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1. Speechreading, Phonological Skills, and Word Reading Ability in Children

Author

Fiona E. Kyle and Natasha Trickey

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between speechreading ability, phonological skills, and word reading ability in typically developing children. Method: Sixty-six typically developing children (6-7 years old) completed tasks measuring word reading, speechreading (words, sentences, and short stories), alliteration awareness, rhyme awareness, nonword reading, and rapid automatized naming (RAN). Results: Speechreading ability was significantly correlated with rhyme and alliteration awareness, phonological error rate, nonword reading, and reading ability (medium effect sizes) and RAN (small effect size). Multiple regression analyses showed that speechreading was not a unique predictor of word reading ability beyond the contribution of phonological skills. A speechreading error analysis revealed that children tended to use a phonological strategy when speechreading, and in particular, this strategy was used by skilled speechreaders. Conclusions: The current study provides converging evidence that speechreading and phonological skills are positively related in typically developing children. These skills are likely to have a reciprocal relationship, and children may benefit from having their attention drawn to visual information available on the lips while learning letter sounds or learning to read, as this could augment and strengthen underlying phonological representations.

Published
2024
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2. Ziphius cavirostris presence relative to the vertical and temporal variability of oceanographic conditions in the Southern California Bight.

Author

Schoenbeck, Clara, Solsona-Berga, Alba, Franks, Peter, Frasier, Kaitlin, Trickey, Jennifer, Aguilar, Catalina, Schroeder, Isaac, Širović, Ana, Bograd, Steven, Gopalakrishnan, Ganesh, and Baumann-Pickering, Simone

Subjects
Cuviers beaked whales, El Niño, Southern California Bight, echolocation clicks, habitat model, optimum multiparameter analysis, passive acoustic monitoring, water masses
Abstract

The oceanographic conditions of the Southern California Bight (SCB) dictate the distribution and abundance of prey resources and therefore the presence of mobile predators, such as goose-beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris). Goose-beaked whales are deep-diving odontocetes that spend a majority of their time foraging at depth. Due to their cryptic behavior, little is known about how they respond to seasonal and interannual changes in their environment. This study utilizes passive acoustic data recorded from two sites within the SCB to explore the oceanographic conditions that goose-beaked whales appear to favor. Utilizing optimum multiparameter analysis, modeled temperature and salinity data are used to identify and quantify these source waters: Pacific Subarctic Upper Water (PSUW), Pacific Equatorial Water (PEW), and Eastern North Pacific Central Water (ENPCW). The interannual and seasonal variability in goose-beaked whale presence was related to the variability in El Niño Southern Oscillation events and the fraction and vertical distribution of the three source waters. Goose-beaked whale acoustic presence was highest during the winter and spring and decreased during the late summer and early fall. These seasonal increases occurred at times of increased fractions of PEW in the California Undercurrent and decreased fractions of ENPCW in surface waters. Interannual increases in goose-beaked whale presence occurred during El Niño events. These results establish a baseline understanding of the oceanographic characteristics that correlate with goose-beaked whale presence in the SCB. Furthering our knowledge of this elusive species is key to understanding how anthropogenic activities impact goose-beaked whales.

Published
2024

3. Machine learning with taxonomic family delimitation aids in the classification of ephemeral beaked whale events in passive acoustic monitoring.

Author

Solsona-Berga, Alba, DeAngelis, Annamaria, Cholewiak, Danielle, Trickey, Jennifer, Mueller-Brennan, Liam, Frasier, Kaitlin, Van Parijs, Sofie, and Baumann-Pickering, Simone

Subjects
Animals, Whales, Acoustics, Vocalization, Animal, Machine Learning, Neural Networks, Computer
Abstract

Passive acoustic monitoring is an essential tool for studying beaked whale populations. This approach can monitor elusive and pelagic species, but the volume of data it generates has overwhelmed researchers ability to quantify species occurrence for effective conservation and management efforts. Automation of data processing is crucial, and machine learning algorithms can rapidly identify species using their sounds. Beaked whale acoustic events, often infrequent and ephemeral, can be missed when co-occurring with signals of more abundant, and acoustically active species that dominate acoustic recordings. Prior efforts on large-scale classification of beaked whale signals with deep neural networks (DNNs) have approached the class as one of many classes, including other odontocete species and anthropogenic signals. That approach tends to miss ephemeral events in favor of more common and dominant classes. Here, we describe a DNN method for improved classification of beaked whale species using an extensive dataset from the western North Atlantic. We demonstrate that by training a DNN to focus on the taxonomic family of beaked whales, ephemeral events were correctly and efficiently identified to species, even with few echolocation clicks. By retrieving ephemeral events, this method can support improved estimation of beaked whale occurrence in regions of high odontocete acoustic activity.

Published
2024

4. Predictors of quality of life, functional status, depression and fatigue in early arthritis: comparison between clinically suspect arthralgia, unclassified arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis

Author

Torlinska, Barbara, Raza, Karim, Filer, Andrew, Jutley, Gurpreet, Sahbudin, Ilfita, Singh, Ruchir, de Pablo, Paola, Rankin, Elizabeth, Rhodes, Benjamin, Amft, Nicole, Justice, Elizabeth, McGrath, Catherine, Baskar, Sangeetha, Trickey, Jeanette, Calvert, Melanie, and Falahee, Marie

Published
2024
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8. Addressing knowledge gaps in Surgical Safety Checklist use: statistical process control analysis of a surgical quality improvement programme in Ethiopia.

Author

Negussie Mammo, Tihitena, Trickey, Amber, Gebeyehu, Natnael, Koritsanszky, Luca, Alemu, Mechale, Tara, Mansi, Alemu, Senait, Evans, Faye, Kahsay, Selam, Weiser, Thomas, Nofal, Maia, and Starr, Nichole

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The WHO Surgical Safety Checklist reduces morbidity and mortality after surgery, but uptake remains challenging. In particular, low-income countries have been found to have lower rates of checklist use compared with high-income countries. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of educational workshops on Surgical Safety Checklist use implemented as part of a quality improvement initiative in five hospitals in Ethiopia that had variable experience with the Surgical Safety Checklist. METHODS: From April 2019 to September 2020, each hospital implemented a 6-month surgical quality improvement programme, which included a Surgical Safety Checklist workshop. Statistical process control methodology was used to understand the variation in Surgical Safety Checklist compliance before and after workshops and a time-series analysis was performed using population-averaged generalized estimating equation Poisson regression. Checklist compliance was defined as correctly completing a sign in, timeout, and sign out. Incidence rate ratios of correct checklist use pre- and post-intervention were calculated and the change in mean weekly compliance was predicted. RESULTS: Checklist compliance data were obtained from 2767 operations (1940 (70 per cent) pre-intervention and 827 (30 per cent) post-intervention). Mean weekly checklist compliance improved from 27.3 to 41.2 per cent (mean difference 13.9 per cent, P = 0.001; incidence rate ratio 1.51, P = 0.001). Hospitals with higher checklist compliance at baseline had the greatest overall improvements in compliance, more than 50 per cent over pre-intervention, while low-performing hospitals showed no improvement. CONCLUSION: Surgical Safety Checklist workshops improved checklist compliance in hospitals with some experience with its use. Workshops had little effect in hospitals unfamiliar with the Surgical Safety Checklist, emphasizing the importance of multifactorial interventions and culture-change approaches. In receptive facilities, short workshops can accelerate behaviour change.

Published
2023

9. A protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial of unguided internet cognitive behaviour therapy for grief in adolescents

Author

Sarah J. Egan, Caitlin Munro, Sian B. Pauley-Gadd, Amy O'Brien, Thomas Callaghan, Nicholas Payne, Shravan Raghav, Bronwyn Myers, Christopher Hall, Hayden Wilson, Maarten C. Eisma, Paul A. Boelen, Kirsten V. Smith, Jennifer Wild, Michael Duffy, David Trickey, Elizabeth Bills, and Lauren J. Breen

Subjects
Grief, Loss, Cognitive behaviour therapy, Internet, Adolescence, Information technology, T58.5-58.64, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Grief is highly prevalent in adolescents, however, there have been no studies investigating internet delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for grief in adolescents (ICBT-G-A). In this paper, the co-design of an unguided ICBT-G-A intervention is described, and a protocol outlined for a pilot randomised controlled trial of the intervention. Participants will be randomised to the intervention (delivered via eight modules over a four-week period) or a four-week waitlist control. Intervention participants will complete a follow-up assessment at one-month post-intervention (eight weeks from the pre-intervention assessment). The intervention outcomes assessed at pre-intervention, post-intervention and follow-up include wellbeing and symptoms of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, and prolonged grief. User feedback on experiences and acceptability of the intervention will be sought and feasibility assessed via programmatic data on recruitment and attrition.

Published
2024
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10. Excess mortality attributable to AIDS among people living with HIV in high‐income countries: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Author

Adam Trickey, Julie Ambia, Robert Glaubius, Cari vanSchalkwyk, Jeffrey W. Imai‐Eaton, Eline L. Korenromp, and Leigh F. Johnson

Subjects
ARV, cause‐specific, death, parameters, rates, survival, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Abstract Introduction Identifying strategies to further reduce AIDS‐related mortality requires accurate estimates of the extent to which mortality among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is due to AIDS‐related or non‐AIDS‐related causes. Existing approaches to estimating AIDS‐related mortality have quantified AIDS‐related mortality as total mortality among PLHIV in excess of age‐ and sex‐matched mortality in populations without HIV. However, recent evidence suggests that, with high antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage, a growing proportion of excess mortality among PLHIV is non‐AIDS‐related. Methods We searched Embase on 22/09/2023 for English language studies that contained data on AIDS‐related mortality rates among adult PLHIV and age‐matched comparator all‐cause mortality rates among people without HIV. We extracted data on the number and rates of all‐cause and AIDS‐related deaths, demographics, ART use and AIDS‐related mortality definitions. We calculated the proportion of excess mortality among PLHIV that is AIDS‐related. The proportion of excess mortality due to AIDS was pooled using random‐effects meta‐analysis. Results Of 4485 studies identified by the initial search, eight were eligible, all from high‐income settings: five from Europe, one from Canada, one from Japan and one from South Korea. No studies reported on mortality among only untreated PLHIV. One study included only PLHIV on ART. In all studies, most PLHIV were on ART by the end of follow‐up. Overall, 1,331,742 person‐years and 17,471 deaths were included from PLHIV, a mortality rate of 13.1 per 1000 person‐years. Of these deaths, 7721 (44%) were AIDS‐related, an overall AIDS‐related mortality rate of 5.8 per 1000 person‐years. The mean overall mortality rate among the general population was 2.8 (95% CI: 1.8–4.0) per 1000 person‐years. The meta‐analysed percentage of excess mortality that was AIDS‐related was 53% (95% CI: 45–61%); 52% (43–60%) in Western and Central Europe and North America, and 71% (69–74%) in the Asia‐Pacific region. Discussion Although we searched all regions, we only found eligible studies from high‐income countries, mostly European, so, the generalizability of these results to other regions and epidemic settings is unknown. Conclusions Around half of the excess mortality among PLHIV in high‐income regions was non‐AIDS‐related. An emphasis on preventing and treating comorbidities linked to non‐AIDS mortality among PLHIV is required.

