35 results on '"Trusheim, M."'
Search Results
2. Invited Article: Precision nanoimplantation of nitrogen vacancy centers into diamond photonic crystal cavities and waveguides
- Author
-
Schukraft, M., Zheng, J., Schröder, T., Mouradian, S. L., Walsh, M., Trusheim, M. E., Bakhru, H., Englund, D. R., Schukraft, M., Zheng, J., Schröder, T., Mouradian, S. L., Walsh, M., Trusheim, M. E., Bakhru, H., and Englund, D. R.
- Abstract
© 2016 Author(s). We demonstrate a self-aligned lithographic technique for precision generation of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers within photonic nanostructures on bulk diamond substrates. The process relies on a lithographic mask with nanoscale implantation apertures for NV creation, together with larger features for producing waveguides and photonic nanocavities. This mask allows targeted nitrogen ion implantation, and precision dry etching of nanostructures on bulk diamond. We demonstrate high-yield generation of single NVs at pre-determined nanoscale target regions on suspended diamond waveguides. We report implantation into the mode maximum of diamond photonic crystal nanocavities with a single-NV per cavity yield of ∼26% and Purcell induced intensity enhancement of the zero-phonon line. The generation of NV centers aligned with diamond photonic structures marks an important tool for scalable production of optically coupled spin memories.
- Published
- 2022
3. MSR71 Development of an Open-Source Web Application for Probabilistic Value-Based Contracting Performance Estimation
- Author
-
Metcalfe, R, Berringer, H, Trusheim, M, Heathfield, A, Geary, K, and Park, J
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The next frontier: Fostering innovation by improving health data access and utilization
- Author
-
Oye, K A, Jain, G, Amador, M, Arnaout, R, Brown, J S, Crown, W, Ferguson, J, Pezalla, E, Rassen, J A, Selker, H P, Trusheim, M, and Hirsch, G
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. From adaptive licensing to adaptive pathways: Delivering a flexible life-span approach to bring new drugs to patients
- Author
-
Eichler, H-G, Baird, L G, Barker, R, Bloechl-Daum, B, Brlum-Kristensen, F, Brown, J, Chua, R, Del Signore, S, Dugan, U, Ferguson, J, Garner, S, Goettsch, W, Haigh, J, Honig, P, Hoos, A, Huckle, P, Kondo, T, Le Cam, Y, Leufkens, H, Lim, R, Longson, C, Lumpkin, M, Maraganore, J, OʼRourke, B, Oye, K, Pezalla, E, Pignatti, F, Raine, J, Rasi, G, Salmonson, T, Samaha, D, Schneeweiss, S, Siviero, P D, Skinner, M, Teagarden, J R, Tominaga, T, Trusheim, M R, Tunis, S, Unger, T F, Vamvakas, S, and Hirsch, G
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Market access of engineered cell and gene therapies across Europe, the US and Canada: challenges, trends and solutions
- Author
-
van Overbeeke, Eline, Michelsen, Sissel, Toumi, Mondher, Stevens, Hilde, Trusheim, M, Meslin, E, Simoens, Steven, and Huys, Isabelle
- Subjects
Mutagenèse et technologie génétique ,Produits pharmaceutiques - Abstract
info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2020
7. Corrigendum: Adaptive biomedical innovation: Evolving our global system to sustainably and safely bring new medicines to patients in need
- Author
-
Hirsch, G, Trusheim, M, Cobbs, E, Bala, M, Garner, S, Hartman, D, Isaacs, K, Lumpkin, M, Lim, R, Oye, K, Pezalla, E, Saltonstall, P, and Selker, H
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Health Services Needs and Demand ,Biomedical Research ,Drug Industry ,Decision Making ,Uncertainty ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Diffusion of Innovation ,Corrigenda ,Delivery of Health Care ,State of the Art ,Feedback - Abstract
The current system of biomedical innovation is unable to keep pace with scientific advancements. We propose to address this gap by reengineering innovation processes to accelerate reliable delivery of products that address unmet medical needs. Adaptive biomedical innovation (ABI) provides an integrative, strategic approach for process innovation. Although the term "ABI" is new, it encompasses fragmented "tools" that have been developed across the global pharmaceutical industry, and could accelerate the evolution of the system through more coordinated application. ABI involves bringing stakeholders together to set shared objectives, foster trust, structure decision-making, and manage expectations through rapid-cycle feedback loops that maximize product knowledge and reduce uncertainty in a continuous, adaptive, and sustainable learning healthcare system. Adaptive decision-making, a core element of ABI, provides a framework for structuring decision-making designed to manage two types of uncertainty - the maturity of scientific and clinical knowledge, and the behaviors of other critical stakeholders.
