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This article discusses the hobnail subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), a rare and aggressive variant of the disease. It provides a case study of a 54-year-old female with this subtype, documenting the associated histopathological and cytomorphological features. The article emphasizes the difficulty in diagnosing this subtype and highlights the importance of recognizing it for appropriate surgical management and follow-up. This is the second reported case of this subtype in the Indian population. There is no funding or conflict of interest associated with this work. [Extracted from the article]

Urothelial carcinoma with trophoblastic differentiation is a rare type of urothelial carcinoma that poses a diagnostic challenge.A 50-year-old man presented with hematuria for 4 months duration. Ultrasonography examination showed polypoidal lesions along the right lateral wall and near the right vesicoureteric junction of the urinary bladder. The transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) specimen showed marked necrosis and urothelial tumor cells arranged in nests, sheets, and papillae, admixed with multinucleated large cells. Deep muscle and extensive lymphovascular invasion were noted. The tumor cells were diffuse immunopositive for GATA3 and focal positive for p63 and SALL4. Large multinucleated tumor cells were immunopositive for β-hCG, GATA3, inhibin-α, and PLAP, focally positive for SALL4 while negative for p63. The patient denied further treatment and succumbed to the disease after 8 months of the TURBT procedure.We report a rare invasive urothelial carcinoma with trophoblastic differentiation and discuss the differential diagnosis and literature review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]