Published
2024
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11. Incidence of HIV and hepatitis C virus among people who inject drugs, and associations with age and sex or gender: a global systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Artenie, Adelina, Stone, Jack, Fraser, Hannah, Stewart, Daniel, Arum, Chiedozie, Lim, Aaron G, McNaughton, Anna L, Trickey, Adam, Ward, Zoe, Abramovitz, Daniela, Alary, Michel, Astemborski, Jacquie, Bruneau, Julie, Clipman, Steven J, Coffin, Carla S, Croxford, Sara, DeBeck, Kora, Emanuel, Eva, Hayashi, Kanna, Hermez, Joumana G, Low-Beer, Daniel, Luhmann, Niklas, Macphail, Gisela, Maher, Lisa, Palmateer, Norah E, Patel, Eshan U, Sacks-Davis, Rachel, Van Den Boom, Wijnand, van Santen, Daniela K, Walker, Josephine G, Hickman, Matthew, Vickerman, Peter, Group, HIV and HCV Incidence Review Collaborative, Aladashvili, Malvina, Azim, Tasnim, Dietze, Paul, Dumchev, Kostyantyn, Havens, Jennifer R, Hellard, Margaret, Hutchinson, Sharon, Iversen, Jennifer, Judd, Ali, Kåberg, Martin, Kurth, Ann E, Mehta, Shruti H, Mravčík, Viktor, Prins, Maria, Solomon, Sunil S, Strathdee, Steffanie A, Sypsa, Vana, Todd, Catherine S, Valencia, Jorge, and Wisse, Ernst

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Hepatitis, Infectious Diseases, Social Determinants of Health, Digestive Diseases, Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, Hepatitis - C, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Women's Health, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Emerging Infectious Diseases, Substance Misuse, HIV/AIDS, Liver Disease, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Male, Humans, Female, Hepacivirus, Substance Abuse, Intravenous, Drug Users, Incidence, HIV Infections, Canada, Hepatitis C, HIV and HCV Incidence Review Collaborative Group, Clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundMeasuring the incidence of HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among people who inject drugs (PWID) is key to track progress towards elimination. We aimed to summarise global data on HIV and primary HCV incidence among PWID and associations with age and sex or gender.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, we updated an existing database of HIV and HCV incidence studies among PWID by searching MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO, capturing studies published between Jan 1, 2000, and Dec 12, 2022, with no language or study design restrictions. We contacted authors of identified studies for unpublished or updated data. We included studies that estimated incidence by longitudinally re-testing people at risk of infection or by using assays for recent infection. We pooled incidence and relative risk (RR; young [generally defined as ≤25 years] vs older PWID; women vs men) estimates using random-effects meta-analysis and assessed risk of bias with a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020220884.FindingsOur updated search identified 9493 publications, of which 211 were eligible for full-text review. An additional 377 full-text records from our existing database and five records identified through cross-referencing were assessed. Including 28 unpublished records, 125 records met the inclusion criteria. We identified 64 estimates of HIV incidence (30 from high-income countries [HICs] and 34 from low-income or middle-income countries [LMICs]) and 66 estimates of HCV incidence (52 from HICs and 14 from LMICs). 41 (64%) of 64 HIV and 42 (64%) of 66 HCV estimates were from single cities rather than being multi-city or nationwide. Estimates were measured over 1987-2021 for HIV and 1992-2021 for HCV. Pooled HIV incidence was 1·7 per 100 person-years (95% CI 1·3-2·3; I2=98·4%) and pooled HCV incidence was 12·1 per 100 person-years (10·0-14·6; I2=97·2%). Young PWID had a greater risk of HIV (RR 1·5, 95% CI 1·2-1·8; I2=66·9%) and HCV (1·5, 1·3-1·8; I2=70·6%) acquisition than older PWID. Women had a greater risk of HIV (RR 1·4, 95% CI 1·1-1·6; I2=55·3%) and HCV (1·2, 1·1-1·3; I2=43·3%) acquisition than men. For both HIV and HCV, the median risk-of-bias score was 6 (IQR 6-7), indicating moderate risk.InterpretationAlthough sparse, available HIV and HCV incidence estimates offer insights into global levels of HIV and HCV transmission among PWID. Intensified efforts are needed to keep track of the HIV and HCV epidemics among PWID and to expand access to age-appropriate and gender-appropriate prevention services that serve young PWID and women who inject drugs.FundingCanadian Institutes of Health Research, Fonds de recherche du Québec-Santé, Canadian Network on Hepatitis C, UK National Institute for Health and Care Research, and WHO.

Published
2023

12. ENTRUST: A Serious Game-Based Virtual Patient Platform to Assess Entrustable Professional Activities in Graduate Medical Education.

Author

Lin, Dana, Melcer, Edward, Keehl, Oleksandra, Eddington, Hyrum, Trickey, Amber, Tsai, Jason, Camacho, Fatyma, Merrell, Sylvia, Korndorffer, James, and Liebert, Cara

Subjects
Humans, Internship and Residency, Education, Medical, Graduate, Competency-Based Education, Clinical Competence, Clinical Decision-Making
Abstract

BACKGROUND: As entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are implemented in graduate medical education, there is a great need for tools to efficiently and objectively evaluate clinical competence. Readiness for entrustment in surgery requires not only assessment of technical ability, but also the critical skill of clinical decision-making. OBJECTIVE: We report the development of ENTRUST, a serious game-based, virtual patient case creation and simulation platform to assess trainees decision-making competence. A case scenario and corresponding scoring algorithm for the Inguinal Hernia EPA was iteratively developed and aligned with the description and essential functions outlined by the American Board of Surgery. In this study we report preliminary feasibility data and validity evidence. METHODS: In January 2021, the case scenario was deployed and piloted on ENTRUST with 19 participants of varying surgical expertise levels to demonstrate proof of concept and initial validity evidence. Total score, preoperative sub-score, and intraoperative sub-score were analyzed by training level and years of medical experience using Spearman rank correlations. Participants completed a Likert scale user acceptance survey (1=strongly agree to 7=strongly disagree). RESULTS: Median total score and intraoperative mode sub-score were higher with each progressive level of training (rho=0.79, P

Published
2023

16. Predictors of quality of life, functional status, depression and fatigue in early arthritis: comparison between clinically suspect arthralgia, unclassified arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis

Author

Barbara Torlinska, Karim Raza, Andrew Filer, Gurpreet Jutley, Ilfita Sahbudin, Ruchir Singh, Paola de Pablo, Elizabeth Rankin, Benjamin Rhodes, Nicole Amft, Elizabeth Justice, Catherine McGrath, Sangeetha Baskar, Jeanette Trickey, Melanie Calvert, and Marie Falahee

Subjects
Patient-reported outcomes measures, Rheumatoid arthritis, Unclassified arthritis, Clinically suspect arthralgia, Undifferentiated arthritis, Pre-RA stages, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is often preceded by symptomatic phases during which classification criteria are not fulfilled. The health burden of these “at-risk” stages is not well described. This study assessed health-related quality of life (HRQoL), function, fatigue and depression in newly presenting patients with clinically suspect arthralgia (CSA), unclassified arthritis (UA) or RA. Methods Cross-sectional analysis of baseline Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) was conducted in patients from the Birmingham Early Arthritis Cohort. HRQoL, function, depression and fatigue at presentation were assessed using EQ-5D, HAQ-DI, PHQ-9 and FACIT-F. PROMs were compared across CSA, UA and RA and with population averages from the HSE with descriptive statistics. Multivariate linear regression assessed associations between PROMs and clinical and sociodemographic variables. Results Of 838 patients included in the analysis, 484 had RA, 200 had CSA and 154 had UA. Patients with RA reported worse outcomes for all PROMs than those with CSA or UA. However, “mean EQ-5D utilities were 0.65 (95%CI: 0.61 to 0.69) in CSA, 0.61 (0.56 to 0.66) in UA and 0.47 (0.44 to 0.50) in RA, which was lower than in general and older (≥ 65 years) background populations.” In patients with CSA or UA, HRQoL was comparable to chronic conditions such as heart failure, severe COPD or mild angina. Higher BMI and older age (≥ 60 years) predicted worse depression (PHQ-9: -2.47 (-3.85 to -1.09), P

Published
2024
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17. High-temperature self-energy corrections to x-ray absorption spectra

Author

Tan, Tun S., Kas, J. J., Trickey, S. B., and Rehr, J. J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Effects of finite-temperature quasiparticle self-energy corrections to x-ray absorption spectra are investigated within the finite-temperature quasiparticle local density GW approximation up to temperatures $T$ of order the Fermi temperature. To facilitate the calculations, we parametrize the quasiparticle self-energy using low-order polynomial fits. We show that temperature-driven decrease in the electron lifetime substantially broadens the spectra in the near-edge region with increasing $T$. However, the quasiparticle shift is most strongly modified near the onset of plasmon excitations.

