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Shoei Omori,1,2 Fumihiko Uchida,3 Sechang Oh,4,5 Rina So,6 Takehiko Tsujimoto,7 Toru Yanagawa,8 Satoshi Sakai,4 Junichi Shoda,4,5 Kiyoji Tanaka,9 Hiroki Bukawa8 1Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; 2Department of Dental Oral Surgery, Kitaibaraki City Hospital, Kitaibaraki, Ibaraki, Japan; 3Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; 4Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; 5The Center of Sports Medicine and Health Sciences, Tsukuba University Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; 6Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan; 7Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Human Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan; 8Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; 9Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Background and purpose: Periodontal disease is closely related to lifestyle-related diseases and obesity. It is widely known that moderate exercise habits lead to improvement in lifestyle-related diseases and obesity. However, little research has been undertaken into how exercise habits affect periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of exercise habits on periodontal diseases and metabolic pathology. Methods: We conducted a prospective intervention research for 12 weeks. The subjects were 71 obese men who participated in an exercise and/or dietary intervention program. Fifty subjects were assigned to exercise interventions (exercise intervention group) and 21 subjects were assigned to dietary interventions (dietary intervention group). This research was conducted before and after each intervention program. Results: In the exercise intervention group, the number of teeth with a probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥4 mm significantly decreased from 14.4% to 5.6% (P

Abstract Background Cell division cycle associated 3 (CDCA3), part of the Skp1-cullin-F-box (SCF) ubiquitin ligase, refers to a trigger of mitotic entry and mediates destruction of the mitosis inhibitory kinase. Little is known about the relevance of CDCA3 to human malignancy including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We aimed to characterize the expression state and function of CDCA3 in OSCC. Methods We evaluated CDCA3 mRNA and protein expression in both OSCC-derived cell lines and primary OSCCs and performed functional analyses of CDCA3 in OSCC-derived cells using the shRNA system. Results The CDCA3 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels was frequently up-regulated in all cell lines examined and primary tumors (mRNA, 51/69, 74 %; protein, 79/95, 83 %) compared to normal controls (p = 20) compared with the expression in OSCCs. Among the clinical variables analyzed, the CDCA3 expression status was closely related to tumor size (p p Cip1, p27Kip1, p15INK4B, and p16INK4A) in the knockdown cells. Conclusion The current results showed that overexpression of CDCA3 occurs frequently during oral carcinogenesis and this overexpression might be associated closely with progression of OSCCs by preventing the arrest of cell-cycle progression at the G1 phase via decreased expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors.

Introduction: Cardiotocography (CTG) is used to monitor and evaluate fetal health by recording the fetal heart rate (FHR) and uterine contractions (UC) over time. Among these, the detection of late deceleration (LD), the early marker of fetal mild hypoxemia, is important, and the temporal relationship between FHR and UC is an essential factor in deciphering it. However, there is a problem with UC signals generally tending to have poor signal quality due to defects in installation or obesity in pregnant women. Since obstetricians evaluate potential LD signals only from the FHR signal when the UC signal quality is poor, we hypothesized that LD could be detected by capturing the morphological features of the FHR signal using Artificial Intelligence (AI). Therefore, this study compares models using FHR only (FHR-only model) and FHR with UC (FHR + UC model) constructed using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to examine whether LD could be detected using only the FHR signal., Methods: The data used to construct the CNN model were obtained from the publicly available CTU-UHB database. We used 86 cases with LDs and 440 cases without LDs from the database, confirmed by expert obstetricians., Results: The results showed high accuracy with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.896 for the FHR-only model and 0.928 for the FHR + UC model. Furthermore, in a validation using 23 cases in which obstetricians judged that the UC signals were poor and the FHR signal had an LD-like morphology, the FHR-only model achieved an AUC of 0.867., Conclusion: This indicates that using only the FHR signal as input to the CNN could detect LDs and potential LDs with high accuracy. These results are expected to improve fetal outcomes by promptly alerting obstetric healthcare providers to signs of nonreassuring fetal status, even when the UC signal quality is poor, and encouraging them to monitor closely and prepare for emergency delivery., Competing Interests: Authors YH and FU were employed by TOITU Co. Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2025 Sato, Hirono, Shima, Yamamoto, Yoshihara, Kai, Yoshida, Uchida, Kodama and Kasai.)