- Published
- 2017
8. 'Threshold-crossing': A Useful Way to Establish the Counterfactual in Clinical Trials?
- Author
-
Eichler, H.G., Bloechl-Daum, B., Bauer, P., Bretz, F., Brown, J., Hampson, L.V., Honig, P., Krams, M., Leufkens, H.G.M., Lim, R., Lumpkin, M.M., Murphy, M.J., Pignatti, F., Posch, M., Schneeweiss, S., Trusheim, M., Koenig, F., Sub Pharmacoepidemiology, and Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology
- Abstract
A central question in the assessment of benefit/harm of new treatments is: how does the average outcome on the new treatment (the factual) compare to the average outcome had patients received no treatment or a different treatment known to be effective (the counterfactual)? Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the standard for comparing the factual with the counterfactual. Recent developments necessitate and enable a new way of determining the counterfactual for some new medicines. For select situations, we propose a new framework for evidence generation, which we call "threshold-crossing." This framework leverages the wealth of information that is becoming available from completed RCTs and from real world data sources. Relying on formalized procedures, information gleaned from these data is used to estimate the counterfactual, enabling efficacy assessment of new drugs. We propose future (research) activities to enable "threshold-crossing" for carefully selected products and indications in which RCTs are not feasible.
- Published
- 2016
9. 'Threshold-crossing': A Useful Way to Establish the Counterfactual in Clinical Trials?
- Author
-
Sub Pharmacoepidemiology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Eichler, H.G., Bloechl-Daum, B., Bauer, P., Bretz, F., Brown, J., Hampson, L.V., Honig, P., Krams, M., Leufkens, H.G.M., Lim, R., Lumpkin, M.M., Murphy, M.J., Pignatti, F., Posch, M., Schneeweiss, S., Trusheim, M., Koenig, F., Sub Pharmacoepidemiology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Eichler, H.G., Bloechl-Daum, B., Bauer, P., Bretz, F., Brown, J., Hampson, L.V., Honig, P., Krams, M., Leufkens, H.G.M., Lim, R., Lumpkin, M.M., Murphy, M.J., Pignatti, F., Posch, M., Schneeweiss, S., Trusheim, M., and Koenig, F.
- Published
- 2016
10. Adaptive Biomedical Innovation: Evolving Our Global System to Sustainably and Safely Bring New Medicines to Patients in Need
- Author
-
Hirsch, G, primary, Trusheim, M, additional, Cobbs, E, additional, Bala, M, additional, Garner, S, additional, Hartman, D, additional, Isaacs, K, additional, Lumpkin, M, additional, Lim, R, additional, Oye, K, additional, Pezalla, E, additional, Saltonstall, P, additional, and Selker, H, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. “Threshold‐crossing”: A Useful Way to Establish the Counterfactual in Clinical Trials?
- Author
-
Eichler, H‐G, primary, Bloechl‐Daum, B, additional, Bauer, P, additional, Bretz, F, additional, Brown, J, additional, Hampson, LV, additional, Honig, P, additional, Krams, M, additional, Leufkens, H, additional, Lim, R, additional, Lumpkin, MM, additional, Murphy, MJ, additional, Pignatti, F, additional, Posch, M, additional, Schneeweiss, S, additional, Trusheim, M, additional, and Koenig, F, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Invited Article: Precision nanoimplantation of nitrogen vacancy centers into diamond photonic crystal cavities and waveguides
- Author
-
Schukraft, M., primary, Zheng, J., additional, Schröder, T., additional, Mouradian, S. L., additional, Walsh, M., additional, Trusheim, M. E., additional, Bakhru, H., additional, and Englund, D. R., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. The next frontier: Fostering innovation by improving health data access and utilization
- Author
-
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Biomedical Innovation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Political Science, Oye, Kenneth A., Jain, Gagan, Hirsch, Gigi, Amador, M., Arnaout, R., Brown, J. S., Crown, W., Ferguson, J., Pezalla, E., Rassen, J. A., Selker, H. P., Trusheim, M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Biomedical Innovation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Political Science, Oye, Kenneth A., Jain, Gagan, Hirsch, Gigi, Amador, M., Arnaout, R., Brown, J. S., Crown, W., Ferguson, J., Pezalla, E., Rassen, J. A., Selker, H. P., and Trusheim, M.
