Search

Introduction: Although gifted children can express high cognitive skills, they can also show socioemotional difficulties. Drawing from Olson's circumplex model, the present paper assessed the role of family functioning in internalizing and externalizing problems in gifted children. Materials and Methods: 362 mothers and their 362 gifted children were included. The unbalanced subscales of the FACES IV—disengagement, enmeshment, rigidity, and chaos—and the CBCL were administered to mothers. The children completed the WISC-IV. Results: The model predicting internalizing problems was significant and explained 5.6% of the variance. Only rigidity had an independent and positive effect on internalizing problems in gifted children over and above sociodemographic variables and QI, whereas disengagement, enmeshment, and chaos were not associated with internalizing problems. The model predicting externalizing problems was significant and explained 10% of the variance. Again, rigidity was the only variable that had an independent and positive effect on externalizing problems in gifted children over and above sociodemographic variables and QI, whereas disengagement, enmeshment, and chaos were not associated with externalizing problems in this population. Discussion: Rigid families with a low ability to change in conditions that require readjustment appear to increase the risk of both internalizing and externalizing problems in gifted children. Although further studies are needed to support these preliminary findings, parental support interventions aimed at increasing flexibility appear to be useful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Same-sex intimate partner violence (SSIPV) is still under-investigated despite its spreading. Unique risk factors, such as internalized homonegativity, have been found to be related to physical SSIPV perpetration. However, the mechanisms that regulate this association are still unclear. Drawing from the psychological mediation framework (PMF), this paper aimed to explore the relationship between internalized homonegativity and physical SSIPV perpetration, assessing the mediating role of emotion dysregulation. In all, 139 gay and lesbian participants involved in same-sex relationships participated in the study by completing a self-administered online questionnaire. Mediation analyses were used to assess both the direct and indirect effects. Internalized homonegativity was not directly associated with physical SSIPV perpetration. However, internalized homonegativity was positively associated with emotion dysregulation, which, in turn, was positively associated with physical SSIPV perpetration. The indirect effect of internalized homonegativity on physical SSIPV perpetration through emotion dysregulation was also confirmed. The results that emerged extend the application of the PMF to SSIPV. The data found can inform both preventive interventions and treatments targeting SSIPV perpetrators to reduce the phenomenon and limit recidivism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite widely recognised effectiveness against the spread of COVID‐19, vaccine hesitancy persists. This systematic literature review aimed to clarify the definition and the operationalisation of the term ‘vaccine hesitancy’ and disclose the various psychosocial factors underlying this phenomenon. The results of studies conducted in European countries and in the United States after the vaccines became available were taken into account.The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses statement. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed.efinitions and measures of vaccine hesitancy differed across the studies, limiting their comparison. Nonetheless, by drawing on theoretical frameworks, we were able to identify several psychosocial variables in determining vaccine hesitancy.Our findings point to the need for a transdisciplinary approach to understanding the antecedents of vaccine hesitancy. A better understanding of the phenomenon may help to develop interventions and social policies to address a complex challenge such as vaccination hesitancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Image-Based Sexual Abuse (IBSA) is a recently studied form of violence and abuse perpetrated using technology. This systematic review aims to examine and systematize studies exploring factors associated with IBSA (e.g., victimization, perpetration, and propensity to perpetrate). Method: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement, 17 articles were included. Results: The results of this study highlighted conceptual and methodological limitations in the literature on IBSA. Aside from these limitations, this systematic review identified factors associated with IBSA, focusing on four macro-areas: victimization, perpetration, propensity to perpetrate IBSA, and IBSA implications. The results demonstrated the role of psychological, relational, and social variables, although the effect sizes observed in the quantitative studies were small or in few cases moderate. Conclusions: These results suggest further research should be carried out to explore the multidimensionality of IBSA and its associated factors, which may assist in guiding interventions to promote preventive and rehabilitative methods to lower the prevalence of this crime and its consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alexithymia is a multidimensional construct characterized by difficulty in identifying and describing feelings. Considering that the assessment of alexithymia in adolescents is very difficult, the aim of the present study was to examine the TAS-20 psychometric properties and its efficiency among a sample of Italian adolescents. In order to achieve this goal, the Rasch model, partial credit (PCM) specification with joint maximum likelihood estimation, was used. The Rasch results were used to select a set of items with high validity and discriminating power for adolescents, without any loss in measurement invariance. The final brief 10-item version of the scale, TAS-10, resulted to be valid and reliable: its correlation with the original 20-item score was remarkably high and the network with convergent and divergent measures gave the expected relationships. Furthermore, the concordance of the classification obtained from the 20 and 10-item versions was adequate, but the latter had the noticeable quality of reducing the quota of possible alexithymic adolescents, distinguishing non-alexithymic or alexithymic persons from those who are not clearly classified. Finally, the TAS-10 is definitively more suitable for adolescents in clinical and research practice. • The study tested the TAS-20 version using Rasch analysis with partial credit model parametrization. • The brief version of the scale was composed of 10 items, resulting to be valid and reliable in adolescence. • The TAS-10 distinguished non-alexithymic or alexithymic persons from those who are not clearly classified. • The TAS-10 is definitively more suitable for adolescents in clinical and research practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hypermasculine subculture of individual and team sports is a context where discriminatory attitudes toward lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people can occur at a higher rate, although conflicting results emerged in the literature. In order to clarify these data, a systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA statement, with the aim to analyze the research on expressed homonegativity among athletes and the discrimination perceived by LGB people involved in sport contexts. Thirty-eight articles were included. Although half of the included research identified, mainly among younger generations, positive attitudes toward homosexuality, an adherence to an orthodox masculinity and veiled discriminatory expressions persist. In addition, several papers identified overt discrimination, and LGB athletes often perceive sport contexts as discriminatory. Even seemingly "positive," results should therefore be interpreted with caution. Evidence suggests the connection with stereotypical requirements and a heteronormative and homonegative cultural system could be maintained in apparently innocuous behaviors and expressions. Further interventions are necessary in order to sensitize sporting contexts regarding homosexuality-related issues and to promote inclusive attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]