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510 results on '"Tsai, M. Y."'

11. Natural killer cell lymphoma shares strikingly similar molecular features with a group of non-hepatosplenic γδ T-cell lymphoma and is highly sensitive to a novel aurora kinase A inhibitor in vitro

Author

Iqbal, J, Weisenburger, D D, Chowdhury, A, Tsai, M Y, Srivastava, G, Greiner, T C, Kucuk, C, Deffenbacher, K, Vose, J, Smith, L, Au, W Y, Nakamura, S, Seto, M, Delabie, J, Berger, F, Loong, F, Ko, Y-H, Sng, I, Liu, X, Loughran, T P, Armitage, J, and Chan, W C

Published
2011
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14. Simultaneous Characterization of Both Coefficients of Thermal Expansion and Thermal Warpages of Flip-Chip Packages With a Cap Using Strain Gauges

Author

Wang, Y. W., Tsai, M. Y., and Chou, Y. S.

Abstract

A relatively low-cost and easy-to-use strain gauge measurement is proposed here as an alternative method for simultaneously determining the thermally induced warpages and the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of the flip-chip packages with a cap (or lid). The feasibility of the strain gauge method is evaluated by the shadow moiré experiment and the finite element analysis. The stiffness effect of the thermal interface materials (TIMs) in the flip-chip packages with a cap is also considered. The result suggests that the general back-to-back gauge measurement method on the top and bottom of the specimen would cause significant errors as the TIM is relatively compliant, but not for stiff TIMs. This study also proposes a modified gauge method with a few related strain equations for those cases with compliant TIMs to effectively determine their thermal warpages and CTEs by the gauge measurement. The finite element method (FEM) simulation, consistent with shadow moiré, has further validated the effectiveness of the modified gauge method. Therefore, the newly developed and modified method of strain gauges is found to be feasible and workable for simultaneously determining both thermal warpages and CTEs of the flip-chip packages with a cap, especially with a compliant TIM.

Published
2024
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17. Short-term personal and outdoor exposure to ultrafine and fine particulate air pollution in association with blood pressure and lung function in healthy adults

Author

van Nunen, E., Hoek, G., Tsai, M.-Y., Probst-Hensch, N., Imboden, M., Jeong, A., Naccarati, A., Tarallo, S., Raffaele, D., Nieuwenhuijsen, M., Vlaanderen, J., Gulliver, J., Amaral, A.F.S., Vineis, P., Vermeulen, R., LS IRAS EEPI GRA (Gezh.risico-analyse), IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, dIRAS RA-2, dIRAS RA-I&I RA, Commission of the European Communities, LS IRAS EEPI GRA (Gezh.risico-analyse), IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, dIRAS RA-2, and dIRAS RA-I&I RA

Subjects
Adult, Fine particulate, 05 Environmental Sciences, Air pollution, Blood Pressure, 010501 environmental sciences, medicine.disease_cause, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, complex mixtures, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Lung Function, Interquartile range, law, Environmental Science(all), Environmental health, Air Pollution, Ultrafine particle, medicine, Adults, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Particle Size, Lung, Lung function, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Netherlands, Air Pollutants, business.industry, Actigraphy, Environmental Exposure, 06 Biological Sciences, Blood pressure, Ultrafine particles, Italy, Ventilation (architecture), Particulate Matter, business, 03 Chemical Sciences, Switzerland
Abstract

