165 results on '"Tvarumas"'
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2. DIGITALISED AND SUSTAINABLE? HIGH IMPACT GENERATION PATHWAYS AND MOSTLY ADOPTED PRACTICES AND POLICIES OF SMALL-SIZE CERTIFIED BENEFIT CORPORATIONS OF THE IT SECTOR.
- Author
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Ruozzi Lopez, Alberto, Paradinas-Marquez, Carmen, and Antonio Vicente-Pascual, Jose
- Subjects
INFORMATION technology ,INFORMATION technology industry ,DIGITAL technology ,DATABASES ,CONSUMERS ,STAKEHOLDER theory - Abstract
Copyright of Transformations in Business & Economics is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
3. WHAT IS THE BIGGEST FEAR OF ENTERPRISES? BANK CREDIT ACCESS: A CROSS-CULTURAL EXPLORATION BASED ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF SUSTAINABILITY AND INNOVATION PERFORMANCE.
- Author
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Civelek, Mehmet, Durda, Lukas, Kljucnikova, Jana, and Cervinka, Michal
- Subjects
BANK loans ,COUNTRY of origin (Immigrants) ,FINANCIAL management ,ECONOMIC systems ,MARKETING - Abstract
Copyright of Transformations in Business & Economics is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
4. Santykis su atliekomis žiedinėje ekonomikoje: rūpesčio etikos perspektyva.
- Author
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Bartkienė, Aistė, Bikauskaitė, Renata, and Mincytė, Diana
- Subjects
CIRCULAR economy ,WASTE management ,COLLECTIVE action ,ETHICS ,RESPONSIBILITY ,CARE ethics (Philosophy) - Abstract
Copyright of Problems / Problemos is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. KLAIPĖDOS UOSTO PERĖJIMO PRIE ŽALIOJO UOSTO GALIMYBĖS IR IŠŠŪKIAI.
- Author
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ŠATEIKIENĖ, DIANA and MICEVIČIŪTĖ, MEDA
- Subjects
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GREEN infrastructure , *ENVIRONMENTAL protection , *POLLUTION , *WATER pollution , *TRADE routes - Abstract
The port of Klaipėda is an important link in the field of logistics, connecting major trade routes. Increasing environmental pollution, growing amount of GHG emissions and disappearing vegetation encourage port companies to take immediate actions to improve environmental protection and other areas of the port. In order to become a green port, the port of Klaipėda reduces pollution and switches to environmentally friendly technologies. Based on the legal acts of the Republic of Lithuania and other laws, moving to the use of renewable energy, reducing air, water and vegetation pollution, as well as raising the qualifications of employees, providing awareness of the negative impact of the activities carried out in the port on the environment. The aspiration to become a green port and to be a more environmentally neutral object in the field of logistics opens up not only wider opportunities for the implementation of environmental protection goals, but also increases the attractiveness of the port for trade activities and investment development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
6. Santykis su atliekomis žiedinėje ekonomikoje: rūpesčio etikos perspektyva
- Author
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Aistė Bartkienė, Renata Bikauskaitė, and Diana Mincytė
- Subjects
rūpesčio etika ,žiedinė ekonomika ,atliekos ,tvarumas ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Šiame straipsnyje yra nagrinėjami etiniai atliekų tvarkymo aspektai žiedinės ekonomikos kontekste. Straipsnio autorės siekia papildyti technologinį ir ekonominį atliekų tvarkymo diskursą, kuris vyrauja žiedinėje ekonomikoje, ontologine ir etine santykio su atliekomis analize. Pasitelkiant rūpesčio etiką, straipsnyje akcentuojamas reliacinis santykio su atliekomis aspektas, pagal kurį pirmenybė teikiama dėmesingumui, atsakomybei, kompetencijai, atsakui ir dalyvavimui sprendžiant atliekų problemą. Nagrinėjant penkias rūpesčio pakopas, kurias išskyrė Joan Tronto, straipsnyje analizuojama, kaip etiniai sumetimai gali turėti įtakos individualiems ir kolektyviniams veiksmams žiedinės ekonomikos paradigmoje. Straipsnyje į atliekas žvelgiama kaip į neatskiriamą mūsų moralinio ir etinio kraštovaizdžio dalį ir laikomasi nuostatos, kad tvarios atliekų tvarkymo praktikos siejasi su atsakomybe, kurią turėtų prisiimti tiek atskiri žmonės, tiek verslai, tiek politinės institucijos.
- Published
- 2024
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7. Įmonių socialinės atsakomybės atskleidimo vertinimas didžiausiuose Lietuvos bankuose
- Author
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Sabina Račaitė and Diana Bachtijeva
- Subjects
įmonių socialinė atsakomybė ,įmonių socialinės atsakomybės atskleidimas ,įmonių socialinės atsakomybės informacijos kokybė ,tvarumas ,Business ,HF5001-6182 - Abstract
Straipsnyje nagrinėjama įmonių socialinės atsakomybės atskleidimo svarba ir reglamentavimas. Remiantis GRI standartais ir Lietuvos Banko pateiktomis rekomendacijomis, parengta įmonių socialinės atsakomybės indekso skaičiavimo metodika ir kokybės vertinimo modelis. Straipsnyje pristatomi atlikto empirinio tyrimo rezultatai, kurio metu buvo vertinamas įmonių socialinės atsakomybės atskleidimas trijų didžiausių Lietuvos bankų finansinėse ataskaitose 2018–2022 m. laikotarpiu. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad Lietuvos bankai linkę atskleisti daugiau kaip 91 % rekomenduojamos socialiai atsakingos informacijos, o ataskaitų kokybė, pagal pasirinktus kriterijus, siekia 64–82 %. Nepaisant to, pastebėta, kad kai kurie bankai nesudarinėja įmonių socialinės atsakomybės ataskaitų, o skelbia įmonių grupės ataskaitas ne lietuvių kalba. Dalyje ataskaitų stebimi nekokybiškų ataskaitų požymiai: keliami tikslai nėra konkretūs ir išmatuojami, o tekstinė informacija per visą tyrimo laikotarpį kartojasi.
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- 2024
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- View/download PDF
8. „UPS LIETUVA” TVARIOS LOGISTIKOS KONCEPCIJOS TAIKYMO YPATUMAI VARTOTOJŲ POŽIŪRIU.
- Author
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JASULAITIS, VYTAUTAS and MEIŠTĖ, RŪTA
- Abstract
The article analyses the principles of sustainability in the logistics business, emphasizing attracting the attention of consumers for whom environmental pollution reduction is important. The object of research is sustainable logistics. The aim of the research is to investigate the features of UPS Lithuania's application of sustainable logistics and their impact on consumers. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature, synthesis, comparison, generalization methods, questionnaire survey, statistical analysis method, generalization method. This research helped to find out whether sustainability is significant for consumers, whether they consider themselves sustainable consumers and in what ways they do so. After conducting the research and summarizing the results of the respondents, a plan for improving the areas of "UPS Lietuva" was drawn up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
9. ŽIEDINĖS EKONOMIKOS PRINCIPŲ ĮGYVENDINIMAS SKATINANT DAIKTŲ PERDARYMĄ.
- Author
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BERŽINSKIENĖ-JUOZAINIENĖ, DAIVA
- Abstract
The article justifies the need and importance of recycling things in contributing to the implementation of circular economy principles. The analysis of the literature sources showed that the benefits and effects of the circular economy on economic growth are widely analyzed, but in practice there are many problems of the implementation of the circular economy, so it is important to look for common measures and solutions that promote the development of the circular economy. In theory, remanufacturing involves the modification of goods at a business or individual level, with the main advantage of reducing waste, energy used in production and avoiding the production of new goods. The results of the study showed that the public understands the importance of recycling and that this activity has a future. However, currently only individual people are engaged in remaking things. There is still a lack of information, cooperation and sharing platforms between interested groups in the country and in Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
10. EU Sustainability Quest: Possibilities of Consumer Sales.
- Author
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Selvestravičiūtė, Agnė
- Abstract
Copyright of Law / Teise is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Legal Contours of Sustainable Development: Historical Tracker and Arguments Supporting Its Normativity.
- Author
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Korchahin, Dmytro
- Abstract
Copyright of Law / Teise is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. DIGITALISED AND SUSTAINABLE? HIGH IMPACT GENERATION PATHWAYS AND MOSTLY ADOPTED PRACTICES AND POLICIES OF CBCS SMES OF THE IT SECTOR.
- Author
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Ruozzi Lopez, Alberto, Paradinas Marquez, Carmen, and Vicente Pascual, Jose Antonio
- Subjects
INFORMATION technology industry ,SMALL business ,DIGITAL technology ,STAKEHOLDER theory ,DATABASES ,CONSUMERS - Abstract
Copyright of Transformations in Business & Economics is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
13. THE DEVELOPMENT OF A DISASTER RISK REDUCTION POLICY IN AZERBAIJAN.
- Author
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Huseynov, Yusif
- Subjects
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COST of living , *ENVIRONMENTAL disasters , *POSTWAR reconstruction , *ECONOMIC opportunities , *NATURAL disasters , *DISASTERS , *WELL-being , *AGRICULTURE - Abstract
Due to the accelerating likelihood of environmental catastrophes which have negative impacts on levels of investment and economic development, particularly along coastal regions and in agricultural sectors, the cost of living is expected to significantly rise throughout the coming decades. In order to make appropriate decisions and implement sensible policy, it is necessary to evaluate the expenses associated with potential natural disasters. The evaluation process will employ national development programs and models for estimating financial losses associated with disasters that have previously been established within the Sendai Framework 2030. Environmental disasters have disproportionate effects on wellbeing and economic opportunities for the people of Azerbaijan. Therefore, it is necessary to implement preemptive protocols to mitigate the negative effects of future disasters. A multidimensional approach is needed when managing potential consequences, especially during the post-conflict reconstruction and rehabilitation period in the country. Therefore, in this paper, Azerbaijan’s risk profile, procedures for creating a national disaster risk reduction program, and the realization of adaptive actions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. NAUJA ARCHITEKTŪRA SAUGOMOSE TERITORIJOSE.
- Author
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TRAŠKINAITĖ, DALIA
- Subjects
SUSTAINABLE urban development ,PROTECTION of cultural property ,PROTECTED areas ,RELICS - Abstract
Copyright of Logos: A Journal, of Religion, Philosophy Comparative Cultural Studies & Art (08687692) is the property of Logos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS ON INCOME INEQUALITY IN EU COUNTRIES.
- Author
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Bartkute, Rasa, Griesiene, Ingrida, Grikietyte-Cebataviciene, Jurga, and Delibasic, Milica
- Subjects
INCOME inequality ,ECONOMIC impact ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,QUANTILE regression - Abstract
Copyright of Transformations in Business & Economics is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
16. Tvarios lanksčios pakuotės vystymas maisto gamybos pramonėje: reguliavimo politikos poveikis.
- Author
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Ramanauskaitė, Joana, Skaudaitė, Kristė, and Baužaitė, Aistė
- Subjects
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FLEXIBLE packaging , *FOOD packaging , *SUSTAINABILITY , *SUSTAINABLE development , *FOOD industry , *AMBITION - Abstract
The paper analyses the impact of regulatory policy on the development of sustainable flexible packaging in the food manufacturing industry. Although sustainable packaging is not new on the market, its development still poses various challenges for raw material producers, flexible packaging printers, food manufacturers, and other stakeholders. The study highlights the issues related to the development of sustainable flexible food packaging, the concept of sustainable packaging, and the regulatory policies of the European Union and Lithuania on sustainable flexible packaging. An empirical study was carried out to determine the impact of regulatory policy on the intention of food producers to develop and invest in sustainable flexible packaging. A qualitative research method - semi-structured interviews - was used. The results of the empirical study show that regulatory policy has an impact on the food industry's ambition to develop sustainable flexible packaging, although the effect can be twofold – it can either encourage compliance with the regulatory framework defined by the legislation or burden companies with excessive requirements. In this research, respondents also identified other components that affect the development of sustainable flexible packaging in the food manufacturing industry: consumers and other stakeholders, marketing. The level of environmental awareness was also highlighted as an important factor in the analysis of the empirical data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Komunikacijos apie tvarią madą ypatumai Instagram platformoje: grotažymės #tvarimada naudojimas.