Published
2022
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19. Ziphius cavirostris presence relative to the vertical and temporal variability of oceanographic conditions in the Southern California Bight

Author

Clara M. Schoenbeck, Alba Solsona‐Berga, Peter J. S. Franks, Kaitlin E. Frasier, Jennifer S. Trickey, Catalina Aguilar, Isaac D. Schroeder, Ana Širović, Steven J. Bograd, Ganesh Gopalakrishnan, and Simone Baumann‐Pickering

Subjects
Cuvier's beaked whales, echolocation clicks, El Niño, habitat model, optimum multiparameter analysis, passive acoustic monitoring, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract The oceanographic conditions of the Southern California Bight (SCB) dictate the distribution and abundance of prey resources and therefore the presence of mobile predators, such as goose‐beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris). Goose‐beaked whales are deep‐diving odontocetes that spend a majority of their time foraging at depth. Due to their cryptic behavior, little is known about how they respond to seasonal and interannual changes in their environment. This study utilizes passive acoustic data recorded from two sites within the SCB to explore the oceanographic conditions that goose‐beaked whales appear to favor. Utilizing optimum multiparameter analysis, modeled temperature and salinity data are used to identify and quantify these source waters: Pacific Subarctic Upper Water (PSUW), Pacific Equatorial Water (PEW), and Eastern North Pacific Central Water (ENPCW). The interannual and seasonal variability in goose‐beaked whale presence was related to the variability in El Niño Southern Oscillation events and the fraction and vertical distribution of the three source waters. Goose‐beaked whale acoustic presence was highest during the winter and spring and decreased during the late summer and early fall. These seasonal increases occurred at times of increased fractions of PEW in the California Undercurrent and decreased fractions of ENPCW in surface waters. Interannual increases in goose‐beaked whale presence occurred during El Niño events. These results establish a baseline understanding of the oceanographic characteristics that correlate with goose‐beaked whale presence in the SCB. Furthering our knowledge of this elusive species is key to understanding how anthropogenic activities impact goose‐beaked whales.

Published
2024
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20. Some Problems in Density Functional Theory

Author

Wrighton, Jeffrey, Albavera-Mata, Angel, Rodriguez, Hector Francisco, Tan, Tun S., Cancio, Antonio C., Dufty, J. W., and Trickey, S. B.

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Though calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) are used remarkably widely in chemistry, physics, materials science, and biomolecular research and though the modern form of DFT has been studied for almost 60 years, some mathematical problems remain. For context, we provide an outline of the basic structure of DFT, then pose several questions regarding both its time-independent and time-dependent forms. Progress on any of these would aid in development of better approximate functionals and in interpretation.

Published
2022
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21. Hospital-level volume in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cases and death or disability at 6 months

Author

Hodgson, Carol, Fulcher, Bentley, Linke, Natalie, Board, Jasmin, Buhr, Heidi, Cooper, Jamie, Fraser, John, Bernard, Stephen, Brodie, Daniel, Pilcher, David, Fan, Eddy, Udy, Andrew, Gattas, David, Pellegrino, Vincent, Hopper, Ingrid, Litton, Ed, Nair, Priya, Orford, Neil, Parke, Rachael, Stub, Dion, Higgins, Alisa M., Burrell, Aidan, McGuiness, Shay, Reddi, Benjamin, Trapani, Tony, Huckson, Sue, Anderson, Shannah, Dicker, Craig, Jones, Annalie, Martin, Emma, McCracken, Phoebe, Sheldrake, Jayne, Vallance, Shirley, Young, Meredith, Bellomo, Rinaldo, Eastwood, Glenn, Hilton, Andrew, Peck, Leah, Dyett, John, Hunter, Stephanie, Liew, Cheelim, Heard, Joshua, Lijo, Sebastian, Nourse, Mary, Rai, Sumeet, Singh, Manoj, Veerendra, Hemanth, Xu, Tina, Barrett, Jonathan, Brooks, Kyle, Hanlon, Gabrielle, Allen, Chris, Bizzell, Samantha, Eroglu, Ege, Palermo, Annamaria, Pellicano, Susan, Bersten, Andrew, Bihari, Shailesh, Brown, Julia, Comerford, Sharon, Grear, Laura, McIntyre, Joanne, Jin, Xia, Wiersema, Ubbo, Figures, Dee, Gough, Maimoonbe, Pitman, Julie, Tallott, Mandy, Winearls, James, Brieva, Jorge, Hopkins, Madeleine, Jayarman, Nanda, Poulter, Amber-Louise, Quarello, Kate, Aneman, Anders, Austin, Danielle, McCanny, Peter, Miller, Jennene, Murfin, Brendan, Cox, Yolanda, Guo, Stephanie, Shehabi, Yayha, Brown, Amanda, Butt, Pamela, Bushell, Rachel, Lavana, Jayshree, Lockwood, Dawn, Pearce, India, Salt, Gavin, Thambiraj, Solomon, Howard, Meg, Joyce, Chris, Meyer, Jason, Walsham, James, Brown, Nerissa, Glasby, Kathleen, O'Connor, Stephanie, Rivett, Justine, Yap, Joannies, Bristow, Debra, Pincus, Jason, Stuart, Janine, Anstey, James, Barge, Deborah, Butler, Menoly, Gebbie, Bradley, Bass, Frances, Janin, Pierre, Hammond, Naomi, Potger, Kieron, Yarad, Elizabeth, Carey, Ruaidhri, Coles, Jennifer, Totaro, Richard, Anstey, Matthew, Endemann, Anthadene, Hardy, Sarah, Popa, Roxana, Richards, Stephen, Rock, Lara, Wibrow, Bradley, Barbazza, Leanne, Dixon, Barry, Holmes, Jennifer, Hurune, Patricia, O'Brien, Yvette, Buscher, Hergen, Newman, Sally, Reynolds, Claire, Henson, Gail, Senthuran, Siva, Win, April, Breguet, Samantha, Horton, Michelle, McCaffrey, Joe, Trickey, Jemma, Bannerjee, Ashoke, Davidson, Benjamin, Joy, Jenyfer, Kong, Jing, Ertugrul, Atacan D., Neto, Ary Serpa, Fulcher, Bentley J., Charles-Nelson, Anaïs, Bailey, Michael, Burrell, Aidan J.C., Board, Jasmin V., Cooper, D. James, Fraser, John F., Gattas, David J., Hopper, Ingrid K., Linke, Natalie J., Litton, Edward, McGuinness, Shay P., Parke, Rachael L., Pellegrino, Vincent A., Pilcher, David V., Udy, Andrew A., Reddi, Benjamin A.J., Trapani, Tony V., and Hodgson, Carol L.

Published
2024
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23. Stroke in critically ill patients with respiratory failure due to COVID-19: Disparities between low-middle and high-income countries

