusual out-of-season resurgences of RSV in several countries, causing a higher healthcare burden and often a higher proportion of hospitalisations than usual among children older than 1 year in age [1]. In case of an emerging infectious disease with pandemic potential, preparedness to scale up surveillance for the emerging disease while continuing the maintenance of surveillance activities of pre-existing seasonal diseases is necessary. The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated, however, a lack of surge capacity in respiratory surveillance [2]. Many of the existing respiratory surveillance systems across Europe were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Usual healthcare seeking routes, that are often the source of the sentinel surveillance, were altered for patients with respiratory symptoms to be diagnosed elsewhere for SARS-CoV-2 in many countries. Additionally, there were initially major reductions in testing availability, workforce numbers and access to test consumables due to repurposing of human and material resources to SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics and surveillance in the first half of 2020 [3, 4]. To help countries prioritise efforts towards construction of resilient and sustainable surveillance systems, the World Health Organization (WHO) European region and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) convened Member State consultations to develop a strategic surveillance framework for a broader respiratory pathogen surveillance in the post-acute phase of the COV, Learning from the COVID-19 pandemic and considering the effects of this pandemic, we provide recommendations that can guide towards sustainable RSV surveillance with the potential to be integrated into the broader perspective of respiratory surveillance. https://bit.ly/40TsO0G.

Published
2023

28. Experimental infection of pigs and ferrets with 'pre-pandemic,' human-adapted, and swineadapted variants of the H1N1pdm09 influenza A virus reveals significant differences in viral dynamics and pathological manifestations

Author

Kristensen, Charlotte, Laybourn, Helena A., Crumpton, Jeri Carol, Martiny, Karen, Webb, Ashley, Ryt-Hansen, Pia, Trebbien, Ramona, Jensen, Henrik E., Nissen, Jakob N., Skovgaard, Kerstin, Webby, Richard J., Larsen, Lars E., Kristensen, Charlotte, Laybourn, Helena A., Crumpton, Jeri Carol, Martiny, Karen, Webb, Ashley, Ryt-Hansen, Pia, Trebbien, Ramona, Jensen, Henrik E., Nissen, Jakob N., Skovgaard, Kerstin, Webby, Richard J., and Larsen, Lars E.

Abstract

Influenza A viruses are RNA viruses that cause epidemics in humans and are enzootic in the pig population globally. In 2009, pig-to-human transmission of a reassortant H1N1 virus (H1N1pdm09) caused the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century. This study investigated the infection dynamics, pathogenesis, and lesions in pigs and ferrets inoculated with natural isolates of swine-adapted, human-adapted, and "pre-pandemic"H1N1pdm09 viruses. Additionally, the direct-contact and aerosol transmission properties of the three H1N1pdm09 isolates were assessed in ferrets. In pigs, inoculated ferrets, and ferrets infected by direct contact with inoculated ferrets, the pre-pandemic H1N1pdm09 virus induced an intermediary viral load, caused the most severe lesions, and had the highest clinical impact. The swine-adapted H1N1pdm09 virus induced the highest viral load, caused intermediary lesions, and had the least clinical impact in pigs. The human-adapted H1N1pdm09 virus induced the highest viral load, caused the mildest lesions, and had the least clinical impact in ferrets infected by direct contact. The discrepancy between viral load and clinical impact presumably reflects the importance of viral host adaptation. Interestingly, the swine-adapted H1N1pdm09 virus was transmitted by aerosols to two-thirds of the ferrets. Further work is needed to assess the risk of human-to-human aerosol transmission of swine-adapted H1N1pdm09 viruses.

Published
2023

30. Influenza Vaccine Type-Dependent Antibody Response in Patients with Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases.