- Author
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Telyčėnaitė, Austė
- Subjects
- *
SUSTAINABLE fashion , *SOCIAL media , *LOCAL mass media , *SUSTAINABILITY - Abstract
Scientific research indicates that perceptions of sustainable fashion are diverse and influenced by regional, cultural, and industry-specific attitudes and behaviours. Recent studies highlight the growing impact of social media on individual knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours, particularly Instagram’s role in promoting sustainable fashion values and encouraging appropriate consumer behaviour. The article presents a study aimed at identifying the contexts of sustainable fashion communication on Instagram in Lithuania, highlighting the key actors of the sustainable fashion ecosystem, the subject matter of the communication and the specifics of its presentation. The study found that Instagram in Lithuania is dominated by the concept of sustainable fashion, and the majority of accounts communicating sustainable fashion are commercial entities. The study also revealed that opinion leaders are not actively involved in the communication of sustainable fashion, most accounts using the hashtag have a small number of followers, and the content they publish does not expand on the topic of sustainability, but only mentions it. The posts that dive deeper into the topic of sustainability show a multifaceted perception of the phenomenon of sustainable fashion and the issues surrounding it, determined by the different perspectives of the actors involved in the communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. BIM TECHNOLOGIJŲ TAIKYMO ANALIZĖ SERTIFIKUOJANT PAGAL BREEAM.
- Author
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PAUŽA, Martynas
- Subjects
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SUSTAINABILITY - Abstract
Energy consumption is widely studied in the world together with the topic of how to reduce the use of resources during the entire life cycle of the building - energy consumption is related to the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the air. BREEAM (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method) is the world's most widespread real estate impact assessment method and certification standard. In BREEAM certification the evaluation of health and quality of life in buildings, construction materials, innovation, economic and social responsibility, energy, water management, ecology, and pollution must be done. For collection of the precise data the Building Information Modelling (BIM) was used as a tool. BIM is increasingly used in the world not only for design but also for the entire life cycle management of the building. The BIM application ensures efficient use of resources and smoother construction management. This article explores the application of BIM technologies in BREEAM certification, identifying potential benefits and limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. AN ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF GREEN BUILDINGS IN ROMANIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ENERGY PARADIGM CHANGE IN THE EU.
- Author
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Manate, Daniel, Lile, Ramona, Rad, Dana, Szentesi, Silviu-Gabriel, and Cuc, Lavinia Denisia
- Subjects
SUSTAINABLE buildings ,SMART cities ,REAL estate developers ,SUSTAINABLE urban development - Abstract
Copyright of Transformations in Business & Economics is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
20. SKAITMENINĖ LOGISTIKOS PROCESŲ ATEITIS: LIETUVOS PERSPEKTYVA.
- Author
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SVIRBUTAITĖ-KRUTKIENĖ, GIEDRĖ, KAZLAUKAS, KĘSTUTIS, and GOMIENĖ, ŽIVILĖ
- Abstract
The article examines the concept and significance of digitalisation in logistics processes, reviews the main initiatives of digitalisation in the European Union and presents possible future perspectives for digital logistics processes. Digitization has been shown to be an important trend in logistics and transportation processes, usually associated with a number of expectations, including cost reduction, environmental and social (e.g. working conditions, security) and transparency. On the other hand, constant change creates logistics challenges and various risks to which logistics processes have to adapt. The authors present an analysis of the Lithuanian case in order to properly assess the challenges and impact of digitalisation on the Lithuanian logistics sector. The analysis of the research results proved the potential opportunities for digitalisation of the logistics and transport sector, which include improving the quality of service, promoting sustainability, technological progress, more efficient use of human resources and saving resources. The research results also demonstrated the potential risks associated with the need for investment, waste of resources, security (such as data leakage) and rising prices for consumers. The article also uses descriptive analytical, scientific literature, document analysis and synthesis methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
21. Kaip (ar) ateitis keičia socialinio darbo profesinį lauką?
- Author
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Adomaitytė-Subačienė, Ieva and Martinaitytė, Guoda
- Abstract
Copyright of Socialinė Teorija, Empirija, Politika ir Praktika (STEPP) is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. TVARIOS MADOS APRAIŠKOS LIETUVIŠKUOSE PREKINIUOSE ŽENKLUOSE: „LEMUSE“ IR „LEAF“ ATVEJO ANALIZĖ.
- Author
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Karulaitienė, Dovilė, Čeplikė, Viktorija, and Mosėjūtė, Deimantė
- Subjects
- *
SUSTAINABLE fashion , *CLOTHING industry , *SCIENTIFIC literature , *PRODUCT obsolescence , *CONSUMPTION (Economics) - Abstract
For many people, fashion is a way of life that has been going on for centuries. The modern fashion manufacturing industry is expanding, and competition is increasing, with more and more new brands emerging. The fashion industry controls life in the modern community far more than many realize, which affects not only clothing but almost every aspect of daily life. As consumer spending on fashion products increases, higher sales increase production demand, which in turn maximizes the negative impact on the environment. According to McKinsey (2016), clothing typically uses a lot of water and chemicals and emits a lot of greenhouse gases. There is more and more talk in modern society about the expression of eco-friendly and sustainable fashion in the fashion manufacturing industry. The essence of sustainable fashion production is to take into account the fact that it is important to produce only to the extent that the consumer needs, so that surplus is not the most important aspect. The main methods aimed at analyzing the development of sustainable fashion in Lithuania are the analysis of the scientific literature, quantitative research: survey, and qualitative research: in-depth interviews. The founders of the brands „LeMuse“ and „LeaF“ were interviewed, and after analyzing the answers received during the interviews, it is learned that the main direction of the business is sustainable production processes. It is revealed that „LeaF“ branded products are born from obsolete leather products, and the use of natural fabrics is at the heart of „LeMuse“. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
23. TVARIOSIOS TIEKIMO GRANDINĖS VALDYMAS STATYBOJE.
- Author
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CATALDO, Ieva
- Subjects
- *
SUPPLY chain management , *CONSTRUCTION project management , *SUSTAINABLE construction , *CONSTRUCTION management , *CONSTRUCTION industry , *SUSTAINABILITY - Abstract
Most of the existing supply chain management methods and systems are being transferred to construction sphere regardless of the specifics of companies in the construction sector. Numerous complex factors such as ecological, social and economic are required for the continuous evaluation in the modern management of construction sector. The provided studies and the research to examine sustainable supply chain management in construction sector from a holistic perspective, concentrating on mostly longterm sustainable decision-making by the construction company rather than being centered only on the supply chain management for construction projects. This paper identifies a list of sustainability indicators for examining the supply chains of construction companies. Those indicators were categorized and assigned to one or a couple groups by reviewing their use in the previous literature agreeing to the reasoning to way better reflect the SSCM principle of their use in construction companies. The use of indicators can help develop strategies for the construction sector for sustainable policy makers and construction company managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. REDUCTION OF CONSUMERISM AND INCREASE OF SUSTAINABILITY IN LITHUANIA USING MULTIMODAL COMMUNICATION.
- Author
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SIDORČUKAITĖ, ERIKA and ŠAKYTĖ-STATNICKĖ, GITA
- Subjects
- *
CONSUMERISM , *SCIENTIFIC literature , *SUSTAINABILITY , *COMPULSIVE shopping , *MATERIALISM - Abstract
The scientific literature often emphasizes the main goal of the concept of sustainability - the harmonious maintenance of the relationship between people, nature and society. Contrary to this aim - consumerism - refers to the tendency of people living in a capitalist economy to engage in excessive materialism, which includes reflexive, wasteful, or noticeable excess consumption. Today, Lithuania is increasingly raising issues of reducing consumerism and increasing sustainability. It is important to emphasize that there is a particular lack of persuasive communication, which can be more effective in drawing public attention to the negative effects of consumerism on the environment and in encouraging more conscious lifestyles. The article aims to analyze the reduction of consumerism and increase of sustainability in Lithuania using multimodal communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
25. Sugar beet fertilisation for sustainable yield under climate change conditions.
- Author
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IVANINA, Vadym, SHAPOVALENKO, Roman, STRILETS, Oksana, and SENCHUK, Svitlana
- Subjects
- *
SUGAR beets , *BEETS , *CLIMATE change , *WATER efficiency , *REPLICATION (Experimental design) , *WHEAT straw , *FERTILIZERS - Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine how different fertiliser systems affect sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) productivity, water-use efficiency (WUE) index, nutrient uptake and balance and establish the efficient fertilisation of the plant. A randomized experimental design with four replications as factorial arrangement with four treatments: (1) without fertilisers (control), (2) mineral fertilisation (MF), (3) alternative organic-mineral fertilisation (OMF) and (4) organic-mineral fertilisation supplemented with boron (B) (OMF+B), was used. The results showed that sugar beet root yield, gross and white sugar yield were significantly affected (P < 0.05) by all fertilisation treatments. The highest average of the aforementioned parameters was obtained in OMF+B treatment: 63.5, 10.73 and 8.86 t ha-1, respectively, that included combined application of the mineral fertilisers and winter wheat straw plus B twice foliar applied. OMF+B had a more pronounced effect on sugar beet productivity in the year of hot and moderately humid growing season (2018) than in dry (2017) and moderate (2019) years. OMF+B resulted in a positive nutrient balance in the soil and the highest WUE index (44.7 kg ha-1 mm-1), provided efficient use of water and the sustainability of sugar beet cultivation under climate change conditions, while mineral fertilisation led to nutrient imbalance and low stability. The accumulation of sugar in the roots mainly depended on the dry weather in September. The driest September of 2019 contributed to the highest sugar content in the roots - 18.2-18.5%, while moderately and too humid weather in September 2017 and 2018 caused a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in sugar content to 17.0-17.5% and 14.9-15.2%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. STUDENTŲ EKO MĄSTYMAS TVARIOS MADOS KONTEKSTE.
- Author
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KRYŽEVIČIENĖ, EVITA and KALVAITIENĖ, RAMINTA
- Abstract
Responsible consumption, sustainability - these terms are more relevant and fashionrelated than ever before. The aim of the article is to analyze students' attitudes towards sustainable fashion. A questionnaire survey of students was used for the research. The results of the survey show that students have information about sustainable fashion, but the knowledge is not systematized and insufficient. Examining this topic will encourage students to think about whether sustainability, environmental friendliness, nature-friendly ways are a relevant topic not only related to clothing, but can be implemented in all areas of life and incorporate sustainability into their work and creativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
27. Developing sustainable flexible packaging in the food manufacturing industry: the impact of regulatory policy
- Author
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Ramanauskaitė, Joana, Skaudaitė, Kristė, Baužaitė, Aistė, and Kauno technologijos universitetas
- Subjects
tvari gamyba ,regulation policy ,Public Administration ,maisto gamybos pramonė ,reguliavimo politika ,sustainability ,tvari lanksti pakuotė ,food production industry ,sustainable flexible packaging ,Tvarumas ,Lietuva (Lithuania) ,Ekonomika. Ūkis / Economics. Economy ,sustainable production ,tvarumas ,Ekonominė politika. Globalizacija. Integracija / Economic policy. Globalisation. Integration - Abstract
Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas reguliavimo politikos poveikis tvarių lanksčių pakuočių vystymui maisto gamybos pramonėje. Nors tvarios pakuotės nėra naujiena rinkoje, tačiau jų vystymas vis dar sukelia įvairių iššūkių žaliavų gamintojams, lanksčių pakuočių spaustuvėms, maisto gamintojams ir kitoms suinteresuotoms šalims. Tyrime atskleidžiama tvarių lanksčių maisto pakuočių vystymo problematika, tvarios pakuotės samprata, Europos Sąjungos ir Lietuvos reguliavimo politika tvarios lanksčios pakuotės klausimais. Atliktas empirinis tyrimas, siekiant nustatyti reguliavimo politikos poveikį maisto gamintojų ketinimui vystyti ir investuoti į tvarias lanksčias pakuotes. Pasitelktas kokybinis tyrimo metodas – pusiau struktūrizuotas interviu. Empirinio tyrimo rezultatai atskleidžia, kad reguliavimo politika veikia maisto gamybos pramonės siekį vystyti tvarias lanksčias pakuotes, nors poveikis gali būti dvejopas – tiek skatinti laikytis reguliavimo, apibrėžto teisės aktais, tiek apsunkinti įmonių veiklą pertekliniais reikalavimais. Atlikto tyrimo metu, respondentai išskiria ir kitas dedamąsias, veikiančias tvarių lanksčių pakuočių vystymą maisto gamybos pramonėje: vartotojai ir kitos suinteresuotos šalys, rinkodara. Analizuojant empirinio tyrimo duomenis, kaip svarbus veiksnys išskirtas ir ekologinio sąmoningumo lygis., The paper analyses the impact of regulatory policy on the development of sustainable flexible packaging in the food manufacturing industry. Although sustainable packaging is not new on the market, its development still poses various challenges for raw material producers, flexible packaging printers, food manufacturers, and other stakeholders. The study highlights the issues related to the development of sustainable flexible food packaging, the concept of sustainable packaging, and the regulatory policies of the European Union and Lithuania on sustainable flexible packaging. An empirical study was carried out to determine the impact of regulatory policy on the intention of food producers to develop and invest in sustainable flexible packaging. A qualitative research method - semi-structured interviews - was used. The results of the empirical study show that regulatory policy has an impact on the food industry's ambition to develop sustainable flexible packaging, although the effect can be twofold – it can either encourage compliance with the regulatory framework defined by the legislation or burden companies with excessive requirements. In this research, respondents also identified other components that affect the development of sustainable flexible packaging in the food manufacturing industry: consumers and other stakeholders, marketing. The level of environmental awareness was also highlighted as an important factor in the analysis of the empirical data.