Author

Al-Dabbous, Tala, Alfoudri, Huda, Shamsah, Mohammed, Alfroukh, Khadeejeh, Bairmani, Zinah Aqeel Abdulzahra, Khalid, Khalid Jehad, Abukhalaf, Salsabeel M.A., Hadhoud, Mohammed Maher, Abdrabo, Mohamed Fouad, Fathi, Mohamed, Alhouri, Hasan, Shahla, Dr Hamza, Alhadad, Qamrah, Hanan, Matly, Elapavaluru, Subbarao, Berg, Ashley, Horn, Christina, Abdelhalim, Ahmed Reda Mohamed Elsayed, Amer, Amro Essam, Elnaggar, Cinderella Omar Rageh, Hassan, Ahmed Ayman, Abdelaziz, Ali, Abdelhalim, Mohamed, Orabi, Yehia Samir Shaaban Aly, Alaraji, Zinah A., Muhaisen, Mo'nes R., Almasri, Lana, Mustafa, Dana, Hamdan, Shaher, Al-Saba'a, Yousef, Dalloul, Zaina, Alkahlout, Mohammed, Jaber, Hamza, Aldabbourosama, Osama, Abdalhadi, Alaa Abdalfattah, Hussein, Aliae AR Mohamed, Emad, Zarief Kamel, Khaled, Sarah, Mohamed, Nouralsabah, Hassanin, Ebtisam, Hamdi, Abdelhafeez, Gamal, May, Emad, Ahmed, Ragab, Abdelrahman, Azizeldin, Mohammed G, Hamza, Almthani, Omer, Alsarrah Ali Mohammed, Fadl alla, Asgad Osman Abdalla, Abdallahrs, Asia Atif Abdelrahman, Eltayeb, Aml Ahmed, Alhasan, Maali khalid mohamed abdalla, Abdelgaum, Esraa Hassan, Ahmed, Aya Mustafa, Abdulbaqi, Lamees Adil, Mohammedelhassan, Omer Abdullah, Ahmed, Musaab Mohammed Mohammed, Ali, Maha TagElser Mohammed, Mayasi, Yunis, Schroll, Stephan, Meyer, Dan, Velazco, Jorge, Ploskanych, Ludmyla, Fikes, Wanda, Bagewadi, Rohini, Dao, Marvin, White, Haley, Laviena, Alondra Berrios, Ehlers, Ashley, Shalabi-McGuire, Maysoon, Witt, Trent, Grazioli, Lorenzo, Lorini, Luca, Grandin, E. Wilson, Nunez, Jose, Reyes, Tiago, O'Briain, Diarmuid, Hunter, Stephanie, Ramanan, Mahesh, Affleck, Julia, Veerendra, Hemanth Hurkadli, Rai, Sumeet, Russell-Brown, Josie, Nourse, Mary, Joseph, Mark, Mitchell, Brook, Tenzer, Martha, Abe, Ryuzo, Cho, Hwa Jin, Jeong, In Seok, Rahman, Nadeem, Kakar, Vivek, Tamimi, Ahmed, Zabalawi, Diala, Elhennawi, Mohamed, Ghisulal, Praveen, Malik, Sadaf, Brozzi, Nicolas, Mehkri, Omar, Krishnan, Sudhir, Duggal, Abhijit, Houltham, Stuart, Graf, Jerónimo, Diaz, Roderigo, Orrego, Roderigo, Delgado, Camila, González, Joyce, Sanchez, Maria Soledad, Piagnerelli, Michael, Sarrazin, Josefa Valenzuela, Zabert, Prof. Gustavo, Espinosa, Lucio, Delgado, Paulo, Delgado, Victoria, Rincón, Diego Fernando Bautista, Yanten, Angela Maria Marulanda, Duque, Melissa Bustamante, Brodie, Daniel, Abouelmagd, Khaled, Elhazmi, Alyaa, Al-Hudaib, Abdullah, Javidfar, Jeff, Callahan, Maria, Dong, Andy, D'Orleans, Charles Crepy, Taufik, M. Azhari, Wardoyo, Elizabeth Yasmin, Gunawan, Margaretha, Trisnaningrum, Nurindah S, Irawany, Vera, Rayhan, Muhammad, Panigada, Mauro, Pesenti, Antonio, Zanella, Alberto, Grasselli, Giacomo, Colombo, Sebastiano, Martinet, Chiara, Florio, Gaetano, Antonelli, Massimo, Carelli, Simone, Grieco, Domenico L., Asaki, Motohiro, Hoshino, Kota, Salazar, Leonardo, Monsalve, Mary Alejandra Mendoza, Laffey, John, McNicholas, Bairbre, Cosgrave, David, Atif, Minha, Qutishat, Fadi, Laffey, Caoimhe, Van Der Walt, Michaeal, McCaffrey, Joseph, Bone, Allison, Trickey, Jemma, Horton, Michelle, Pearce, Stephanie, Salerno, Tania, Mohamed, Akram, Alhaddad, Salem, Bakeer, Baliad, Haitam, Shames, Shalabi, Laila, Ahmed, Mohammed Abodina, Hakeem, Yusuff, Winearls, James, Tallott, Mandy, Thomson, David, Joubert, Ivan, Arnold-Day, Christel, Piercy, Jenna, Smit, Richard van Zyl, Miller, Malcom, Seymour, Lisa, van Heyningen, Francois, Teyangesikayi, Gilbert, Fredericks, David, Hssain, Ali Ait, Aliudin, Jeffrey, Alqahtani, Al-Reem, Mohamed, Khoulod, Mohamed, Ahmed, Tan, Darwin, Villanueva, Joy, Zaqout, Ahmed, Labib, Ahmed, Kurtzman, Ethan, Ademi, Arben, Dobrita, Ana, Aoudi, Khadija El, Segura, Juliet, Giwangkancana, Gezy, Ohshimo, Shinichiro, Osatnik, Javier, Joosten, Anne, Torres, Antoni, Yang, Minlan, Motos, Ana, Luna, Carlos, Arancibia, Francisco, Williams, Virginie, Noel, Alexandre, Luque, Nestor, Fantini, Marina, García, Ruth Noemi Jorge, Alvarez, Enrique Chicote, Greti, Anna, Ceccato, Adrian, Sanchez, Angel, Vazquez, Ana Loza, Roche-Campo, Ferran, Franch-Llasat, Diego, Tuazon, Divina, Amato, Marcelo, Cassimiro, Luciana, Pola, Flavio, Ribeiro, Francis, Fonseca, Guilherme, Dalton, Heidi, Desai, Mehul, Osborn, Erik, Deeb, Hala, Arcadipane, Antonio, Martucci, Gennaro, Panarello, Giovanna, Vitiello, Stefano, Bianco, Claudia, Occhipinti, Giovanna, Rossetti, Matteo, Cuffaro, Raffaele, Siddig, Nidhal, Cho, Sung-Min, Whitman, Glenn, Sayed, Marwan El, Mokhtar, Walaa, El-Shenawy, Eslam, Shimizu, Hiroaki, Moriyama, Naoki, Kim, Jae-Burm, Kitamura, Nobuya, Gebauer, Johannes, Yokoyama, Toshiki, Al-Fares, Abdulrahman, Buabbas, Sarah, Alamad, Esam, Alawadhi, Fatma, Alawadi, Kalthoum, Khalefa, Mohamed Ahmed, Ajeel, Nourah Ahmad Abdulaziz Al, Aly, Mohammad Fathy, Al-Saleh, Abdullah, Naanouh, Abdullah, Elshourbgy, Alaa Mohammed, Gad, Mohamed Yousef, ElRazaz, Rania Mohamed, Khadadah, Ibrahim, Almumin, Ahmed Mohammed, Altarakma, Hala, Albannay, Hasan, Alsaleh, Mohammed Kh, Radwan, Mahmoud Saad Abdallah, Saadallah, Islam Ahmed, Tanaka, Hiro, Hashimoto, Satoru, Yamazaki, Masaki, Oh, Tak-Hyuck, Epler, Mark, Forney, Cathleen, Kruse, Louise, Feister, Jared, Williamson, Joelle, Grobengieser, Katherine, Gnall, Eric, Golden, Sasha, Caroline, Mara, Shapiro, Timothy, Karaj, Colleen, Thome, Lisa, Sher, Lynn, Vanderland, Mark, Welch, Mary, McDermott, Sherry, Brain, Matthew, Mineall, Sarah, Unwin, Maria, Chen, Lixian, Trezise, Tarnya, McKeon, Laurie, Kimura, Dai, Brazzi, Luca, Sales, Gabriele, Montrucchio, Giorgia, Ogston, Tawnya, Nagpal, Dave, Fischer, Karlee, Lorusso, Roberto, van Bussell, Bas, De Piero, Maria Elena, Mariani, Silvia, Rangappa, Dr Rajavardhan, Shetty, Dr Rajesh Mohan, P, Sujin Rai, Ganesan, Argin, Tharwat, Samar, Esperatti, Mariano, Fuentes, Nora Angélica, Gonzalez, Maria Eugenia, Carton, Edmund G., Sen, Ayan, Palacios, Amanda, Rainey, Deborah, Samoukoviv, Gordan, Campisi, Josie, Durham, Lucia, Neumann, Emily, Seefeldt, Cassandra, Falcucci, Octavio, Emmrich, Amanda, Guy, Jennifer, Johns, Carling, Potzner, Kelly, Zimmermann, Catherine, Espinal, Angelia, Buchtele, Nina, Schwameis, Michael, Korhnfehl, Andrea, Brock, Roman, Staudinger, Thomas, Stecher, Stephanie-Susanne, Barnikel, Michaela, Antón, Sófia, Pawlikowski, Alexandra, Zaaqoq, Akram, Galloway, Lan Anh, Merley, Caitlin, Muftah, Mohamed, Nichol, Alistair, Csete, Marc, Quesada, Luisa, Saba, Isabela, Kasugai, Daisuke, Hiraiwa, Hiroaki, Tanaka, Taku, Marwali, Eva, Purnama, Yoel, Dewayanti, Santi Rahayu, Ardiyan, Juzar, Dafsah Arifa, Siagian, Debby, Chen, Yih-Sharng, Aldhalia, Amer, Ogino, Mark, Nasa, Prashant, Matthew, Christina, Majeed, Nimisha Abdul, Hafez, Wael, Ratsep, Indrek, Post, Andra-Maris, Sillaots, Piret, Krund, Anneli, Lehiste, Merili-Helen, Lepik, Tanel, Manetta, Frank, Mihelis, Effe, Sarmiento, Iam Claire, Narasimhan, Mangala, Varrone, Michael, Komats, Mamoru, Garcia-Diaz, Julia, Harmon, Catherine, Satyapriya, S. Veena, Bhatt, Amar, Mokadam, Nahush A., Uribe, Alberto, Gonzalez, Alicia, Shi, Haixia, McKeown, Johnny, Pasek, Joshua, Fiorda, Juan, Echeverria, Marco, Moreno, Rita, Zakhary, Bishoy, Cavana, Marco, Cucino, Alberto, Foti, Giuseppe, Giani, Marco, Fumagalli, Benedetta, Chiumello, Davide, Castagna, Valentina, Dell'Amore, Andrea, Navalesi, Paolo, Shum, Hoi-Ping, Vuysteke, Alain, Usman, Asad, Acker, Andrew, Smood, Benjamin, Mergler, Blake, Sertic, Federico, Subramanian, Madhu, Sperry, Alexandra, Rizer, Nicolas, Burhan, Erlina, Rasmin, Menaldi, Akmal, Ernita, Sitompul, Faya, Lolong, Navy, Naivedh, Bhat, Erickson, Simon, Barrett, Peter, Dean, David, Daugherty, Julia, Loforte, Antonio, Khan, Irfan, Quraishi, Mohammed Abraar, DeSantis, Olivia, Nasrallah, Ahmad, So, Dominic, Kandamby, Darshana, Mandei, Jose M., Natanael, Hans, YudhaLantang, Eka, Lantang, Anastasia, Wijaya, Surya Oto, Jung, Anna, Ng, George, Ng, Wing Yiu, Ng, Pauline Yeung, Fang, Shu, Tabah, Alexis, Ratcliffe, Megan, Duroux, Maree, Alajeeli, Ahmed, Tarhabat, Ali, Adachi, Shingo, Nakao, Shota, Blanco, Pablo, Prieto, Ana, Sánchez, Jesús, Nicholson, Meghan, Butt, Warwick, Serratore, Alyssa, Delzoppo, Carmel, Janin, Pierre, Yarad, Elizabeth, Totaro, Richard, Coles, Jennifer, Pujo, Bambang, Balk, Robert, Vissing, Andy, Kapania, Esha, Hays, James, Fox, Samuel, Yantosh, Garrett, Mishin, Pavel, Adem, Safia, Yuliarto, Saptadi, Santoso, Kohar Hari, Djajalaksana, Susanthy, Fatoni, Arie Zainul, Fukuda, Masahiro, Liu, Keibun, Pelosi, Paolo, Battaglini, Denise, Robba, Chiara, Jiménez, Juan Fernando Masa, Bastos, Diego, Gaião, Sérgio, Rusmawatiningtyas, Desy, Cho, Young-Jae, Lee, Su Hwan, Kawasaki, Tatsuya, Munshi, Laveena, Sakiyalak, Pranya, Nitayavardhana, Prompak, Elagili, Mohamed Bashir, Salem, Talat Ahmed Abu, Seitz, Tamara, Arora, Rakesh, Kent, David, Marino, Daniel, Parwar, Swapnil, Cheng, Andrew, Miller, Jennene, Fujitani, Shigeki, Shimizu, Naoki, Madhok, Jai, Owyang, Clark, Buscher, Hergen, Reynolds, Claire, Abdurraouf, Abusalama, Kredan, Ali Abdulnasir, Haddud, Abdurrahman, Moharam, Saad, Maasikas, Olavi, Beljantsev, Aleksan, Mihnovits, Vladislav, Akimoto, Takako, Aizawa, Mariko, Horibe, Kanako, Onodera, Ryota, Hodgson, Carol, Burrell, Aidan, Young, Meredith, George, Timothy, Shekar, Kiran, McGuinness, Niki, Irvine, Lacey, Flynn, Brigid, Almjersah, Abdulrahman, Bakri, Ashraf, Endo, Tomoyuki, Sugiyama, Kazuhiro, Shimizu, Keiki, Fan, Eddy, Exconde, Kathleen, Ichiba, Shingo, Binnawara, Muhannud, Embarek, Hussein, Lussier, Leslie, Lotz, Gösta, Malfertheiner, Maximilian, Maier, Lars, Dreier, Esther, Kusumastuti, Neurinda Permata, McCloskey, Colin, Dabaliz, Al-Awwab, Elshazly, Tarek B, Smith, Josiah, Szuldrzynski, Konstanty S., Bielański, Piotr, Wille, Keith, Murthy, Srinivas, Parhar, Ken Kuljit S., Fiest, Kirsten M., Codan, Cassidy, Shahid, Anmol, Fayed, Mohamed, Evans, Timothy, Garcia, Rebekah, Gutierrez, Ashley, Song, Tae, Rose, Rebecca, Bennett, Suzanne, Richardson, Denise, Peek, Giles, Arora, Lovkesh, Rappapport, Kristina, Rudolph, Kristina, Sibenaller, Zita, Stout, Lori, Walter, Alicia, Herr, Daniel, Vedadi, Nazli, Bartlett, Robert, Thompson, Shaun, Hoffman, Julie, Ying, Xiaonan, Williams, Bailey, Sanchez, Emely, Akwani, Chika, Kennedy, Ryan, Elhadi, Muhammed, Griffee, Matthew, Mone, Mary, Ciullo, Anna, Kida, Yuri, Roca, Ricard Ferrer, Riera, JordI, Contreras, Sofia, Alegre, Cynthia, Kay, Christy, Fischer, Irene, Renner, Elizabeth, Taniguci, Hayato, Lee, James, Plotkin, Daniel, Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru, Merson, Laura, Hartley, Emma, Lubis, Bastian, Ikeyama, Takanari, Mortada, Alshaymaa, Alhamad, Ameen, Mechi, Ahmed, Nadar, Islam Mohsen Ali Mohamed Hassan, Alyasiri, Mohammed Saleh, Elsaid, Muhammed Zainab Alghali, Bhaskar, Balu, Jung, Jae-Seung, McGuinness, Shay, Eastwood, Glenn, Marta, Sandra Rossi, Guarracino, Fabio, Gerle, Stacy, Coxon, Emily, Claro, Bruno, Aldressi, Wafa, Eleisawy, Mahmoud, Osama, Hasnaa, Loverde, Daniel, Patil, Namrata, Parrini, Vieri, McBride, Angela, Negaard, Kathryn, Ratsch, Angela, Abdelaziz, Ahmad, Uribe, Juan David, Peris, Adriano, Sanders, Mark, Emerson, Dominic, Kamal, Muhammad, Faida, Hamza, Povoa, Pedro, Francis, Roland, Cherif, Ali, Joseph, Sunimol, Nardo, Matteo Di, Heard, Micheal, Kyle, Kimberly, Blackwell, Ray A, OUYAHIA, Amel, Biston, Patrick, Jeong, Hye Won, Smith, Reanna, Prawira, Yogi, Garcia, Arturo Huerta, Salterain, Nahikari, Meyns, Bart, Elnasser, Muhammed, Moreno, Marsha, Walia, Rajat, Mehta, Amit, Schweda, Annette, Williams, Melissa, Amkhatirah, Emad, Kim, Kyung Hoon, Assad, Alexandra, Giraldo, Estefania, Karolak, Wojtek, Balik, Martin, Pocock, Elizabeth, Gajkowski, Evan, Bedair, Mohamed, Masafumi, Kanamoto, Barrett, Nicholas, Takeyama, Yoshihiro, Park, Sunghoon, Amin, Faizan, Andriyani, Fina Meilyana, Sudakevych, Serhii, Schnur, Janos, Vera, Magdalena, Cornejo, Rodrigo, Schwarz, Patrícia, Mardini, Ana Carolina, de Paula, Thais, Neto, Ary Serpa, Villoldo, Andrea, Colafranceschi, Alexandre Siciliano, Iglesias, Alejandro Ubeda, Granjean, Juan, Melro, Lívia Maria Garcia, Romualdo, Giovana Fioravante, Gaia, Diego, Souza, Helmgton, Galas, Filomena, Mendiluce, Rafael Máñez, Sosa, Alejandra, Martinez, Ignacio, Kurosawa, Hiroshi, Almoshantaf, Mohammad Badr, Salgado, Juan, Hugi-Mayr, Beate, Charbonneau, Eric, Barzilai, Vitor Salvatore, Monteiro, Veronica, de Souza, Rodrigo Ribeiro, Harper, Michael, Suzuki, Hiroyuki, Adams, Celina, Brieva, Jorge, Khamees, Almu'atasim, Graige, Fadi, Supriatna, Moh, Nyale, George, Eltatar, Faisal Saleem, Fatani, Jihan, Baeissa, Husam, Masri, Ayman AL, Rabie, Ahmed, Hui, Mok Yee, Yamane, Masahiro, Jung, Hanna, Margaret, Ayorinde Mojisola, Nacpil, Newell, Ruck, Katja, Bakken, Rhonda, Jara, Claire, Felton, Tim, Berra, Lorenzo, Shah, Bobby, Chakraborty, Arpan, Cardona, Monika, Capatos, Gerry, Akkanti, Bindu, Orija, Abiodun, Jain, Harsh, Ito, Asami, Housni, Brahim, Low, Sennen, Iihara, Koji, Chavez, Joselito, Ramanathan, Kollengode, Zabert, Gustavo, Naidoo, Krubin, Seppelt, Ian, VanDyk, Marlice, MacDonald, Sarah, McGregor, Randy, Siebenaler, Teka, Flynn, Hannah, Lofton, Kristi, Aokage, Toshiyuki, Kvirkvelia, Bakar, Shigemitsu, Kazuaki, Moscatelli, Andrea, Fiorentino, Giuseppe, Baumgaertel, Matthias, Mba, Serge Eddy, Assy, Jana, Hutahaean, Amelya, Roush, Holly, Sichting, Kay A, Alessandri, Francesco, Burns, Debra, Alkhubouli, Taha Husayn, Salt, Gavin, Garabedian, Carl P., Millar, Jonathan, Sim, Malcolm, Mattke, Adrian, McAuley, Danny, Tadili, Jawad, Frenzel, Tim, Abuleil, Amro, Bar-Lavie, Yaron, Ortiz, Aaron Blandino, Stone, Jackie, Attokaran, Antony, Farquharson, Michael, Patel, Brij, Gunning, Derek, Baillie, Kenneth, Watson, Pia, Tamai, Kenji, Saaid, Ayoub, Anania, Pasquale, Sajinadiyasa, Gede Ketut, Kanyawati, Dyah, Salgado, Marcello, Sassine, Assad, Yudo, Bhirowo, McCaul, Scott, Lee, Bongjin, Lee, Sang Min, Afek, Arnon, Fattouh, Shimaa E, Iwashita, Yoshiaki, Fadlalmola, Hammad, Semedi, Bambang Pujo, Mansour, Noureldin Mohamed, Metiva, Jack, Van Belle, Nicole, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Al-Sadawi, Dr Mohammed, Kirakli, Cenk, Shimaa, Al-Touny, Ivatt, Lenny, Woon, Chia Yew, Kang, Hyun Mi, Smith, Timothy, James, Erskine, Al-Rawas, Nawar, Iwasaki, Yudai, Ashour, Hamza, King-Chung, Kenny Chan, Gudzenko, Vadim, Taccone, Fabio, Perdhana, Fajar, Lamarche, Yoan, Ribeiro, Joao Miguel, Bradic, Nikola, Van den Bossche, Klaartje, Lansink, Oude, Singh, Gurmeet, Debeuckelaere, Gerdy, Stelfox, Henry T., Yi, Cassia, Elia, Jennifer, Tribble, Thomas, Shankar, Shyam, Padmanabhan, Raj, Hallinan, Bill, Paoletti, Luca, Leyva, Yolanda, Fykuda, Tatuma, Badulak, Jenelle, Koch, Jillian, Janowaik, Lisa, Hackman, Amy, Hernandez, Deb, Osofsky, Jennifer, Donadello, Katia, Lawang, Aizah, Fine, Josh, Davidson, Benjamin, Vazquez, Andres Oswaldo Razo, Abdehaleem, Ibrahim, Kelly, Thu-Lan, Fanning, Jonathon, Premraj, Lavienraj, Porto, Diego Bastos, White, Nicole M., Bassi, Gianluigi Li, Suen, Jacky, and Fraser, John F.

