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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo Fundamento Não está claro se o exercício é seguro em pacientes com formas mais avançadas de doença arterial coronariana, como aqueles com angina refratária (AR). Objetivo Visamos determinar o efeito de uma sessão de exercício aeróbico agudo (SEAA) nos níveis de troponina T cardíaca de alta sensibilidade (TnT-as) em pacientes com AR. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo clínico longitudinal, não randomizado e não controlado. Os participantes foram recrutados de abril de 2015 a janeiro de 2019. Em uma escala visual de dor de 0 a 10, a dor classificada até 3 foi considerada como o nível máximo permitido para continuar o exercício. Avaliamos TnT-as na linha de base e 3 horas após a SEAA. O protocolo consistiu em 5 minutos de aquecimento, 30 minutos de exercício aeróbico contínuo na frequência cardíaca correspondente ao limiar anaeróbio ou limiar de angina obtido no teste de esforço cardiopulmonar e 5 minutos de resfriamento. Foram considerados estatisticamente significativos valores de p menores que 0,05. Resultados Foram incluídos 32 pacientes com AR (61 ± 9 anos, 59,4% do sexo masculino). A concentração basal de TnT-as foi de 10,9 ng/L (intervalo de confiança de 95%: 9,1 a 13,0 ng/L). A TnT-as coletada 3 horas após a SEAA foi de 11,1 ng/L (intervalo de confiança de 95%: 9,1 a 13,5 ng/L). Nenhuma diferença ocorreu na TnT-as antes e após a SEAA (p = 0,657). Conclusões Uma única SEAA realizada no limiar de angina com correspondente escala visual de dor não alterou a TnT-as em pacientes com AR, sugerindo que nenhuma lesão miocárdica significativa foi provocada pelo exercício e que este protocolo de exercício pode ser considerado seguro.

Objetivo: Analisar evidências científicas sobre alterações do marcador de lesão miocárdica troponina e o desfecho clínico em pacientes hospitalizados com Covid-19. Método: Adotou-se scoping review, nas bases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scientific Electronic Library Online e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, de maio a julho de 2022. Utilizando como descritores: troponin; covid-19; cardiovascular system. Resultados: 23 estudos revelaram alterações cardíacas em pacientes hospitalizados com Covid-19 pelo exame do biomarcador cardioespecífico troponina, além de relacioná-lo a altas taxas de mortalidade. Estudos têm demonstrado grande relação entre lesão miocárdica aguda, evidenciada por elevação da troponina a um pior desfecho durante a hospitalização. Conclusão: Mapearam-se as alterações cardiovasculares de pacientes hospitalizados com Covid-19 que evoluíram para quadros graves da doença. Este estudo pode contribuir para o planejamento assistencial através de protocolos voltados para o manejo clínico, específicos para pacientes com a doença, tanto na fase aguda quando na fase pós Covid-19.

Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia científica sobre los cambios en el marcador de lesión miocárdica troponina y el resultado clínico en pacientes hospitalizados con Covid-19. Método: Se adoptó una revisión del alcance, en las bases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scientific Electronic Library Online y Biblioteca Virtual de Salud, de mayo a julio de 2022. Utilizando como descriptores: troponin; covid-19; cardiovascular system. Resultados: 23 estudios revelaron alteraciones cardiacas en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 mediante el examen del biomarcador cardioespecífico troponina, además de relacionarlo con altas tasas de mortalidad. Los estudios han demostrado una fuerte relación entre la lesión miocárdica aguda, evidenciada por la elevación de la troponina, y un peor pronóstico durante la hospitalización. Conclusión: Se mapearon alteraciones cardiovasculares en pacientes hospitalizados con Covid-19 que progresaron a enfermedad grave. Este estudio puede contribuir a la planificación asistencial mediante protocolos dirigidos al manejo clínico, específicos para pacientes con la enfermedad, tanto en la fase aguda como en la fase post-Covid-19.