Studies reporting on associations between short-term exposure to outdoor fine (PM2.5), and ultrafine particles (UFP) and blood pressure and lung function have been inconsistent. Few studies have characterized exposure by personal monitoring, which especially for UFP may have resulted in substantial exposure measurement error. We investigated the association between 24-h average personal UFP, PM2.5, and soot exposure and dose and the health parameters blood pressure and lung function. We further assessed the short-term associations between outdoor concentrations measured at a central monitoring site and near the residences and these health outcomes. We performed three 24-h personal exposure measurements for UFP, PM2.5, and soot in 132 healthy adults from Basel (Switzerland), Amsterdam and Utrecht (the Netherlands), and Turin (Italy). Monitoring of each subject was conducted in different seasons in a one-year study period. Subject's activity levels and associated ventilation rates were measured using actigraphy to calculate the inhaled dose. After each 24-h monitoring session, blood pressure and lung function were measured. Contemporaneously with personal measurements, UFP, PM2.5 and soot were measured outdoor at the subject's residential address and at a central site in the research area. Associations between short-term personal and outdoor exposure and dose to UFP, PM2.5, and soot and health outcomes were tested using linear mixed effect models. The 24-h mean personal, residential and central site outdoor UFP exposures were not associated with blood pressure or lung function. UFP mean exposures in the 2-h prior to the health test was also not associated with blood pressure and lung function. Personal, central site and residential PM2.5 exposure were positively associated with systolic blood pressure (about 1.4 mmHg increase per Interquartile range). Personal soot exposure and dose were positively associated with diastolic blood pressure (1.2 and 0.9 mmHg increase per Interquartile range). No consistent associations between PM2.5 or soot exposure and lung function were observed. Short-term personal, residential outdoor or central site exposure to UFP was not associated with blood pressure or lung function. Short-term personal PM2.5 and soot exposures were associated with blood pressure, but not lung function.

Published
2020

19. Lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 variants and dietary fatty acids: meta-analysis of European origin and African American studies

Author

Smith, C E, Ngwa, J, Tanaka, T, Qi, Q, Wojczynski, M K, Lemaitre, R N, Anderson, J S, Manichaikul, A, Mikkilä, V, van Rooij, F JA, Ye, Z, Bandinelli, S, Frazier-Wood, A C, Houston, D K, Hu, F, Langenberg, C, McKeown, N M, Mozaffarian, D, North, K E, Viikari, J, Zillikens, M C, Djoussé, L, Hofman, A, Kähönen, M, Kabagambe, E K, Loos, R JF, Saylor, G B, Forouhi, N G, Liu, Y, Mukamal, K J, Chen, Y-DI, Tsai, M Y, Uitterlinden, A G, Raitakari, O, van Duijn, C M, Arnett, D K, Borecki, I B, Cupples, L A, Ferrucci, L, Kritchevsky, S B, Lehtimäki, T, Qi, Lu, Rotter, J I, Siscovick, D S, Wareham, N J, Witteman, J CM, Ordovás, J M, and Nettleton, J A

Published
2013
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20. The Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial (DPTT): P0744

Author

Engebretson, S. P., Michalowicz, B., Reddy, M., Oates, T., Katancik, J., Paquette, D., Seaquist, E., Lewis, C. E., Tripathy, D., Orlander, P., Gelato, M., Hanson, N., Tsai, M. Y., Fazzari, M., Schoenfeld, E., and Hyman, L.

Published
2012

25. Application of Peak Serum Glucose in 3 Days for Predicting Outcomes in Sepsis Patients with or Without Diabetes Mellitus in Intensive Care Units

Author

Fang, W.-F., primary, Hung, K.-Y., additional, Huang, C.-H., additional, Wu, H.-F., additional, Lee, S.-H., additional, Tsai, M.-L., additional, Tsai, M.-Y., additional, Yeh, H., additional, Chang, Y.-T., additional, Chen, Y.-M., additional, Huang, K.-T., additional, Wang, Y.-H., additional, Wang, C.-C., additional, and Lin, M.-C., additional

Published
2020
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29. Biomarkers of Dietary Omega-6 Fatty Acids and Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality

Author

MARKLUND, M., WU, J. H. Y., IMAMURA, F., DEL GOBBO, L. C., FRETTS, A., DE GOEDE, J., Shi, P., TINTLE, N., WENNBERG, M., ASLIBEKYAN, S., CHEN, T. A., DE OLIVEIRA OTTO, M. C., Hirakawa, Y., ERIKSEN, H. H., KROGER, J., LAGUZZI, F., LANKINEN, M., Murphy, R. A., PREM, K., Samieri, C., Virtanen, J., WOOD, A. C., Wong, K., YANG, W. S., Zhou, X., BAYLIN, A., BOER, J. M. A., BROUWER, I. A., Campos, H., CHAVES, P. H. M., CHIEN, K. L., DE FAIRE, U., DJOUSSE, L., EIRIKSDOTTIR, G., EL-ABBADI, N., FOROUHI, N. G., MICHAEL GAZIANO, J., GELEIJNSE, J. M., GIGANTE, B., GILES, G., GUALLAR, E., GUDNASON, V., HARRIS, T., HARRIS, W. S., Helmer, Catherine, HELLENIUS, M. L., Hodge, A., Hu, F. B., JACQUES, P. F., JANSSON, J. H., Kalsbeek, A., Khaw, K. T., Koh, W. P., Laakso, M., LEANDER, K., LIN, H. J., LIND, L., LUBEN, R., Luo, J., MCKNIGHT, B., MURSU, J., Ninomiya, T., Overvad, K., PSATY, B. M., RIMM, E., SCHULZE, M. B., SISCOVICK, D., SKJELBO NIELSEN, M., SMITH, A. V., STEFFEN, B. T., STEFFEN, L., Sun, Q., SUNDSTROM, J., TSAI, M. Y., TUNSTALL-PEDOE, H., UUSITUPA, M. I. J., VAN DAM, R. M., VEENSTRA, J., MONIQUE VERSCHUREN, W. M., Wareham, N., WILLETT, W., Woodward, M., Yuan, J. M., Micha, R., LEMAITRE, R. N., Mozaffarian, D., Bordeaux population health (BPH), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, LEHA
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Global dietary recommendations for and cardiovascular effects of linoleic acid, the major dietary omega-6 fatty acid, and its major metabolite, arachidonic acid, remain controversial. To address this uncertainty and inform international recommendations, we evaluated how in vivo circulating and tissue levels of linoleic acid (LA) and arachidonic acid (AA) relate to incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) across multiple international studies. METHODS: We performed harmonized, de novo, individual-level analyses in a global consortium of 30 prospective observational studies from 13 countries. Multivariable-adjusted associations of circulating and adipose tissue LA and AA biomarkers with incident total CVD and subtypes (coronary heart disease (CHD), ischemic stroke, cardiovascular mortality) were investigated according to a prespecified analytical plan. Levels of LA and AA, measured as % of total fatty acids, were evaluated linearly according to their interquintile range (i.e., the range between the mid-point of the first and fifth quintiles), and categorically by quintiles. Study-specific results were pooled using inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was explored by age, sex, race, diabetes, statin use, aspirin use, omega-3 levels, and fatty acid desaturase 1 genotype (when available). RESULTS: In 30 prospective studies with medians of follow-up ranging 2.5 to 31.9 years, 15,198 incident cardiovascular events occurred among 68,659 participants. Higher levels of LA were significantly associated with lower risks of total CVD, cardiovascular mortality, and ischemic stroke, with hazard ratios per interquintile range of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88-0.99), 0.78 (0.70-0.85), and 0.88 (0.79-0.98), respectively, and nonsignificantly with lower CHD risk (0.94; 0.88-1.00). Relationships were similar for LA evaluated across quintiles. AA levels were not associated with higher risk of cardiovascular outcomes; comparing extreme quintiles, higher levels were associated with lower risk of total CVD (0.92; 0.86-0.99). No consistent heterogeneity by population subgroups was identified in the observed relationships. CONCLUSIONS: In pooled global analyses, higher in vivo circulating and tissue levels of LA and possibly AA were associated with lower risk of major cardiovascular events. These results support a favorable role for LA in CVD prevention.

Published
2019

33. Royal academy of medicine in Ireland international conference on homocysteine metabolism from basic science to clinical medicine: Proceedings of meeting held at Dromoland Castle, Co. Clare on July 2nd–6th, 1995