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. ONLINE SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING OF CHINESE UNIVERSITIES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS.
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Xiaosong Zheng, Ziqi Wang, Yupei Zhai, Yi An, and Jinggu Zhang
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SUSTAINABLE development reporting ,SUSTAINABLE urban development ,UNIVERSITY rankings ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
Copyright of Transformations in Business & Economics is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
29. Tvarios mąstysenos bruožų raiška pradinio ugdymo programoje
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Matusevičiūtė, Greta and Janiūnaitė, Brigita
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sustainability education ,primary education ,tvari mąstysena ,sustainability mindset ,tvarumo ugdymas ,tvarumas ,pradinis ugdymas ,sustainability - Abstract
Kompleksinės pasaulio problemos, tokios kaip klimato kaita kelia didelius iššūkius visuomenei ir reikalauja skubaus atsako. Šie iššūkiai skatina švietimo sistemą atliepti mąstysenos pokyčio poreikį, kuris yra būtinas, siekiant paruošti ateities kartas susidurti su kompleksiška dabarties ir ateities problemų prigimtimi bei ugdyti mokinius remiantis tvarumo principais. Integruoti tvarios mąstysenos formavimo principus į pradinio ugdymo etapą yra itin svarbu todėl, kad šiame amžiuje formuojami asmeniui unikalių vertybinių nuostatų pagrindai. Tačiau, nors šio amžiaus mokiniai jau susiduria su tvarumui būdingų problemų tematika, tvarumo principų integracija ir tvarios mąstysenos ugdymas šiame etape yra mažai tyrinėtas. Siekiant atskleisti tvarios mąstysenos prielaidų raišką šiame ugdymo etape keliamas tyrimo tikslas: atskleisti tvarios mąstysenos bruožų raišką pradinio ugdymo programoje. Tikslui pasiekti keliami šie uždaviniai: išanalizuoti tvarios mąstysenos bruožų raiškos konstrukto sampratą ir bruožus; pagrįsti tvarios mąstysenos bruožų raiškos pradinio ugdymo programoje tyrimo metodologiją; nustatyti tvarios mąstysenos bruožų raiškos pradinio ugdymo programoje ypatumus. Tyrimui atlikti pasirinkta mokslinės literatūros ir dokumentų (Lietuvos pradinio ugdymo bendrosios programos ir integruoto turinio vadovėlių) turinio (content) analizė. Atlikta mokslinės literatūros analizė atskleidė, kad tvarumas yra daugiasluoksnis konstruktas, apimantis ekonominius, ekologinius, socialinius ir kultūrinius aspektus, kurių sąveika yra orientuota į planetos išsaugojimą bei dabarties ir ateities kartų gerovės užtikrinimą. Tvarumo integravimas į švietimą gali vykti vadovaujantis išoriniu ir vidinių požiūriu. Išorinis požiūris akcentuoja kompetencijų, įgūdžių bei požiūrių, reikalingų spręsti su tvarumu susijusius iššūkius formavimą. Vidinis požiūris yra tvarios mąstysenos pagrindas ir akcentuoja tvarumo principų integraciją į sprendimo priėmimo ir veikimo procesus. Adaptuotas tvarios mąstysenos modelis atskleidė tvarios mąstysenos integracijos pradinio ugdymo programoje galimybes. Jame tvarios mąstysenos bruožams priskiriamos šiam ugdymo etapui būdingos charakteristikos ir kriterijai. Dokumentų analizė atlikta taikant turinio (content) analizės metodą, naudojantis kodavimo instrumentu sukurtu remiantis tvarios mąstysenos raiškos pradinio ugdymo programoje modeliu. Atlikta dokumentų analizė parodė, jog: Lietuvos pradinio ugdymo programose tvarios mąstysenos ugdymo prielaidų raiška yra dalinė. Tvarios mąstysenos raiška labiausiai atsispindi etikos, gamtos mokslų ir etninės kultūros programų turinyje. Programose akcentuojamos tam tikri tvarios mąstysenos bruožų charakteristikoms būdingi kriterijai tokie kaip: bendradarbiavimas, susitarimų kūrimas ir laikymasis, bei pasaulio žmonių ir kultūrų įvairovės pažinimas. Tvarios mąstysenos bruožai, kurie yra tiesiogiai susiję su darniu vystymusi, gamtos išsaugojimu ir tvarumu daugiausiai plėtojami pasirenkamajame ugdymo turinyje. Programose akcentuojamas išorinis tvarumo ugdymo požiūris, mažiau dėmesio skiriant vidinio požiūrio ugdymui. Pradinio ugdymo vadovėlių analizė atskleidė, jog dalykų integracija sudaro palankias sąlygas plėtoti tvarios mąstysenos bruožų ugdymą pradinio ugdymo etape. Integruotas vadovėlių formatas sudaro sąlygas plėtoti tvarios mąstysenos ugdymą visų dalykų pamokose integruojant temas horizontaliai ir plėtojant temo turinį vertikaliai per ugdymo metus., Complex global issues such as climate change pose significant challenges to society and demand urgent responses. These challenges prompt the education system to address the need for a shift in thinking, which is essential for preparing future generations to face the inherent complexity of present and future challenges and to educate and teach students based on sustainability principles. Integrating traits of sustainability mindset into the primary education stage is particularly important because it lays the foundation for the formation of individuals' unique values. However, although students at this stage are already exposed to issues related to sustainability, the integration of sustainability principles and the development of sustainability mindset at primary education level have been poorly researched. In order to reveal the expression of sustainability mindset at this stage of education, the goal of this research is to uncover the expression sustainability mindset traits in the primary education curriculum. To achieve this goal, the following objectives are set: to analyse the conceptualization and characteristics of the sustainability mindset, to justify the research methodology for examining the expression of sustainability mindset traits in the primary education curriculum, and to identify the peculiarities of the expression of sustainability mindset traits in the primary education curriculum. The research is conducted through the analysis of scientific literature and documents, including the content analysis of the Lithuanian primary education general curriculum and integrated content textbooks. The analysis of scientific literature revealed that sustainability is a multi-layered construct encompassing economic, ecological, social, and cultural aspects, whose interaction is directed towards preserving the planet and ensuring the well-being of present and future generations. The integration of sustainability into education can occur through external and internal perspectives. The external perspective emphasizes the development of competencies, skills, and attitudes necessary to address sustainability-related challenges. The internal perspective serves as the foundation for sustainability mindset and highlights the integration of sustainability principles into decision-making and operational processes. The adapted model of sustainability mindset revealed the possibilities of integrating sustainability mindset into the primary education curriculum, assigning characteristics and criteria that are relevant to this stage of education. The document analysis, conducted using content analysis methodology and a coding instrument developed based on the model of sustainability mindset expression in primary education, showed that the expression of assumptions underlying the development of sustainability mindset in Lithuanian primary education programs is partial. The expression of sustainability mindset traits is most prominent in the content of ethics, natural sciences, and ethnic culture programs. These programs emphasize criteria associated with specific characteristics of sustainability mindset, such as collaboration, the creation and adherence to agreements, and the understanding of global human and cultural diversity. Characteristics of sustainability mindset that are directly related to sustainable development, nature conservation, and sustainability are mostly developed in optional education content. The programs prioritize an external perspective on sustainability education, with less emphasis on the development of an internal perspective. The analysis of primary education textbooks revealed that subject integration creates favourable conditions for the development of sustainability mindset traits at the primary education stage. The integrated format of textbooks facilitates the development of sustainability mindset across all subject lessons by integrating themes horizontally and expanding the content vertically throughout the educational year.
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- 2023
30. Leveraging value-creating factors to build and maintain relationships with business clients in the European road logistics market
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Vitkauskas, Deividas and Vaitkienė, Rimgailė
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tvarumas ,sustainability ,klientų įsitraukimas ,road logistics ,Santykių kokybė ,client engagement ,suvokiama vertė ,kelių logistika ,Relationship quality ,perceived value - Abstract
Relevance of the topic. The European logistics market is experiencing increasing competition, due to established large market players, new start-ups, as well as other 3 million companies offering their logistics services in Europe. Despite the high competition in the European logistics market, there are other additional challenges for companies providing road logistics services. Challenges identified in literature and information sources are changing market conditions, a complex regulatory environment, limited access to resources, and increasing labor costs. These factors can affect the company's competitiveness, profitability, and ability to meet the needs of business clients. In addition to competition and other challenges, there are ecological problems caused by global warming and pollution, with road freight accounting for more than 25% of CO2 emissions in the EU. Companies that do not maintain their competitive advantage may find it difficult to attract new clients and retain existing ones, which may ultimately jeopardize their ability to stay in business. Sharpening competition, constant changes in the business environment, and emerging ecological problems force logistics companies to look for better strategies for competitive advantage, which leads to greater attention to the management of business clients and the development of relationships with them. There is a lack of research in the scientific literature on how to use value-creating factors and other factors in building and maintaining relationships with business clients, especially in the European road logistics market, which could be used by road transport companies to remain competitive. This is especially important in this period when the business faces many survival challenges, which are directly related not only to economic and ecological factors but also to the state of business client relationships. In this setting, potential research can not only fill the gaps in the literature on this topic but also provide recommendations for road logistics service companies seeking to maintain competitive advantage and use key factors and service values to attract new business clients and retain existing ones, thereby creating long-term business relationships and fostering client engagement, potentially leading to market competitiveness and long-term success. Research object – service perceived value effect on business relationship quality and client engagement in the case of the European road logistics service market. Research aim – to analyze the possible impact of perceived service value on the quality of relationships and client engagement in the business-to-business European road logistics service market. Main theoretical findings: Long-term business relationships offer strategic value that reduces uncertainty, improves planning, reduces risks, reduces operating costs, and boosts logistics service providers growth. Building long-term connections with B2B clients can build up trust, satisfaction, and loyalty between involved parties, which can lead to increased client engagement on offers. B2B clients value monetary and qualitative values, like cost savings, price transparency, volume discounts, faster delivery times, improved inventory management, risk reduction, reliability, flexibility, communication, transparency, trackability, responsiveness, compliance, and expertise of the logistics services. By adopting sustainability practices, logistics service providers can lower their environmental impact and provide additional value, together with monetary and qualitative ones, to their B2B clients. Road logistics service providers must continue to assess and improve the quality of their relationships with B2B clients through clear communication, frequent satisfaction surveys, and a culture of continuous development. By doing so, they can develop and maintain long-term B2B relationships while encouraging stronger client engagement, which leads to additional service purchases, recommendations, useful information, and stronger commitment. Main empirical results: Identified key factors, such as price competitiveness, capacities, reputation, and general information of the company, that potential clients consider before establishing business relationships. Clients also take into account both monetary and qualitative values of logistics services, such as cost savings, delivery time, risk reduction, volume discounts, communication, reliability, expertise, flexibility, traceability, and compliance with industry standards. Highlighted most important values, such as cost savings, communication, delivery time, reliability, and expertise, can directly influence the quality of business relationships. Sustainability reports can be a useful