Background: The nutraceutical properties of food hydrolysates rely on multiple biochemical interactions involving the modulation of enzymes and cellular receptors. Numerous bioactive peptides released from troponin and tropomyosin digestion have been identified. Their characterization has mostly been performed by hydrolysis catalyzed by proteases unrelated to the human digestive system. Objective: This study aimed to determine the bioactive profile of beef, pork, and chicken meat by analyzing the frequency and pharmacokinetics of biopeptides released from troponin and tropomyosin. Methods: In silico digestion and biopeptide release frequency were studied by three parameters; bioactive fragments release frequency (AE), frequency percentage (W), and mean occurrence (AS), all stated on the BIOPEP-UWM platform. Further on, hydrolysis end-products were screened based on gastrointestinal-absorption probability and pharmacokinetic profiling performed on SwissADME, SwissTargetPrediction, and ADME/Tlab bioinformatics web tools. Statistical analyses were performed using a one-way ANOVA test. Results: Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibiting biopeptides exhibited the highest release frequency. Moreover, W and AS parameters showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between the myofibrillar isoforms assessed. Seven biopeptides were classified as highly absorbable and reported optimal drug-likeness compliance. Although biopeptides hold good pharmacokinetic properties, the therapeutic potency of biopeptides showed to be lower than those of DPP-IV and ACEinhibiting drugs. Conclusions: Troponin and tropomyosin are rich dietary sources of bioactive peptides, mainly DPP-IV and ACE inhibitors. Digestion end-products are mainly dipeptides with optimal pharmacokinetic and drug-like properties, suggesting a potential therapeutic application in hypertensive and hyperglycemic disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cogitare Enfermagem is the property of Cogitare Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESUMO Objetivo: O presente estudo avaliou a prevalência da elevação da troponina e sua capacidade de prever a mortalidade em 60 dias em pacientes com COVID-19 internados em unidade de terapia intensiva. Metódos: Um estudo longitudinal prospectivo e unicêntrico foi realizado em uma coorte de pacientes em terapia intensiva devido a diagnóstico de COVID-19 confirmado, usando teste de reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real de maio a dezembro de 2020. Uma curva Característica de Operação do Receptor foi construída para predizer o óbito de acordo com o nível de troponina, calculando a área sob a curva e seus intervalos de confiança. Um modelo de risco proporcional de Cox foi gerado para relatar as razões de risco com intervalo de confiança de 95% e o valor de p para sua associação com mortalidade em 60 dias. Resultados: Foram incluídos 296 pacientes com taxa de mortalidade em 60 dias de 51%. A troponina foi positiva em 39,9% (29,6% versus 49,7% em sobreviventes e não sobreviventes, respectivamente). Foi encontrada área sob a curva de 0,65 (IC95% 0,59 - 0,71) para prever a mortalidade. O modelo univariado de Cox demonstrou razão de risco de 1,94 (IC95% 1,41 - 2,67) e p < 0,001, mas essa relação não se manteve no modelo de análise multivariado, no qual a razão de risco foi de 1,387 (IC95% 0,21 - 1,56) e o valor de p foi de 0,12. Conclusão: A elevação da troponina é frequentemente encontrada em pacientes em terapia intensiva para COVID-19. Embora seus níveis sejam maiores em pacientes que vão a óbito, nenhuma relação foi encontrada em um modelo de análise multivariado, o que indica que a troponina não deve ser utilizada como único marcador prognóstico de mortalidade nessa população.

Resumo Fundamento As complicações cardiovasculares da COVID-19 são aspectos importantes da patogênese e do prognóstico da doença. Evidências do papel prognóstico da troponina e da lesão miocárdica em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 na América Latina são ainda escassos. Objetivos Avaliar a lesão miocárdica como preditor independente de mortalidade hospitalar e suporte ventilatório mecânico em pacientes hospitalizados, do registro brasileiro de COVID-19. Métodos Este estudo coorte é um subestudo do registro brasileiro de COVID-19, conduzido em 31 hospitais brasileiros de 17 cidades, de março a setembro de 2020. Os desfechos primários incluíram mortalidade hospitalar e suporte ventilatório mecânico invasivo. Os modelos para os desfechos primários foram estimados por regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, com significância estatística de p