Published
2024
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26. Shaped liquid drops generate MeV temperature electron beams with millijoule class laser

Author

Angana Mondal, Ratul Sabui, Sheroy Tata, R. M. G. M. Trines, S. V. Rahul, Feiyu Li, Soubhik Sarkar, William Trickey, Rakesh Y. Kumar, Debobrata Rajak, John Pasley, Zhengming Sheng, Jagannath Jha, M. Anand, Ram Gopal, A. P. L. Robinson, and M. Krishnamurthy

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Abstract MeV temperature electrons are typically generated at laser intensities of 1018 W cm−2. Their generation at non-relativistic intensities (~1016 W cm−2) with high repetition rate lasers is cardinal for the realization of compact, ultra-fast electron sources. Here we report a technique of dynamic target structuring of micro-droplets using a 1 kHz, 25 fs, millijoule class laser, that uses two collinear laser pulses; the first to create a concave surface in the liquid drop and the second, to dynamically-drive electrostatic plasma waves that accelerate electrons to MeV energies. The acceleration mechanism, identified as two plasmon decay instability, is shown to generate two beams of electrons with hot electron temperature components of 200 keV and 1 MeV, respectively, at an intensity of 4 × 1016 Wcm−2, only. The electron beams are demonstrated to be ideal for single shot high resolution (tens of μm) electron radiography.

Published
2024
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27. Care interruptions and mortality among adults in Europe and North America

Author

Trickey, Adam, Zhang, Lei, Rentsch, Christopher T., Pantazis, Nikos, Izquierdo, Rebeca, Antinori, Andrea, Leierer, Gisela, Burkholder, Greer, Cavassini, Matthias, Palacio-Vieira, Jorge, Gill, M. John, Teira, Ramon, Stephan, Christoph, Obel, Niels, Vehreschild, Jorg-Janne, Sterling, Timothy R., Van Der Valk, Marc, Bonnet, Fabrice, Crane, Heidi M., Silverberg, Michael J., Ingle, Suzanne M., and Sterne, Jonathan A.C.