- Abstract
Beneath most lively policy debates sit dry-as-dust theoretical and methodological discussions. Current disputes over the EU Adaptive Pathways initiative and the proposed US 21st Century Cures Act may ultimately rest on addressing arcane issues of data curation, standardization, and utilization. Improved extraction of inform ation on the safety and effectiveness of drugs-in-use must parallel adjustments in evidence requirements at the time of licensing. To do otherwise may compromise safety and efficacy in the name of fostering innovation.
- Published
- 2015
14. Long-lived NV−spin coherence in high-purity diamond membranes
- Author
-
Hodges, J S, primary, Li, L, additional, Lu, M, additional, Chen, E H, additional, Trusheim, M E, additional, Allegri, S, additional, Yao, X, additional, Gaathon, O, additional, Bakhru, H, additional, and Englund, D, additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. ChemInform Abstract: SURFACE-MODIFIED PHOTOCHEMISTRY. PREPARATION OF SILICA-SUPPORTED TRIIRON DODECACARBONYL VIA IRRADIATION OF ABSORBED IRON PENTACARBONYL
- Author
-
JACKSON, R. L., primary and TRUSHEIM, M. R., additional
- Published
- 1983
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Managing the challenges of paying for gene therapy: strategies for market action and policy reform in the United States.
- Author
-
Phares S, Trusheim M, Emond SK, and Pearson SD
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Health Care Reform economics, Health Services Accessibility economics, Genetic Therapy economics, Genetic Therapy methods, Health Policy
- Abstract
Gene therapies delivered through a single administration have revolutionized treatment possibilities for many patients living with serious or fatal conditions such as spinal muscular atrophy, hemophilia and sickle cell disease. However, shadowing the excitement about the transformational potential of many gene therapies has been widespread concern about the combination of uncertainty in the durability of their benefits over the long term and the short-term financial shock of high prices. As the healthcare payment ecosystem prepares for the growing number of gene therapies entering the market, three key interconnected challenges must be addressed: determining a fair price, managing clinical uncertainty and managing short-term budget impacts. This paper identifies specific policy reforms and market-based tools to help the US health system address these challenges to achieve more equitable and affordable access for patients to the growing number of gene therapies expected to be approved in the coming years.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Creating win-win-win situations with managed entry agreements? Prioritizing gene and cell therapies within the window of opportunity.
- Author
-
Callenbach MHE, Goettsch WG, Mantel-Teeuwisse AK, and Trusheim M
- Subjects
- Humans, Netherlands, Reimbursement Mechanisms, Technology Assessment, Biomedical, United Kingdom, United States, Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy methods, Genetic Therapy methods
- Abstract
Outcome-based reimbursement models are gaining attention for managing the clinical uncertainties and financial impact of gene and cell therapies. Little guidance exists on how such models can create win-win-win situations, benefiting health-care payers, health-technology developers and patients. Our innovative approach prospectively prioritizes therapies for which a 'window of opportunity' might occur through the analysis of health-technology assessments and product characteristics. Within this window, one size does not fit all, and depending on the extent of clinical uncertainty and potential added benefit levels, different win-win-win situations exist in the United States, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Dutch Horizon scanning data prioritized etranacogene dezaparvovec (Hemgenix) and mozafancogene autotemcel for their potential to benefit from outcome-based reimbursement models. These insights extend beyond gene and cell therapies, and could help to provide sustainable health care and patient access to innovative therapies., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Heterogeneous integration of spin-photon interfaces with a CMOS platform.
- Author
-
Li L, Santis L, Harris IBW, Chen KC, Gao Y, Christen I, Choi H, Trusheim M, Song Y, Errando-Herranz C, Du J, Hu Y, Clark G, Ibrahim MI, Gilbert G, Han R, and Englund D
- Abstract
Colour centres in diamond have emerged as a leading solid-state platform for advancing quantum technologies, satisfying the DiVincenzo criteria
1 and recently achieving quantum advantage in secret key distribution2 . Blueprint studies3-5 indicate that general-purpose quantum computing using local quantum communication networks will require millions of physical qubits to encode thousands of logical qubits, presenting an open scalability challenge. Here we introduce a modular quantum system-on-chip (QSoC) architecture that integrates thousands of individually addressable tin-vacancy spin qubits in two-dimensional arrays of quantum microchiplets into an application-specific integrated circuit designed for cryogenic control. We demonstrate crucial fabrication steps and architectural subcomponents, including QSoC transfer by means of a 'lock-and-release' method for large-scale heterogeneous integration, high-throughput spin-qubit calibration and spectral tuning, and efficient spin state preparation and measurement. This QSoC architecture supports full connectivity for quantum memory arrays by spectral tuning across spin-photon frequency channels. Design studies building on these measurements indicate further scaling potential by means of increased qubit density, larger QSoC active regions and optical networking across QSoC modules., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Importance of aligning the implementation of new payment models for innovative pharmaceuticals in European countries.