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Medica Colombiana is the property of Acta Medica Colombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Medicas de La Habana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cardiovascular diseases are aggravated by various factors, including chronic use of certain medications. There are worldwide reported cases of sudden strokes or myocardial infarction in previously non-ischemic patients while using medications for other chronic diseases, such as diabetes, gout, hypertension, and endocrine diseases. The mechanism is quite complicated, and the underlying causes were obscure. In line with this reported toxicity are patients with hyperuricemia on uric acid lowering therapy. The goal of the present investigation was to assess the cardiotoxic effect of allopurinol based on the levels of troponin that were quantified by fully automated COBAS technique in apparently healthy renal stone patients. To do so, serum samples were collected from these patients at baseline (before starting allopurinol therapy), and at the end of the course of the therapy. The troponin level was significantly elevated after allopurinol therapy compared to baseline. The study concluded that allopurinol could have a significant cardiotoxic effect in heart tissues and should be used cautiously in patients with preexisting ischemic cardiac diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) impairs the myocardium ability to pump blood. If this condition is not reversed in time, it will compromise the entire cardiovascular system, which in turn can lead to the collapse of all other physiological systems. Therefore, for the rapid and correct management of this condition the role played by the clinical pathology laboratory (CPL) is crucial due to its rapid response in the quantification of cardiac biomarkers. Through the measurements realized in CPL, it is possible to not only diagnose myocardial injury but also evaluate the injury size, establish a prognostic, or estimate the risk of re-infarction. Currently, the data provided by CPL to the clinician is increasingly accurate and robust, which is only possible due to the evolution that has been made in this field during the last three decades. Therefore, the major objective of this review is to emphasize the relevance that CPL has in the management of AMI patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pe parcursul anilor, odată cu emergența noilor metode de diagnostic și tratament, raportul patologiilor ce fac parte din sindroamele coronariene acute s-a schimbat, infarctul miocardic acut fără supradenivelare a segmentului ST (NSTEMI) devenind un lider printre ele. Acest fapt merită o atenție deosebită din motivul profilului clinic mai complicat al pacienților cu NSTEMI, care deseori împiedică un management adecvat, ceea înrăutățește pronosticul persoanelor date, ultimul din start, chiar și în condiții perfecte, fiind mai prost decât la pacienții cu STEMI. Mai multe încercări au fost făcute de numeroși autori pentru a putea depista și acționa asupra lacunelor în abordarea pacienților cu NSTEMI. Cel mai frecvent a fost investigat subiectul timingului tratamentului intervențional. Forțarea acestuia mai mult decât este stipulat în ghidurile SEC și AHA nu s-a soldat până acum cu rezultate certe ce ar putea fi introduse în recomandări noi. Aderența la ghidurile existente de management pare a fi destul de scăzută, fiind unul dintre subiectele studiului curent al laboratorului nostru, dar și al studiului observațional al SEC, care va încerca să dezvăluie situația reală în mai multe țări ale lumii. Emergența studiilor cu metode noi de diagnostic precum coronaroangiografia prin tomografie computerizată și RMN cardiacă demonstrează că la un moment dat aceste investigații își vor căpăta locul în managementul pacienților cu NSTEMI după un triaj corect, scăzând necesitatea CA invazive dar și sporind rata stabilirii diagnosticului corect la pacienții cu MINOCANSTEMI, contribuind astfel la aplicarea unui tratament patogenetic corespunzător. La moment însă sunt necesare studii mai extinse cu selecția corectă a pacienților pentru a putea răspunde la întrebările „cui? când și cu se scop?”, cu speranța de a obține schimbări reale spre bine în pronosticul pacienților cu NSTEMI, ținând cont de piatra de temelie a managementului – aderență mai bună la practicile cu un nivel de evidență înalt.

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sindroamele coronariene acute fără elevarea segmentului ST reprezintă o bună parte din spitalizările urgente în secțiile specializate. Fiind fiziopatologic înrudite cu STEMI la un moment dat căile acestor două entități se separă în ceea ce ține de abordarea lor în practica cotidiană. Și dacă sindroamele coronariene acute cu elevarea segmentului ST beneficiază de un management agresiv, descris foarte clar în ghidurile contemporane, atunci cei cu SCA-NSTE nimeresc într-o capcană de stratificare a riscurilor, soarta lor fiind dependentă de o mulțime de factori, care includ judecata clinică și aprecierea cost-eficienței intervențiilor urgente la pacienții respectivi, abordarea rareori fiind una suficient de obiectivă. Subestimarea riscurilor și temporizarea tratamentului intervențional, dar și prezența mai frecventă a comorbidităților la acești pacienți le conferă un pronostic pe termen scurt și lung deseori mai prost decât la cei cu STEMI. Mai mulți autori au încercat să compare evoluția post-eveniment acut la pacienți cu STEMI și NSTEMI, dar și să elucideze cauzele pronosticului mai puțin favorabil la pacienți cu SCA-NSTE, în special la cei cu NSTEMI. Încercările de a schimba situația creată sunt îndreptate către îmbunătățirea selecției pacienților ce ar beneficia de tratament mai agresiv, posibil echivalent cu cel de care beneficiază pacienții cu STEMI. La moment sunt cercetați mai multi biomarkeri care ar putea confirma diagnosticul precoce de SCA și oferi informație pronostică pentru acești pacienți, facilitând respectiv triajul persoanelor cu dureri toracice la scurt timp de la prezentare spre un management agresiv sau invaziv, dar și spre externare precoce în siguranță. Mai mulți biomarkeri au demonstrat rezultate promițătoare, care însă necesită mai multe studii bine structurate cu speranța de fi validate pentru practica de zi cu zi.