Author

Larsen Rasmussen, Sofie, Kumar, Prabhat, Trebbien, Ramona, Leutscher, Peter, and Rasmussen, Claus

Subjects
INFLUENZA vaccines, RHEUMATISM, ANTIBODY formation, ANTIRHEUMATIC agents, VACCINATION status
Abstract

Background: The study aimed to explore influenza antibody response in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatoid diseases (AIIRDs) stratified by the different vaccine types applied in Denmark during the 2018-2019 influenza season. Methods: Included patients were diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, or spondyloarthritis receiving biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) with or without conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Influenza vaccination status in the 2018-2019 season and vaccine type received were reviewed in the Denmark. Blood samples were drawn ≥ 14 days post vaccination, and antibody titers were determined by the hemagglutinin inhibition (HAI) assay for the serotypes A/Michigan/H1N1, A/Singapore/H3N2, and B/Colorado included in the influenza vaccines in the 2018--2019 season. An overall serotype HAI geometric mean titer (GMT) was calculated from the 3 serotype-specific HAI titers. An overall serotype HAI GMT ≥ 40 was considered protective. Results: Of the 205 included patients, 105 (51%) had received influenza vaccination. One-quarter of vaccinated patients achieved post-vaccination overall serotype HAI GMT ≥40. For patients vaccinated with Influvac, a significantly higher proportion had HAI titers ≥ 40 for 2 serotypes, namely, A/Michigan/H1N1 and A/Singapore/H3N2, than patients vaccinated with Vaxigrip or VaxigripTetra. The same applied to all serotypes HAI GMT, where significantly more patients who received Influvac achieved postvaccination HAI GMT≥40 versus patients who received Vaxigrip (p=0.02) or VaxigripTetra (p=0.002). The latter outcome was explored in a multivariable logistic regression analysis and remained significant when including the following variables: age, sex, treatment with methotrexate and/or prednisolone, type of influenza vaccine, time interval from vaccination to antibody measurement, and previous vaccination status. Conclusion: Influenza antibody levels following vaccination with Influvac in bDMARD-treated patients with AIIRDs were superior to Vaxigrip and VaxigripTetra. Treatment with methotrexate (MTX) did not reduce the antibody response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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32. Interim 2022/23 influenza vaccine effectiveness: six European studies, October 2022 to January 2023

Author

Rose, Angela MC, primary, Maurel, Marine, additional, Emborg, Hanne-Dorthe, additional, Whitaker, Heather, additional, McMenamin, Jim, additional, Howard, Jennifer, additional, Trebbien, Ramona, additional, Watson, Conall, additional, Findlay, Beth, additional, Pozo, Francisco, additional, Botnen, Amanda Bolt, additional, Harvey, Ciaran, additional, Kissling, Esther, additional, and group, European IVE, additional

Published
2023
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35. Fugleinfluenza (Aviær Influenzavirus)

Author

Larsen, Lars Erik, Trebbien, Ramona, Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, and Larsen , Lars Erik

Published
2022

36. Emergence of circulating influenza A H3N2 viruses with genetic drift in the matrix gene: be alert of false‐negative test results

Author

Jørgensen, Rikke Lind, primary, Lerche, Christian Johann, additional, Pedersen, Martin Schou, additional, Kirkby, Nikolai Soren, additional, Botnen, Amanda Bolt, additional, Trebbien, Ramona, additional, Nilsson‐Møller, Stephen, additional, Pinholt, Mette, additional, Nielsen, Alex Christian Yde, additional, Westh, Henrik, additional, Lisby, Jan Gorm, additional, and Schneider, Uffe Vest, additional

Published
2022
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38. Influenza A virus in pigs and birds in Denmark

Author

Olsen, Abbey, Høg, Birgitte Borck, Sandberg, Marianne, Müller , Luise, Torpdahl, Mia, Larsen, Lars, Hjulsager, Charlotte, Ryt-Hansen, Pia, Andersen, Klara M., Trebbien, Ramona, Olsen, Abbey, Høg, Birgitte Borck, Sandberg, Marianne, Müller , Luise, Torpdahl, Mia, Larsen, Lars, Hjulsager, Charlotte, Ryt-Hansen, Pia, Andersen, Klara M., and Trebbien, Ramona

Published
2022

39. Pandemisk risiko:Baggrund, relevans og perspektiv

Author

Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, Conrady, Beate, Kjær, Lene Jung, Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, Conrady, Beate, and Kjær, Lene Jung

