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8 results on '"UE Entomologie (INRA)"'

1. Organic farming positively affects honeybee colonies in a flower‐poor period in agricultural landscapes

Author

Joël Chadœuf, Vincent Bretagnolle, Jean-François Odoux, Dimitry Wintermantel, Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UE Entomologie (INRA), Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes (GALF), LTER 'Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre', Abeilles, Paysages, Interactions et Systèmes de culture (APIS), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biostatistique et Processus Spatiaux (BioSP), Article issu d'une thèse en cofinancement Inra/Région Poitou-Charentes, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Apiary, honey production, rapeseed, Biology, honeybee, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pollinator, organic farming, Cover crop, 2. Zero hunger, spatial scale, Ecology, business.industry, Intensive farming, Agroforestry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, worker brood, 15. Life on land, floral resources, Brood, Agriculture, Melliferous flower, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Organic farming, agricultural intensification, business
Abstract

International audience; 1. Conventional farming has been implicated in global biodiversity and pollinatordeclines and organic farming is often regarded as a more ecological alternative.However, the effects of organic farming on honeybees remain elusive, despitehoneybees’ importance as pollinators of crops and wild plants.2. Using 6 years of data from a large‐scale study with fortnightly measurements ofhoneybee colony performance traits (10 apiaries per year distributed across a435 km2‐large research site in France), we related worker brood area, number ofadult bees and honey reserves to the proportions of organic farmland in the surroundingsof the hives at two spatial scales (300 m and 1,500 m).3. We found evidence that, at the local scale, organic farming increased both workerbrood production and number of adult bees in the period of flower scarcity betweenthe blooms of oilseed rape and sunflower (hereafter ‘dearth period’). Atthe landscape scale, organic farming increased honey reserves during the dearthperiod and at the beginning of the sunflower bloom.4. The results suggest that worker brood development benefitted from organic farmingmostly through a more diverse diet due to an increase in the availability of diversepollen sources in close proximity of their hives. Reduced pesticide drift mayhave additionally improved bee survival. Honey reserves were possibly mostlyaffected by increased availability of melliferous flowers in foraging distance.5. Synthesis and applications. Organic farming increases honeybee colony performancein a period of resource scarcity, likely through a continuous supply of floral resourcesincluding weeds, cover crops and semi‐natural elements. We demonstratehow worker brood area increases in the critical dearth period (between the bloomsof oilseed rape and sunflower). This has previously been linked to winter colonysurvival, suggesting that organic farmland may mitigate repercussions of intensivefarming on colony vitality. We conclude that organic farming benefits a crucial croppollinator with potential positive implications for agriculture in the wider landscape

Published
2019

2. Neonicotinoid-induced mortality risk for bees foraging on oilseed rape nectar persists despite EU moratorium

Author

Jean Francois Odoux, Vincent Bretagnolle, Axel Decourtye, Mickaël Henry, Dimitry Wintermantel, Fabrice Allier, Abeilles, Paysages, Interactions et Systèmes de culture (APIS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions NCS (EVA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), UMT PrADE, Institut Technique et Scientifique de l'Apiculture et de la Pollinisation (ITSAP-Institut de l'Abeille), Abeilles et Environnement (AE), LTSER Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre, Article issu d'une thèse en co-financement Inra-Région Poitou-Charentes, Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), INRA UE APIS [Surgères, France], UE Entomologie (INRA), Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions (EVA), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ACTA, Acta, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU)

Subjects
Insecticides, Environmental Engineering, Plant Nectar, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Nectar foraging, Foraging, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Crop, Neonicotinoids, chemistry.chemical_compound, Imidacloprid, Animals, Neonicotinoid, Environmental Chemistry, Nectar, European Union, Waste Management and Disposal, foraging bees, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Brassica napus, fungi, oilseed rape nectar, risk assessment, food and beverages, Bees, imidacloprid, Nitro Compounds, Soil type, Pollution, Environmental Policy, Agronomy, chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, environmental fate
Abstract