- Author
-
Kaló Z, Niewada M, Bereczky T, Goettsch W, Vreman RA, Xoxi E, Trusheim M, Callenbach MHE, Nagy L, and Simoens S
- Subjects
- Humans, Costs and Cost Analysis, Europe, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Drug Costs, Technology, Pharmaceutical
- Abstract
Introduction: The uptake of complex technologies and platforms has resulted in several challenges in the pricing and reimbursement of innovative pharmaceuticals. To address these challenges, plenty of concepts have already been described in the scientific literature about innovative value judgment or payment models, which are either (1) remaining theoretical; or (2) applied only in pilots with limited impact on patient access; or (3) applied so heterogeneously in many different countries that it prevents the health care industry from meeting expectations of HTA bodies and health care payers in the evidence requirements or offerings in different jurisdictions., Areas Covered: This paper provides perspectives on how to reduce the heterogeneity of pharmaceutical payment models across European countries in five areas, including 1) extended evaluation frameworks, 2) performance-based risk-sharing agreements, 3) pooled procurement for low volume or urgent technologies, 4) alternative access schemes, and 5) delayed payment models for technologies with high upfront costs., Expert Opinion: Whilst pricing and reimbursement decisions will remain a competence of EU member states, there is a need for alignment of European pharmaceutical payment model components in critical areas with the ultimate objective of improving the equitable access of European patients to increasingly complex pharmaceutical technologies.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Payer and Developer perspectives on alternative payment models.
- Author
-
Moradian R, Meshesha T, Trusheim M, and Barlow JF
- Abstract
Objective: To understand the use of alternative payment models to address the reimbursement challenges of cell and gene therapies (CGT) in the U.S.A.., Methods: A literature search focused on CGT reimbursement in the U.S. market was conducted to identify information gaps and inform survey development. U.S. developers ( n = 100) and payers ( n = 195) were invited to complete an online survey between June and August 2022., Results: The overall response rate was 16%; payer respondents represented 98 plans covering 338 million lives. Most developers (81%) and payers (84%) had implemented or were planning to implement at least one alternative payment model. Payers pursued these models to 'reduce product performance uncertainties' (81%), 'align therapy costs with benefits' (58%), and 'manage actuarial uncertainty' (54%). Developers aimed to 'streamline patient access' (92%) and 'mitigate budget impact' (77%). Common perceived barriers included increased administrative burden (developers 79% and payers 67%), defining performance measures (developers 71%, payers 83%) and addressing patient mobility (developers 71% and payers 63%). Both parties expressed a willingness to use real-world evidence for contract adjudication., Conclusion: Although limited by the number of participants, this survey indicates early discussions coupled with understanding motivations are essential for developing contracts that appeal to both parties and ensure patient access.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Nanoelectromechanical Control of Spin-Photon Interfaces in a Hybrid Quantum System on Chip.
- Author
-
Clark G, Raniwala H, Koppa M, Chen K, Leenheer A, Zimmermann M, Dong M, Li L, Wen YH, Dominguez D, Trusheim M, Gilbert G, Eichenfield M, and Englund D
- Abstract
Color centers (CCs) in nanostructured diamond are promising for optically linked quantum technologies. Scaling to useful applications motivates architectures meeting the following criteria: C1 individual optical addressing of spin qubits; C2 frequency tuning of spin-dependent optical transitions; C3 coherent spin control; C4 active photon routing; C5 scalable manufacturability; and C6 low on-chip power dissipation for cryogenic operations. Here, we introduce an architecture that simultaneously achieves C1-C6. We realize piezoelectric strain control of diamond waveguide-coupled tin vacancy centers with ultralow power dissipation necessary. The DC response of our device allows emitter transition tuning by over 20 GHz, combined with low-power AC control. We show acoustic spin resonance of integrated tin vacancy spins and estimate single-phonon coupling rates over 1 kHz in the resolved sideband regime. Combined with high-speed optical routing, our work opens a path to scalable single-qubit control with optically mediated entangling gates.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Medicaid best price reforms to enable innovative payment models for cell and gene therapies.