Published
2022

40. Rift Valley Feber

Author

Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, Bødker, René, Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, and Bødker, René

Published
2022

42. Hepatitis E (Hepatitis E virus)

Author

Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, Jokelainen, Pikka, Larsen, Lars Erik, Krog, Jesper Schak, Midgley, Sofie Elisabeth, Vorobieva Solholm Jensen, Veronika, Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, Jokelainen, Pikka, Larsen, Lars Erik, Krog, Jesper Schak, Midgley, Sofie Elisabeth, and Vorobieva Solholm Jensen, Veronika

Published
2022

43. Japansk hjernebetændelse

Author

Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, Bødker, René, Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, and Bødker, René

Published
2022

44. Tularæmi

Author

Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, Hammer, Anne Sofie Vedsted, Bødker , René, Kjær , Lene Jung, Jokelainen , Pikka, Trebbien , Ramona, Boklund , Anette, Larsen , Lars Erik, and Hammer, Anne Sofie Vedsted

Published
2022

45. Emergence of circulating influenza A H3N2 viruses with genetic drift in the matrix gene:be alert of false-negative test results

Author

Jørgensen, Rikke Lind, Lerche, Christian Johann, Pedersen, Martin Schou, Kirkby, Nikolai Soren, Botnen, Amanda Bolt, Trebbien, Ramona, Nilsson-Møller, Stephen, Pinholt, Mette, Nielsen, Alex Christian Yde, Westh, Henrik, Lisby, Jan Gorm, Schneider, Uffe Vest, Jørgensen, Rikke Lind, Lerche, Christian Johann, Pedersen, Martin Schou, Kirkby, Nikolai Soren, Botnen, Amanda Bolt, Trebbien, Ramona, Nilsson-Møller, Stephen, Pinholt, Mette, Nielsen, Alex Christian Yde, Westh, Henrik, Lisby, Jan Gorm, and Schneider, Uffe Vest

Abstract

In March 2022, we observed samples with a negative fluorescent signal (60.5%, n = 43) for the influenza A matrix gene and a stronger positive signal for subtype A(H3N2). Forty-three samples were positive in InfA (H3N2) (mean Cq 30.9, range 23.9–35.1), and 26 of the 43 samples were negative in InfA matrix (mean Cq 28.0, range 23.2–30.6). Our multiplex test is a laboratory-developed four-target, four-color influenza A reverse-transcription PCR assay targeting the matrix gene, subtypes A(H3N2) and A(H1N1)pdm09. Several samples were negative when retested on commercial influenza Point-of-Care assays. As the matrix gene is a stand-alone target in most commercial diagnostic assays, we caution against false-negative subtype A test results.

Published
2022

46. Flu Vaccine and Mortality in Hypertension:A Nationwide Cohort Study

Author

Modin, Daniel, Claggett, Brian, Jørgensen, Mads Emil, Køber, Lars, Benfield, Thomas, Schou, Morten, Jensen, Jens Ulrik Stæhr, Solomon, Scott D., Trebbien, Ramona, Fralick, Michael, Vardeny, Orly, Pfeffer, Marc A., Torp-Pedersen, Christian, Gislason, Gunnar, Biering-Sørensen, Tor, Modin, Daniel, Claggett, Brian, Jørgensen, Mads Emil, Køber, Lars, Benfield, Thomas, Schou, Morten, Jensen, Jens Ulrik Stæhr, Solomon, Scott D., Trebbien, Ramona, Fralick, Michael, Vardeny, Orly, Pfeffer, Marc A., Torp-Pedersen, Christian, Gislason, Gunnar, and Biering-Sørensen, Tor