Author

Björkegren, K., Bergmark, C., de Faire, U., Mansoor, M. Azam, Svardal, A., Bostom, A. G., Roubenoff, R., Dellaripa, P., Nadeau, M. R., Sutherland, P., Wilson, P. W. F., Jacques, P. F., Selhub, J., Rosenberg, I. H., Bostom, A. G., Brosnan, J. T., Hall, B., Nadeau, M. R., Selhub, J., Bostom, A. G., Shemin, D., Lapane, K. L., Sutherland, P., Nadeau, M. R., Wilson, P. W. F., Selhub, J., Bostom, A. G., Shemin, D., Nadeau, M. R., Selhub, J., Bostom, A. G., Selhub, J., Jacques, P. F., Nadeau, M. R., Williams, R. R., Ellison, R. C., Cuskelly, G. J., McNulty, H., Strain, J. J., McPartlin, J. M., Scott, J. M., Chadefaux-Vekemans, B., Coudé, M., Aupetit, J., Kamoun, P., Coudé, M., Aral, B., Zabot, M. T., Aupetit, J., Kamoun, P., Chadefaux-Vekemans, B., Calaf, R., Ghiringelli, O., Barlatier, A., Charpiot, P., Rolland, P. H., Garçon, D., Charpiot, P., Augier, T., Chareyre, C., Rolland, P. H., Garçon, D., Chango, A., Hodez, F., Tronel, H., Nuel, G., Michel, F., Frémont, S., Méjean, L., Nicolas, J. P., Candito, M., Chambon, P., Gibelin, P., Amsellem, J., Baudouy, M., Morand, P., Candito, M., Chambon, P., Pringuey, D., Aubin-Brunet, V., Beaulieu, F., Darcourt, G., Bedoucha, P., Alchaar, H., Chatel, M., Candito, M., de Valk, H. W., van der Griend, R., Eeden, M. K. G. van, de Groot, E., Duran, M., Smeitink, J. A. M., de Klerk, J. B. C., Wittebol-Post, D., Rolland, M. -O., Haas, F. J. L. M., Meuwissen, O. J. A. Th., Banga, J. D., Poll-The, B. T., de Vries, J. I. P., Dekker, G. A., van Geijn, H. P., Huigens, P. C., Jakobs, C., von Blomberg, B. M. E., Deulofeu, R., Giralt, M., Aibar, C., Bauchet, C., Ballesta, A. M., Varela, G., Vila, N., Chamorro, A., Casals, F. J., Cremades, J. Diaz, Daly, L., Meleady, R., Graham, I., den Heijer, M., Brouwer, I. A., Gerrits, W. B. J., Bos, G. M. J., Blom, H. J., den Heijer, M., Bos, G. M. J., Koster, T., Vandenbroucke, J. P., Blom, H. J., Briët, E., Rosendaal, F. R., Fischer, G., Behrend, C., Bartholmes, P., Fermo, I., Paroni, R., Vigano, S., D’Angelo, A., Fermo, I., Paroni, R., Vigano, S., D’Angelo, A., Franken, D. G., Boers, G. H. J., Blom, H. J., Hamel, B. C. J., Franken, D. G., Boers, G. H. J., Blom, H. J., Ruijs, J. H. J., Franken, D. G., Blom, H. J., Boers, G. H. J., Tangerman, A., Guttormsen, A. B., Ueland, P. M., Refsum, H., Svarstad, E., Gao, W., Goldman, E., Jakubowski, H., Sebastio, G., Sperandeo, M. P., de Franchis, R., Andria, G., Garrow, T. A., Hladovec, J., Sommerova, Z., Písariková, A., Halsted, C. H., Villanueva, J., Chandler, C. J., Stabler, S. P., Allen, R. H., Muskhelishvili, L., James, S. J., Poirer, L., Jacobsen, D. W., Savon, S. R., DiCorleto, P. E., Jourdheuil-Rahmani, D., Rolland, P. H., Garçon, D., Joosten, E., Riezler, R., Allen, R., Joosten, E., Riezler, R., Allen, R., Marquardt, T., Ullrich, K., Harms, E., Koch, H. G., Koch, H. G., Evers, S., Grotemeyer, K. H., Vogelpohl, L., von