Published
2024
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28. The data-driven future of high energy density physics

Author

Hatfield, Peter W., Gaffney, Jim A., Anderson, Gemma J., Ali, Suzanne, Antonelli, Luca, Pree, Suzan Başeğmez du, Citrin, Jonathan, Fajardo, Marta, Knapp, Patrick, Kettle, Brendan, Kustowski, Bogdan, MacDonald, Michael J., Mariscal, Derek, Martin, Madison E., Nagayama, Taisuke, Palmer, Charlotte A. J., Peterson, J. Luc, Rose, Steven, Ruby, J J, Shneider, Carl, Streeter, Matt J. V., Trickey, Will, and Williams, Ben

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The study of plasma physics under conditions of extreme temperatures, densities and electromagnetic field strengths is significant for our understanding of astrophysics, nuclear fusion and fundamental physics. These extreme physical systems are strongly non-linear and very difficult to understand theoretically or optimize experimentally. Here, we argue that machine learning models and data-driven methods are in the process of reshaping our exploration of these extreme systems that have hitherto proven far too non-linear for human researchers. From a fundamental perspective, our understanding can be helped by the way in which machine learning models can rapidly discover complex interactions in large data sets. From a practical point of view, the newest generation of extreme physics facilities can perform experiments multiple times a second (as opposed to ~daily), moving away from human-based control towards automatic control based on real-time interpretation of diagnostic data and updates of the physics model. To make the most of these emerging opportunities, we advance proposals for the community in terms of research design, training, best practices, and support for synthetic diagnostics and data analysis., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures. This work was the result of a meeting at the Lorentz Center, University of Leiden, 13th-17th January 2020. This is a preprint of Hatfield et al., Nature, 593, 7859, 351-361 (2021) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03382-w

Published
2021
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29. Rheumatology musculoskeletal ultrasound assessment of minimal synovial disease in hands, wrists and feet

Author

Trickey, Jeanette

Subjects
RC Internal medicine
Abstract

Introduction Ultrasound of joints and tendons is a useful tool in the diagnosis of early inflammatory arthritis. Advances in ultrasound technology in recent years have resulted in better resolution images, facilitating the detection of minimal musculoskeletal structural abnormalities including low grades of synovial hypertrophy, power Doppler signal and joint effusions. However, currently there is no definitive guidance as to what extent these changes may be due to inflammatory arthritis, or how much they are due to the normal ageing process. Methods Systematic literature review (SLR): Pubmed, Medline and EMBASE databases were searched: ultrasound, hands, feet, wrists, metacarpophalangeal, metatarsophalangeal, metacarpal, normal, healthy, control, synovial, hypertrophy, Doppler or synovitis. Two independent groups of reviewers assessed the abstracts and subsequent full papers. Ultrasound of healthy subjects across the age range: Healthy adults (age 18 to 80 years) were recruited in 23 international centres with exclusion criteria: joint pain, hand osteoarthritis and history of inflammatory arthritis. Selected joints and tendons in hands, wrists and feet were scanned and graded according to a recent Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) consensus. Data from a comparison cohort of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients were taken from the Birmingham Early Arthritis Inception Cohort (BEACON). Ultrasound findings in patients with clinically suspect arthralgia: The BEACON database was searched for patients with a baseline diagnosis of inflammatory arthralgia or clinically suspect arthralgia (CSA) who underwent routine ultrasound of selected hand, wrist and foot joints and tendons at time of enrolment and had 24 month follow up. Results SLR: In the 19 full papers included there was considerable heterogeneity in recruitment and definitions of HS, and in the reporting of ultrasound data. This has made it difficult to draw firm conclusions from the evidence gathered in this systematic literature review. Ultrasound of healthy subjects across the age range: 954 healthy subjects were scanned with a mean age of 44.4 years old. There were significant differences in proportion of grade ≥1 synovial hypertrophy (SH) in metacarpophalangeal joints in older age groups. Prevalence of power Doppler grade ≥1 in all joints was low across the age range. There was variability in prevalence of grade ≥1 SH in wrist and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints between recruiting centres, leading to a reliability exercise and creation of new wrist and MTPJ ultrasound atlases. In the digit flexor and extensor carpi ulnaris tendons there was very low prevalence of ultrasound abnormalities with 85% of healthy having grade 0 for all tenosynovial hypertrophy (TSH), power Doppler (TPD) and effusion, with no significant differences across the age range. A comparison cohort of 144 RA patients was compared with a group of age- and sex-matched HS with significant difference in the proportion of TSH and TPD involvement between HS and RA subjects (p < 0.001). Ultrasound findings in patients with clinically suspect arthralgia: 43 patients with CSA at baseline diagnosis with 24 month BEACON follow up were included. Positive Rheumatoid factor was associated with development of inflammatory arthritis at 2 years, and ACPA positivity was significantly associated with progression to RA within 2 years (p<0.05). There was significantly more grade ≥1 SH in MCPJ 2 and 3 in those patients that progressed to an inflammatory arthritis by 24 months follow up (p<0.05). Conclusions This study provides a large amount of ultrasound data on selected joints and tendons for healthy subjects across the age range, and should provide a large control cohort to help further Rheumatology ultrasound research.

Published
2022

30. The influence of Survivor stories and a virtual reality representation of a residential school on reconciliation in Canada

Author

Katherine B. Starzyk, Iloradanon H. Efimoff, Katelin Helene Siemens Neufeld, Andrew Woolford, Aleah S. M. Fontaine, James E. Young, Andrea Bunt, Jessica Trickey, Struan Sinclair, and Adam Muller

Subjects
residential schools, Canada, virtual reality, critical historical education, attitudes, empathy, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Indigenous Peoples in Canada have endured many genocidal efforts, such as residential schools. Across the country, initiatives to promote critical historical education about residential schools are underway, ranging in duration, content, and immersion. In this study, we tested whether a promising high-immersion approach, a virtual reality residential school, could improve non-Indigenous participants' attitudes and feelings toward Indigenous people. We compared the effects of the virtual residential school to a transcript condition, in which participants read the transcripts of the narration that accompanied the virtual residential school, and an empty control condition. The study had three time points: Baseline (N = 241), intervention (N = 241), and follow-up (N = 132). Immediately following the intervention, what participants learned about the residential school, both through virtual reality and reading the transcripts, increased non-Indigenous participants' empathy, political solidarity, and outgroup warmth for Indigenous people, relative to the control. The virtual reality school, but not transcripts, also increased privity relative to the control. These effects decreased over time. In summary, though both written and virtual reality forms of critical historical education were effective in the short term, to maintain the long-term effects of critical historical education, ongoing or recurring education is likely necessary. These results extend the virtual reality literature to unstudied concepts (political solidarity, privity) and critical historical education literature to a new form of media (virtual reality). We discuss the findings in relation to literature on critical historical education and virtual reality as well as outline future directions.

Published
2024
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31. Laser structured micro-targets generate MeV electron temperature at $4 \times 10^{16}$ W/cm$^2$

Author

Mondal, Angana, Sabui, Ratul, Tata, Sheroy, Trines, R. M. G. M, Rahul, S. V., Li, Feiyu, Sarkar, Soubhik, Trickey, William, Kumar, Rakesh Y., Rajak, Debobrata, Pasley, John, Sheng, Zhengming, Jha, J., Anand, M., Gopal, Ram, Robinson, A. P. L., and Krishnamurthy, M.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Relativistic temperature electrons higher than 0.5 MeV are generated typically with laser intensities of about 10$^{18}$ W/cm$^{2}$. Their generation with high repetition rate lasers that operate at non-relativistic intensities ($\simeq$10$^{16}$ W/cm$^{2}$) is cardinal for the realization of compact, ultra-short, bench-top electron sources. New strategies, capable of exploiting different aspects of laser-plasma interaction, are necessary for reducing the required intensity. We report here, a novel technique of dynamic target structuring of microdroplets, capable of generating 200 keV and 1 MeV electron temperatures at 1/100th of the intensity required by ponderomotive scaling($10^{18}$ W/cm$^2$) to generate relativistic electron temperature. Combining the concepts of pre-plasma tailoring, optimized scale length and micro-optics, this method achieves two-plasmon decay boosted electron acceleration with "non-ideal" ultrashort (25 fs) pulses at $4\times10^{16}$ W/cm$^2$, only. With shot repeatability at kHz, this precise in-situ targetry produces directed, imaging quality beam-like electron emission up to 6 MeV with milli-joule class lasers, that can be transformational for time-resolved, microscopic studies in all fields of science., Comment: Main text- 9 pages, 4 figures. Comments are welcome

Published
2021

32. Associations of inter-annual rainfall decreases with subsequent HIV outcomes for persons with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Southern Africa: a collaborative analysis of cohort studies

Author

Adam Trickey, Leigh F. Johnson, Fai Fung, Rogerio Bonifacio, Collins Iwuji, Samuel Biraro, Samuel Bosomprah, Linda Chirimuta, Jonathan Euvrard, Geoffrey Fatti, Matthew P. Fox, Per Von Groote, Joe Gumulira, Guy Howard, Lauren Jennings, Agnes Kiragga, Guy Muula, Frank Tanser, Thorsten Wagener, Andrea Low, and Peter Vickerman

Subjects
ARV, Treatment, PLHIV, Climate change, Drought, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Periods of droughts can lead to decreased food security, and altered behaviours, potentially affecting outcomes on antiretroviral therapy (ART) among persons with HIV (PWH). We investigated whether decreased rainfall is associated with adverse outcomes among PWH on ART in Southern Africa. Methods Data were combined from 11 clinical cohorts of PWH in Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, participating in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS Southern Africa (IeDEA-SA) collaboration. Adult PWH who had started ART prior to 01/06/2016 and were in follow-up in the year prior to 01/06/2016 were included. Two-year rainfall from June 2014 to May 2016 at the location of each HIV centre was summed and ranked against historical 2-year rainfall amounts (1981–2016) to give an empirical relative percentile rainfall estimate. The IeDEA-SA and rainfall data were combined using each HIV centre’s latitude/longitude. In individual-level analyses, multivariable Cox or generalized estimating equation regression models (GEEs) assessed associations between decreased rainfall versus historical levels and four separate outcomes (mortality, CD4 counts 400 copies/mL, and > 12-month gaps in follow-up) in the two years following the rainfall period. GEEs were used to investigate the association between relative rainfall and monthly numbers of unique visitors per HIV centre. Results Among 270,708 PWH across 386 HIV centres (67% female, median age 39 [IQR: 32–46]), lower rainfall than usual was associated with higher mortality (adjusted Hazard Ratio: 1.18 [95%CI: 1.07–1.32] per 10 percentile rainfall rank decrease) and unsuppressed viral loads (adjusted Odds Ratio: 1.05 [1.01–1.09]). Levels of rainfall were not strongly associated with CD4 counts 12-month gaps in care. HIV centres in areas with less rainfall than usual had lower numbers of PWH visiting them (adjusted Rate Ratio: 0.80 [0.66–0.98] per 10 percentile rainfall rank decrease). Conclusions Decreased rainfall could negatively impact on HIV treatment behaviours and outcomes. Further research is needed to explore the reasons for these effects. Interventions to mitigate the health impact of severe weather events are required.