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Major cardiovascular complications in the postoperative period are frequent and the main contributing factor is myocardial injury or infarction (MINS, Myocardial Injury after Noncardiac Surgery) associated with non-cardiac surgery. The 30-day mortality risk in patients with myocardial injury is 4-5 times higher than in patients without this complication. It is estimated that 85% of patients with MINS/infarction are asymptomatic, hence the only way to detect them is through systematic screening of troponins. Although there are no systematic interventions to prevent this complication, there are treatment and management alternatives, so the active early diagnosis is cost effective and relevant from a clinical point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte is the property of Redprint Editora Ltda. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción. El trauma constituye la principal causa de muerte en países desarrollados y en vía de desarrollo; la tercera causa de traumas es el cardiaco cerrado, el cual es una entidad que se subdiagnostica, y eso genera consecuencias letales por no brindar un manejo oportuno, y llevar así a altos costos y carga de morbimortalidad por esta causa. Materiales y métodos. Se analizaron 92 pacientes con diagnóstico de trauma cerrado de tórax, mediante un estudio observacional, analítico y prospectivo, en el Hospital Universitario Hernando Moncaleano Perdomo, entre el 1° de enero de 2015 y el 31 diciembre de 2016. Resultados. La incidencia hallada de trauma cardiaco cerrado fue de 29 por cada 100.000 individuos con trau- ma cerrado de tórax por año. Se encontró un valor de referencia para la troponina I de 0,8250 μg/L, el cual es estadísticamente significativo para el diagnóstico de trauma cardiaco cerrado, aunque es mucho menor que los reportados por distintos autores, los que oscilan entre 1,05 μg/L y 1,5 μg/L. Esto se puede explicar por el método ultrasensible que se utilizó en el laboratorio. Se le practicó un electrocardiograma al 100 % de la población sujeto de estudio, a raíz de lo cual se evidenciaron alteraciones electrocardiográficas en el 82,6 % de los pacientes, y los hallazgos positivos en las radiografías se correlacionaron con un peor pronóstico. Conclusiones. Se encontró una sensibilidad del 78 % y una especificidad del 95 %, de la troponina I, y con un aumento estadísticamente significativo a las 6 horas del trauma; las arritmias letales se presentaron en un bajo porcentaje (2 %) y se encontró un aumento en la morbimortalidad de los pacientes con hallazgos radiográficos positivos. Sin embargo, se necesita un mayor número de pacientes para establecer la significancia estadística. Fecha de recibido: 20/09/2018 - Fecha aceptación: 06/11/2018