Purpose: To clarify the effects of preoperative nutritional evaluation on the prognosis of patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma., Methods: This retrospective cohort study involves 126 consecutive patients who underwent radical surgery as their initial treatment and received treatment for >3 years. The markers considered in this study are GGT (γ-GTP), CAR (C-reactive protein (CRP)-to-Alb Ratio), GLR (GGT-to-Lymphocytes Ratio), GPR (GGT-to-Platelet ratio), GNR (GGT-to-Neutrophil ratio), NLR (Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio), PLR (platelet-to-lymphocytes ratio), OPNI (Onodera`s prognostic nutritional index), PINI (Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index) and Albumin (Alb). Each marker was calculated from blood test results up to one month before the initial surgery to assess overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS)., Results: Univariate analysis of OS identified the depth of invasion (DOI P = 0.004), stage classification (P < 0.001), Body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.007), OPNI (P = 0.005), prognostic inflammatory and nutritional indices (PINI, P = 0.011), and albumin (Alb) (P = 0.006) as significant predictors. Cox regression analysis revealed significant differences in BMI, pathological grade, and OPNI. The OPNI cut-off value was 51.05, indicating its effectiveness in predicting tongue cancer prognosis. With regard to DFS, only BMI showed a significant difference, with no notable difference among other markers., Conclusion: The OPNI may be a useful prognostic factor for tongue cancer., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

This study reports a rare case of a dentigerous cyst in a malformed tooth in the mandible of a 5-year-old Japanese boy. Panoramic radiography revealed a cystic lesion with hard tissues inside. The patient underwent surgery under general anesthesia. The histopathological diagnosis was dentigerous cyst associated with a malformed tooth., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestNone., (© Association of Otolaryngologists of India 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.)

Techniques for triggering neural differentiation of embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells into neural stem cells and neurons have been established. However, neural induction of mesenchymal stem cells, including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), has been assessed primarily based on neural-related gene regulation, and detailed studies into the characteristics and differentiation status of cells are lacking. Therefore, this study was aimed at evaluating the cellular components and differentiation pathways of neural lineage cells obtained via neural induction of human DPSCs. Human DPSCs were induced to neural cells in monolayer culture and examined for gene expression and mechanisms underlying differentiation using microarray-based ingenuity pathway analysis. In addition, the neural lineage cells were subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to classify cell populations based on gene expression profiles and to elucidate their differentiation pathways. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed that genes exhibiting marked overexpression, post-neuronal induction, such as FABP7 and ZIC1, were associated with neurogenesis. Furthermore, in canonical pathway analysis, axon guidance signals demonstrated maximum activation. The scRNA-seq and cell type annotations revealed the presence of neural progenitor cells, astrocytes, neurons, and a small number of non-neural lineage cells. Moreover, trajectory and pseudotime analyses demonstrated that the neural progenitor cells initially engendered neurons, which subsequently differentiated into astrocytes. This result indicates that the aforementioned neural induction strategy generated neural stem/progenitor cells from DPSCs, which might differentiate and proliferate to constitute neural lineage cells. Therefore, neural induction of DPSCs may present an alternative approach to pluripotent stem cell-based therapeutic interventions for nervous system disorders., (© 2024. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Japan Human Cell Society.)

Aims: Catheter ablation (CA) of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) from the epicardial left ventricular summit is challenging. The endocardial approach targets two sites: the endocardial closest site (ECS) to the epicardial earliest activation site (epi-EAS) and the endocardial earliest activation site (endo-EAS). We aimed to differentiate between cases where CA at the ECS was effective and where CA at the endo-EAS yielded success., Methods and Results: Fifty-eight patients (47 men; age 60 ± 13 years) were analysed with VAs in which the EAS was observed in the coronary venous system (CVS). Overall, VAs were successfully eliminated in 42 (72%) patients: 8 in the CVS, 8 where the ECS matched with the endo-EAS, 11 at the ECS, and 15 at the endo-EAS. A successful ECS ablation was associated with a shorter epi-EAS-ECS distance (10.2 ± 4.7 vs. 18.8 ± 5.3 mm; P < 0.001) and shorter epi-EAS-left main coronary trunk (LMT) ostial distance (20.3 ± 7.6 vs. 30.3 ± 8.4 mm; P = 0.005), with optimal cut-off values of ≤12.6 and ≤24.0 mm, respectively. A successful endo-EAS ablation was associated with an earlier electrogram at the endo-EAS [23 (8, 36) vs. 15 (0, 19) ms preceding the QRS; P < 0.001] and shorter epi-EAS-endo-EAS interval [6 (1, 8) vs. 22 (12, 25) ms; P < 0.001], with optimal cut-off values of ≥18 and ≤9 ms, respectively., Conclusion: Shorter anatomical distances between the epi-EAS and ECS, and between the epi-EAS and LMT ostium, predict a successful ECS ablation. The prematurity of the endo-EAS electrogram and a shorter interval between the epi-EAS and endo-EAS predicted a successful endo-EAS ablation., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: K.N. received speaker honoraria from Johnson & Johnson, Medtronic Japan, Boston Scientific Japan, Abbott Japan, and Daiichi-Sankyo. S.T. received honoraria from Medtronic Japan, Daiichi-Sankyo, Johnson & Johnson, Boston Scientific Japan, Abbott Japan, Bayer Yakuhin, and Japan Lifeline and is affiliated with the endowed research courses supported by Medtronic Japan, Japan Lifeline, Boston Scientific Japan, Abbott Japan, and Biotronik Japan. Y.O. received research grants unrelated to this study from Johnson & Johnson KK and Biosense Webster, Inc., scholarship funds from Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim, and remuneration from Daiichi-Sankyo, AstraZeneca, Bayer Healthcare, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Johnson & Johnson KK and additionally belongs to the endowed departments of Boston Scientific Japan, Biotronik Japan, Abbott Medical Japan, Japan Lifeline, and Medtronic Japan. All remaining authors have declared no conflicts of interest., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.)