International audience; The implication of neonicotinoids in bee declines led in 2013 to an EU moratorium on three neonicotinoids in bee-attractive crops. However, neonicotinoids are frequently detected in wild flowers or untreated crops suggesting that neonicotinoids applied to cereals can spread into the environment and harm bees. Therefore, we quantified neonicotinoid residues in nectar from winter-sown oilseed rape in western France collected within the five years under the EU moratorium. We detected all three restricted neonicotinoids. Imidacloprid was detected in all years with no clear declining trend but a strong inter- and intra-annual variation and maximum concentrations exceeding reported concentrations in treated crops. No relation to non-organic winter-sown cereals was identified even though these were the only crops treated with imidacloprid, but residue levels depended on soil type and increased with rainfall. Simulating acute and chronic mortality suggests a considerable risk for nectar foraging bees. We conclude that persistent imidacloprid soil residues diffuse on a large-scale in the environment and substantially contaminate a major mass-flowering crop. Despite the limitations of case-studies and risk simulations, our findings provide additional support to the recent extension of the moratorium to a permanent ban in all outdoor crops.

Published
2020

3. Standard methods for toxicology research inApis mellifera

Author

Cédric Alaux, Marie Diogon, Christian Claßen, Bertille Provost, Thierry Dupont, Noa Simon Delso, Andrea Schur, Jean-Luc Brunet, Luc P. Belzunces, Klaus Wallner, Jens Pistorius, Reed M. Johnson, Hicham El Alaoui, Hervé Giffard, Marie-Pierre Chauzat, Simone Tosi, Vincenzo Girolami, Marc Edouard Colin, Piotr Medrzycki, Frédéric Delbac, Claudio Porrini, David Biron, Gherardo Bogo, Fabio Sgolastra, Johannes Lückmann, Pierrick Aupinel, Matteo Marzaro, Yves Le Conte, Jozef J. M. van der Steen, Nicolas Blot, Cyril Vidau, UE Entomologie (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de Sophia Antipolis, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering K.U. Leuven, Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux (IMB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abeilles et Environnement (AE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), Institut d'Informatique et de Mathématiques Appliquées de Grenoble (IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Medrzycki, Piotr, Entomologie (ENTOMOLOGIE), Abeilles et environnement (AE), COST Action: FA0803, EU Seventh Framework Programme, Ricola Foundation - Nature Culture, Piotr Medrzycki, Herve Giffard, Pierrick Aupinel, Luc P. Belzunce, Marie-Pierre Chauzat, Christian Classen, Marc E. Colin, Thierry Dupont, Vincenzo Girolami, Reed Johnson, Yves Le Conte, Johannes Luckmann, Matteo Marzaro, Jens Pistoriu, Claudio Porrini, Andrea Schur, Fabio Sgolastra, Noa Simon Delso, Jozed JM van der Steen, Klaus Wallner, Cedric Alaux, David G. Biron, Nicolas Blot, Gherardo Bogo, Jean-Luc Brunet, Frederic Delbac, Marie Diogon, Hicham El Alaoui, Bertille Provost, Simone Tosi, Cyril Vidau, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
systemic insecticides, perte des colonies, Pollination, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], pollen availability, honey-bees hymenoptera, colonie d'abeilles, apis mellifera, Pollinator, agriculture moderne, honey bee, neonicotinoid insecticides, abeille, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, pesticide sensitivity, Animal biology, 2. Zero hunger, sublethal, insecte pollinisateur, Ecology, Entomology & Disease Management, food and beverages, free-flying colonies, rearing temperature, effet indirect, Standard methods, field, substance toxique, people.cause_of_death, plante cultivée, BEEBOOK, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, behavior and behavior mechanisms, impact environnemental, ECOTOXICOLOGY, agent pathogène, animal structures, toxicité sublétale, size field colonies, ravageur, lethal, Biology, niche écologique, Pesticide toxicity, nosema-ceranae, sélectivité, residue, Biologie animale, végétation, pesticide, Ecological niche, business.industry, polluant, fungi, toxicologie, semifield, parathion penncap-m, Pesticide, méthode standardisée, COLOSS, Apis mellifera, exposure, laboratory, résidu de pesticide, insecte entomophage, Agriculture, Insect Science, Food processing, business, people, mortalité
Abstract