Eckardstein, A., Ullrich, K., Deufel, T., Kraus, J., Harms, E., Kozich, V., Janosik, M., Sokolová, J., Bukovská, G., Kraus, J. P., Kluitmans, L. A. J., van den Heuvel, L. P., Stevens, E., Trubels, J. M. F., Blom, H. J., Boers, G. H. J., van Oost, B. A., Kraus, J. P., Kittner, S., Macko, R., Hebel, J. R., Rohr, J., Malinow, M. R., Upson, B., Buchholz, D., Earley, C., Johnson, C., Price, T. R., Rosario, J., Sloan, M., Stern, B., Wityk, R., Wozniak, M., Sherwin, R., Stolley, P., Kluijtmans, L., Heuvel, L. van den, Stevens, E., Trijbels, F., Blom, H., Boers, G., van Oost, B., den Heijer, M., Rozen, R., Löhrer, F., Angst, C., Fowler, B., Zaugg, M., Brunner, F., Haefeli, W. E., Nedrebø, B., Ericsson, U. -B., Ueland, P. M., Refsum, H., Lien, E. A., London, J., Paly, E., Paul, V., Paris, D., Kamoun, P., Chassé, J. F., Møller, J., Rasmussen, K., Meleady, R., Graham, I., Daly, L., Verhoef, P., Meleady, R., Graham, I., Daly, L., McMartin, K. E., Phifer, T. J., Alexander, J. S., Middlebrooks, M., Childress, L. E., Nicolas, J. P., Tronel, H., Chango, A., Fremont, S., Felden, F., Guerci, B., Creton, C., Drouin, P., Oakley, G. P., Elias, P. R. P., Hann, A. C., Curtis, C. G., Rose, F. A., Tudball, N., Parrot-Roulaud, F., Cochet, C., Catargi, B., Leprat, F., Latapie, J. -L., Perna, A. F., De Santo, N. G., Ingrosso, D., Galletti, P., Zappia, V., Parrot-Roulaud, F., Sassoust, G., Boissieras, P., Blom, H. J., Majors, A. K., Ehrhart, L. A., Pezacka, E. H., Perry, I. J., Morris, R. W., Ebrahim, S. B., Shaper, A. G., Refsum, H., Ueland, P. M., Pietrzik, K., Dierkes, J., Kroesen, M., Bung, P., Rasmussen, K., Moller, J., Rasmussen, K., Remacha, A., Garcia-Die, F., Cadafalch, J., Barceló, H. J., Parellada, H., Regland, B., Gottfries, C. -G., Andersson, M., Bagby, J., Dyrehag, L. -E., Abrahamsson, L., Ronge, E., Kjellman, B., Frosst, P., Christensen, B., Goyette, P., Rosenblatt, D. S., Genest, J., Rozen, R., Riedel, B., Ueland, P. M., Svardal, A. M., Silberberg, J., Crooks, R., Fryer, J., Ray, C., Guo, X. W., Xie, L., Dudman, N., Silberberg, J., Crooks, R., Fryer, J., Ray, C., Guo, X. W., Xie, L., Dudman, N., Silberberg, J., Crooks, R., Fryer, J., Ray, C., Guo, X., Xie, L., Dudman, N., Smith, B., Kohlman-Trigoboff, D., Simsir, S., Stabler, S. P., Allen, R. H., Strydom, A. J. C., Schlüssel, E., Preibisch, G., Elstner, E. F. E., Pütter, S., Spuijbroek, M. D. E. H., Goddijn-Wessel, T. A. W., Wouters, M. G. A. J., Molen, E. F. v. d., Blom, H. J., Boers, G. H. J., Steegers-Theunissen, R. P. M., Trijbels, J. M. F., Thomas, C. M. G., Eskes, T. K. A. B., Tsai, M. Y., Hanson, N., Key, N., Schwichtenberg, K., Garg, U., Todesco, L., Fowler, B., Pollaert, N., Haefeli, W. E., Thorand, B., Hages, M., Pietrzik, K., Bung, P., Holzgreve, W., Vila, N., Chamorro, A., Deulofeu, R., Aibar, C., Giralt, M., Ballesta, A. M., van