Published
2023
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34. How often are infusion sets for central venous catheters changed in Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Units? A point prevalence survey

Author

Hammond, Naomi, Freeman-Sanderson, Amy, Ganu, Subodh, Howe, Belinda, Litton, Ed, Mackle, Diane, Saxena, Manoj, Seppelt, Ian, Towns, Miriam, Yarad, Elizabeth, Knowles, Serena, Gao, Annie, Li, Yang, Myburgh, John, Nangla, Conrad, Butt, Fatima, Duke, Graeme, Hunter, Stephanie, Evans, Julie, Parker, Dianne, Loughnan, Clare, Thomas, Blessy, Gilder, Eileen, Robertson, Melissa, McMahon, Ellie, Ali, Farisha, Cowdrey, Keri-Anne, McArthur, Colin, Chen, Yan, Simmonds, Catherine, McConnochie, Rachael, O'Connor, Caroline, El-Khawas, Khaled, Hill, Dianne, Cattigan, Claire, Horton, Michelle, Trickey, Jemma, Knott, Cameron, Smith, Julie, Boschert, Catherine, Sara, Treena, Nand, Kiran, Ramanan, Mahesh, Marella, Prashanti, Affleck, Julia, Simpson, Shannon, Ellem, Katrina, McKenna, Toni, Nourse, Mary, Leung, Kristine, Edmunds, Tash, McDonald, Bree, Mehrtens, Jan, Cross, Rosalba, Wong, Helen, Twardowski, Pawel, France, Dawn, Hanlon, Gabrielle, Barrett, Jonathan, Palermo, Annamaria, Pellicano, Susan, Eroglu, Ege, Bihari, Shailesh, Brown, Julia, Grear, Laura, Jin, Xia, French, Craig, Bates, Samantha, Marshall, Fiona, McEldrew, Rebecca, McCullough, James, Tallott, Mandy, Gough, Maimoonbe, Nalos, Marek, Younger, Laura, Krishnamurphy, Ravi, Trent, Louise, How, Janet, Stuart, Anne, Chadwick, Llesley, Bhadange, Neeraj, Tyler, Steven, Sosnowski, Kellie, Morrison, Lynette, Sutton, Joanne, Soar, Natalie, Lee, David, Doyle, Marina, Jongebloed, Katherine, Finnis, Mackenzie, Wilson, Jane, Williams, Tony, Song, Rima, Lai, Vivian, Girijadevi, Dinu, Habraken, Hannah, Browne, Alex, Koelle, Jette, McNab, Charlotte, Masters, Kristy, Gresham, Rebecca, Lowrey, Julie, Whitehead, Christina, Liang, Janet, Harward, Meg, Jones, Cassie, Peake, Sandra, Williams, Tricia, Kurenda, Catherine, Tabah, Alexis, Duroux, Maree, Warhurst, Timothy, Ratcliffe, Megan, Pollock, Hamish, Baker, Stuart, Sonawane, Ravikiran, O'Connor, Stephanie, Brown, Nerissa, Glasby, Kathleen, Rivett, Justine, Campbell, Lewis, Tabuzo, Vera, Smyth, Kirsty, Bass, Frances, O'Connor, Anne, Leonard, Anton, Waterson, Sharon, Coles, Jennifer, Buhr, Heidi, Newman, Duncan, Boorawong, Piyaporn, Bregolin, Vanessa, Yun, Ji-Hyun, Anstey, Matthew, Rock, Lara, Endemann, Anthadene, Lo, Wei, Ferrier, Janet, Reynolds, Claire, Santamaria, John, Holmes, Jennifer, Beca, John, Sherring, Claire, Garrett, Peter, Murray, Lauren, Brailsford, Jane, Browne, Troy, Goodson, Jennifer, Udy, Andrew, Young, Meredith, Board, Jasmin, McCracken, Phoebe, Martin, Emma-Leah, Martynoga, Robert, Butler, Amelia, Trask, Kara, Olatunji, Shaanti, Cruz, Rhoze Sol, Cruz, Raulle Sol, Navarra, Leanlove, Delaney, Kirsha, Lesona, Eden, Young, Chelsea, Spring, Amelia, Aguilar, April, Young, Paul, Law, Erin, Anstey, Matthew H., Maxwell, Nicky, Rickard, Claire M., Hammond, Naomi E., and McGain, Forbes

Published
2024
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35. Corrigendum: State of the California Current 2019–2020: Back to the Future With Marine Heatwaves?

Author

Weber, Edward D, Auth, Toby D, Baumann-Pickering, Simone, Baumgartner, Timothy R, Bjorkstedt, Eric P, Bograd, Steven J, Burke, Brian J, Cadena-Ramírez, José L, Daly, Elizabeth A, de la Cruz, Martin, Dewar, Heidi, Field, John C, Fisher, Jennifer L, Giddings, Ashlyn, Goericke, Ralf, Gomez-Ocampo, Eliana, Gomez-Valdes, Jose, Hazen, Elliott L, Hildebrand, John, Horton, Cheryl A, Jacobson, Kym C, Jacox, Michael G, Jahncke, Jaime, Kahru, Mati, Kudela, Raphe M, Lavaniegos, Bertha E, Leising, Andrew, Melin, Sharon R, Miranda-Bojorquez, Luis Erasmo, Morgan, Cheryl A, Nickels, Catherine F, Orben, Rachael A, Porquez, Jessica M, Portner, Elan J, Robertson, Roxanne R, Rudnick, Daniel L, Sakuma, Keith M, Santora, Jarrod A, Schroeder, Isaac D, Snodgrass, Owyn E, Sydeman, William J, Thompson, Andrew R, Thompson, Sarah Ann, Trickey, Jennifer S, Villegas-Mendoza, Josue, Warzybok, Pete, Watson, William, and Zeman, Samantha M

Subjects
California Current, marine heat wave, upwelling, anchovy, Ecosystem Assessment, CalCOFI, Oceanography, Ecology
Published
2022

36. State of the California Current Ecosystem in 2021: Winter is coming?

Author

Thompson, Andrew R, Bjorkstedt, Eric P, Bograd, Steven J, Fisher, Jennifer L, Hazen, Elliott L, Leising, Andrew, Santora, Jarrod A, Satterthwaite, Erin V, Sydeman, William J, Alksne, Michaela, Auth, Toby D, Baumann-Pickering, Simone, Bowlin, Noelle M, Burke, Brian J, Daly, Elizabeth A, Dewar, Heidi, Field, John C, Garfield, Newell T, Giddings, Ashlyn, Goericke, Ralf, Hildebrand, John, Horton, Cheryl A, Jacobson, Kym C, Jacox, Michael G, Jahncke, Jaime, Johns, Michael, Jones, Joshua, Kudela, Raphe M, Melin, Sharon R, Morgan, Cheryl A, Nickels, Catherine F, Orben, Rachael A, Porquez, Jessica M, Portner, Elan J, Preti, Antonella, Robertson, Roxanne R, Rudnick, Daniel L, Sakuma, Keith M, Schroeder, Isaac D, Snodgrass, Owyn E, Thompson, Sarah Ann, Trickey, Jennifer S, Warzybok, Pete, Watson, William, and Weber, Edward D

Subjects
Climate Action, California current ecosystem, La Nina, upwelling, anchovy, ecosystem assessment, white walkers, Oceanography, Ecology
Abstract

In late 2020, models predicted that a strong La Niña would take place for the first time since 2013, and we assessed whether physical and biological indicators in 2021 were similar to past La Niñas in the California Current Ecosystem (CCE). The Pacific Decadal Oscillation and Oceanic Niño Index indeed remained negative throughout 2021; the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation Index, however, remained strongly negative. The seventh largest marine heatwave on record was unexpectedly present from April to the end of 2021; however, similar to past La Niñas, this mass of warm water mostly remained seaward of the continental shelf. As expected from past La Niñas, upwelling and chlorophyll were mostly high and sea surface temperature was low throughout the CCE; however, values were close to average south of Point Conception. Similar to past La Niñas, abundances of lipid-rich, northern copepods off Oregon increased. In northern California, unlike past La Niñas, the body size of North Pacific krill (Euphausia pacifica) was close to average. Predictably, overall krill abundance was above average in far northern California but, unexpectedly, below average south of Cape Mendocino. Off Oregon, similar to past La Niñas, larval abundances of three of six coastal species rose, while five of six southern/offshore taxa decreased in 2021. Off California, as expected based on 2020, Northern Anchovy (Engraulis mordax) were very abundant, while Pacific Sardine (Sardinops sagax) were low. Similar to past La Niñas, market squid (Doryteuthis opalescens) and young of the year (YOY) Pacific Hake (Merluccius pacificus), YOY sanddabs (Citharichthys spp.), and YOY rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) increased. Southern mesopelagic (e.g., Panama lightfish Vinciguerria lucetia, Mexican lampfish Triphoturus mexicanus) larvae decreased as expected but were still well above average, while northern mesopelagic (e.g., northern lampfish Stenobrachius leucopsarus) larvae increased but were still below average. In line with predictions, most monitored bird species had above-average reproduction in Oregon and California. California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pup count, growth, and weight were high given the abundant Anchovy forage. The CCE entered an enduring La Niña in 2021, and assessing the responses of various ecosystem components helped articulate aspects of the system that are well understood and those that need further study.