application not only for business clients but also for road logistics companies in order to evaluate different applicable sustainability principles. It was found that if road logistics companies tracked statistics of the provided services and shared them during occasional meetings, it would help to monitor and evaluate business relationship quality. Lack of communication, lying, non-compliance, change of responsible manager, delivery delays, increasing damage, inadequate prices, and client theft are factors that can worsen or end business relationships with clients. Long-term relationships with road logistics service providers can influence client engagement in purchasing, which can be expressed through priority given to offers, less sensitivity to service prices, additional potential orders, representation of service quality, and efforts to find the best solution for all parties. In addition to service purchases, business clients would aid in various situations, give required information, and promote them to their colleagues. Based on empirical study results, five recommendations were provided for road logistics service providers, who want to develop and maintain long-term relationships with B2B clients., Temos aktualumas. Europos logistikos rinka patiria vis didesnę konkurenciją, dėl įsitvirtinusių stambių rinkos dalyvių, naujų startuolių, taip pat ir kitų 3 milijonų įmonių siūlančių savo logistikos paslaugas Europoje. Nepaisant didelės konkurencijos Europos logistikos rinkoje, kelių logistikos paslaugas teikiančioms įmonėms kyla ir kitų papildomų iššūkių. Literatūroje ir informacijos šaltiniuose įvardijami iššūkiai – besikeičiančios rinkos sąlygos, sudėtinga reguliavimo aplinka, ribota prieiga prie išteklių, didėjančios darbo jėgos sąnaudos. Šie veiksniai gali turėti įtakos įmonės konkurencingumui, pelningumui ir gebėjimui patenkinti verslo klientų poreikius. Be konkurencijos ir kitų iššūkių, yra ir ekologinių problemų, kurias sukelia visuotinis atšilimas ir tarša, o krovininis kelių transportas sudaro daugiau nei 25 % CO2 emisijų ES. Įmonėms, kurios neišlaiko savo konkurencinio pranašumo, gali būti sunku pritraukti naujų klientų ir išlaikyti esamus, o tai galiausiai gali kelti pavojų jų galimybėms išlikti versle. Konkurencijos aštrėjimas, nuolatiniai verslo aplinkos pokyčiai, kylančios ekologinės problemos verčia logistikos įmones ieškoti geresnių konkurencinio pranašumo strategijų, o tai lemia didesnį dėmesį verslo klientų valdymui ir santykių su jais plėtrai. Mokslinėje literatūroje trūksta tyrimų, kaip panaudoti vertę kuriančius veiksnius ir kitus faktorius, kuriant ir palaikant ryšius su verslo klientais, ypač Europos kelių logistikos rinkoje, kuriais galėtų pasinaudoti kelių transporto įmonės, norėdamos išlikti konkurencingos. Tai ypač svarbu šiuo laikotarpiu, kai verslas susiduria su daugybe išlikimo iššūkių, kurie tiesiogiai susiję ne tik su ekonominiais ir ekologiniais veiksniais, bet ir verslo klientų santykių būkle. Šioje aplinkoje galimi tyrimai gali ne tik užpildyti šios temos literatūros spragas, bet ir pateikti rekomendacijas kelių logistikos paslaugas teikiančioms įmonėms, siekiančioms išlaikyti konkurencinį pranašumą ir panaudoti pagrindinius veiklos veiksnius ir paslaugų vertes, siekiant pritraukti naujus verslo klientus ir išlaikyti esamus, taip kuriant ilgalaikius verslo santykius ir skatinant jų įsitraukimą, kas galimai sąlygotų konkurencingumą rinkoje ir ilgalaikę sėkmę. Tyrimo objektas – paslaugos suvokiamas vertės poveikis verslo santykių kokybei ir klientų įtraukimui Europos kelių logistikos paslaugų rinkos atveju. Tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti galimą suvokiamos paslaugos vertės įtaką santykių kokybei ir klientų įsitraukimui Europos kelių logistikos paslaugų rinkoje verslas-verslui. Pagrindinės teorinės išvados: Ilgalaikiai verslo santykiai suteikia strateginę vertę, kuri sumažina neapibrėžtumą, pagerina planavimą, sumažina riziką, sumažina veiklos sąnaudas ir skatina logistikos paslaugų teikėjų augimą. Ilgalaikių ryšių su B2B klientais kūrimas gali sustiprinti dalyvaujančių šalių pasitikėjimą, pasitenkinimą ir lojalumą, o tai gali paskatinti didesnį klientų įsitraukimą į pasiūlymus. Verslo klientai vertina pinigines ir kokybines vertybes, tokias kaip: išlaidų 6 taupymas, kainų skaidrumas, nuolaidos kiekiui, greitesnis pristatymo laikas, geresnis atsargų valdymas ir rizikos mažinimas, patikimumas, lankstumas, komunikacija, skaidrumas, sekamumas, reagavimas, taisyklių atitiktis ir kompetencija, logistikos paslaugose. Taikydami tvarumo praktiką, logistikos paslaugų teikėjai gali sumažinti savo poveikį aplinkai ir suteikti papildomos vertės kartu su piniginėmis ir kokybinėmis savo verslo klientams. Kelių logistikos paslaugų teikėjai turi toliau vertinti ir gerinti savo santykių su verslo klientais kokybę per aiškų bendravimą, dažnas pasitenkinimo apklausas ir nuolatinio tobulėjimo kultūrą. Taip elgdamiesi jie gali plėtoti ir palaikyti ilgalaikius verslo santykius, kartu skatindami stipresnį klientų įsitraukimą, o tai paskatins papildomų paslaugų pirkimą, rekomendacijas, naudingą informaciją ir tvirtesnį įsipareigojimą. Pagrindiniai empiriniai rezultatai: Nustatyti pagrindiniai veiksniai, tokie kaip kainų konkurencingumas, pajėgumai, reputacija ir bendra įmonės informacija, į kuriuos potencialūs klientai atsižvelgia prieš užmegzdami verslo santykius. Klientai taip pat atsižvelgia tiek į pinigines, tiek į kokybines logistikos paslaugų vertes, tokias kaip: išlaidų taupymas, pristatymo laikas, rizikos mažinimas, apimties nuolaidos, komunikacija, patikimumas, kompetencija, lankstumas, atsekamumas ir atitikimas pramonės standartams. Išryškintos svarbiausios vertybės, tokios kaip išlaidų taupymas, bendravimas, pristatymo laikas, patikimumas ir kompetencija, gali tiesiogiai paveikti verslo santykių kokybę. Tvarumo ataskaitos gali būti naudinga programa ne tik verslo klientams, bet ir kelių logistikos įmonėms, siekiant įvertinti skirtingus taikomus tvarumo principus. Nustatyta, kad jei kelių logistikos įmonės sektų teikiamų paslaugų statistiką ir dalintųsi ja per susitikimų metu, tai padėtų stebėti ir vertinti verslo santykių kokybę. Bendravimo trūkumas, melas, reikalavimų nesilaikymas, atsakingo vadybininko pasikeitimas, pristatymo vėlavimas, didėjanti žala, neadekvačios kainos, klientų vagystės yra veiksniai, galintys pabloginti ar nutraukti verslo santykius su klientais. Ilgalaikiai ryšiai su kelių logistikos paslaugų teikėjais gali turėti įtakos klientų įsitraukimui perkant, o tai gali būti išreikšta pirmenybės teikimu pasiūlymams, mažesniu jautrumu paslaugų kainoms, papildomais galimais užsakymais, paslaugų kokybės reprezentavimu ir pastangomis rasti geriausią sprendimą visoms šalims. Verslo klientai gali ne tik pirkti paslaugas, bet ir padėti įvairiose situacijose, suteiktį reikiamą informaciją, rekomenduoti juos savo kolegoms. Remiantis empiriniais tyrimo rezultatais, pateiktos penkios rekomendacijos kelių logistikos paslaugas teikiančioms įmonėms, norinčioms plėtoti ir palaikyti ilgalaikius santykius su verslo klientais.
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- 2023
31. Vartotojų įsitraukimas į dalijimosi ekonomikos platformas, atsižvelgiant į tvarumo kontekstą
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Konaverskytė, Greta and Banytė, Jūratė
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dalijimosi ekonomikos platformos ,sharing economy platforms ,tvarumas ,sustainability ,vartotojų įsitraukimas ,consumer engagement - Abstract
Spartus dalijimosi ekonomikos augimas kelia mokslines diskusijas, kuriose dominuoja tvarumo skatinimo (Curtisir Lehner 2019), vartotojų elgsenos pažinimo (Kozlenkova, Lee, Xiang ir Palmatier, 2021) ir informacinių technologijų taikymo (Närvänen ir Makkonen, 2022) tematikos. Nors dalijimosi ekonomikos principai yra plačiai naudojami praktikoje, mokslinių tyrimų apie vartotojų įsitraukimą į šias platformas, o ypač atskleidžiančių tvarumo konteksto raišką, yra ypač mažai. Svarbu ir tai, kad kylantis vartotojų ir įstatymų leidėjų spaudimas organizacijoms dėl tvaraus vystymo tikslų įgyvendinimo, tampa reikšmingu stimulu gilintis į dalijimosi ekonomikos platformų vartotojų įsitraukimo fenomeną ir atskleisti su tvarumu siejamas tokios elgsenos priežastis bei pasekmes. Atsižvelgiant į esamą situaciją, baigiamojo magistro projekto problema formuluojama klausimais: kokie veiksniai lemia vartotojų įsitraukimą į dalijimosi ekonomikos platformas tvarumo raiškos kontekste ir kokius rezultatus jis sukelia?, The rapid growth of the sharing economy raises scientific debates dominated by the topics of promoting sustainability (Curtis and Lehner 2019), understanding consumer behavior (Kozlenkova, Lee, Xiang and Palmatier, 2021) and applying information technology (Närvänen and Makkonen, 2022). Although the principles of the sharing economy are widely used in practice, research on consumer engagement in these platforms, and revealing the expression of the sustainability context, is particularly scarce. It is also important that the rising pressure of consumers and legislators on organizations regarding the implementation of sustainable development goals becomes a significant stimulus to delve into the phenomenon of consumer engagement of sharing economy platforms and reveal the causes and results of such behavior associated with sustainability. Considering the current situation, the problem of the final master's project is formulated as research questions: what factors determine the consumers engagement in sharing economy platforms in the context of sustainability and what results does it cause?
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- 2023
32. THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES IN BIOECONOMY DEVELOPMENT: CASES OF LITHUANIA AND GEORGIA
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Mindaugas Kuklierius, Vazha Verulidze, and Astrida Miceikienė
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Mokesčiai / Taxation ,Tvarumas ,Sakartvelas (Gruzija ,Georgia) ,Lietuva (Lithuania) ,Sustainability ,Bioekonomika ,Aplinka. Aplinkosauga / Environment. Environmental protection ,Environmental taxes ,Žalioji ekonomika ,Bioeconomy ,Gruzija (Georgia) ,Green economy - Abstract
The bioeconomy development is an important strategy for increasing sustainability and to achieve European Green deal. Environmental taxes are one of the most important tools for the development of the bioeconomy. The research aim is to compare the role of environmental taxes in countries with different levels of economic development: Lithuania and Georgia. The authors explore the following question: whether the policy of environmental taxes can contribute to the development of bioeconomy. Research results show that aims of bioeconomy and environmental taxes are the same and contribute to solving several societal challenges. Environmental taxes in Lithuania are more important and help to development bioeconomy. Lithuania does not yet levy a carbon tax, although it participates in the EU emissions trading system. Having started to implement the Green Deal, Lithuania will have to apply carbon taxes and other environmental taxes. Environmental tax burden in Georgia is very low, but this country has the potential to develop the bioeconomy.
- Published
- 2022
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33. RESEARCH AND INNOVATION AS DRIVERS OF SUSTAINABILITY AND COMPETITIVENESS OF THE BIOECONOMY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IN BIOEAST COUNTRIES
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Vitunskienė, Vlada and Dapkuvienė, Agnė
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Čekija (Čekijos karalystė, Czech) ,Inovacijos / Innovations ,Vengrija (Hungary) ,Kroatija (Croatia) ,Competitiveness ,Slovakija (Slovakia) ,Čekijos Respublika (Czech Republic) ,Tvarumas ,Lietuva (Lithuania) ,Sustainability ,Latvija (Latvia) ,Konkurencija / Competition ,Lenkija (Lenkijos karalystė ,Rzeczpospolita Polska ,Kingdom of Poland ,Poland) ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Bulgarija (Bulgaria) ,Rumunija (Romania) ,Slovėnija (Slovenia) ,Estija (Estonia) ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
In the context of climate change, ecological boundaries, increasing environmental pressures and biodiversity loss, scientific community together with policy makers is searching for sources of change towards sustainable bioeconomy. Therefore, there is a clear scientific interest in connection of innovation and sustainable development as well as competitiveness. As RDI is proved by empirical research to be a driver of sustainability and competitiveness of bioeconomy, it is relevant to look at the innovation performance of different countries for comparison. This article aims to make a comparative overview of the bioeconomy related research and innovation performance between BIOEAST countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Croatia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovenia and Slovakia). Comparison to EU-27 (from 2020) and the EU Innovation Leaders is also made. The methodology is based on methods of analysis, interpretation and relevant comparisons of selected indicators. The research results point out that BIOEAST countries show very different innovation performance results. There is a wide innovation performance gap between most BIOEAST countries and the EU Innovation Leaders in terms of citable publications and especially patenting activity. Leading BIOEAST countries are in some cases similar to the EU Innovation Leaders. The research may be interesting for both researchers and policy makers and offers opportunities for future studies on the subject.
