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Introduction: The reaction of the hemopoietic system caused by different stimuli has been studied by controlling the leukocytes, the blood smears and the 3 H-thymidine labelling index. Material and Methods: 3 H-thymidine was applicated to male wistar rats in a dosage of 5 µCi/g body weight. One group got the thymidine 24 hrs before stimulation (prelabelling) and the second group after stimulation 1 hr before sacrificing the animals (post-labelling). Vascular damages (experimental arterial hypertension and ligature of veins followed by thrombosis), injection of streptolysine, fracture of bone and emotional stress, caused by hanging up the animals isolated in cages, were used as stimuli. The 3 H-thymidine labelling index of stimulated animals was compared with the index of a normal control group. Results and Discussion: Vascular stimuli did not produce an enlargement of the 3 H-thymidine labelling index of mononuclears over the normal level. On the other hand stimuli as fracture of bone, injection of streptolysine and emotional stress were followed by an enormous enlargement of the 3 H-thymidine labelling index of the mononuclears 2 to 4 days after stimulation, while the number of leukocytes and differentiation of blood smear did not show significant reactions of the hemopoetic system: The absolute number of leukocytes or mononuclears in the blood remained constant. The reaction of the hemopoietic system only could be diagnosed by 3 H-thymidine labelling. In our opinion the difference between the results—on the one hand the constant number of leukocytes and the unchanged smears, on the other hand the enormous enlarged number of labelled mononuclears—is only to be explained by the assumption that the same number of mononuclears immigrating out of the hemopoietic systems into the blood vessels leave the blood vessels again in the same time. Histological investigations showed that the mononuclears, which are leaving the blood vessels, immigrate in tissue and that some of these cells are able to transform themselves to mesenchymal cells producing ground substance and fibers.

In 102 patients transcutaneous right brachial artery catheterizations were performed. The sequelae of the brachial artery lesion were investigated 22.43 +/- 22.26 months after catheterization, and data obtained by bilateral Doppler ultrasound technique, oscillography, and strain gauge plethysmography were compared. In ten patients minor obstructions of peripheral blood flow were noted. One patients suffered from longer-lasting ischemic symptoms, which were successfully treated with drugs. In another case an embolectomy had to be performed with an almost complete relief of the obstruction. In our view, the transcutaneous approach may be preferred to the dissection of the artery because the procedure is followed by a low incidence of sequelae for the patient and saves time for the investigator. The rate of obstruction to peripheral flow in our study was lower, in comparison to controls than after dissection of the brachial artery as reported in the literature.

In 203 patients with clinical symptoms of coronary artery disease, cardiac and extracardiac side effects of the dipyridamole test were investigated. Following dipyridamole (0.75 mg/kg body wt. i.v.), heart rate increased significantly, whereas arterial blood pressure remained almost constant. Dyspnea was noted in 80 cases (40.5%). In 48 patients (23.6%) rhythm disturbances were recorded; 58.1% suffered from extracardiac side effects such as congestion in the head, vertigo, heaviness of arms and legs, sensations of heat, upper abdominal pain, and nausea. A detailed report is given of 4 cases with extraordinary symptoms during or after the injection of dipyridamole. A life-threatening status anginosus with dyspnea, ST-segment elevation, and cardiac arrhythmia was observed in one of these cases. High-dose dipyridamole cannot be considered to be harmless. The test should not be performed without continuous ECG monitoring and other safety measures.

Zur medikamentosen Prophylaxe und Therapie der Angina pectoris werden heute vorwiegend Vasodilatatoren, Betarezeptorenblocker und Calciumantagonisten eingesetzt. Das neuentwickelte Koronartherapeutikum KC 046 ist eine chemische Verbindung zwischen einem Nitrat und dem Purinderivat Theophyllin. Wir verwendeten dieses Pharmakon im Rahmen diagnostischer Herzkatheteruntersuchungen bei Koronarkranken mit dem Ziel, Erfahrungen uber den Einflus von KC 046 auf Anderungen des Herzkranzgefasdurchmessers und der linksventrikularen Funktion zu sammeln. Das intravenos applizierte Medikament wurde grundsatzlich von allen Patienten gut toleriert, lediglich in einem Fall kam es zu einem Blutdruckabfall, der Behandlungsmasnahmen notwendig erscheinen lies.

Bindegewebszellen reagieren auf Schadigungen unterschiedlichster Art mit einer auserordentlich heftigen und schnellen Acceleration des Sulfomucopolysaccharidstoffwechsels und ebenso erheblich, jedoch etwas verzogert, mit einer Steigerung des Kollagenstoffwechsels (2, 4). Die Moglichkeit, die Proliferationstendenz von Zellen durch eine stabile Zellkernmarkierung mit 3H-Thymidin in autoradiografischen zytologischen und histologischen Praparaten darzustellen, zeigte, das auch der Teilungsstoffwechsel mesenchymaler Zellen gegenuber verschiedenen Noxen sehr empfindlich reagiert (1, 3, 6). In den vorliegenden Untersuchungen soll dem Einflus einer ausschlieslich vaskularen Schadigung auf die Proliferation von Gefaswandzellen nachgegangen werden.

Immunsuppressiva werden seit Jahren mit Erfolg an der Klinik eingesetzt. Ihre Anwendung unterliegt aber, nicht zuletzt seit den Untersuchungen von Schmahl u. Mitarb. [7], einer zunehmenden Kritik. Trotz der abwagbaren und nicht abwagbaren Risiken mochten wir in der Klinik bei einer Reihe von Erkrankungen, denen ein immunologischer bzw. autoimmunologischer Prozes zugrunde gelegt wird, nicht auf den kritischen Einsatz der Immunsuppressiva verzichten. Um bessere Masstabe fur die Anwendung von Immunsuppressive zu finden, versuchen wir in vergleichenden experimentellen Untersuchungen die allgemeincytostatische, die mesenchymsuppressive und die immunsuppressive Wirkung derartiger Substanzen zu bestimmen und zu differenzieren [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 91.

Die unverzugliche und auserordentlich heftige Reaktion mesenchymaler Zellen auf verschiedene Reizeinwirkungen wurde in ausfuhrlichen Untersuchungen an der Synthesesteigerung von Sulfomucopolysacchariden und von Kollagen nachgewiesen und fur die Pathogenese primar im Bindegewebe lokalisierter Erkrankungen, wie z. B. die Arteriosklerose, als initiales pathologisches Geschehen erkannt [5, 7].