- Author
-
Quinn C, Ciarametaro M, Sils B, Phares S, and Trusheim M
- Subjects
- United States, Humans, Medicaid, Commerce
- Abstract
Background: Cell and gene therapies promise durable benefits but face financial challenges from the uncertainty in their performance. Value-based purchasing arrangements (VBPAs) can address uncertainty but have been inhibited in the US by the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program (MDRP) approach to determining Medicaid Best Price (MBP) rebates. The likely effectiveness of MDRP reform proposals enabling VBPAs is examined in this study for durable cell and gene therapies., Methods: Monte Carlo simulations examined three potential reforms (Multiple Best Prices, Bundled Sales, and National Pooling) to determine the impact on payment misalignment, the required payer size to participate, and the percentage of total lives covered by a VBPA., Results: Simulation results suggest that 11% to 54% of commercial US lives would be feasibly covered by a VBPA depending on reform type and condition size. MPB reform achieved the highest commercial contracted percentage and lowest misalignment for commercial payers compared to National Pooling and Bundled Sales. State Medicaid plan results suggest lower extreme misalignment across all successfully contracted instances than commercial payers., Conclusions: The Multiple Best Prices will likely enable VBPAs for many durable cell and gene therapies and larger payers. Further reforms may be needed to extend VBPAs to ultra-orphan conditions.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. A Useful and Sustainable Role for N-of-1 Trials in the Healthcare Ecosystem.
- Author
-
Selker HP, Cohen T, D'Agostino RB, Dere WH, Ghaemi SN, Honig PK, Kaitin KI, Kaplan HC, Kravitz RL, Larholt K, McElwee NE, Oye KA, Palm ME, Perfetto E, Ramanathan C, Schmid CH, Seyfert-Margolis V, Trusheim M, and Eichler HG
- Subjects
- Humans, Treatment Outcome, Delivery of Health Care, Ecosystem
- Abstract
Clinicians and patients often try a treatment for an initial period to inform longer-term therapeutic decisions. A more rigorous approach involves N-of-1 trials. In these single-patient crossover trials, typically conducted in patients with chronic conditions, individual patients are given candidate treatments in a double-blinded, random sequence of alternating periods to determine the most effective treatment for that patient. However, to date, these trials are rarely done outside of research settings and have not been integrated into general care where they could offer substantial benefit. Designating this classical, N-of-1 trial design as type 1, there also are new and evolving uses of N-of-1 trials that we designate as type 2. In these, rather than focusing on optimizing treatment for chronic diseases when multiple approved choices are available, as is typical of type 1, a type 2 N-of-1 trial tests treatments designed specifically for a patient with a rare disease, to facilitate personalized medicine. While the aims differ, both types face the challenge of collecting individual-patient evidence using standard, trusted, widely accepted methods. To fulfill their potential for producing both clinical and research benefits, and to be available for wide use, N-of-1 trials will have to fit into the current healthcare ecosystem. This will require generalizable and accepted processes, platforms, methods, and standards. This also will require sustainable value-based arrangements among key stakeholders. In this article, we review opportunities, stakeholders, issues, and possible approaches that could support general use of N-of-1 trials and deliver benefit to patients and the healthcare enterprise. To assess and expand the benefits of N-of-1 trials, we propose multistakeholder meetings, workshops, and the generation of methods, standards, and platforms that would support wider availability and the value of N-of-1 trials., (© 2021 The Authors. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Data for modelling US projections of product approvals, patients treated, and product revenues for durable cell and gene therapies.
- Author
-
Young CM, Trusheim M, and Quinn C
- Abstract
The recent marketing approval of several durable gene and cell therapies (2017-2020), together with observations that 7,000 monogenic indications and many cancers were potential targets, led to concern about the potential economic impact of such therapies on the US healthcare system. Using a Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation model, driven stochastically by our estimates of the time in phase of clinical trials and each clinical trial phase probability of success, we forecast the pattern of future US regulatory approvals for such therapies currently undergoing clinical trials. Using parameters of those trials, such as inclusion and exclusion criteria, and other epidemiological data we estimate potential treatable patient populations and use these together with pricing estimates to forecast a range for the potential future list price product revenues associated with these therapies., Competing Interests: Colin Young reports other from FoCUS Consortium, during the conduct of the study. Mark Trusheim reports other from FoCUS Consortium, during the conduct of the study; other from Co-Bio Consulting LLC, outside the submitted work. Casey Quinn reports other from FoCUS Consortium, during the conduct of the study., (© 2022 The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Precision Reimbursement for Precision Medicine: Using Real-World Evidence to Evolve From Trial-and-Project to Track-and-Pay to Learn-and-Predict.