Clozapine, atypical antipsychotic drug, is widely used in patients with schizophrenia, for whom previous therapy was inadequate or not tolerated. Clozapine-induced myocarditis (CIM) is a relatively rare but potentially life-threatening complication of clozapine therapy; however, the underlying mechanism has not been so far well elucidated. Factors predisposing to CIM include a rapid dose titration, advanced age and co-administration of sodium valproate. In this paper, we present a case of a 22-year-old male patient with refractory schizophrenia who developed CIM during low-dose clozapine treatment with co-administration of valproate and risperidone. On the basis of our case and literature review, we point out that during the first weeks of clozapine treatment patients should be actively, daily monitored for the presence of symptoms suggesting CIM. The low dose of clozapine and concurrent use of valproate are unique aspects of the report, adding new information to the discussion on safety of concomitant use of clozapine and valproate. Further investigation is required to better understand the role of co-administration of valproate and risperidone in the pathogenesis of CIM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Presentation of the current state of knowledge on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of clozapine-induced myocarditis (CIM). Views: Clozapine is widely used in patients with psychotic disorders for whom previous therapy was inadequate or not tolerated. However, in some cases its use may be associated with serious side-effects. In addition to agranulocytosis, ketoacidosis and intestinal obstruction, CIM is the most serious and potentially life-threatening complication of clozapine therapy, as it encompasses the inflammation and injury of the heart muscle. Attempts to estimate the incidence of CIM are characterized by a large discrepancy of results. To date, the pathomechanism of CIM has not been well investigated. The variability of the clinical spectrum and the lack of pathognomonic signs significantly hinder diagnosis, which is usually based on clinical symptoms, echocardiography, concentration of troponin and C-reactive protein in the serum samples and, in some cases, by myocardial biopsy and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. In patients with suspected/confirmed CIM, the main recommendation is to discontinue clozapine and monitor the patient's vital signs. Clinical observations indicate that a β-blocker and/or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor might be useful in at least same cases of CIM. Conclusions: We point out that patients receiving clozapine should be carefully monitored for the symptoms of CIM. The publication contains guidelines for dealing with suspected CIM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Introduction: Sepsis, an extremely prevalent condition in the intensive care unit, is usually associated with organ dysfunction, which can affect heart and kidney. Objective: To determine whether the cardiac dysfunction and the Troponin I forecast the occurrence of acute renal failure in sepsis. Methods: Cardiac dysfunction was assessed by echocardiography and by the serum troponin I levels, and renal impairment by AKIN criteria and the need of dialysis. Twenty-nine patients with incident sepsis without previous cardiac or renal dysfunction were enrolled. Results and Discussion: Patients averaged 75.3 ± 17.3 years old and 55% were male. Median APACHE II severity score at ICU admission was 16 (9.7 - 24.2) and mortality rate in 30 days was 45%. On the fifth day, 59% had ventricular dysfunction. Troponin serum levels on day 1 in the affected patients were 1.02 ± 0.6 ng/mL compared with 0.23 ± 0.18 ng/mL in patients without heart dysfunction (p = 0.01). Eighteen out of 29 patients (62%) underwent renal replacement therapy (RRT) and the percent of patients with ventricular dysfunction who required dialysis was higher (94% vs. 16%, p = 0.0001). Values of troponin at day 1 were used to develop a ROC curve to determine their ability to predict the need of dialysis. The area under the curve was 0.89 and the cutoff value was 0.4 ng/mL. Conclusion: We found that an elevation in serum troponin levels, while guarding a relationship with ventricular dysfunction, can be a precious tool to predict the need for dialysis in sepsis patients.

Introducción: La elección la solución cardiopléjica óptima sigue siendo motivo de debate en la actualidad. La cardioplejía Del Nido (diseñada originariamente para la población pediátrica) está ganando popularidad en el campo de la cirugía cardiaca del adulto. Métodos: Serie consecutiva de 30 pacientes que recibieron cardioplejía Del Nido como estrategia de protección miocárdica. Se registraron parámetros demográficos y de perfil de riesgo quirúrgico, tipo de procedimiento realizado, supervivencia perioperatoria; así como los principales parámetros de perfusión, variación de hematocrito intraoperatorio y liberación de enzimas de daño miocárdico durante el postoperatorio. Se determinaron los costes de elaboración de la formulación con respecto a los preparados comerciales convencionales. Resultados: La serie presentó una supervivencia hospitalaria del 100%. La parada electromecánica del corazón fue efectiva en todos los casos. Los grupos de procedimientos realizados fueron cirugía combinada valvular/coronaria (43,34%), cirugía valvular simple (30%), cirugía coronaria aislada (13,34%) e intervenciones de más de 2 procedimientos (13,34%). Tras la reperfusión del miocardio se observó una tasa de desfibrilación espontánea del corazón del 83,34%. El destete de circulación extracorpórea se realizó con éxito en el 100%, sin necesidad de soporte circulatorio mecánico y con dosis bajas de soporte inotrópico con dobutamina. El coste estimado de elaboración se situó en 7,39 euros por cada unidad. Conclusiones: La cardioplejía Del Nido es de uso habitual en la práctica clínica tanto en la población pediátrica como en la adulta en centros de elevado volumen quirúrgico. Podría constituir una estrategia de protección miocárdica segura, eficaz y económica de aplicación universal en cirugía cardiaca. Son necesarios estudios adicionales de corte prospectivo para corroborar estos datos.