This report presents a rare case of direct invasion from a metastatic submandibular lymph node (SMLN) to submandibular gland (SMG) in a resected specimen of neck dissection (ND) of buccal mucosal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The patient was an 82-year-old woman with a clinical diagnosis of the left buccal mucosal SCC (cT4bN2bM0, Stage IVB). The tracheostomy, modified radical neck dissection, buccal mucosal cancer resection including maxillary partial resection, mandibular segmentectomy, and reconstructive surgery with a plate and a free rectus abdominis flap were performed. Pathologically, the infiltrating SCC was observed in the SMG continuous with SMLN metastasis (pT4bN3bM0). No adjuvant therapy was performed for old age and oral intake dysfunction. Contrast CT detected the multiple lung and left scapula metastases at postoperative 5 months, which made the policy of best supportive care. Finally, she died 9 months after the surgery from distant metastases. SMG involvement from direct invasion from a metastatic SMLN is relatively rare. In our case, although the patient died from distant metastases, locoregional control was achieved through curative resection of the primary tumor and ND performed as one block with reconstructive surgery., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Moeka Bukawa et al.)

Objectives: Tracheal regeneration is challenging owing to its unique anatomy and low blood supply. Most tracheal regeneration applications require scaffolds. Herein, we developed bio-three-dimensional-printed scaffold-free artificial tracheas., Methods: We fabricated bio-three-dimensional-printed artificial tracheas. Their anterior surface comprised hyaline cartilage differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells, and their posterior surface comprised smooth muscle. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured and differentiated into chondrocytes using fibroblast growth factor-2 and transforming growth factor-beta-3. Initially, horseshoe-shaped spheroids were printed to cover the anterior surface of the artificial trachea, followed by the application of human bronchial smooth muscle cells for the posterior surface. After a 3-week maturing process, the artificial trachea was subjected to histological and immunohistochemical analyses., Results: The anterior surface of the artificial trachea comprised well-differentiated hyaline cartilage from human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the smooth muscle expressed α-smooth muscle actin and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain 11., Conclusions: A bio-three-dimensional-printed scaffold-free artificial trachea comprising different tissues at the front and back was successfully fabricated., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.)

Background: Locoregional surgical pathology, with surgical margins at the primary site and lymph node (LN) metastasis, particularly extranodal extension (ENE), plays an important role in the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In addition, systemic inflammatory response and nutritional status are associated with poor prognosis., Purpose: This study aimed to comprehensively assess the effect of inflammatory markers and locoregional factors on the prognosis of patients with OSCC who underwent neck dissection (ND)., Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who had undergone ND for OSCC between 2013 and 2021. The primary predictive variables were the weighted lymph node ratio (WLNR) and inflammatory markers. Primary outcome variables were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS)., Results: Among 153 patients (99 males, 54 females), 55 (35.9 %) had LN metastasis and 11 (7.2 %) exhibited ENE. The inflammatory markers lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), monocyte/albumin ratio (MAR), C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), and WLNR demonstrated significant cut-off values for survival, with values of 4.805, 104.72, 0.041, and 0.0235, respectively. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed significant differences in age, WLNR, LMR, MAR, CAR, and vascular, lymphatic, and perineural invasion (Pn). Multivariate analysis indicated that the hazard ratios (95 % confidence intervals) for WLNR (3.416; 1.542-7.566), MAR (2.404; 1.254-4.607), and Pn (2.516; 1.291-4.905) were independent variables for OS., Conclusions: In patients with OSCC who underwent ND, the inflammatory marker MAR and locoregional factors WLNR and Pn were simultaneously identified as prognostic factors., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