- Author
-
Eichler HG, Trusheim M, Schwarzer-Daum B, Larholt K, Zeitlinger M, Brunninger M, Sherman M, Strutton D, and Hirsch G
- Subjects
- Humans, Machine Learning, Evidence-Based Medicine methods, Forecasting methods, Insurance, Health, Reimbursement, Precision Medicine economics
- Abstract
Basic scientists and drug developers are accelerating innovations toward the goal of precision medicine. Regulators create pathways for timely patient access to precision medicines, including individualized therapies. Healthcare payors acknowledge the need for change but downstream innovation for coverage and reimbursement is only haltingly occurring. Performance uncertainty, high price-tags, payment timing, and actuarial risk issues associated with precision medicines present novel financial challenges for payors. With traditional drug reimbursement frameworks, payment is based on an assumed randomized controlled trial (RCT) projection of real-world effectiveness, a "trial-and-project" strategy; the clinical benefit realized for patients is not usually ascertained ex post by collection of real-world data (RWD). To mitigate financial risks resulting from clinical performance uncertainty, manufacturers and payors devised "track-and-pay" frameworks (i.e., the tracking of a pre-agreed treatment outcome which is linked to financial consequences). Whereas some track-and-pay arrangements have been successful, inherent weaknesses include the potential for misalignment of incentives, the risk of channeling of patients, and a failure to use the RWD generated to enable continuous learning about treatments. "Precision reimbursement" (PR) intends to overcome inherent weaknesses of simple track-and-pay schemes. In combining the collection of RWD with advanced analytics (e.g., artificial intelligence and machine learning) to generate actionable real-world evidence, with prospective alignment of incentives across all stakeholders (including providers and patients), and with pre-agreed use and dissemination of information generated, PR becomes a "learn-and-predict" model of payment for performance. We here describe in detail the concept of PR and lay out the next steps to make it a reality., (© 2021 The Authors. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Market access of gene therapies across Europe, USA, and Canada: challenges, trends, and solutions.
- Author
-
van Overbeeke E, Michelsen S, Toumi M, Stevens H, Trusheim M, Huys I, and Simoens S
- Subjects
- Canada, Europe, Genetic Therapy economics, Humans, Marketing legislation & jurisprudence, United States, Genetic Therapy legislation & jurisprudence, Health Services Accessibility, Reimbursement Mechanisms
- Abstract
This review can inform gene therapy developers on challenges that can be encountered when seeking market access. Moreover, it provides an overview of trends among challenges and potential solutions., (Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Understanding the Rewards of Successful Drug Development - Thinking Inside the Box.
- Author
-
Khullar D, Ohn JA, Trusheim M, and Bach PB
- Subjects
- Drug Approval economics, Drug Industry legislation & jurisprudence, Drugs, Generic, Health Policy, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, United States, United States Food and Drug Administration, Drug Approval legislation & jurisprudence, Drug Development economics, Drug Industry economics, Government Regulation history, Legislation, Drug history, Patents as Topic legislation & jurisprudence
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Estimating the Clinical Pipeline of Cell and Gene Therapies and Their Potential Economic Impact on the US Healthcare System.
- Author
-
Quinn C, Young C, Thomas J, and Trusheim M
- Subjects
- Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy methods, Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy trends, Economic Development trends, Genetic Therapy methods, Genetic Therapy trends, Humans, United States, Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy economics, Genetic Therapy economics
- Abstract
Objectives: To estimate, at the indication level, durable gene and cellular therapy new product launches in the United States through 2030, and the number of treated patients., Methods: A statistical analysis of clinical trials pipeline data and disease incidence and prevalence was conducted to estimate the impact of new cell and gene therapies. We used Citeline's
® Pharmaprojects® database to estimate the rates and timing of new product launches, on the basis of the phase of development, duration in phase, and probability of progression. Disease incidence and prevalence data were combined with estimates of market adoption to project the size of reimbursed patient populations., Results: We project that about 350 000 patients will have been treated with 30 to 60 products by 2030. About half the launches are expected to be in B-cell (CD-19) lymphomas and leukemias., Conclusions: Cell and gene therapies promise durable clinical benefit from a single treatment course. High upfront reimbursement for these products means that the total costs could exceed what the healthcare system can manage. This creates a need for precision financing solutions and new reimbursement models that can ensure appropriate patient access to needed treatments, increase affordability for payers, and sustain private investment in innovation., (Copyright © 2019 ISPOR–The Professional Society for Health Economics and Outcomes Research. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Characterization of annual disease progression of multiple sclerosis patients: A population-based study.