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Influenza infection may increase the risk of stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Whether influenza vaccination may reduce mortality in patients with hypertension is currently unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed a nationwide cohort study including all patients with hypertension in Denmark during 9 consecutive influenza seasons in the period 2007 to 2016 who were prescribed at least 2 different classes of antihyperten-sive medication (renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, diuretics, calcium antagonists, or beta-blockers). We excluded patients who were aged <18 years, >100 years, had ischemic heart disease, heart failure, chronic obstructive lung disease, cancer, or cerebrovascular disease. The exposure to influenza vaccination was assessed before each influenza season. The end points were defined as death from all-causes, from cardiovascular causes, or from stroke or AMI. For each influenza season, patients were followed from December 1 until April 1 the next year. We included a total of 608 452 patients. The median follow-up was 5 seasons (interquartile range, 2– 8 seasons) resulting in a total follow-up time of 975 902 person-years. Vaccine cover-age ranged from 26% to 36% during the study seasons. During follow-up 21 571 patients died of all-causes (3.5%), 12 270 patients died of cardiovascular causes (2.0%), and 3846 patients died of AMI/stroke (0.6%). After adjusting for confounders, vaccination was significantly associated with reduced risks of all-cause death (HR, 0.82; P<0.001), cardiovascular death (HR, 0.84; P<0.001), and death from AMI/stroke (HR, 0.90; P=0.017). CONCLUSIONS: Influenza vaccination was significantly associated with reduced risks of death from all-causes, cardiovascular causes, and AMI/stroke in patients with hypertension. Influenza vaccination might improve outcome in hypertension.

Published
2022

49. Flu Vaccine and Mortality in Hypertension: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Author

Modin, Daniel, primary, Claggett, Brian, additional, Jørgensen, Mads Emil, additional, Køber, Lars, additional, Benfield, Thomas, additional, Schou, Morten, additional, Jensen, Jens‐Ulrik Stæhr, additional, Solomon, Scott D., additional, Trebbien, Ramona, additional, Fralick, Michael, additional, Vardeny, Orly, additional, Pfeffer, Marc A., additional, Torp‐Pedersen, Christian, additional, Gislason, Gunnar, additional, and Biering‐Sørensen, Tor, additional

Published
2022
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50. Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospital Admissions in Children Younger Than 5 Years in 7 European Countries Using Routinely Collected Datasets

Author

Reeves, Rachel M, van Wijhe, Maarten, Tong, Sabine, Lehtonen, Toni, Stona, Luca, Teirlinck, Anne C, Fernandez, Liliana Vazquez, Li, You, Giaquinto, Carlo, Fischer, Thea Kølsen, Demont, Clarisse, Heikkinen, Terho, Speltra, Irene, van Boven, Michiel, Bøås, Håkon, Campbell, Harry, Nair, Harish, Simonsen, Lone, Trebbien, Ramona, Bangert, Mathieu, Teirlinck, Anne, van der Hoek, Wim, van der Maas, Nicoline, Meijer, Adam, Bøas, Håkon, Bekkevold, Terese, Flem, Elmira, Cheret, Arnaud, Leach, Amanda, Stoszek, Sonia, Beutels, Philippe, Bont, Louis, Pollard, Andrew, Openshaw, Peter, Abram, Michael, Swanson, Kena, Rosen, Brian, and Molero, Eva

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, hospital admissions, respiratory syncytial virus, 030106 microbiology, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Europe, RSV, national registry data, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Epidemiology, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Respiratory system, Respiratory Tract Infections, business.industry, Time trends, Vaccination, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Hospitals, 3. Good health, Pathogenic organism, Hospitalization, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunization, Child, Preschool, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, Hospital admission, Female, business, Respiratory tract
Abstract

Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of respiratory tract infection (RTI) in young children. Registries provide opportunities to explore RSV epidemiology and burden. Methods We explored routinely collected hospital data on RSV in children aged < 5 years in 7 European countries. We compare RSV-associated admission rates, age, seasonality, and time trends between countries. Results We found similar age distributions of RSV-associated hospital admissions in each country, with the highest burden in children Conclusions Our results demonstrate the benefits and limitations of using linked routinely collected data to explore epidemiology and burden of RSV. Our future work will use these data to generate estimates of RSV burden using time-series modelling methodology, to inform policymaking and regulatory decisions regarding RSV immunization strategy and monitor the impact of future vaccines.

Published
2020

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