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Additional file 2. The results of univariate analyses of included studies.

Additional file 6. Comparison of HADS, STAI, APAIS, and BAI.

Additional file 4. Sensitivity analysis of studies using dichotomous HADS-A for preoperative anxiety.

Additional file 5. Sensitivity analysis of studies using continuous predictors.

Additional file 3. The results of multivariable logistic regression of included studies.

Additional file 1. Search strategies for each database.

Cross-sectional and experimental research indicates that athlete leaders in sport teams are key drivers of effective team functioning and their teammates well-being. Therefore, in the recent years, researchers have developed and tested several athlete leadership interventions. However, a comprehensive review of these interventions has not yet been conducted and is therefore, the primary goal of the current systematic scoping review.

Autism is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder. It belongs to a group of pervasive developmental disorders with a prevalence of 0,7%. Autism spectrum disorders are diagnosed purely on clinical grounds by impairment in social interactions and communication and repetitive, stereotyped patterns of behaviour and interests. Twin and family studies indicate a strong genetic contribution to the aetiology of autism, although environmental causes are not excluded. Recently we have identified a novel candidate genes for autism by positional cloning, starting from an autistic patient with a de novo balanced translocation. Neurobeachin (NBEA) is predicted to be involved in neuronal vesicle trafficking. Our functional studies show that this proteins is a negative regulator of secretion of large dense-core vesicles (LDCVs) in neuro-endocrine cell lines. LDCVs contain neuropeptides, monoamines and neurotrophins, which are implicated in important processes like synaptic plasticity and neural differentiation. On the basis of conserved structural motifs Neurobeachin is a member of the BEACH (beige and chediak-higashi) family, which seems to be implicated in vesicle biogenesis and trafficking. It is suggested that the BEACH-domain has a scaffolding function together with the pleckstrin homology domain and the WD40 repeats. Defining interaction partners could give us more insights into the functional role of Nbea in regulated vesicle secretion. Nbea-null mice have been generated by random transgene-mediated gene disruption. This disruption resulted in lethal paralysis in homozygous newborns because of a complete block of evoked synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junctions. We are observing the viable heterozygous mice, which relate better to the haploinsufficient autistic patients. Behavioural studies showed comparable autistic traits (unpublished results). This infers that Nbea+/- mice are a good model to study the human disease. Hypothesis: Since Neurobeachin, a candidate gene for autism, is involved in the regulated secretory pathway of large dense-core vesicles (LDCVs), the hypothesis is that impaired LDCV secretion in neurons contributes to the pathogenesis of autism in a subgroup of patients. To clarify the role of NBEA and the involved molecular mechanisms in the regulated secretory pathway, the aims are to: 1. Perform ultrastructural studies of LDCVs (electron microscopy) 2. Study the effect of NBEA haploinsufficiency on biogenesis and secretion of LDCVs in neurons of the Nbea+/- mouse model 3. Clarify the molecular network of NBEA and its function by identifying interaction partners (Y2H) nrpages: 218 status: published

ispartof: https://www.conftool.pro/fepsac2022/sessions.php ispartof: 16th European Congress of Sport & Exercise Psychology - FEPSAC 2022 location:Padova date:11 Jul - 16 Jul 2022 status: Published online

Objective To determine the rate and appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing for acutely ill children in ambulatory care in high-income countries. Design On 10 February 2021, we systematically searched articles published since 2000 in MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Web Of Science and grey literature databases. We included cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, time-series analyses, randomised controlled trials and non-randomised studies of interventions with acutely ill children up to and including 12 years of age in ambulatory care settings in high-income countries. Pooled antibiotic prescribing and appropriateness rates were calculated using random-effects models. Meta-regression was performed to describe the relationship between the antibiotic prescribing rate and study-level covariates. Results We included 86 studies comprising 11 114 863 children. We found a pooled antibiotic prescribing rate of 45.4% (95% CI 38.2% to 52.8%) for all acutely ill children, and 85.6% (95% CI 73.3% to 92.9%) for acute otitis media, 37.4% (95% CI 30.9% to 44.3%) for respiratory tract infections, and 40.4% (95% CI 29.9% to 51.9%) for other diagnoses. Considerable heterogeneity can only partly be explained by differences in diagnoses. The overall pooled appropriateness rate is 68.5% (95% CI 55.8% to 78.9%, I-2=99.8%; 19 studies, 119 995 participants). 38.3% of all prescribed antibiotics were aminopenicillins. Conclusions Antibiotic prescribing rates for acutely ill children in ambulatory care in high-income countries remain high. Large differences in prescription rates between studies can only partly be explained by differences in diagnoses. Better registration and further research are needed to investigate patient-level data on diagnosis and appropriateness. This systematic review analyzed studies including over 11 million children to determine the rate and appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing for acutely ill children in outpatient settings. They found high prescribing rates, and differences only partially explained by diagnosis.