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Background: Adequate nutrition is a public health priority, particularly in low-income rural areas where there is a high prevalence of malnutrition and stunting. Baluchistan is an arid desert and mountainous province with the worst health indicators in Pakistan. The objective of this research study was to identify current knowledge, attitudes and practices of vulnerable women with young children residing in remote areas of Baluchistan and assess their information needs to guide the development of a BCC nutrition strategy materials and activities. Methods: This study design incorporated formative research via eight focus group discussions with demand and supply-side program beneficiaries (n=124) to assess current nutrition knowledge, attitudes and beliefs toward kitchen gardens and proposed nutrition resources. Semi-structured interviews (n=16) were also conducted to provide program intelligence from key informants. A literature review supported the development of discussion agenda based on predominant behavioral theories. Data analysis was conducted with in vivo qualitative software coupled with grounded theory with qualitative findings triangulated. Results: The study identified important factors for the development of BCC resources and activities. Opportunities included effective nutrition education, improved income and livelihoods from kitchen gardens, women’s empowerment and gender equality. Challenges included traditional cultural practices, entrenched food preparation behaviour, environmental and infrastructural constraints. Conclusions: Lessons learned highlight the benefits of integrating formative research methods with a comprehensive literature review and behavioural theories for the development of BCC resources for nutrition programs in insecure and resource-constrained settings.

50th European-Society-of-Human-Genetics (ESHG) Conference -- MAY 27-30, 2017 -- Copenhagen, DENMARK, WOS:000489312601172, [No Abstract Available], European Soc Human Genet

We compared the number of incisions, surgical procedures, hospital duration, and complications in hydatid cyst patients with unilateral or bilateral thoracic involvement and concomitant involvement of the extrathoracic organs. A total of 76 hydatid cyst cases surgically treated between the years 2007 and 2012 were divided into three groups according to radiological evidence of other organ involvement and surgical procedures: group 1 had only unilateral thoracic involvement and a single incision; group 2 had additional involvement of the contralateral thoracic side or extrathoracic organs and at most two incisions were performed at the same session; and group 3 had two or more incisions performed at separate sessions in addition to the involvement features of group 2. We had 46 (60.5 %) cases with only thoracic involvement and 30 others (39.5 %) with extrathoracic organ involvement. Complications were seen in only one patient each in the first and second groups, and in 6 patients in the third group. Duration of hospital stay was 7.04 +/- A 0.86 (5-9) days in group 1.8.33 +/- A 1.87 (7-13) days in group 2, and 13.95 +/- A 2.03 (9-18) days in group 3. Although multiple session surgery is used to decrease the risk of complications, contamination, and infection in multiple or bilateral pulmonary hydatid cyst cases, or in patients with other organ involvement, single-session surgery can be used in selected cases taking into account the operative trauma, financial consequences, and psychological profile.

Purpose: To determine the effects of thermocycling on shear bond strengths (SBSs) of a self-etching primer (SEP) after 10,000 and 20,000 thermal cycles. The tested hypothesis was that 10,000 and 20,000 thermal cycles would affect the bond strength of metal brackets bonded to enamel with the self-etching primer. Materials and Methods: Brackets were bonded to bovine incisors with two etching protocols. In group CM (conventional method), teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 30 s. In group SEP, a self-etching primer (Transbond Plus, 3M Unitek) was applied. Brackets were bonded with light-curing adhesive (Transbond XT, 3M Unitek). The SBSs were determined after water storage at 37°C for 24 h, after 10,000 and 20,000 cycles of thermocycling. Results: For both groups (CM and SEP), SBSs decreased with 10,000 and 20,000 thermal cycles. These decreased SBSs were significantly different from the values obtained with no thermocycling. Highest SBSs were observed with no thermocycling for groups CM and SEP (18.6 and 18.0 MPa, respectively). These values were not statistically different from each other. Lowest SBSs were obtained with 10,000 and 20,000 thermal cycles for group SEP (14.2 and 14.7 MPa, respectively). These values were significantly different from all other SBSs. Conclusion: This study indicates that the SEP (Transbond Plus) provides clinically acceptable bond strength values compared with the conventional method after 10,000 and 20,000 thermal cycles. © 2010 by Quintessence Publishing Co Inc.

Do elderly people really navigate websites in a different way than younger people do? Or are the differences within this group (such as those due to gender, education, computer experience and cultural background) bigger then differences between younger and older people? This paper first discusses usability studies (mainly, in this case, eye-tracking studies) on the user-friendliness of websites, focusing on older people. A social semiotic framework is then presented for future empirical research into specific enablers and constraints related to the user-friendliness of websites as an information source for the very diverse group that constitutes the elderly population.

PubMed: 18997923 Aim: The purpose of this case report is to present the management of an impacted maxillary canine adjacent to a deviated palatal first premolar root. Background: Maxillary canine impactions are of multifactorial etiology. The incidence of maxillary canine impaction ranges from 1% to 3%. One of the reasons for canine impaction might be a deviated palatal premolar root. To date, a total of six cases have been described where impacted maxillary canines were found in close proximity to a deviated palatal first premolar root. Report: A male patient, aged 17 years 3 months, with a Class I molar relationship was referred for the continuation of orthodontic therapy. Leveling was completed in the lower and upper arches. Although sufficient space was available in the upper arch the left canine had not erupted. Radiographic examination disclosed a deviated palatal root of the first premolar in the canine eruption path. Summary: A multidisciplinary treatment approach for the maxillary impacted canine adjacent to a deviated palatal premolar root is described. The premolar was endodontically treated and the deviated root surgically resected. The impacted canine was then orthodontically erupted into position. Clinical Significance: A deviated maxillary premolar root may cause canine impaction. A multidisciplinary approach facilitates successful treatment results in such cases.