AbstractObjective:It was supposed that troponins in cardiac myxoma patients might be in a same fashion as in the conditions without myocardial injury. In order to verify this hypothesis, troponins in cardiac myxoma patients were discussed by presenting a comprehensive retrieval of the literature with incorporating the information of a recent patient.Methods:Postoperative detections of troponin I, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide revealed elevated troponin I and CK-MB and normal N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. Postoperative troponin I and CK-MB shared a same trend, reaching a peak value at postoperative hour 2, gradually decreased on postoperative day 1, and reached a plateau on postoperative days 7 and 13. A significant correlation could be noted between the postoperative values of the two indicators (Y=0.0714X + 0.6425, r2=0.9111, r=0.9545, P=0.0116). No significant linear correlation between troponin I and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide were found. Literature review of troponins in cardiac myxoma patients revealed the uncomplicated patients had a normal or only slightly elevated troponin before open heart surgery. However, the complicated patients (with cerebral or cardiac events) showed a normal preoperative troponin in 3 (23.1%) and an elevated troponin in 10 (76.9%) patients (χ2=7.54, P=0.0169, Fisher's exact test). The overall quantitative result of troponin I was 2.45±2.53 µg/L, and that of troponin T was 3.10±4.29 mg/L, respectively.Conclusion:Troponins are not necessarily elevated in patients with a cardiac myxoma without coronary syndrome. By contrast, patients with a cardiac myxoma with an elevated troponin may herald the presence of an associated coronary event. An old cerebral infarct does not necessarily cause an elevation of troponin or B-type natriuretic peptide, or new neurological events, but might lead to a delayed awakening.

OBJECTIVE: To assess children with myocarditis, the frequency of various presenting symptoms, and the accuracy of different investigations in the diagnosis. METHODS: This was an observational study of 63 patients admitted to PICU with non-cardiac diagnosis. Cardiac enzymes, chest-X ray, echocardiography, and electrocardiogram were performed to diagnose myocarditis among those patients. RESULTS: There were 16 cases of definite myocarditis. The age distribution was non-normal, with median of 5.5 months (3.25-21). Of the 16 patients who were diagnosed with myocarditis, 62.5% were originally diagnosed as having respiratory problems, and there were more females than males. Among the present cases, the accuracy of cardiac enzymes (cardiac troponin T [cTn] and creatine phosphokinase MB [CKMB]) in the diagnosis of myocarditis was only 63.5%, while the accuracy of low fractional shortening and of chest-X ray cardiomegaly was 85.7 and 80.9%; respectively. Cardiac troponin folds 2.02 had positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value of 88.7%, specificity of 100%, sensitivity of 62.5%, and accuracy of 90.5%. CONCLUSIONS: Children with myocarditis present with symptoms that can be mistaken for other types of illnesses. When clinical suspicion of myocarditis exists, chest-X ray and echocardiography are sufficient as screening tests. Cardiac troponins confirm the diagnosis in screened cases, with specificity of 100%.