der Mooren, M. J., Wouters, M. G. A. J., Schellekens, L. A., Eskes, T. K. A. B., Rolland, R., Blom, H. J., Put, N. v. d., Trijbels, F., Heuvel, L. v. d., Blom, H., Eskes, T., Steegers-Theunissen, R., Mariman, E., Heyer, M. d., Rozen, R., Daher, R., Van Lente, F., Vilkovsky, A. B., Maev, I. V., Richter, E. L., Kirnus, M. D., Varela-Moreiras, G., Alonso-Aperte, E., Rubio, M., Gassó, M., Deulofeu, R., Alvarez, L., Caballeria, J., Rodés, J., Mato, J. M., van Aerts, L. A. G. J. M., Peereboom-Stegeman, J. H. J. Copius, Noordhoek, J., Eskes, T. K. A. B., Molen, E. F. v. d., Spuijbroek, M. D. E. H., Eskes, T. K. A. B., Heuvel, L. P. v. d., Monnens, L. A. H., Blom, H. J., van Guidener, C., Janssen, M. J. F. M., Surachno, J., Stehouwer, C. D. A., van den Berg, M., Bierdrager, E., Rauwerda, J. A., Wilcken, B., Hammond, J., Wouters, M. G. A. J., Hamilton, C. J. C. M., Blom, H. J., Boers, G. H. J., Thomas, C. M. G., Borm, G. F., Eskes, T. K. A. B., Wang, H., Tsai, J. -C., Perrella, M. A., Yoshizumi, M., Sibinga, N. E. S., Haber, E., Chang, T. H. -T., Schlegel, R., Lee, M. -E., Woodside, J., McMaster, D., Yarnell, J., Young, I., Mercer, C., Byrne, K., Evans, A., Gey, F., Gao, X. M., Dougan, G., Wordsworth, P., McMichael, A., Young, P. B., Kennedy, D. G., Molloy, A. M., Scott, J. M., Ward, P., Naughten, E., Cahalane, S., Murphy, D., Mayne, P., Chauveau, P., Chadefaux-Vekemans, B., Coudé, M., Aupetit, J., Kamoun, P., Jungers, P., van Asselt, D. Z. B., Blom, H. J., de Wild, G. M., van Staveren, W. A., Hoefnagels, W. H. L., Naruszewicz, M., Staniewicz, A., Dziewanowski, K., Evrovski, J., Cole, D. E. C., Callaghan, Michael, Lindgren, A., Brattström, L., Hultberg, B., Verhoef, P., Hennekens, C. H., Allen, R. H., Stabler, S. P., Willett, W. C., Stampfer, M. J., Frantzen, F., Sundrehagen, E., Verhoef, P., Kok, F. J., Stampfer, M. J., Willett, W. C., Gaziano, J. M., Hennekens, C. H., Allen, R. H., Stabler, S. P., Reynolds, R. D., Hsu, R. -J., Shane, B., Robinson, K., Kottke-Marchant, K., Green, R., Gupta, A., Jacobsen, D., Robinson, K., Mayer, E., Gupta, A., Miller, D., Marchant, K., Green, R., Jacobsen, D., Greene, R., Chong, Y. -Y., Jacobsen, D., Robinson, K., Gupta, M., Sheppard, C. A., Matthews, R. G., Goyette, P., Frosst, P., Rozen, R., Verhoef, P., Kok, F. J., Kruyssen, H. A. C. M., Witteman, J. C. M., Ueland, P. M., Boushey, C., Beresford, S., Omenn, G., Motulsky, A. G., Nygard, O., Vollset, S. E., Kvale, G., Stensvold, I., Ueland, P. M., Refsum, H., Fiskerstrand, T., Ueland, P. M., Refsum, H., Bugge, K. H., Oshaug, A., Bjønnes, C. H., Refsum, H., Wu, J. T., Wu, L. L., and Wilson, L. W.