Traumatic aortic valve regurgitation is a rare complication of non penetrating blunt chest trauma which usually requires surgical management. We describe a case of a 21 year old man with blunt chest trauma who was diagnosed with aortic valve regurgitation due to rupture of the right coronary cusp one month after falling from a high place. Rupture of aortic valve cusp was treated successfully with aortic valve replacement.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare plasma Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and P-selectin (CD62P) activities in Behcet's disease patients with and without thrombosis. Methods: In this cross-sectional and descriptive study, 30 consecutive Behcet's patients were included, 15 of them with venous thrombosis. All patients were also divided into two subgroups according to the presence or absence of clinical activity. Plasma PAF levels, basal and Ca++ ionophore (A23187)-induced leukocyte (cellular) PAF activities, and platelet-rich plasma Delta CD62P activity (the mean fluorescent density difference between CD62P phycoerythrin-positive and -negative stains) were evaluated. Results: In the thrombotic group, plasma PAF (P=0.001), basal leukocyte PAF (P=0.017), induced leukocyte PAF (P=0.024), and Delta CD62P (P=0.023) levels were significantly higher than in the nonthrombotic group. In the whole group of Behcet's patients, there was a positive correlation between plasma PAF and Delta CD62P levels (r=0.533, P=0.002). When we compared clinically active and inactive patients with respect to the above parameters, there was no significant difference, irrespective of thrombosis. Plasma PAF (P=0.001), basal leukocyte PAF (P=0.004), and Delta CD62P (P=0.038) levels were significantly higher in the presence of both clinical activity and thrombosis than of clinical activity alone. Conclusion: Platelet-activating factor and CD62P may contribute to endothelial injury and thrombosis development in Behcet's disease. These two parameters seem related to the presence of thrombosis rather than clinical activity. C1 Suleyman Demirel Univ, Dept Rheumatol, Sch Med, Isparta, Turkey. Ege Univ, Sch Med, Dept Rheumatol, Izmir, Turkey. Celal Bayar Univ, Sch Med, Dept Rheumatol, Manisa, Turkey. Pamukkale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Rheumatol, Denizli, Turkey. Akdeniz Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunorehumatol, Antalya, Turkey. Ege Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat & Membranol, Izmir, Turkey.

Objective. This study had two aims: (1) to investigate the prevalence familial Mediterranean fever (IMF) and Behcet's disease (BD) in school students in Denizli, a province in western Turkey; and (2) to determine whether the previously suggested "zero patient design" was reliable for use in a prevalence surveys. Methods. The field survey was performed in two stages. In the first stage 7,389 students (3,847 females and 3,542 males) were asked to fill out a questionnaire in the classroom. In the questionnaire, filtering questions for IMF (the presence of recurrent attacks of fever accompanying abdominal pain, joint pain/swelling, and/or chest pain) and BD (Presence of aphthous stomatatis) were asked. The second stage consisted of two parts. In the first, 3225 questionnaires were completed by 1778 female and 1447 male students calculated according to the zero patient design, who were selected randomly from among 7389 students for evaluation. Students with any suspicion of FMF and Behcet's disease were called to the hospital for detailed investigation. In the second step the remaining students were evaluated. Results. Out of 3225 children questioned in the first step, 156 claimed recurrent abdominal pain and/or chest pain, and/or joint pain/swelling with accompanying fever, which might suggest the presence of FMF However; this diagnosis was excluded after further clinical evaluation. In the second step 152 students were called for detailed investigation: 2 patients, one 10 years and the other 12 years old, were diagnosed as having FMF. None were diagnosed to have Behcet's disease. Conclusion. The prevalence of IMF in Turkey in general is about 0.093%. The prevalence rate found in this survey was lower (0.027%) which may be due to the historic background of the region. This is the first study that has shown that the "zero patient design" can be used in an epidemiological survey. C1 Pamukkale Univ, Fac Med, Dept Rheumatol, Denizli, Turkey. Pamukkale Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Denizli, Turkey. Pamukkale Univ, Fac Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Denizli, Turkey. Pamukkale Univ, Fac Med, Dept Pediat Rheumatol, Denizli, Turkey. Univ Hacettepe, Dept Pediat, Fac Med, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey.

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in serum levels of endothelial cell injury markers, soluble (s) E-selectin and thrombomodulin (TM), in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) before and after antirheumatic drug treatment and to assess the relationship between these changes and clinical responses to the drug treatment. Eleven patients with RA having active arthritis and 12 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. They were monitored by clinical and laboratory parameters while receiving a combination of methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine and sulphasalazine. Pre- and post-treatment clinical and laboratory parameters, including sE-selectin and sTM levels, were measured. The ages of the patients were comparable with those of the control groups. Significant improvements were detected in erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, morning stiffness, patients' global assessment, physicians' global assessment, number of tender joints and number of swollen joints improved at the end of the therapy (for each parameter p0.05). The sE-selectin and sTM levels significantly correlated with each other, and also with clinical and laboratory findings. Combination treatment successfully treated RA patients. sE-selectin and sTM levels probably reflect disease activity and can be helpful in monitoring disease status and response to therapy. C1 Pamukkale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Rheumatol, Denizli, Turkey.