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Introduction: We sought to identify patient understanding of urology residents and comfort with being cared for by residents. Through this pilot study, we aim to propose educational objectives to improve this knowledge gap and ultimately allow for an improved patient experience., Methods: A prospective survey was distributed from September 2022 to October 2022. A patient knowledge about residents (KAR) score was calculated by combining correct responses to 5 questions (maximum = 5). Another score evaluating patient opinion of residents was calculated using Likert scale questions (range 3-19; higher scores correlate with positive opinion) denoting patient outlook on residents., Results: A total of 88 surveys were completed. The average ± SD patient age was 62.7 ± 15.2 years. Patients previously seen by a resident had significantly higher KAR scores (3.591 ± 1.210) compared to patients never interacting with a resident or unsure (KAR = 2.381 ± 1.324; P < .0001). Additionally, those with higher levels of education had greater KAR scores (graduate-level KAR = 3.792 ± 1.179; P = .002). No variables were found to have a statistically significant impact on patients' average opinion of residents., Conclusions: Current patient understanding of the role of a urology resident is suboptimal. Given this knowledge gap, we hope to propose educational approaches to help aid in patient understanding of resident physicians, who play a critical role in their clinical care.

Objectives: Initially marketed for smoking cessation, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are commonly regarded as safer than combustible cigarettes because they usually contain less nicotine and do not use combustion. However, few studies have examined the health effects of e-cigarettes. The objective of this study was to examine whether e-cigarette use had a differential effect on the prevalence of lung disease among current, former, and never tobacco users., Methods: We analyzed data from respondents aged ≥18 (n = 45 908) who responded to questions about e-cigarette use and lung disease in the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. We calculated crude odd ratios (ORs) and ORs adjusted by 15 sociodemographic and health behavior factors: age, sex, race/ethnicity, annual household income, health insurance, personal physician, health status, body mass index, education, marital status, exercise, alcohol use, tobacco smoking, tobacco chewing, and metropolitan status., Results: We found a significant association between e-cigarette use and lung disease, which was significantly modified by tobacco use. Among never tobacco users, the adjusted odds of reporting lung disease were 4.36 (95% CI, 1.76-10.77) times higher among everyday e-cigarette users than among never e-cigarette users. Among current tobacco users, the adjusted odds of reporting lung disease were 1.47 (95% CI, 1.13-1.92) times higher among everyday e-cigarette users than among never e-cigarette users., Conclusions: People who have never smoked combustible cigarettes should refrain from starting e-cigarettes, because e-cigarettes carry a significant risk of lung disease independent of tobacco smoking. Additional prospective research into the harmful effects of e-cigarettes would help to further elucidate this link.