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Supplemental material, sj-pdf-10-eup-10.1177_14651165231184641 for What difference does the framing of a crisis make to European Union solidarity? by Federico M Ferrara, Waltraud Schelkle and Zbigniew Truchlewski in European Union Politics

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-22-eup-10.1177_14651165231184641 for What difference does the framing of a crisis make to European Union solidarity? by Federico M Ferrara, Waltraud Schelkle and Zbigniew Truchlewski in European Union Politics

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-7-eup-10.1177_14651165231184641 for What difference does the framing of a crisis make to European Union solidarity? by Federico M Ferrara, Waltraud Schelkle and Zbigniew Truchlewski in European Union Politics

Supplemental material, sj-doc-4-eup-10.1177_14651165231184641 for What difference does the framing of a crisis make to European Union solidarity? by Federico M Ferrara, Waltraud Schelkle and Zbigniew Truchlewski in European Union Politics

Supplemental material, sj-doc-2-eup-10.1177_14651165231184641 for What difference does the framing of a crisis make to European Union solidarity? by Federico M Ferrara, Waltraud Schelkle and Zbigniew Truchlewski in European Union Politics

Supplemental material, sj-doc-3-eup-10.1177_14651165231184641 for What difference does the framing of a crisis make to European Union solidarity? by Federico M Ferrara, Waltraud Schelkle and Zbigniew Truchlewski in European Union Politics

Recent research argues that external threats like war spur EU polity formation (Kelemen & McNamara, 2022). One key mechanism of this process is public support for policy responses designed by policymakers. However, like the ‘rally-round-the-flag’ effect (Mueller, 1970), public support wanes over time and we decompose this decrease into two elements: salience and polarisation at the domestic level for national and European policies in both soft and hard security (aid and sanctions). We show that while salience can sustain public support for European policy innovations, polarisation about national and (unexpectedly) European policies accelerates its decline. We thus qualify the story of EU polity formation through external security crises.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-8-eup-10.1177_14651165231184641 for What difference does the framing of a crisis make to European Union solidarity? by Federico M Ferrara, Waltraud Schelkle and Zbigniew Truchlewski in European Union Politics

This paper introduces a comprehensive method for data collection and analysis, which systematically records and evaluates various features of policy debates across space, time, and issue areas within selected policy episodes. We apply this method to the refugee crisis, discussing advantages, challenges, and best practices. Policy Process Analysis (PPA) incorporates into a single framework the constitutive elements of such policy episodes – including actors’ positions and relations, activities taking place in different policymaking arenas and at different levels of governance, which allows for theoretical and empirical synthesis on a large scale. PPA lies at the cross-roads of the methodological approaches of two distinct research fields that have developed in relative isolation from each other: the study of contentious performances and the study of policy change. Drawing from these methods, it relies on hand-coded datasets collected via the mass media to construct indicators that characterise the substantive elements of policy debates, including the participants, their positions, their interactions, their issue-emphasis, and framing strategies. This holistic reconstruction enables the large-scale, comparative study of the policy process from multiple angles at different levels of analysis, both statically and over time. Funding: The data were collected for the SOLID research project (‘Policy Crisis and Crisis Politics, Sovereignty, Solidarity and Identity in the EU Post-2008’) financed by EU Grant Agreement 810356 – ERC-2018-SyG (SOLID)

Supplemental material, sj-doc-5-eup-10.1177_14651165231184641 for What difference does the framing of a crisis make to European Union solidarity? by Federico M Ferrara, Waltraud Schelkle and Zbigniew Truchlewski in European Union Politics

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-9-eup-10.1177_14651165231184641 for What difference does the framing of a crisis make to European Union solidarity? by Federico M Ferrara, Waltraud Schelkle and Zbigniew Truchlewski in European Union Politics

Supplemental material, sj-docx-6-eup-10.1177_14651165231184641 for What difference does the framing of a crisis make to European Union solidarity? by Federico M Ferrara, Waltraud Schelkle and Zbigniew Truchlewski in European Union Politics

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-eup-10.1177_14651165231184641 for What difference does the framing of a crisis make to European Union solidarity? by Federico M Ferrara, Waltraud Schelkle and Zbigniew Truchlewski in European Union Politics

This Occasional Paper examines how and why the institutional framework governing EMU has evolved since the creation of the euro. Building on theories of institutionalism, the paper in particular investigates to what extent functional spillovers from the single currency into other policy domains, like macroeconomic policies or financial regulation, met with an adequate institutional response, and to what extent the existing institutional framework conditioned the response to the financial crisis. The interaction between policy requirements and institutional capabilities is examined both in “ordinary times” (1999-2007) and under “crisis conditions” (2007-10). The paper uses a typology of change which helps to put into perspective both the resilience of the institutional framework of EMU and its capacity to adapt. In this respect, it allows for a better understanding and framing of the current reforms of EMU economic governance. It concludes that even though the crisis will accelerate institutional development, it will do so only gradually, as path dependence and an inbuilt bias towards incremental change will prevent policy-makers from pursuing a “clean slate” strategy. JEL Classification: E52, E31, D84