- Author
-
Freilich J, Manouchehrinia A, Trusheim M, Baird LG, Desbiens S, Berndt E, and Hillert J
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Registries, Risk Factors, Disease Progression, Multiple Sclerosis pathology
- Abstract
Background: Previous research characterizing factors influencing multiple sclerosis (MS) disease progression has typically been based on time to disease milestones (Kaplan-Meier, Cox hazard regression, etc.). A limitation of these methods is the handling of the often large groups of patients not reaching the milestone., Objective: To characterize clinical factors influencing MS disease progression as annual transitions from each Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)., Method: The annual progression of 11,964 patients from the Swedish MS Registry was analysed with 10 multinomial logistic regressions, that is, one for transition from each full EDSS with explanatory variables age, sex, age at onset, time in current EDSS, highest prior EDSS, MS course and treatment., Results: All factors (except sex) investigated had statistically significant impacts on transitions from at least one EDSS. However, significance and size of the effect are dependent on the EDSS state of the patient. Greater age, longer time in a state, highest prior EDSS, having progressive MS and treatment had significant impacts, whereas age at onset had minor impact., Conclusion: Our study confirms that established factors associated with MS disease worsening in time to disease milestones also have impacts on annual progression. This approach adds granularity to what EDSS these factors have an influence.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. DECISION-COMPONENTS OF NICE'S TECHNOLOGY APPRAISALS ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK.
- Author
-
de Folter J, Trusheim M, Jonsson P, and Garner S
- Subjects
- Cost-Benefit Analysis, Humans, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Uncertainty, United Kingdom, Decision Making, State Medicine organization & administration, Technology Assessment, Biomedical organization & administration
- Abstract
Objectives: Value assessment frameworks have gained prominence recently in the context of U.S. healthcare. Such frameworks set out a series of factors that are considered in funding decisions. The UK's National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) is an established health technology assessment (HTA) agency. We present a novel application of text analysis that characterizes NICE's Technology Appraisals in the context of the newer assessment frameworks and present the results in a visual way., Methods: A total of 243 documents of NICE's medicines guidance from 2007 to 2016 were analyzed. Text analysis was used to identify a hierarchical set of decision factors considered in the assessments. The frequency of decision factors stated in the documents was determined and their association with terms related to uncertainty. The results were incorporated into visual representations of hierarchical factors., Results: We identified 125 decision factors, and hierarchically grouped these into eight domains: Clinical Effectiveness, Cost Effectiveness, Condition, Current Practice, Clinical Need, New Treatment, Studies, and Other Factors. Textual analysis showed all domains appeared consistently in the guidance documents. Many factors were commonly associated with terms relating to uncertainty. A series of visual representations was created., Conclusions: This study reveals the complexity and consistency of NICE's decision-making processes and demonstrates that cost effectiveness is not the only decision-criteria. The study highlights the importance of processes and methodology that can take both quantitative and qualitative information into account. Visualizations can help effectively communicate this complex information during the decision-making process and subsequently to stakeholders.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. PIPELINEs: Creating Comparable Clinical Knowledge Efficiently by Linking Trial Platforms.