International audience; Modern agriculture often involves the use of pesticides to protect crops. These substances are harmful to target organisms (pests and pathogens). Nevertheless, they can also damage non-target animals, such as pollinators and entomophagous arthropods. It is obvious that the undesirable side effects of pesticides on the environment should be reduced to a minimum. Western honey bees (Apis mellifera) are very important organisms from an agricultural perspective and are vulnerable to pesticide-induced impacts. They contribute actively to the pollination of cultivated crops and wild vegetation, making food production possible. Of course, since Apis mellifera occupies the same ecological niche as many other species of pollinators, the loss of honey bees caused by environmental pollutants suggests that other insects may experience a similar outcome. Because pesticides can harm honey bees and other pollinators, it is important to register pesticides that are as selective as possible. In this manuscript, we describe a selection of methods used for studying pesticide toxicity/selectiveness towards Apis mellifera. These methods may be used in risk assessment schemes and in scientific research aimed to explain acute and chronic effects of any target compound on Apis mellifera.

Published
2013

4. A Common Pesticide Decreases Foraging Success and Survival in Honey Bees

Author

Sylvie Tchamitchian, Maxime Béguin, Jean Aptel, Pierrick Aupinel, Mickaël Henry, Fabrice Requier, Orianne Rollin, Axel Decourtye, Jean-François Odoux, Abeilles et Environnement (AE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), UMT Protection des Abeilles dans l'Environnement, Association pour le Developpement de l'Apiculture Provencale, Centre d'études biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Entomologie (ENTOMOLOGIE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Association de Coordination Technique Agricole (ACTA), UE Entomologie (INRA), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Henry, Mickaël

Subjects
Male, 0106 biological sciences, Insecticides, helianthus annuus, Population Dynamics, comportement, 010501 environmental sciences, modèle, 01 natural sciences, néonicotinoïde, zea mays, Neonicotinoids, Honey Bees, chemistry.chemical_compound, Homing Behavior, Colony Collapse, mémoire, Risk Factors, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Bees, Nitro Compounds, tournesol, 3. Good health, Radio Frequency Identification Device, survie, puce, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Female, Thiamethoxam, maïs, retour au gite, Foraging, Zoology, Biology, brassica napus var oleifera, Colony collapse disorder, Oxazines, Animals, abeille domestique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Homing (biology), Neonicotinoid, butinage, Feeding Behavior, Pesticide, dose sublétale, Thiazoles, 010602 entomology, chemistry
Abstract

Bad News for Bees Neonicotinoid insecticides were introduced in the early 1990s and have become one of the most widely used crop pesticides in the world. These compounds act on the insect central nervous system, and they have been shown to be persistent in the environment and in plant tissues. Recently, there have been controversial connections made between neonicotinoids and pollinator deaths, but the mechanisms underlying these potential deaths have remained unknown. Whitehorn et al. (p. 351 , published online 29 March) exposed developing colonies of bumble bees to low levels of the neonicotinoid imidacloprid and then released them to forage under natural conditions. Treated colonies displayed reduced colony growth and less reproductive success, and they produced significantly fewer queens to found subsequent generations. Henry et al. (p. 348 , published online 29 March) documented the effects of low-dose, nonlethal intoxication of another widely used neonicotinoid, thiamethoxam, on wild foraging honey bees. Radio-frequency identification tags were used to determine navigation success of treated foragers, which suggested that their homing success was much reduced relative to untreated foragers.