Troponin, a serum marker specific for myocardial necrosis, is useful in evaluation of the myocardial involvement during sepsis using noninvasive methods. The aim of this paper is to review the recent studies on troponin release in sepsis. We also inquire the possible mechanistic connection between the excessive amounts of troponin released in the circulation, and the septic states that prompted this clinical laboratory anomaly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Colombian Journal of Anesthesiology is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: Al evaluar el dolor torácico, con frecuencia se encuentran casos con niveles de troponina elevada y coronariografía sin lesiones significativas, entidad que se ha reportado en el 9% de los casos. El objetivo del estudio es describir las características clínicas y la etiología de dicha población. Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo. Se incluyó a pacientes de 2 hospitales de cuarto nivel con diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardio, que fueron tratados mediante alguna estrategia de estratificación coronaria entre junio de 2013 y febrero de 2015. Se seleccionaron los pacientes con niveles elevados de troponina I y cateterismo cuyas arterias coronarias no tenían lesiones significativas. Resultados: Se incluyeron 111 pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio, de los que 21 (19%) fueron clasificados como infarto agudo del miocardio sin enfermedad coronaria obstructiva; entre ellos, el 85,7% tuvieron una presentación clínica típica del dolor torácico. La relación hombre:mujer fue 4:1, la edad promedio fue de 58 años (entre 40 y 79). El 62% (13/21) presentaban hipertensión, el 33% (7/21) dislipidemia y el 28% (6/21) falla cardiaca. La disnea (61%; 13/21) fue el síntoma asociado más relevante. Se confirmó la etiología en el 62% (13/21); se destacan la falla cardiaca y la embolia pulmonar. En 8 casos (38%) se consideró como diagnóstico la enfermedad microvascular. Conclusiones: Se encontró una alta proporción de infarto agudo del miocardio sin enfermedad coronaria obstructiva. La etiología es similar a lo descrito en la literatura, sobresalen la falla cardiaca y las taquiarritmias. Resulta complejo diferenciar esta entidad de la enfermedad obstructiva, dada la similitud clínica y paraclínica. Se requiere caracterizar mejor la enfermedad microvascular.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in the western world and its treatment should be optimized to decrease severe adverse events. Objective: To determine the effect of previous use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on cardiac troponin I measurement in patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation and evaluate clinical outcomes at 180 days. Methods: Prospective, observational study, carried out in a tertiary center, in patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation. Clinical, electrocardiographic and laboratory variables were analyzed, with emphasis on previous use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and cardiac troponin I. The Pearson chi-square tests (Pereira) or Fisher's exact test (Armitage) were used, as well as the non-parametric Mann-Whitney's test. Variables with significance levels of 0.5 ng / mL) were high blood glucose at admission (p = 0.0034) and ST-segment depression ≥ 0.5 mm in one or more leads (p = 0.0016). The use of angiotensin-converting inhibitors prior to hospitalization was associated with troponin ≤ 0.5 ng / mL (p = 0.0482). The C-statistics for this model was 0.77. Conclusion: This study showed a correlation between prior use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and reduction in the myocardial necrosis marker troponin I in patients admitted for acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation. However, there are no data available yet to state that this reduction could lead to fewer severe clinical events such as death and re-infarction at 180 days.

Amorimia exotropica é um arbusto escandente que pertence à família Malpighiacea, cujo princípio tóxico é o monofluoracetato de sódio e possui ação cardiotóxica em bovinos. Ela é a única representante, na região Sul do país, do grupo de plantas que causam morte súbita associada ao exercício. Este trabalho identificou e mapeou as lesões cardíacas observadas em bovinos intoxicados naturalmente por A. exotropica. Selecionaram-se nove corações bovinos, provenientes de um surto de intoxicação natural pela planta em uma propriedade de gado de corte do Rio Grande do Sul e procedeu-se o mapeamento de oito regiões topográficas distintas (ápice, ventrículos direito e esquerdo, septo interventricular, músculos papilares direito e esquerdo e átrios direito e esquerdo). À avaliação macroscópica quatro bovinos apresentaram lesão focal e bem delimitada no músculo papilar esquerdo. Estas áreas na histologia correspondiam à necrose de coagulação em diferentes estágios de evolução, similares a infartos. Todos os bovinos apresentavam necrose de cardiomiócitos, caracterizadas por retração e hipereosinofilia citoplasmática e fragmentação celular em todas as áreas amostradas. A severidade da injúria celular foi avaliada pela imuno-histoquímica anti-troponina C, a qual demonstrou acentuada perda e/ou diminuição de marcação citoplasmática em células necróticas. O músculo papilar esquerdo foi a região mais acometida nos casos de intoxicação por Amorimia exotropica.

El edema pulmonar de las alturas es una entidad potencialmente fatal que se presenta en individuos que ascienden rápidamente por encima de 2.500 msnm. La hipoxia, el deterioro de la clase funcional y la dificultad respiratoria son el resultado de un edema pulmonar no cardiogénico. En este caso clínico de edema pulmonar de las alturas se encontró elevación de biomarcadores de lesión miocárdica y de sobrecarga de presión, sin compromiso estructural cardiaco o coronario, hallazgo que no ha sido ampliamente documentado. En observaciones recientes se ha evidenciado la elevación del péptido natriurético cerebral (BNP por su sigla en Inglés) en pacientes con enfermedad de las alturas y edema pulmonar de las alturas, con solo un caso clínico publicado que reportó elevación de la troponina asociado a edema pulmonar de las alturas.