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- 2022
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34. ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABLE DAIRY FARMING PRACTICES IN THE EU AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES
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Greblikaitė, Jolita, Astrovienė, Judita, and Rakštys, Rolandas
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Naujoji Zelandija (New Zealand) ,Žemės ūkis / Agriculture ,Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos (United States of America ,JAV ,USA) ,Sustainable agriculture ,Tvarumas ,Kinija (China) ,Lietuva (Lithuania) ,Sustainability ,Suomija (Finland) ,Lenkija (Lenkijos karalystė ,Rzeczpospolita Polska ,Kingdom of Poland ,Poland) ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Nyderlandai (Netherlands) ,Dairy farms ,Pieno ūkis ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
This article aims to analyse the concept of a sustainable dairy farm and review sustainable dairy farming experience in EU countries. Theoretical aspects of sustainable farming are analysed during the research; namely, the analysis of EU legal, strategic, and other documents is performed; an overview of research, EU reports, and other documents on sustainable farming is conducted as well as an analysis of international experience in assessing sustainable farming systems in the dairy farm is carried out. The most targeted countries leading the dairy industry and their experience are dealt with. Experience of the USA, New Zealand, China, and EU countries (the Netherlands, Finland, Poland) in implementing sustainability principles in dairy farms is viewed. The study revealed that the leading dairy countries pay a lot of attention to implementing sustainability principles in introducing the planned EU strategies and recommendations and being willing to operate competitively in the global market. At the same time, agriculture is aimed to be viewed as an attractive sector for work and to be adjusted to the development of common sustainability strategies of the countries. EU countries are also focusing on research, modernization, and sustainability of the dairy sector.
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- 2022
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35. Tvarumo dimensija organizacijų atlygio sistemose
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Šima, Mindaugas and Šilingienė, Violeta
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sustainable development ,atlygis ,tvarumas ,tvaraus žmogiškų išteklių valdymo principai ,atlygio sistema ,sustainability ,remuneration system ,principles of sustainable human resource management ,remuneration ,tvarus vystymasis - Abstract
Žmonijos vystymasis per pastaruosius dešimtmečius lėmė vis didesnius klimato pokyčius ir vis dažnesnes stichines nelaimes, taip pat karus ir politinį bei socialinį ir ekonominį nestabilumą. Savo veiksmais žmogus prisidėjo prie neigiamo poveikio aplinkai, sukeldamas pavojų ateities kartoms ir Žemės išlikimui. Organizacijoms vis aktualiau tampa veikti laikantis darnaus vystymosi principų siekiant sumažinti šį neigiamą poveikį. Tuo pačiu organizacijos turi užtikrinti tvarų žmogiškų išteklių valdymą, nes organizacijų darbuotojai ir yra tie, kurie užtikrina, kad tvarumo principai būtų priimami ir jų būtų laikomasi. Darbuotojų įtraukimas, būtinas laikantis tvaraus vystymosi principų, reiškia būtinybę naudoti visapusišką priemonių rinkinį pagal plačiai suvokiamą atlygio sistemą, kuri ir pati dėl savo įtakos darbuotojų elgsenai vaidina vieną iš pagrindinių vaidmenų formuojant darbo užduotis, palaikančias organizacijos tvaraus vystymosi tikslus., Human development in recent decades has led to increasing climate change and more frequent natural disasters, as well as wars and political and socio-economic instability. Making his actions, man has contributed to the negative impact on the environment, endangering future generations and the survival of Earth. Therefore, in order to reduce these negative effects, it becomes increasingly important for the organizations to act in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. At the same time, organizations need to ensure the sustainable management of human resources, because it is the staff of organizations who ensure that the principles of sustainability are accepted and adhered to. Employee engagement, which is essential for sustainable development, implies the need to use a comprehensive set of tools within a widely perceived remuneration system, which, in itself, influences employee behavior to play a key role in shaping the organization’s sustainable development goals.
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- 2023
36. Mikropluoštų išsiskyrimo iš sintetinių megztinių medžiagų skalbimo metu tyrimas ir vertinimas
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Gliaudelytė, Ugnė and Daukantienė, Virginija
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buitinis skalbimas ,tekstilė ,textile ,sintetiniai mikropluoštai ,domestic washing ,synthetic microfibers ,tvarumas ,mikroplastikas ,sustainability ,microplastic - Abstract
Tekstilinės kilmės mikroplastikų – sintetinių mikropluoštų, tarša yra viena aktualiausių ir naujausių aplinkosaugos problemų. Vienas iš pagrindinių sintetinių mikropluoštų šaltinių – skalbiami namuose iš sintetinių pluoštų pagaminti drabužiai. Iki šiol atlikti tyrimai patvirtina, kad skalbimo parametrai: vandens pH, skalbimo vandens temperatūra, skalbimo trukmė ir mechaninis poveikis bei kiti, turi įtakos sintetinių mikropluoštų išsiskyrimui, tačiau dar nėra šiuos tyrimus reglamentuojančios standartinės metodikos. Taip pat trūksta tyrimų apie vartotojų taikomas skalbimo sąlygas kuomet skalbiami sintetiniai drabužiai. Projekte buvo atlikta vartotojų apklausa, kuri padėjo nustatyti vartotojų dažniausiai taikomus skalbimo parametrus ir skalbimo įpročius buitinio skalbimo namuose metu, kai skalbiami sintetiniai drabužiai. Remiantis vartotojų apklausos tyrimo rezultatais, kitų mokslinių tyrimų apžvalga bei medžiagų ir drabužių gamintojų rekomenduojamomis priežiūros taisyklėmis, stengiantis laikytis tvaresnių aplinkai sprendimų, buvo sukurta nesudėtinga ir laboratorinėmis sąlygomis įgyvendinama mikropluoštų išsiskyrimo iš tekstilės medžiagų tyrimo ir vertinimo metodika. Tyrimui pasirinktos penkios iš sintetinių pluoštų pagamintos megztinės medžiagos, dažnai taikomos sportinių drabužių gamybai. Ištirti ir įvertinti iš sintetinių megztinių medžiagų skalbimo metu išsiskiriančių sintetinių mikropluoštų kiekiai ir charakteristikos. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad vartotojai drabužius skalbia dažnai, sintetinių pluoštų drabužius skalbia su kitos pluoštinės sudėties drabužiais ir beveik niekada neskaito gaminių priežiūros etikečių. Dažniausiai skalbiama naudojant skystą skalbiklį ir nenaudojant skalbinių minkštiklio ir skalbiant 30 min arba 60 min 40 oC temperatūros vandenyje. Atlikus išsiskiriančių mikropluoštų analizę, buvo nustatyta, kad jų kiekiai ir charakteristikos labai priklauso nuo medžiagos sudėties ir pluoštų struktūros. Iš poliamido turinčios medžiagos išsiskyrė mažiausi kiekiai mikropluoštų, o didžiausi iš medžiagos sudarytos iš 90% poliesterio/10 % elastano pluoštų. Ilgesni mikropluoštai iš medžiagų išsiskyrė po penktojo skalbimo lyginant su pirmuoju skalbimu., Synthetic microfibers – microplastics that originated from textile, and the pollution caused by it, are one of the most pressing and recent environmental problems. One of the main sources of synthetic microfibers is domestic washing of synthetic clothing. Researchers confirm that washing parameters such as water pH, washing temperature, washing time and mechanical impact, influences the release of the synthetic microfibers, but no standard methodology yet exists that can be followed when performing these types of tests. There is also a lack of research on what washing parameters consumers apply during domestic washing. The project carried out a survey that helped to determine the most common washing parameters and consumer washing habits when washing synthetic clothing at home. Based on the results of the consumer survey, a review of other scientific studies and the maintenance rules recommended by textile fabric and clothing manufacturers, and following more environmentally sustainable solutions, a simple methodology for testing and evaluating the release of microfibers from synthetic fabrics has been developed and implemented. Five knitted fabrics made from synthetic fibers, which are often used for sportswear’s production, were selected for this research. The quantities and characteristics of synthetic microfibers, released from synthetic knitted fabrics during washing, were investigated and evaluated. The results of the study showed that consumers wash their clothes often, rarely read product care labels and wash their synthetic clothes with clothing made of other fibers. Synthetic clothes are usually washed using a liquid detergent and without the fabric softener. Most often synthetic clothes are washed for 30 min or 60 min at 40 oC temperature water. After synthetic microfiber analysis, it was found that microfiber quantities and characteristics are highly dependent on the composition of the fabric and the structure of the fibers. The fabric containing polyamide produced the lowest amounts of microfibers, while the fabric made of 90% polyester/10% elastane produced the highest amounts. The longer microfibers were found after the fifth wash compared to the first wash.
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- 2023
37. Green concept implementation in Klaipėda seaport
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Brigita Grauslytė, Audronė Žukauskaitė, and Jūratė Žukauskaitė
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Tvarumas ,Lietuva (Lithuania) ,Emisija ,Uostai ,Aplinkos politika / Environmental policy ,Klaipėda. Klaipėdos kraštas (Klaipeda region) - Abstract
Uostai yra tarptautinės prekybos pagrindas ir pagrindinis globalizacijos rodiklis. Dėl stebimų aplinkos pokyčių ekologiškų uostų veikla tampa vis aktualesnė. Siekdami išvengti negrįžtamų, neigiamų aplinkos pokyčių, uostai diegia Žaliojo uosto koncepciją. Žalioji veikla yra jūrų uostų tendencija visame pasaulyje, o aplinkos valdymas tampa svarbiu šitos uosto veiklos įgyvendinimo veiksniu. 2022 metais Klaipėdos valstybinis uostas parengė ir ėmėsi įgyvendinti Žaliojo uosto koncepciją, taip nubrėždamas gaires tolimesniam darniam uosto vystymuisi. Šios koncepcijos pagrindinis uždavinys ne tik įvertinti KVJU daromą poveikį aplinkai, bet ir numatyti priemones, kaip mažinti daromą poveikį. Šio tyrimo tikslas – remiantis taršos duomenimis, Žaliojo uosto koncepcijoje numatytais veiksmais, pasiūlyti santykinius taršos rodiklius, leidžiančius ateityje geriau įvertinti taikomų aplinkosauginių priemonių veiksmingumą. Reikšminiai žodžiai: ekologiška laivyba, žaliasis uostas, emisijos, tvari uosto plėtra. The article presents the most important environmental priorities of the port and their control in the Klaipėda seaport, which will help reduce environmental problems. So the most important environmental priorities are air quality, energy consumption and noise. Analyzing and mitigating the environmental aspects of the port will allow continuous improvement of environmental management tools, which will help to monitor and evaluate the progress of environmental management in the port. Based on the monitoring data of Klaipėda port, port indicators are monitored and measured, so the port can better control the management, environmental efficiency and general conditions of the port. In order to avoid irreversible, negative environmental changes, ports implement the Green Port concept. Therefore, the analysis of port environmental aspects and the prediction of mitigation opportunities allow for the continuous improvement of environmental management tools that will allow monitoring and evaluation of environmental management progress in various sectors of any global seaport sector. In order to avoid irreversible, negative environmental changes, ports implement the Green Port concept. Therefore, the analysis of environmental aspects of the port and the prediction of mitigation opportunities allow for the continuous improvement of environmental management tools that monitor and evaluate the progress of environmental management in various sectors of any seaport sector in the world. Based on Lithuanian statistics and Klaipėda port data, loading and shipping data of Klaipėda seaport were analyzed and evaluated, but they do not reflect the real situation, so they are presented in relative numbers. In this way, it would be possible to assess not only the overall impact on the environment, but also development trends. The use of relative indicators forces companies to assess the impact on the environment without reducing production activities and to provide measures to reduce that impact. Keywords: Green shipping, green port, emissions, sustainable port development
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- 2023
38. Public Service Obligation Levy in the Context of Energy Sustainability and Security: The Cases of Ireland, Greece, Denmark and Lithuania
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Tomas Karpavicius and Tomas Balezentis
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Technology ,Control and Optimization ,Graikija (Greece) ,Airija (Ireland) ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Case study ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,energy trilemma ,sustainability ,Atvejo analizė ,Energija. Energetika / Energy. Energetics ,Danija (Denmark) ,Tvarumas ,case study ,Lietuva (Lithuania) ,Sustainability ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Energy policy ,Energy trilemma ,energy policy ,Energy (miscellaneous) - Abstract
Energy policy affects the functioning of the economic and financial systems of countries worldwide. This paper provides a theoretical overview of the economy–energy nexus and discusses the particular cases of the energy policy dynamics amid the sustainability goals. This paper integrates multiple perspectives on the energy–economy nexus, with a particular focus on the energy trilemma, 4As of energy security and PESTEL approach. This allows the development of a comprehensive framework for the analysis of energy security and the sustainability interaction. A review of manifestations of the different dimensions of energy security and sustainability is carried out to identify the most topical facets of the issue. Then, the cases of the selected European Union countries (Ireland, Greece, Denmark and Lithuania) are presented to highlight the effects and features of the recent energy policy changes there. Indeed, these countries apply a PSO levy mechanism on electricity tariffs and are diverse in their geopolitical situation, economic development, geographical situation and energy dependency level. The analysis of the situations of such different countries applying the PSO levy mechanism makes it possible to perform a broader and more in-depth assessment and comparison of electricity tariff regulations. Thus, the developed theoretical model is applied to identify the major outcomes of the energy policy regimes (with a focus on tariff regulation) in the selected countries.