Published
2022

37. All-Electron APW+${lo}$ calculation of magnetic molecules with the SIRIUS domain-specific package

Author

Zhang, Long, Kozhevnikov, Anton, Schulthess, Thomas, Trickey, S. B., and Cheng, Hai-Ping

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We report APW+${lo}$ (augmented plane wave plus local orbital) density functional theory (DFT) calculations of molecule systems using the domain specific SIRIUS multi-functional DFT package. Compared to other packages the additional APW and FLAPW task and data parallelism and the additional eigensystem solver provided by the SIRIUS package can be exploited for performance gains in in the ground state Kohn-Sham calculation. This is in contrast with the use of SIRIUS as a library backend to some other APW+${lo}$ or FLAPW (full-potential linearized AWP) code. We benchmark the code and demonstrate performance on several magnetic molecule and metal organic framework systems. We show that the SIRIUS package in itself is capable of handling systems as large as a few hundreds of atoms in the unit cell without losing the accuracy needed for magnetic systems., Comment: 41 pages, 6 figures

Published
2021

39. Longitudinal trends in causes of death among adults with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Europe and North America from 1996 to 2020: a collaboration of cohort studies

Author

Trickey, Adam, McGinnis, Kathleen, Gill, M John, Abgrall, Sophie, Berenguer, Juan, Wyen, Christoph, Hessamfar, Mojgan, Reiss, Peter, Kusejko, Katharina, Silverberg, Michael J, Imaz, Arkaitz, Teira, Ramon, d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Zangerle, Robert, Guest, Jodie L, Papastamopoulos, Vasileios, Crane, Heidi, Sterling, Timothy R, Grabar, Sophie, Ingle, Suzanne M, and Sterne, Jonathan A C

Published
2024
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42. Estimating hepatitis B virus prevalence among key population groups for European Union and European Economic Area countries and the United Kingdom: a modelling study

Author

Adam Trickey, Sandra Bivegete, Erika Duffell, Anna L. McNaughton, Lina Nerlander, Josephine G. Walker, Hannah Fraser, Matthew Hickman, Peter Vickerman, Ellen Brooks-Pollock, and Hannah Christensen

Subjects
Hepatitis B, Prevalence, Risk groups, General population, Europe, Migrant, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) epidemiology in Europe differs by region and population risk group, and data are often incomplete. We estimated chronic HBV prevalence as measured by surface antigen (HBsAg) among general and key population groups for each country in the European Union, European Economic Area and the United Kingdom (EU/EEA/UK), including where data are currently unavailable. Methods We combined data from a 2018 systematic review (updated in 2021), data gathered directly by the European Centre for Disease Control (ECDC) from EU/EEA countries and the UK and further country-level data. We included data on adults from the general population, pregnant women, first time blood donors (FTBD), men who have sex with men (MSM), prisoners, people who inject drugs (PWID), and migrants from 2001 to 2021, with three exceptions made for pre-2001 estimates. Finite Mixture Models (FMM) and Beta regression were used to predict country and population group HBsAg prevalence. A separate multiplier method was used to estimate HBsAg prevalence among the migrant populations within each country, due to biases in the data available. Results There were 595 included studies from 31 countries (N = 41,955,969 people): 66 were among the general population (mean prevalence ( $$\stackrel{-}{p}$$ ) 1.3% [range: 0.0-7.6%]), 52 among pregnant women ( $$\stackrel{-}{p}=$$ 1.1% [0.1–5.3%]), 315 among FTBD ( $$\stackrel{-}{p}=$$ 0.3% [0.0-6.2%]), 20 among MSM ( $$\stackrel{-}{p}=$$ 1.7% [0.0-11.2%]), 34 among PWID ( $$\stackrel{-}{p}=$$ 3.9% [0.0-16.9%]), 24 among prisoners ( $$\stackrel{-}{p}=$$ 2.9% [0.0-10.7%]), and 84 among migrants ( $$\stackrel{-}{p}=$$ 7.0% [0.2–37.3%]). The FMM grouped countries into 3 classes. We estimated HBsAg prevalence among the general population to be 1% for most countries. Portugal had the highest estimated prevalence of HBsAg among migrants (5.0%), with the other highest prevalences mostly seen in Southern Europe. Conclusions We estimated HBV prevalence for each population group within each EU/EAA country and the UK, with general population HBV prevalence to be

Published
2023
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43. Emergency department clinicians’ views on implementing psychosocial care following acute paediatric injury: a qualitative study

Author

Nimrah Afzal, Mark D. Lyttle, Mohsen Rajabi, Frankie Rushton-Smith, Rhea Varghese, David Trickey, and Sarah L. Halligan

Subjects
PTSD, trauma, emergency care, paediatric trauma, trauma-informed care, TEPT (Trastorno de estrés postraumático), Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The early post-trauma period is a key time to provide psychological support to acutely injured children. This is often when they present to emergency departments (EDs) with their families. However, there is limited understanding of the feasibility of implementing psychological support for children and their families in EDs. The aim of this study was to explore UK and Irish ED clinicians’ perspectives on developing and implementing psychosocial care which educates families on their children’s post-trauma psychological recovery.Methods: Semi-structured individual and group interviews were conducted with 24 UK and Irish ED clinicians recruited via a paediatric emergency research network.Results: Clinicians expressed that there is value in offering psychological support for injured children and their families; however, there are barriers which can prevent this from being effectively implemented. Namely, the prioritisation of physical health, time constraints, understaffing, and a lack of training. Therefore, a potential intervention would need to be brief and accessible, and all staff should be empowered to deliver it to all families.Conclusion: Overall, participants’ views are consistent with trauma-informed approaches where a psychosocial intervention should be able to be implemented into the existing ED system and culture. These findings can inform implementation strategies and intervention development to facilitate the development and delivery of an accessible digital intervention for acutely injured children and their families.

Published
2024
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44. Elucidation of the subcritical character of the liquid--liquid transition in dense hydrogen

Author

Karasiev, Valentin V., Hinz, Joshua, Hu, S. X., and Trickey, S. B.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter
Abstract

The liquid-liquid phase transition in high-pressure Hydrogen is a problem of longstanding and controversy. The recent Nature paper by Cheng et al. [vol. 585, p. 217] makes a set of strong claims to the effect that all the previous density functional theory molecular dynamics (MD-DFT) and quantum Monte Carlo calculations of that transition are incorrect because of finite size effects and, in the MD-DFT case, short run times. The basis of those claims is their use of large systems and long durations for classical MD driven by a machine-learnt potential (MLP) which they developed. The straightforward test of their claims is to do MD-DFT on systems as large or larger than Cheng et al. used and for significantly longer durations than in the previous MD-DFT simulations. We have done so and find that neither diagnosis of theirs (size effects, duration limits) is correct. Instead, we find that the MLP does not drive MD in fidelity with the underlying DFT electronic structure that it is supposed to replicate. The result is that the MLP-driven MD results are artifactual, not systematically connected to the theoretical underpinning on which the MLP was trained.

Published
2020

45. Spin-Crossover From a Well-Behaved, Low-Cost meta-GGA Density Functional

Author

Mejia-Rodriguez, Daniel and Trickey, S. B.

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

The recent major modification, r$^2$SCAN, of the SCAN (strongly constrained and appropriately normed) meta-GGA exchange-correlation functional is shown to give substantially better spin-crossover electronic energies (high spin minus low spin) on a benchmark data set than the original SCAN. The deorbitalized counterpart r$^2$SCAN-L is almost as good as SCAN and much faster in periodically bounded systems. A combination strategy for balanced treatment of molecular and periodic spin-crossover therefore is recommended., Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures

Published
2020
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46. Meta-GGA Performance in Solids at Almost GGA Cost

Author

Mejia-Rodriguez, Daniel and Trickey, S. B.

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

A recent modification, r$^2$SCAN, of the SCAN (strongly constrained and appropriately normed) meta-GGA exchange-correlation functional mostly eliminates numerical instabilities and attendant integration grid sensitivities exhibited by SCAN. Here we show that the successful deorbitalization of SCAN to SCAN-L (SCAN with density Laplacian dependence) carries over directly to yield r$^2$SCAN-L. A major benefit is that the high iteration counts that hindered use of SCAN-L are eliminated in r$^2$SCAN-L. It therefore is a computationally much faster meta-GGA than its orbital-dependent antecedent. Validation data for molecular heats of formation, bond lengths, and vibration frequencies (G3/99X, T96-R, T82-F test sets respectively) and on lattice constants, and cohesive energies (for 55 solids) and bulk moduli (for 40 solids) are provided. In addition, we show that the over-magnetization of bcc Fe from SCAN persists in r$^2$SCAN but does not appear in r$^2$SCAN-L, just as with SCAN-L., Comment: 4 pages. For associated Supplemental Material file see http://www.qtp.ufl.edu/ofdft/research/publications.shtml

Published
2020
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47. Fully Consistent Density Functional Theory Determination of the Insulator-Metal Transition Boundary in Warm Dense Hydrogen

Author

Hinz, Joshua, Karasiev, Valentin V., Hu, S. X., Zaghoo, Mohamed, Mejía-Rodríguez, Daniel, Trickey, S. B., and Calderín, L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Using conceptually and procedurally consistent density functional theory (DFT) calculations with an advanced meta-GGA exchange-correlation functional in ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, we determine the insulator-metal transition (IMT) of warm dense fluid hydrogen over the pressure range 50 to 300 GPa. Inclusion of nuclear quantum effects via path-integral molecular dynamics (PIMD) sharpens the metallic transition and lowers the transition temperature relative to results from Born-Oppenheimer (BO) MD. BOMD itself gives improved agreement with experimental results compared to previous DFT predictions. Examination of the ionic pair correlation function in the context of the abrupt conductivity increase at the transition confirms a metallic transition due to the dissociation of molecular hydrogen that coincides with an abrupt band gap closure. Direct comparison of the PIMD and BOMD results clearly demonstrates an isotope effect on the IMT. Distinct from stochastic simulations, these results do not depend upon any ad hoc combination of ground-state and finite-T methodologies.

Published
2020
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48. Towards accurate orbital-free simulations: a generalized gradient approximation for the non-interacting free energy density functional

Author

Luo, Kai, Karasiev, Valentin V., and Trickey, S. B.

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

For orbital-free {\it ab initio} molecular dynamics, especially on systems in extreme thermodynamic conditions, we provide the first pseudo-potential-adapted generalized gradient approximation (GGA) functional for the non-interacting free energy. This is achieved by systematic finite-temperature extension of our recent LKT ground state non-interacting kinetic energy GGA functional (Phys. Rev. B \textbf{98}, 041111(R) (2018)). We test the performance of the new functional first via static lattice calculations on crystalline aluminum and silicon. Then we compare deuterium equation of state results against both path-integral Monte Carlo and conventional (orbital-dependent) Kohn-Sham results. The new functional, denoted LKTF, outperforms the previous best semi-local free energy functional, VT84F (Phys.\ Rev.\ B \textbf{88}, 161108(R) (2013)), and provides modestly faster simulations. We also discuss subtleties of identification of kinetic and entropic contributions to non-interacting free-energy functionals obtained by extension from ground state orbital-free kinetic energy functionals.

Published
2020
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49. Associations of inter-annual rainfall decreases with subsequent HIV outcomes for persons with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Southern Africa: a collaborative analysis of cohort studies

Author

Trickey, Adam, Johnson, Leigh F., Fung, Fai, Bonifacio, Rogerio, Iwuji, Collins, Biraro, Samuel, Bosomprah, Samuel, Chirimuta, Linda, Euvrard, Jonathan, Fatti, Geoffrey, Fox, Matthew P., Von Groote, Per, Gumulira, Joe, Howard, Guy, Jennings, Lauren, Kiragga, Agnes, Muula, Guy, Tanser, Frank, Wagener, Thorsten, Low, Andrea, and Vickerman, Peter

Published
2023
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