- Author
-
Trusheim MR, Shrier AA, Antonijevic Z, Beckman RA, Campbell RK, Chen C, Flaherty KT, Loewy J, Lacombe D, Madhavan S, Selker HP, and Esserman LJ
- Subjects
- Clinical Trials as Topic economics, Clinical Trials as Topic organization & administration, Cooperative Behavior, Endpoint Determination, Humans, Time Factors, Translational Research, Biomedical organization & administration, Clinical Trials as Topic methods, Patient Selection, Reimbursement Mechanisms, Research Design
- Abstract
Adaptive, seamless, multisponsor, multitherapy clinical trial designs executed as large scale platforms, could create superior evidence more efficiently than single-sponsor, single-drug trials. These trial PIPELINEs also could diminish barriers to trial participation, increase the representation of real-world populations, and create systematic evidence development for learning throughout a therapeutic life cycle, to continually refine its use. Comparable evidence could arise from multiarm design, shared comparator arms, and standardized endpoints-aiding sponsors in demonstrating the distinct value of their innovative medicines; facilitating providers and patients in selecting the most appropriate treatments; assisting regulators in efficacy and safety determinations; helping payers make coverage and reimbursement decisions; and spurring scientists with translational insights. Reduced trial times and costs could enable more indications, reduced development cycle times, and improved system financial sustainability. Challenges to overcome range from statistical to operational to collaborative governance and data exchange., (© 2016 The Authors Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Investigating investment in biopharmaceutical R&D.
- Author
-
Carter PH, Berndt ER, DiMasi JA, and Trusheim M
- Subjects
- Animals, Biopharmaceutics trends, Drug Industry trends, Humans, Investments trends, Research trends, Biopharmaceutics economics, Drug Industry economics, Investments economics, Research economics
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Nanoscale Engineering of Closely-Spaced Electronic Spins in Diamond.
- Author
-
Scarabelli D, Trusheim M, Gaathon O, Englund D, and Wind SJ
- Abstract
Numerous theoretical protocols have been developed for quantum information processing with dipole-coupled solid-state spins. Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have many of the desired properties, but a central challenge has been the positioning of NV centers at the nanometer scale that would allow for efficient and consistent dipolar couplings. Here we demonstrate a method for chip-scale fabrication of arrays of single NV centers with record spatial localization of about 10 nm in all three dimensions and controllable inter-NV spacing as small as 40 nm, which approaches the length scale of strong dipolar coupling. Our approach uses masked implantation of nitrogen through nanoapertures in a thin gold film, patterned via electron-beam lithography and dry etching. We verified the position and spin properties of the resulting NVs through wide-field super-resolution optically detected magnetic resonance imaging.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Medicines Adaptive Pathways to Patients (MAPPs): A Story of International Collaboration Leading to Implementation.
- Author
-
Schulthess D, Baird LG, Trusheim M, Unger TF, Lumpkin M, Hoos A, Garner S, Gavin P, Goldman M, Seigneuret N, Chlebus M, Van Baelen K, Bergstrom R, and Hirsch G
- Abstract
After nearly a decade of discussion, analysis, and development, the Medicines Adaptive Pathways to Patients (MAPPs) initiative is beginning to see acceptance from regulators, industry, patients, and payers, with the first live pilot project initiated under the guidance of the European Medicines Agency in 2014. Although it is a significant achievement to see the first asset being placed into human trials under an adaptive pathway, there is much to be learned regarding the multinational and multi-stakeholder effort that has driven the growing acceptance of MAPPs as a methodology and concept, as well as the need for continued and increasing international collaboration to foster the wider adoption of MAPPs. Changes in available science and technology, as well as a number of challenges in the current system, outlined in this paper, are transforming approaches to medicines development and approval. It is these challenges that have led directly to the groundbreaking MAPPs collaboration between the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Center for Biomedical Innovation's New Drug Development Paradigms Initiative, the EMA, patient, payer and health technology assessment groups, the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations, and the Innovative Medicines Initiative-a European public-private partnership. This article examines the development of MAPPs, from inception of the concept, to the establishment of this trans-Atlantic initiative, and examines challenges for the future.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Translational Medicine Guide transforms drug development processes: the recent Merck experience.
- Author
-
Dolgos H, Trusheim M, Gross D, Halle JP, Ogden J, Osterwalder B, Sedman E, and Rossetti L
- Subjects
- Drug Industry, Humans, Drug Discovery, Program Development, Translational Research, Biomedical
- Abstract
Merck is implementing a question-based Translational Medicine Guide (TxM Guide) beginning as early as lead optimization into its stage-gate drug development process. Initial experiences with the TxM Guide, which is embedded into an integrated development plan tailored to each development program, demonstrated opportunities to improve target understanding, dose setting (i.e., therapeutic index), and patient subpopulation selection with more robust and relevant early human-based evidence, and increased use of biomarkers and simulations. The TxM Guide is also helping improve organizational learning, costs, and governance. It has also shown the need for stronger external resources for validating biomarkers, demonstrating clinical utility, tracking natural disease history, and biobanking., (Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.