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- 2022
39. INTELEKTINIS POTENCIALAS IR INTELEKTINĖ VEIKLA ŠIUOLAIKINĖS VISUOMENĖS GYVENIME: HARMONIJOS, TVARIOS PLĖTROS IR SAUGUMO SIEKIAI.
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MELNIKAS, Borisas
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This theoretical article dealt with the processes of dissemination of aspirations and orientations of harmony, sustainable development, sustainability and security and the processes of changes and development of these orientations based society and its lifestyle, as well as with various circumstances of harmony, sustainability, sustainable development and security. It is shown that the processes of dissemination of aspirations and orientations of harmony, sustainable development, sustainability and security and the processes of changes and development of these orientations based society and its lifestyle, as a whole, is a very important and promising area of the scientific research. The priorities of the processes of dissemination of aspirations and orientations of harmony, sustainable development, sustainability and security, and the processes of changes and development of these orientations based society and its lifestyle are highlighted, the principles of the processes of dissemination of these orientations are revealed. The role and importance of the intellectual potential of a society, of its intensive creation and development, as well as of the activation of intellectual activities in the context of contemporary aspirations and orientations of harmony, sustainable development, sustainability and security are described. It is shown that the processes of dissemination of aspirations and orientations of harmony, sustainable development, sustainability and security, and the processes of changes and development of these orientations based society and its lifestyle, as a whole, creates preconditions to the depth modernization of society and to the implementation of the main goals of harmony, sustainability, sustainable development and security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
40. Linking the employee voice to a more sustainable organisation: the case of Lithuania
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Milita Vienažindienė, Ramunė Čiarnienė, and Rūta Adamonienė
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Strategy and Management ,Yield (finance) ,sustainable organisation ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Management Information Systems ,Tvarumas ,Lietuva (Lithuania) ,Empirical research ,Organization development ,Management of Technology and Innovation ,Tvarus elgesys ,0502 economics and business ,Tvari organizacija ,Marketing ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Sustainable development ,TS155-194 ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Public sector ,Darbuotojai / Workers ,Lithuanian ,sustainability ,language.human_language ,employee voice ,sustainable behaviour ,Sustainability ,language ,Employee voice ,Production management. Operations management ,business ,050203 business & management - Abstract
During the past years, sustainability has become an idea of organisational development. There is a growing trend to focus more not only on yield and economic profit but also on the care for the environment and contribution to the social balance, simultaneously delivering economic, social, and environmental benefits. This paper aims to determine how employee voice can lead to a more sustainable organisation by examining the gap between employee preferences and the current situation. The quantitative method in the form of a survey was used to examine the role of employee voice in the journey towards a more sustainable organisation across different sociodemographic characteristics. Four-hundred-and-twelve complete responses from Lithuanian employees representing different business and public sector organisations were used for analysis. The results of empirical research revealed a significant gap between the employee voice (importance of sustainable behaviour) regarding economic, social and environmental issues and the manifested corresponding sustainable behaviour. The largest interval in values of the employee voice and the current situation was determined in the groups of sustainable environmental behaviour and sustainable economic behaviour.
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- 2021
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41. Inovacijos logistikos versle
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Jucys, Aidas, Budrys, Tadas, Kreišmonienė, Jolanta, and Klaipėdos valstybinė kolegija
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inovacija ,logistics ,tvarumas ,sustainability ,logistika ,innovation - Abstract
Inovacijos visais laikais užėmė reikšmingą vietą versle. Inovacija laikoma būtinu verslumo elementu ir vienu iš pagrindinių verslo sėkmės rodikliu. Straipsnyje analizuojama inovacijos samprata, taikomos inovacijos logistikos srityje bei kokią naudą jos suteikia logistikos verslui Lietuvoje. Kadangi logistikos versle viskas labai dinamiška ir sparčiai kinta, todėl įmonės, norėdamos neatsilikti ir tobulėti, turi diegti ir naudoti įvairius inovatyvius produktus. Išanalizavus taikomas inovacijas logistikos versle, nustatyta, kad logistinės įmonės taiko įvairius modernius ir inovatyvius produktus, leidžiančius tinkamai valdyti krovinių gabenimą, sandėliavimo procesus, mažinti sąnaudas, taupyti laiką, valdyti procesus nuo užsakymo gavimo iki jo išsiuntimo klientui, išvengti klaidų, prisidėti prie tvarumo ir kt., Innovation has always taken a significant place in business. Innovation is considered a necessary element of entrepreneurship and one of the key indicators of business success. The article analyzes the concept of innovation, applied innovations in the field of logistics and what benefits they provide to the logistics business in Lithuania. After analyzing the concept of innovation, it was found that in the scientific literature innovations are defined similarly, only some scientists emphasize the significance of the process, others the technological aspect, the third treats innovation as a phenomenon. Because everything in the logistics business is very dynamic and changing rapidly, companies need to implement and use a variety of innovative products in order to keep up and improve. The analysis of applied innovations in the logistics business shows that logistics companies use a variety of modern and innovative products to properly manage freight, warehousing processes, reduce costs, save time, manage processes from order receipt to shipment to the customer, avoid errors, contribute to sustainability and etc. Companies that implement and take advantage of these innovations increase the efficiency and profitability of their operations.
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- 2022
42. Effects of climate-related matters on financial statements
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Neniškienė, Jolita and Leitonienė, Šviesa
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climate change ,klimato kaita ,financial statements ,rizikos ir galimybės ,risks and opportunities ,tvarumas ,sustainability ,finansinės ataskaitos - Abstract
Climate change affects almost all economic sectors, just the impact of risks differs by sector, organisation, industry, and geography. One of the ways to mitigate climate change is to innovate and adopt financial instruments. Mandatory climate reporting can trigger an improvement in carbon performance because of legislative and societal pressure. Unfortunately, identifying and quantifying climate risks and opportunities seems to be a challenge for companies. The biggest issue for companies is that they have a lack of knowledge and skills to identify what scenarios could seriously disrupt the company‘s operations. Furthermore, there is no dedicated accounting standard related to climate-related matters, which leads to inconsistency in reporting. Just half of the reviewed companies included the results of their scenario analysis in their disclosures. In January, 2021, regulators released new reporting standards set by the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) requiring all commercial companies to develop more effective climate-related financial disclosures. Companies should assess which financial impacts are likely to impact their revenues, expenditures, assets, liabilities, capital and financing. Considering that, the main aim of the research was to develop a methodology to assess climate-related matters’ effects on a company's financial statements. The objectives were created to highlight the issues related to climate change and their effects on financial statements, to analyse theoretical solutions to existing climate-related matters disclosure methods in the financial statements, to develop a methodology to identify climate-related matters disclosed in companies' financial statements, and to empirically investigate the effects of climate-related matters on a selected company’s financial statements and make recommendations for other companies. Identifying risks and opportunities, stress testing, and scenario analysis are ways for a company to imagine plausible future worlds and plan for resilience. The main findings of the research revealed that accounting for climate-related matters is difficult due to uncertainty in calculation approaches. The biggest challenge is to evaluate "rebound effects" when future climate change might reduce energy usage and hence energy costs. Leading to increases in customers' incomes and hence energy consumption. For this purpose, a collaboration between accounting academics and the natural science sectors can mitigate the drawbacks of matters related to climate change disclosures in financial statements; otherwise, the matching of physical and monetary data should only be treated as an approximation. A deeper examination of the facts, however, reveals that some companies tend to report just because of ecological modernisation, which is nothing more than "greenwashing". Other companies just ignore measurements entirely. The research involved qualitative information to identify specific risk and opportunity areas affecting a company, supported where possible by high-level quantitative assessments to offer insight into how climate-related risks and opportunities may affect a company’s existing and future financial statement line items. Future research can contribute to finding more systematic tools, allowing companies of all sizes and in different sectors to adapt data from different scientific research fields and studies., Klimato kaitos poveikis turi įtakos daugeliui ekonomikos sektorių, tik rizikos dydis skiriasi priklausomai nuo organizacijos, pramonės, geografijos ir sektoriaus. Vienas iš galimų būdų kaip sušvelninti klimato kaitą yra pasitelkiant inovatyvias finansines priemones. Visuomenės spaudimas ir įstatymai reglamentuojantys klimato kaitą, gali prisidėti prie privalomo klimato ataskaitų teikimo ir prie spartesnio išmetamo anglies dioksido sumažinimo. Deja, rizikos ir galimybių nustatymas kylantis dėl klimato kaitos ir jų kiekybinis įvertinimas, vis dar yra iššūkis daugeliui įmonių. Didžiausia įmonių problema yra ta, kad joms trūksta žinių ir įgūdžių nustatyti, kokie scenarijai gali rimtai sutrikdyti įmonės veiklą. Be to, nesant dedikuotų apskaitos standartų klimato kaitai apskaityti, ataskaitų teikimas tampa nenuoseklus. Tyrimai parodė, kad tik pusė iš tirtų įmonių, savo pateiktose ataskaitose įtraukė su klimato kaita susijusių scenarijų analizes. 2021 m. sausio mėn. išleidus naujus ataskaitų teikimo standartus, susijusius su finansinės informacijos atskleidimo darbo grupės (TCFD) rekomendacijomis, visos komercinės įmonės turi pradėti rengti veiksmingesnias klimato kaitos finansines ataskaitas. Jomis siekiama, kad įmonės įvertintų, koks finansinis poveikis gali turėti įtakos jų pajamoms, išlaidoms, turtui, įsipareigojimams, kapitalui ir finansavimui. Atsižvelgiant į tai, pagrindinis tyrimo tikslas buvo sukurti motodiką, leidžiančią įvertinti klimato poveikį įmonės finansinėms ataskaitoms. Tyrimo uždaviniai - atkreipti dėmesį į su klimato kaita susijusias problemas ir jų poveikį finansinėms ataskaitoms, išanalizuoti esamų metodų klimato poveikiui įvertinti finansinėse ataskaitose teorinius sprendimus, sukurti metodiką, leidžiančią nustatyti klimato poveikį įmonių finansinėse ataskaitose, bei atlikti vertinimą kaip klimato kaita veikia pasirinktos įmonės finansines ataskaitas ir pateikti rekomendacijas kitoms įmonėms. Rizikų ir galimybių nustatymas, "stress testing" ir scenarijų analizė yra būdai, kurių pagalba įmonė gali modeliuoti ateitį ir tam pasiruošti. Pagrindinės tyrimo išvados atskleidė, kad apskaita susijusi su klimato kaita yra sudėtinga dėl skaičiavimo metodų neapibrėžtumo. Didžiausias iššūkis yra įvertinti „grąžos efektą“, kai dėl klimato kaitos švelninimo sumažėja energijos suvartojimas, o tuo pačiu ir energijos sąnaudos. Vedant prie to, kad didėja vartotojų pajamos, o tuo pačiu ir energijos vartojimas. Šiuo tikslu apskaitos ir gamtos mokslų sektoriai turi dirbti išvien, tam kad sumažintų trūkumus ir prisidėtų prie skaidresnių finansinių ataskaitų teikimo. Kitu atveju, fizinių ir finansinių duomenų įvertinimas, turėtų būti skaičiuojamas tik apytiksliai. Išsamesni tyrimai atskleidė, kad yra įmonių, kurios yra linkusios pateikti duomenis tik dėl ekologiškumo tendencijų, o tai yra ne kas kita, kaip „greenwashing“. Dėl šių priežasčių, kitos įmonės tiesiog visiškai ignoruoja matavimus. Kokybinis tyrimas buvo atliktas, siekiant nustatyti konkrečias rizikų ir galimybių sritis, kurios gali paveikti esamus ir būsimus įmonės finansinių ataskaitų straipsnius. Ateityje atliekami tyrimai gali padėti atrasti konkretesnių įrankių, leidžiančių skirtingo dydžio ir sektorių įmonėms pritaikyti duomenis iš skirtingų mokslinių tyrimų sričių ir studijų.
