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29 results on '"Tunstall, Thomas"'

1. How Social Network Structure Impacts the Ability of Zealots to Promote Weak Opinions

Author

Tunstall, Thomas

Subjects
Physics - Physics and Society, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems
Abstract

Social networks are often permeated by agents who promote their opinions without allowing for their own mind to be changed: Understanding how these so-called `zealots' act to increase the prevalence of their promoted opinion over the network is important for understanding opinion dynamics. In this work, we consider these promoted opinions to be `weak' and therefore less likely to be accepted relative to the default opinion in the network. We show how the proportion of zealots in the network, the relative strength of the weak opinion, and the structure of the network impact the long-term proportion of the those in the network who subscribe to the weak opinion., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, code for figure reproduction found at https://github.com/tt386/VoterModelWeakZealots

Published
2024

2. Assisted percolation of slow-spreading mutants in heterogeneous environments

Author

Tunstall, Thomas, Rogers, Tim, and Möbius, Wolfram

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

Environmental heterogeneity can drive genetic heterogeneity in expanding populations; mutant strains may emerge that trade overall growth rate for an improved ability to survive in patches that are hostile to the wild type. This evolutionary dynamic is of practical importance when seeking to prevent the emergence of damaging traits. We show that a sub-critical slow-spreading mutant can attain dominance even when the density of patches is below their percolation threshold and predict this transition using geometrical arguments. This work demonstrates a phenomenon of ''assisted percolation'', where one sub-critical process assists another to achieve super-criticality.

Published
2023

4. Evolutionary rescue in resistance to pesticides.

Author

Madgwick, Philip G., Tunstall, Thomas, and Kanitz, Ricardo

Subjects
*PESTICIDE resistance, *BIOLOGICAL extinction, *POPULATION ecology, *PROBABILITY density function, *GENETIC models, *ANIMAL rescue
Abstract

Evolutionary rescue occurs when the genetic evolution of adaptation saves a population from decline or extinction after environmental change. The evolution of resistance to pesticides is a special scenario of abrupt environmental change, where rescue occurs under (very) strong selection for one or a few de novo resistance mutations of large effect. Here, a population genetic model of evolutionary rescue with density-dependent population change is developed, with a focus on deriving results that are important to resistance management. Massive stochastic simulations are used to generate observations, which are accurately predicted using analytical approximations. Key results include the probability density function for the time to resistance and the probability of population extinction. The distribution of resistance times shows a lag period, a narrow peak and a long tail. Surprisingly, the mean time to resistance can increase with the strength of selection because, if a mutation does not occur early on, then its emergence is delayed by the pesticide reducing the population size. The probability of population extinction shows a sharp transition, in that when extinction is possible, it is also highly likely. Consequently, population suppression and (local) eradication can be theoretically achievable goals, as novel strategies to delay resistance evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Shale Development and Mexico

Author

Tunstall, Thomas, Zilberman, David, Series editor, Goetz, Renan, Series editor, Garrido, Alberto, Series editor, Wang, Yongsheng, editor, and Hefley, William E., editor

Published
2016
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6. Eagle Ford and the State of Texas

Author

Tunstall, Thomas, Zilberman, David, Series editor, Goetz, Renan, Series editor, Garrido, Alberto, Series editor, Hefley, William E., editor, and Wang, Yongsheng, editor

Published
2015
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18. Recent Economic and Community Impact of Unconventional Oil and Gas Exploration and Production on South Texas Counties in the Eagle Ford Shale Area

Author

Tunstall, Thomas

Subjects
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development
Abstract

Unconventional oil and gas extraction efforts have raised the specter of the resource curse in affected communities, as has been demonstrated in other industries or geographies. Yet because these developments in unconventional extraction industries are so new, data for analysis is limited. This study examines recent activity in the Eagle Ford Shale area of South Texas with a time-series cross-sectional (TSCS) approach using data collected from 14 actively producing counties over a four year period from 2008-2011. Results indicate that the number of completed oil and gas wells has had a positive impact on per-capita income to-date. Previ-ous research suggests that communities in South Texas have the opportunity to overcome the resource curse, but that it will require good local governance and thoughtful long-term plan-ning.

Published
2015
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23. Stabilization and Reconstruction Staffing: Developing U.S. Civilian Personnel

Author

Terrence K. Kelly, Ellen E. Tunstall, Thomas S. Szayna, Deanna Weber Prine and Terrence K. Kelly, Ellen E. Tunstall, Thomas S. Szayna, Deanna Weber Prine

Subjects
Human capital--United States--Management, Personnel management--United States, Postwar reconstruction
Abstract

'MG-580-RC'--P. [4] of cover.

Published
2008

26. Reconciling Ecosystem Services with Economic Theory and Policy.

Author

Tunstall, Thomas

Subjects
ECONOMICS, ECONOMIC policy, ECOSYSTEM services, UNITED States economy, NEOCLASSICAL school of economics, ECOLOGICAL economics
Abstract

For simplicity and due to the assumption of substitutability of natural capital with built capital, after about 1880, Anglo-American economists took nature out of economics altogether SP 17 sp , as explicitly postulated by Robert Solow SP 18 sp . Another issue that classical political economy or a more ecologically-oriented view of economics will be better able to address has to do with the tendency of industrial economies tend to overproduce - whether capitalist, communist, socialist, social democratic, or capitalist communist. "The Economics of Resources and the Resources of Economics", American Economic Review 64(2): 1-14. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2019

28. America’s Oil Export Policy Is Stuck in the ’70s.

Author

Tunstall, Thomas

Subjects
*PETROLEUM export & import trade, *PETROLEUM
Abstract

The author argues that the U.S. ban on the export of crude oil is outdated and economically damaging, suggesting that natural gas, crude oil and oil condensate from shale should be exported to foreign refineries.

Published
2014

29. Exporting Natural Gas Will Stabilize U.S. Prices.

Author

Tunstall, Thomas

Subjects
*NATURAL gas, *GAS industry, *HYDRAULIC fracturing, *INTERNATIONAL trade
Abstract

The author discusses the increase in natural gas production in the U.S. as of May 2013 due to technologies such as hydraulic fracturing (fracking) and horizontal drilling, and argues that exporting natural gas will stabilize energy prices for U.S. consumers.

Published
2013

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