Published
1995
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41. Associations between modeled residential outdoor and measured personal exposure to ultrafine particles in four European study areas

Author

van Nunen, E., Vermeulen, R., Tsai, M.-Y., Probst-Hensch, N., Ineichen, A., Imboden, M., Naccarati, A., Tarallo, S., Raffaele, D., Ranzi, A., Nieuwenhuijsen, M., Jarvis, D., Amaral, A.F., Vlaanderen, J., Meliefste, K., Brunekreef, B., Vineis, P., Gulliver, J., Hoek, G., LS IRAS EEPI GRA (Gezh.risico-analyse), IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, dIRAS RA-2, dIRAS RA-I&I RA, LS IRAS EEPI GRA (Gezh.risico-analyse), IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, dIRAS RA-2, dIRAS RA-I&I RA, and Commission of the European Communities

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0104 Statistics, Regression analysis, 010501 environmental sciences, Explained variation, Land use regression, Land use regression model, 01 natural sciences, Personal exposure, 0907 Environmental Engineering, Ultrafine particles, Environmental health, Ultrafine particle, Linear regression, Exposure assessment, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental science, 0401 Atmospheric Sciences, Exposure measurement, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract

Land use regression (LUR) models for Ultrafine Particles (UFP) have been developed to assess health effects of long-term average UFP exposure in epidemiological studies. Associations between LUR modeled residential outdoor and measured long-term personal exposure to UFP have never been evaluated, adding uncertainty in interpretation of epidemiological studies of UFP. Our aim was to assess how predictions of recently developed LUR models for UFP compared to measured average personal UFP exposure in four European areas. Personal UFP exposure was measured in 154 adults from Basel (Switzerland), Amsterdam and Utrecht (the Netherlands), Norwich (United Kingdom), and Turin (Italy). Subjects performed three 24-h exposure measurements by carrying a real-time monitor measuring particles between 10 and 300 nm (MiniDisc). Subjects reported whereabouts and indoor sources of UFP in questionnaires. In Basel and the Netherlands contemporaneously residential outdoor UFP concentrations were monitored. Area-specific LUR models were applied to model residential outdoor UFP concentrations. Associations between modeled and measured UFP concentrations were assessed with linear regression. LUR model predictions were significantly associated with median but not mean personal UFP exposures, likely because of the high impact of indoor peaks on mean personal exposures. Regression slopes (±se) combined for the four areas were 0.12 ± 0.04 for median and −0.06 ± 0.17 for mean personal exposure. The LUR model explained variance of the median personal exposure less than variance of residential outdoor measurements. Associations did not change when personal exposure was calculated for the time spent at home or when presence of indoor sources was incorporated in the regression models. Regression slopes for measured residential outdoor versus personal exposure were smaller for UFP (0.16 ± 0.04) than for simultaneously measured PM2.5 and soot (0.32 ± 0.10 and 0.43 ± 0.06). Our findings provide some support for the use of LUR models to estimate long-term exposure to ambient generated UFP in epidemiological studies.

Published
2020

43. Land Use Regression Modelling of Outdoor NO₂ and PM2.5 Concentrations in Three Low Income Areas in the Western Cape Province, South Africa

Author

Saucy, A, Röösli, M, Künzli, N, Tsai, M-Y, Sieber, C, Olaniyan, T, Baatjies, R, Jeebhay, M, Davey, M, Flückiger, B, Naidoo, RN, Dalvie, MA, Badpa, M, and De Hoogh, K

Subjects
modelling, particulate matter, South Africa, exposure assessment, nitrogen dioxide, air pollution, MD Multidisciplinary, environmental exposure, Western Cape, land use regression, Toxicology, informal settlements
Abstract

Air pollution can cause many adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular and respiratory disorders. Land use regression (LUR) models are frequently used to describe small-scale spatial variation in air pollution levels based on measurements and geographical predictors. They are particularly suitable in resource limited settings and can help to inform communities, industries, and policy makers. Weekly measurements of NO₂ and PM2.5 were performed in three informal areas of the Western Cape in the warm and cold seasons 2015⁻2016. Seasonal means were calculated using routinely monitored pollution data. Six LUR models were developed (four seasonal and two annual) using a supervised stepwise land-use-regression method. The models were validated using leave-one-out-cross-validation and tested for spatial autocorrelation. Annual measured mean NO₂ and PM2.5 were 22.1 μg/m³ and 10.2 μg/m³, respectively. The NO₂ models for the warm season, cold season, and overall year explained 62%, 77%, and 76% of the variance (R²). The PM2.5 annual models had lower explanatory power (R² = 0.36, 0.29, and 0.29). The best predictors for NO₂ were traffic related variables (major roads, bus routes). Local sources such as grills and waste burning sites appeared to be good predictors for PM2.5, together with population density. This study demonstrates that land-use-regression modelling for NO₂ can be successfully applied to informal peri-urban settlements in South Africa using similar predictor variables to those performed in Europe and North America. Explanatory power for PM2.5 models is lower due to lower spatial variability and the possible impact of local transient sources. The study was able to provide NO₂ and PM2.5 seasonal exposure estimates and maps for further health studies.