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- 2022
43. Tvarumo raiška mados prekių vartotojų elgsenoje
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Vaidelinskaitė, Šarūnė and Banytė, Jūratė
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mados prekės ,fashion products ,vartotojų elgsena ,consumer behaviour ,tvarumas ,sustainability - Abstract
2015 m. Jungtinių Tautų susitikime iškelti darnaus vystymosi tikslai atskleidė, jog dabartinių ir būsimų kartų gerovė nėra įmanoma be tvarumo sąlygos. Prasidėjusi COVID-19 pandemija sukėlė dar daugiau neigiamo poveikio aplinkai. Tiek per mažas progresas, siekiant darnaus vystymosi tikslų, tiek pasaulinės pandemijos pasekmės patvirtina tvarumo klausimo aktualumą šių dienų kontekste. Efektyvus jo sprendimas įmanomas tuomet, kai dėmesys skiriamas sritims, sukeliančioms didžiausią neigiamą poveikį tvarumo atžvilgiu. Viena iš jų – mados industrija, kurioje vykdomos netvarios veiklos padariniai yra akivaizdūs ir gerai žinomi. Nors tvari pasiūla šioje industrijoje nuolat auga, svarbios ne tik įmonių, bet ir vartotojų pastangos, todėl siekiant tvarios mados industrijos plėtros, svarbu pažinti mados prekių vartotojų elgseną. Tvarios mados tema jau ne kartą buvo nagrinėta ankstesnių tyrėjų, o vartotojų elgsena yra iki šiol plačiausiai analizuotas tyrimų laukas (Mukendi, Davies, Glozer ir McDonagh, 2020). Vis dėlto, nepaisant didelio tyrimų skaičiaus, pastebėta, jog didesnė dalis jų nagrinėja tik vartotojų ketinimą įsigyti tvarios mados prekes, o ne faktinę jų elgseną. Pastaraisiais metais atlikti tyrimai, nagrinėjantys egzistuojantį skirtumą tarp tvarios mados prekių vartotojų požiūrio ir elgsenos (Wiederhold ir Martinez, 2018; Jung, Choi ir Oh, 2020), rodo, jog vartotojų ketinimas nebūtinai tampa veiksmu. Tuo remiantis, baigiamajame magistro projekte formuluojamas klausimas: kokių veiksnių vaidmens pažinimas leidžia paaiškinti faktinę tvarios mados prekių vartotojų elgseną, t. y. jų įsigijimą? Pagrindiniai projekto rezultatai. Remiantis atlikta moksline literatūros analize, buvo parengtas konceptualus tvarumo raiškos mados prekių vartotojų elgsenoje modelis. Empiriniam modelio pagrindimui buvo pasirinktas tvarių drabužių įsigijimo kontekstas. Tyrimui atlikti naudota internetinė apklausa, kurioje dalyvavo esami tvarių drabužių vartotojai. Iš viso buvo surinkta 285 respondentų atsakymai, o 218 iš jų buvo tinkami tolesnei analizei. Atliekant faktorinę analizę aprašomosios normos išsiskyrė į artimas ir visuomenines aprašomąsias. Koreliacijos analizės rezultatai atskleidė, jog estetinės vertybės nėra statistiškai reikšmingai susijusios su požiūriu į tvarius drabužius ir ketinimu juos įsigyti, o socialinio identiteto vertybės – su nei vienu iš nagrinėjamų konstruktų. Dėl šios priežasties minėtų kintamųjų kaip ryšio tarp ketinimo įsigyti tvarius drabužius ir jų įsigijimo moderatorių vaidmuo nebuvo tikrinamas. Atlikus tiesinės regresijos analizę, nustatyta, jog požiūris į tvarius drabužius daro tiesioginę įtaką ketinimui juos įsigyti, o šis – tiesioginę įtaką tvarių drabužių įsigijimui. Be to, atskleista, jog požiūris į tvarius drabužius nedaro tiesioginės įtakos jų įsigijimui, tačiau veikia jį netiesiogiai per ketinimą įsigyti. Artimų aprašomųjų, visuomeninių aprašomųjų ir įsakomųjų normų bei utilitarinių vertybių moderuojanti įtaka ryšiui tarp ketinimo įsigyti tvarius drabužius ir jų įsigijimo nebuvo patvirtinta. Be to buvo patikrinta minėtų veiksnių įtaka požiūrio į tvarius drabužius, ketinimo juos įsigyti bei jų įsigijimo konstruktams, kuri nebuvo numatyta konceptualiame modelyje. Tiesinės regresijos analizės rezultatai atskleidė, jog įsakomosios normos daro tiesioginę įtaką požiūriui į tvarius drabužius ir ketinimui juos įsigyti, o utilitarinės vertybės – požiūriui į tvarius drabužius. Tvarių drabužių įsigijimo sąsajoms su vartotojų jautrumu kainai, jų sąmoningumu madai, polinkiu apsipirkti internetu bei teikiamos pirmenybės drabužių ilgaamžiškumui patikrinti buvo atliktas neparametrinis Mann-Whitney U testas. Remiantis gautais rezultatais nustatyta, jog tvarių drabužių įsigijimas statistiškai reikšmingai skiriasi tik priklausomai nuo vartotojų teikiamos pirmenybės ilgaamžiškumui., Set out in 2015, the Sustainable Development Goals have shown that the well-being of the present and future generations is not possible without the condition of sustainability. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has had an even greater negative impact on the environment. Both the lack of progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals and the consequences of the global pandemic confirm the relevance of the sustainability issue in today's context. The consequences of unsustainable practices in fashion industry are obvious and well known. Although the supply of sustainable products in this industry is constantly growing, the efforts of not only companies but also consumers are relevant, so knowing the behaviour of fashion products consumers is important for the sustainable development of the fashion industry. The topic of sustainable fashion has been explored time and again by previous researchers, and consumer behaviour is by far the most widely studied field of research (Mukendi, Davies, Glozer, and McDonagh, 2020). However, despite the large number of studies, it has been observed that most of them examine only the intention of consumers to purchase sustainable fashion products and not their actual behaviour, although consumer intention does not necessarily become an action. On this basis, the question formulates in this final master’s thesis: what factor role recognition allows to explain the actual behaviour of fashion products consumers, i.e., their purchase? Main results of the project. Based on the performed scientific analysis of the literature, a conceptual model of aspect of sustainability in the behaviour of fashion products consumers was developed. The context of the purchasing of sustainable clothing was chosen for the empirical justification of the model. The study used an online survey of existing consumers of sustainable clothing. A total of 285 responses were collected of which 218 were suitable for further analysis. In the factor analysis, the descriptive norms differed into close and societal descriptive ones. The results of the correlation analysis revealed that aesthetic values are not statistically significantly related to attitude towards sustainable clothing and their purchase intention, and conspicuous values are not related to any of the constructs examined. For this reason, the moderating role of these variables on a relationship between sustainable clothing purchase intention and their purchase behaviour has not been examined. A linear regression analysis has shown that attitude towards sustainable clothing have an impact on their purchase intention, and this has an impact on their purchase behaviour. Furthermore, it is revealed that attitude towards sustainable clothing does not directly affect their purchase behaviour but affects it indirectly through their purchase intention. The moderating influence of close descriptive, societal descriptive and injunctive norms and utilitarian values on the relationship between sustainable clothing purchase intention and their purchase behaviour has not been confirmed. Also, the influence of the above variables on attitude towards sustainable clothing, their purchase intention and their purchase behaviour was also examined. The results revealed that injunctive norms have an influence on attitude towards sustainable clothing and their purchase intention, while utilitarian values affect attitude towards sustainable clothing only. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test results showed that sustainable clothing purchase behaviour differs statistically significantly only depending on the consumer's preference for durability.
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- 2022
44. Suvokiamo žaliojo smegenų plovimo poveikis tvaraus vartojimo elgsenai atsižvelgiant į vartotojų materializmo lygį
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Gaškienė, Beatričė and Šeinauskienė, Beata
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materializmas ,materialism ,žaliasis smegenų plovimas ,greenwashing ,tvarumas ,sustainability - Abstract
Tvarumas yra vienas pagrindinių komponentų siekiant geresnės ateities. Žmonės yra priklausomi nuo gamtos resursų, todėl tvarumo ignoravimas gali atvesti prie jų išsekimo. Tvarių prekių pirkimas, tvarus prekių naudojimas ir atsikratymas jomis tampa vis populiaresnis ne tik tarp vartotojų, bet ir tyrėjų tarpe. Vartotojai linkę pasirinkti tvaresnį gyvenimo būdą, jie vis dažniau atkreipia dėmesį į perkamą produkciją, pirmenybę teikia etiškoms ir tvarioms įmonėms, ekologiškai pažymėtiems produktams, taip pat nelieka abejingi elektros ir vandens taupymui bei atliekų rūšiavimui (Abrahamse ir Steg, 2009; Concari et al., 2020; Kaiser, 2006; Lasuin ir Ching, 2014; Szegedi, 2021). Tvaraus vartojimo elgsenos siekiantys vartotojai susiduria su trukdžiais, tokiais kaip žaliasis smegenų plovimas, kuris klaidina vartotojo prekės pasirinkimą. Pickett-Baker‘is ir Ozaki‘is (2008) teigia, jog dauguma vartotojų negeba atskirti paprastų produktų nuo ekologiškų ar tvarių, taip yra todėl, kad įmonės naudoja klaidinančius arba neteisingus teiginius, sukurdami iliuziją, jog jų perduodami produktai yra tvarūs (Chang 2015). Neigiamos žaliojo smegenų plovimo pasekmės tvaraus vartojimo elgsenai paskatino tyrėjus atkreipti dėmesį į šį ryšį. Braga Junior‘as et al. (2019) nustatė, jog vartotojai, suvokę, jog yra veikiami žaliojo smegenų plovimo jaučiasi pasimetę, kai reikia pasirinkti tvarų produktą, taip pat jaučia nepasitikėjimą ir nepasitenkinimą tvariais produktais. Nguyen‘a et al. (2019) nustatė, kad vartotojai, veikiami žaliojo smegenų plovimo linkę skeptiškai nusiteikti dėl tvarių produktų realistiškumo. Remiantis vertybių, įsitikinimų, normų teorija vartotojų požiūris į tvaraus vartojimo elgseną veikiamas ne tik įsitikinimų, tokių kaip suvokiamas žaliasis smegenų plovimas, bet ir vartotojo turimų ir puoselėjamų vertybių, tokių kaip materializmas. Vartotojo kasdienybėje materializmas pasireiškia įvairių daiktų troškimu. Vertybių sistema grįsta materialiniais interesais skatina priešingą elgseną, nei tvarus vartojimas (Hurst et al. 2013). Įmonių vykdomas žaliasis smegenų plovimas (tiek pačios įmonės, tiek jos parduodamo produkto lygmenyje) yra nukreiptas į vartotojo materialinias vertybes, siekiant įtikinti, jog prisidėti prie tvaraus vartojimo įmanoma tik tuomet, jei yra perkama produkcija. Vartotojų materializmas tampa vis dažnesne tyrėjų dėmesio sulaukiančia tema (Antiniene et al., 2021; Evers et al., 2018; Kasser, 2018; Kilbourne ir Pickett, 2008; Rustagi ir Shrum, 2018; Shrum et al., 2014; Sreen et al., 2020). Dong‘o et al. (2018) atliktas tyrimas parodė, kad meilė materialiam turtui daro teigiamą įtaką tvariam vartojimui, nes vartotojai yra linkę prižiūrėti ir rūpintis savo branginamu turtu, taip prailgindami jų naudojimo laikotarpį. Kilbourne‘ė ir Pickett‘as (2008) teigia, jog materialinės vertybės yra įsisenėjusios ir vartotojai yra labiau linkę teikti prioritetą materialinėms vertybėms, nei tvariam vartojimui. Mokslinės literatūros apžvalga atskleidė, jog suvokiamas žaliasis smegenų plovimas ir iš jo kylančios pasekmės daro neigiamą įtaką vartotojų tvaraus vartojimo elgsenai. Taip pat vartotojas rinkdamasis tvarią prekę susiduria su tvarumo ir materializmo vertybių konfliktu. Literatūros apžvalga implikuoja, kad materializmas galėtų būti ryšio, tarp suvokiamo žaliojo smegenų plovimo bei iš jo kylančių pasekmių ir tvaraus vartojimo elgsenos, moderatorius, atskleidžiantis konstruktų sąsajų modelį. Atliktas empirinis tyrimas atskleidė, kad suvokiamas žaliasis smegenų plovimas įmonės lygmenyje yra neigiamai susijęs su tvaraus vartojimo elgsena bei tvariu prekių naudojimu ir priežiūra, t.y. kuo labiau vartotojas linkęs suvokti žaliąjį smegenų plovimą, tuo mažiau linkęs tvariai vartoti bei tvariai naudoti ir prižiūrėti turimą turtą. Nustatyta, jog vartotojai, suvokę, jog yra veikiami žaliojo smegenų plovimo dažniau jaučiasi pasimetę ir skeptiški, t.y. vartotojai turintys stiprų įsitikinimą, jog yra veikiami žaliojo smegenų plovimo jaučia stipresnį pasimetimą ir skepticizmą tvarumui. Taip pat nustatyta, jog suvokiamas žaliasis smegenų plovimas produkto lygmenyje teigiamai susijęs tiek su pasimetimu, tiek su skepticizmu, tačiau suvokiamas žaliasis smegenų plovimas įmonės lygmenyje teigiamai susijęs tik su skepticizmu. Empirinio tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kad tiek pasimetimas, tiek skepticizmas yra susiję su tvariu prekių naudojimu ir priežiūra, tačiau nėra susiję su tvarių prekių įsigijimu. Taip pat empirinio tyrimo metu neaptikta reikšmingo moderuojančio materializmo efekto tarp suvokiamo žaliojo smegenų plovimo ir tvaraus vartojimo elgsenos. Todėl tolimesniuose tyrimuose būtų galima naudoti smulkesnes materializmo skales dimensijas, tokias kaip materialaus centriškumo, materializmo, kaip laimės paieškos, materializmo, kaip sėkmės rodiklio skales (Richins ir Dawson, 1992), šios skalės leidžia detaliau ištirti vartotojų materialines vertybes bei jų įtaką suvokiamo žaliojo smegenų plovimo ir tvaraus vartojimo elgsenos ryšiui. Tolesniuose tyrimuose tikslinga pasitelkti eksperimento tyrimų dizainą, bei pasitelkti konkrečius žaliojo smegenų plovimo atvejus, siekiant įsigilinti į vartotojų nuomonę bei jausmus., Sustainability is one of the key components for a better future. People are dependent on natural resources, so ignoring sustainability can lead to their depletion. The purchase, use and disposal of sustainable goods is becoming increasingly popular not only among consumers