Published
2012

5. ECOBEE: a tool for long-term bee colony monitoring at landscape scale in West European intensive agroecosystems

Author

Fabrice Requier, Vincent Bretagnolle, Jean-François Odoux, Pierrick Aupinel, Sophie Gateff, Mickaël Henry, UE Entomologie (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ADA Poitou-Charentes (ADAPC), ADA Poitou-Charentes, Centre d'études biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abeilles et Environnement/UMT PrADE, Entomologie (ENTOMOLOGIE), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Abeilles et Environnement (AE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), UMT PrADE, INRA SPE, CNRS, Region POITOU-CHARENTES, French Ministry of Agriculture (CASDAR-POLINOV, Ecophyto2018-DEPHY-Abeilles), and European Community [797/2004-RISQAPI]

Subjects
Agroecosystem, honey bees, colony dynamics, Beekeeping, intensive cereal farming, Apiary, Population, agricultural practices, Biology, agroecosystem landscape, education, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Agri-Environmental Schemes, business.industry, Ecology, Environmental resource management, Honey bee, 15. Life on land, floral resources, monitoring, Agriculture, Insect Science, Scale (social sciences), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, France, business, Landscape planning
Abstract

International audience; In Central Western France, as in many other areas, traditional apiculture has been replaced by more intensive practices to compensate for colony losses andcurrent decreasing honey yields. One neglected aspect concerns the choice by professional beekeepers of apiary sites in intensive agrosystems, with regard to landscape features, a choice which appears to be largely empirical. ECOBEE is a colony monitoring scheme specifically ntended to provide beekeepers and researchers with basic ecological data on honeybees in intensive agrosystems, as well as colony population dynamics. ECOBEE was launched in 2008 as a long-term ecological project with three specific aims: 1. to monitor seasonal and inter-annual population dynamic parameters of honeybee colonies in a heterogeneous farming system; 2. to provide relevant and robust datasets to test specific hypotheses about bees such as the influence of landscape planning, agricultural inputs or human pressure; and 3. to offer opportunities for assessing the effectiveness of agro-environmental schemes or the effects of changes in agricultural policies on honey bee wellbeing. Here we present an overview of ECOBEE, the type of datasets collected over the first four years of monitoring, and their possible application and use. We found that colony dynamics were largely influenced by the phenology of the main mass-flowering crops foraged by bees, namely oilseed rape and sunflowers. Furthermore, we detected a sharp food shortage period in late spring between the flowering of oilseed rape and sunflowers, possibly temporarily constraining colony sustainability. We further discuss the research perspectives offered by ECOBEE, especially with regard to spatial ecotoxicology.

Published
2014

6. Pesticide risk assessment in free-ranging bees is weather and landscape dependent

Author

Pierrick Aupinel, Colette Bertrand, Vincent Bretagnolle, Violette Le Féon, Mickaël Henry, Jean-François Odoux, Axel Decourtye, Fabrice Requier, Henry, Mickaël, UMT Protection des Abeilles dans l'Environnement, Abeilles et environnement (AE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), SAD Paysage (SAD Paysage), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Entomologie (ENTOMOLOGIE), ITSAP-Institut de l'Abeille, ITSAP, Association de Coordination Technique Agricole (ACTA), French Ministry of Agriculture (TECHBEE and RISQAPI projects), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR 406 Abeilles et environnement, Abeilles et Environnement (AE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), SAD Paysages, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UE Entomologie (INRA), UMT Protection des abeilles dans l’environnement (UMT PrADE), Association pour le Developpement de l'Apiculture Provencale (ADAPI)-Institut de l'abeille (ITSAP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Terres Inovia-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de l'abeille (ITSAP), and Les instituts techniques agricoles (Acta)

Subjects
toxicité letale, General Physics and Astronomy, Context (language use), Biology, Risk Assessment, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Sciences de l'environnement, Homing Behavior, Animals, Pesticides, Weather, abeille, Field exposure, insecte pollinisateur, Multidisciplinary, Behavior, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Geography, Free ranging, business.industry, Ecology, Environmental resource management, General Chemistry, Bees, Pesticide risk assessment, produit phytosanitaire, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, Risk assessment, contexte paysager, Environmental Sciences
Abstract

Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre; International audience; The risk assessment of plant protection products on pollinators is currently based on the evaluation of lethal doses through repeatable lethal toxicity laboratory trials. Recent advances in honeybee toxicology have, however, raised interest on assessing sublethal effects in free-ranging individuals. Here, we show that the sublethal effects of a neonicotinoid pesticide are modified in magnitude by environmental interactions specific to the landscape and time of exposure events. Field sublethal assessment is therefore context dependent and should be addressed in a temporally and spatially explicit way, especially regarding weather and landscape physiognomy. We further develop an analytical Effective Dose (ED) framework to help disentangle context-induced from treatment-induced effects and thus to alleviate uncertainty in field studies. Although the ED framework involves trials at concentrations above the expected field exposure levels, it allows to explicitly delineating the climatic and landscape contexts that should be targeted for in-depth higher tier risk assessment.

Published
2014

7. Projet Polinov, épisode 1/ pour des systèmes de cultures favorables aux abeilles

Author

DECOURTYE, Axel, Gayrard, M., Chabert, A., Requier, Fabrice, Rollin, Orianne, Odoux, Jean-François, Henry, M., Allier, F., Cerrutti, N., Chaigne, G., Petrequin, P., Plantureux, S., Gaujour, Etienne, Emonet, E., Bockstaller, C., Aupinel, P., Michel, N., Bretagnolle, Vincent, Lacalle, Martine, Abeilles et environnement (AE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), INRA Le Magneraud, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ACTA UMT PrADE, UMR 406, Association de Coordination Technique Agricole (ACTA), Entomologie (ENTOMOLOGIE), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Abeilles et Environnement, Centre d'études biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and UE Entomologie (INRA)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

National audience; L'utilité des abeilles pour la production végétale est reconnue, et l'apiculture bénéficie en retour de grandes surfaces en cultures mellifères. Mais les objectifs des filières agricoles et apicoles, ainsi que des acteurs de la conservation des abeilles sauvages, peuvent créer des antagonismes. Les agriculteurs ont besoin, pour garantir leur production, de stratégies de protection des plantes efficaces contre les ravageurs mais qui peuvent être dommageables à l'état de santé des abeilles. Les apiculteurs doivent exploiter leur cheptel apiaire en dépit de son état de santé fragile. Il faut des approches innovantes porteuses de solutions capables de résoudre ces tensions en tenant compte des différentes exigences. C'est le but de Polinov.

Published
2013

8. Distance from forest edge affects bee pollinators in oilseed rape fields.

Author

Bailey S, Requier F, Nusillard B, Roberts SP, Potts SG, and Bouget C

Abstract

Wild pollinators have been shown to enhance the pollination of Brassica napus (oilseed rape) and thus increase its market value. Several studies have previously shown that pollination services are greater in crops adjoining forest patches or other seminatural habitats than in crops completely surrounded by other crops. In this study, we investigated the specific importance of forest edges in providing potential pollinators in B. napus fields in two areas in France. Bees were caught with yellow pan traps at increasing distances from both warm and cold forest edges into B. napus fields during the blooming period. A total of 4594 individual bees, representing six families and 83 taxa, were collected. We found that both bee abundance and taxa richness were negatively affected by the distance from forest edge. However, responses varied between bee groups and edge orientations. The ITD (Inter-Tegular distance) of the species, a good proxy for bee foraging range, seems to limit how far the bees can travel from the forest edge. We found a greater abundance of cuckoo bees (Nomada spp.) of Andrena spp. and Andrena spp. males at forest edges, which we assume indicate suitable nesting sites, or at least mating sites, for some abundant Andrena species and their parasites (Fig. 1). Synthesis and Applications. This study provides one of the first examples in temperate ecosystems of how forest edges may actually act as a reservoir of potential pollinators and directly benefit agricultural crops by providing nesting or mating sites for important early spring pollinators. Policy-makers and land managers should take forest edges into account and encourage their protection in the agricultural matrix to promote wild bees and their pollination services.

Published
2014
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