Published
2018

45. Release of kinesin from vesicles by hsc70 and regulation of fast axonal transport

Author

Tsai, M. Y, Morfini, G, Szebenyi, G, and Brady, S. T

Subjects
Life Sciences (General)
Abstract

The nature of kinesin interactions with membrane-bound organelles and mechanisms for regulation of kinesin-based motility have both been surprisingly difficult to define. Most kinesin is recovered in supernatants with standard protocols for purification of motor proteins, but kinesin recovered on membrane-bound organelles is tightly bound. Partitioning of kinesin between vesicle and cytosolic fractions is highly sensitive to buffer composition. Addition of either N-ethylmaleimide or EDTA to homogenization buffers significantly increased the fraction of kinesin bound to organelles. Given that an antibody against kinesin light chain tandem repeats also releases kinesin from vesicles, these observations indicated that specific cytoplasmic factors may regulate kinesin release from membranes. Kinesin light tandem repeats contain DnaJ-like motifs, so the effects of hsp70 chaperones were evaluated. Hsc70 released kinesin from vesicles in an MgATP-dependent and N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive manner. Recombinant kinesin light chains inhibited kinesin release by hsc70 and stimulated the hsc70 ATPase. Hsc70 actions may provide a mechanism to regulate kinesin function by releasing kinesin from cargo in specific subcellular domains, thereby effecting delivery of axonally transported materials.

Published
2000

48. Numerical analysis of the Iosipescu specimen for composite materials

Author

Ho, H, Tsai, M. Y, Morton, J, and Farley, G. L

Subjects
Structural Mechanics
Abstract

A finite element analysis of the Iosipescu shear tests for unidirectional and cross-ply composites is presented. It is shown that an iterative analysis procedure must be used to model the fixture-specimen kinematics. The correction factors which are needed to compensate for the nonuniformity of stress distribution in calculating shear modulus are shown to be dependent on the material orthotropic ratio and the finite element loading models. Test section strain distributions representative of typical graphite-epoxy specimens are also presented.

Published
1993
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49. A comparison of three popular test methods for determining the shear modulus of composite materials

Author

Ho, H, Tsai, M. Y, Morton, J, and Farley, G. L

Subjects
Composite Materials
Abstract

Three popular shear tests - the 10 deg off-axis, the +/- 45 deg tensile and the Iosipescu specimen tested in the modified Wyoming fixture - for shear modulus measurement are evaluated for a graphite-epoxy composite material system. A comparison of the shear stress-strain response for each test method is made using conventional strain gage instrumentation and moire interferometry. The uniformity and purity of the strain fields in the test sections of the specimens are discussed, and the shear responses obtained from each test technique are presented and compared. For accurate measurement of the shear modulus, the 90 deg Iosipescu specimen is recommended.

Published
1993

50. Simulation of Population-Based Commuter Exposure to NO2 Using Different Air Pollution Models

Author

Ragettli, MS, Tsai, M-Y, Braun-Fahrlaender, C, De Nazelle, A, Schindler, C, Ineichen, A, Ducret-Stich, RE, Perez, L, Probst-Hensch, N, Kuenzli, N, and Phuleria, HC

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, IMPACT, Nitrogen Dioxide, air pollution, lcsh:Medicine, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Transportation, Toxicology, CARBON, Young Adult, AREAS, Humans, POLLUTANTS, Computer Simulation, travel mode, NITROGEN-DIOXIDE, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, traffic, ULTRAFINE PARTICLES, ENVIRONMENT, Air Pollutants, Science & Technology, VEHICLE, PERSONAL EXPOSURE, lcsh:R, travel pattern, Environmental Exposure, Middle Aged, Models, Theoretical, BICYCLE, model comparison, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Environmental Sciences, Switzerland, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

We simulated commuter routes and long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution during commute in a representative population sample in Basel (Switzerland), and evaluated three air pollution models with different spatial resolution for estimating commute exposures to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) as a marker of long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution. Our approach includes spatially and temporally resolved data on actual commuter routes, travel modes and three air pollution models. Annual mean NO2 commuter exposures were similar between models. However, we found more within-city and within-subject variability in annual mean (±SD) NO2 commuter exposure with a high resolution dispersion model (40 ± 7 µg m−3, range: 21–61) than with a dispersion model with a lower resolution (39 ± 5 µg m−3, range: 24–51), and a land use regression model (41 ± 5 µg m−3, range: 24–54). Highest median cumulative exposures were calculated along motorized transport and bicycle routes, and the lowest for walking. For estimating commuter exposure within a city and being interested also in small-scale variability between roads, a model with a high resolution is recommended. For larger scale epidemiological health assessment studies, models with a coarser spatial resolution are likely sufficient, especially when study areas include suburban and rural areas.

Published
2014

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