but also among researchers. Consumers tend to adopt a more sustainable lifestyle, increasingly focusing on the products they buy, prefering ethical and sustainable businesses, eco-labeled products, and remaining indifferent to saving electricity and water and sorting waste (Abrahamse and Steg 2009; Concari et al. 2020; Kaiser 2006; Lasuin and Ching 2014; Szegedi 2021). Consumers seeking sustainable consumption behaviors face barriers, such as greenwashing, which mislead the consumer when choosing a product. Pickett-Baker and Ozaki (2008) argue that most consumers are unable to distinguish simple products from organic or sustainable ones, because companies use misleading or incorrect claims to create the illusion that the products, they transmit are sustainable (Chang, 2015). The negative effects of greenwashing on sustainable consumption behaviors have prompted researchers to pay attention to this relationship. Braga Junior et al. (2019) found that consumers who perceive being exposed to greenwashing feel confused when it comes to choosing a sustainable product, as well as feel distrust and dissatisfaction with sustainable products. Nguyen et al. (2019) found that consumers exposed to greenwashing tend to be skeptical about the realism of sustainable products. According to the values-belief-norms theory, consumers attitude toward sustainable consumption behavior are influenced not only by beliefs such as perceived greenwashing, but also by the values the consumer possesses and cherishes, such as materialism. In the everyday life of the consumer, materialism manifests itself in the desire for various things. A value system based on material interests encourages behavior opposite to sustainable consumption (Hurst et al., 2013). Greenwashing by companies (both at the level of the company itself and at the level of the product it sells) is geared to the materialistic values of the consumer, to convince them that contributing to sustainable consumption is only possible if products are purchased. Consumer materialism is becoming an increasingly important topic for researchers (Antiniene et al., 2021; Evers et al., 2018; Kasser, 2018; Kilbourne and Pickett, 2008; Rustagi and Shrum, 2018; Shrum et al., 2014; Sreen et al., 2020). A study by Dong et al. (2018) found that love of tangible assets has a positive effect on sustainable consumption because consumers tend to care for their cherished assets, thus extending their lifetime. Kilbourne and Pickett (2008) argue that materialistic values are deeply embedded and that consumers are more likely to prioritize materialistic values than sustainable consumption. A review of the scientific literature has revealed that perceived green greenwashing and its consequences have a negative impact on consumers sustainable consumption behavior. The consumer also faces a conflict of values between sustainability and materialism when choosing a sustainable product. A review of the literature implies that materialism could be a moderator of the relationship between perceived greenwashing and its consequences and sustainable consumption behaviors, revealing a model of construct interfaces. An empirical study has revealed that perceived greenwashing at the firm level is negatively associated with sustainable consumption behavior and the sustainable use and care of goods. The more the consumer tends to be aware of greenwashing, less likely they are to be sustainable. Consumers who perceive being exposed to greenwashing have been found to be more likely to feel confused and skeptical. Consumers with a strong belief that they are being exposed to greenwashing feel stronger confusion and skepticism about sustainability. Perceived greenwashing at the product level is positively associated with both confusion and skepticism, but perceived greenwashing at the firm level is positively associated only with skepticism. The results of the empirical study revealed that both confusion and skepticism are related to the sustainable use and care of goods but are not related to the acquisition of sustainable goods. Also, the empirical study did not find a significant moderating effect of materialism between perceived greenwashing and sustainable consumption behaviors. Therefore, further research could use smaller dimensions of materialism scales, such as the scales of material centrality, materialism as a search for happiness, materialism as an indicator of success (Richins and Dawson, 1992), these scales allow for detailed examination of consumers materialistic values and their influence on the link between greenwashing and sustainable consumption behaviors. In further research, it is appropriate to use the design of experimental research, as well as to use specific cases of greenwashing, to delve into the opinions and feelings of consumers.
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- 2022
45. Migration of Highly Qualified Workers and Policies to Ensure Labour Market Sustainability in the European Union in 2013-2014.
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Janavičiūtė, Laura, Telešienė, Audronė, and Barynienė, Jurgita
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LABOR market , *EMPLOYMENT policy , *IMMIGRATION policy , *TWENTY-first century , *ECONOMIC policy ,ECONOMIC conditions in the European Union - Abstract
European Union is facing challenges of ageing societies and changes in structure of economy, thus labour shortages turn into an urgent issue that ultimately affects labour market sustainability. In its attempt to recruit highly qualified workers EU has strong international competitors, e.g. USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and pursues a variety of initiatives at national level of the Member States and at the EU level in general. This article aims at assessing the EU policies related to migration of highly qualified workers. Statistical data analysis has revealed that labour mobility is increasing in EU. Thus the EU Mobility directive could be evaluated as bringing benefits, yet with a room for improvement, because highly qualified workers still make up just a small part in all the mobile citizens' population. National initiatives are more effective in fostering the migration of highly qualified workers, but this has the threat of unequal benefits in different EU regions; the effectiveness of EU Blue Card initiative is weak but with a high potential, thus it needs further improvements in its issuing policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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- View/download PDF
46. SUSTAINABILITY AND RESILIENCE IN THE REHABILITATION OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURES AFTER AN EXTREME EVENT: AN INTEGRATED APPROACH.
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Giunta, Marinella
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NATURAL disasters ,ROAD maintenance ,LIFE cycle costing ,ECOLOGICAL resilience ,SUSTAINABLE development ,PHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Baltic Journal of Road & Bridge Engineering (Baltic Journal of Road & Bridge Engineering) is the property of Baltic Journal of Road & Bridge Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2017
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47. MODERN TRENDS IN ROAD NETWORK DEVELOPMENT IN RURAL AREAS.
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Krupowicz, Wioleta, Sobolewska-Mikulska, Katarzyna, and Burinskienė, Marija
- Abstract
Copyright of Baltic Journal of Road & Bridge Engineering (Baltic Journal of Road & Bridge Engineering) is the property of Baltic Journal of Road & Bridge Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Predictors of (un)sustainable and multimodal commuting in Kaunas
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Vitkauskaitė-Ramanauskienė, Jonė
- Subjects
Elgsena ,Mobility ,Tvarumas ,Lietuva (Lithuania) ,Sustainability ,Judumas ,Behaviour ,Aplinka. Aplinkosauga / Environment. Environmental protection ,Kaunas. Kauno kraštas (Kaunas region) ,Darbas / Labour. Work - Abstract
Tyrime analizuojami Kaune dirbančių asmenų judumo elgseną į darbą prognozuojantys išoriniai (atstumas nuo namų iki darbo ir viešojo transporto stotelės), socioekonominiai (amžius, lytis, išsilavinimas, pajamos, gyvenimas su nepilnamečiais asmenimis, prieiga prie automobilio) ir sociopsichologiniai (nuostatos, subjektyvios socialinės normos, suvokta elgesio kontrolė) veiksniai. Tyrimo metu buvo vykdoma apklausa (n = 228; iš jų – 74,1 % moterų, 25,9 % vyrų, amžiaus vidurkis – 39,52). Atlikta daugianarė logistinė regresinė analizė, kurios rezultatai atskleidė, kad judumo elgseną į darbą prognozuoja aplinkosauginės nuostatos bemotorio transporto ir ėjimo pėsčiomis atžvilgiu, suvokta elgesio kontrolė viešojo transporto atžvilgiu, instrumentinės nuostatos automobilio ir viešojo transporto atžvilgiu ir prieiga prie automobilio. Tyrimas suteikia naudingos informacijos apie tai, kokio tipo tvarų judumą į darbą skatinančios priemonės gali būti efektyvios Kauno mieste. Raktažodžiai: tvarus judumas, keliavimas į darbą, aplinkosauginė elgsena. The study analyses the external (distance from home to work and a public transport stop), socio-economic (age, gender, education, income, living with minors, access to a car), and socio-psychological (attitudes, subjective social norms, perceived behavioural control) predictors of the commuting behaviour of persons working in the city of Kaunas. During the study, an online survey was conducted, which was filled out by 228 respondents (of whom 169 (74.1%) women, 59 (25.9%) men; the respondents’ average age 39.52 years). A multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed, the results of which revealed that commuting behaviour was predicted by environmental attitudes towards non-motorised transport and walking, perceived behavioural control towards public transport, instrumental attitudes towards the car and public transport, and access to a car. The study provides useful information about the type of measures promoting sustainable commuting that can be effective in the city of Kaunas. Keywords: sustainable mobility, commuting to work, environmental behaviour.
- Published
- 2022
49. Green marketing impact on perceived brand value in different generations
- Author
-
Aleksas Jančaitis and Justinas Kisieliauskas
- Subjects
Tvarumas ,Lietuva (Lithuania) ,Rinka. Rinkodara / Market. Marketing ,Vartotojai / Consumers - Abstract
In today's world, there is more and more discussions of high production and sales volumes and the abundant global consumption it generates. At the international level, environmental consciousness is beginning to escalate both among businesses and among ordinary consumers. Thus, to find out what marketing activities can help attract different consumers to build a green brand, the research problem arises: what impact does green marketing have on the perceived value of the brand by consumers? Research object: the impact of green marketing on the perception of the brand value of X and Y generation consumers in Lithuanian market. Research aim is to theoretically analyze the concept of green marketing, its components, development, and previous research on the impact of green marketing on the perceived brand value of consumers and to conduct an empirical study to develop green marketing mix recomendations making an impact on perceived brand value of X and Y generations in Lithuania. To achieve the set goals and test the set hypotheses, the research will use two research methods: a questionnaire survey and a semi-structured interview with green marketing experts and green business representatives. Three research hypotheses were made: price is the factor, influencing consumers of generation X more, than generation Y; generation Y consumers are more interested in green products; environmental awareness of brands has less influence on generation X than to generation Y. Keywords: environmental consciousness; green marketing; greenwashing; brand value; sustainability.
- Published
- 2022
50. The Interaction between agricultural and environmental sustainability in Lithuania: a review
- Author
-
Bužinskienė, Rita and Miceikienė, Astrida
- Subjects
Tvarumas ,Žemės ūkis / Agriculture ,Lietuva (Lithuania) ,Sustainability ,Interactions ,Agriculture ,Sąveikos ,Aplinka. Aplinkosauga / Environment. Environmental protection - Abstract
This paper discusses the interactions between agricultural activities and environmental sustainability in Lithuania. This study focuses on two research problems: what is the interaction of agricultural activities for environmental sustainability; and what are preference sets of measures for environmental protection in agriculture. Literature review regarding trends in agriculture to the environment shows the relationship with negative affects. The interactions between agricultural activities and the environment are expressed as a negative impact in the fact for the too-high use of fertilization of nitrogen and phosphorus causes eutrophication of groundwater and terrestrial ecosystems. Overuse of irrigation causes salinization of the soil and the destruction of freshwater ecosystems. Chemical inputs expressed by the use of pesticides cause the loss of biodiversity. Irresponsible use of mechanized machinery has an effect on climate air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, it is very important to apply a set of measures for environmental protection to agricultural activities. The results of the paper are useful for further research for „European Green Deal“ energy development. Key words: Agricultural Activities, Environment Sustainability, Interactions.
- Published
- 2022
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