We report a case of cholangitis, an immune-related adverse event (irAE), caused by the administration of nivolumab in a patient with lung metastasis of oral cancer. A 72-year-old man developed pulmonary metastasis after surgery for oral cancer. Hepatic enzyme abnormalities were observed after the second session of treatment, and irAE cholangitis was diagnosed based on the results of the blood test results and endoscopy findings. We suggested steroid treatment, but the patient refused it. Therefore, he was treated with ursodeoxycholic acid. The cholangitis gradually deteriorated, the patients' general condition worsened, and he died 169 days after the onset of cholangitis., (© The Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India 2023.)

Cardiotocography (CTG) measurements are critical for assessing fetal wellbeing during monitoring, and accurate assessment requires well-traceable CTG signals. The current FHR calculation algorithm, based on autocorrelation to Doppler ultrasound (DUS) signals, often results in periods of loss owing to its inability to differentiate signals. We hypothesized that classifying DUS signals by type could be a solution and proposed that an artificial intelligence (AI)-based approach could be used for classification. However, limited studies have incorporated the use of AI for DUS signals because of the limited data availability. Therefore, this study focused on evaluating the effectiveness of semi-supervised learning in enhancing classification accuracy, even in limited datasets, for DUS signals. Data comprising fetal heartbeat, artifacts, and two other categories were created from non-stress tests and labor DUS signals. With labeled and unlabeled data totaling 9,600 and 48,000 data points, respectively, the semi-supervised learning model consistently outperformed the supervised learning model, achieving an average classification accuracy of 80.9%. The preliminary findings indicate that applying semi-supervised learning to the development of AI models using DUS signals can achieve high generalization accuracy and reduce the effort. This approach may enhance the quality of fetal monitoring., Competing Interests: Authors YH and FU were employed by TOITU Co Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Hirono, Kai, Yoshida, Sato, Kodama, Uchida and Kasai.)

Cardiotocography (CTG) is widely used to assess fetal well-being. CTG is typically obtained using ultrasound and autocorrelation methods, which extract periodicity from the signal to calculate the heart rate. However, during labor, maternal vessel pulsations can be measured, resulting in the output of the maternal heart rate (MHR). Since the autocorrelation output is displayed as fetal heart rate (FHR), there is a risk that obstetricians may mistakenly evaluate the fetal condition based on MHR, potentially overlooking the necessity for medical intervention. This study proposes a method that utilizes Doppler ultrasound (DUS) signals and artificial intelligence (AI) to determine whether the heart rate obtained by autocorrelation is of fetal origin. We developed a system to simultaneously record DUS signals and CTG and obtained data from 425 cases. The midwife annotated the DUS signals by auditory differentiation, providing data for AI, which included 30,160 data points from the fetal heart and 2160 data points from the maternal vessel. Comparing the classification accuracy of the AI model and a simple mathematical method, the AI model achieved the best performance, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.98. Integrating this system into fetal monitoring could provide a new indicator for evaluating CTG quality.

Background: Postoperative temperature dysregulation affects the length of hospital stay and prognosis. This study evaluated the factors that influence the occurrence of fever in patients after aortic valve replacement surgery., Methods: Eighty-seven consecutive patients who underwent aortic valve replacement surgery were included. Patients' age, sex and body mass index; presence of diabetes mellitus; operation time; blood loss; blood transfusion volume; preoperative and postoperative laboratory findings; presence or absence of oral function management; and fever >38°C were retrospectively analysed through univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses., Results: Among the variables, only diabetes mellitus status was significantly associated with fever ⩾38°C. Postoperatively, patients with diabetes mellitus were significantly less likely to develop fever above 38°C and a fever rising to 38°C., Conclusions: This study shows that the presence of comorbid diabetes mellitus decreases the frequency of developing fever >38°C after aortic valve replacement surgery., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article.

Background: The submandibular gland (SMG) is sacrificed during neck dissection in patients undergoing curative surgery for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This may cause a decrease in the production of saliva and result in xerostomia., Purpose: This study aimed to determine the incidence, invasion patterns, risk factors, and prognosis of SMG involvement in OSCC., Methods: The primary predictor variable in this study was SMG involvement, and the secondary predictor was prognosis., Main Findings: The primary outcome variables were patient characteristics and pathological results for extranodal extension (ENE), perineural invasion (PNI), and pN stage. Four out of 173 patients (2.23 %) showed SMG involvement. Of these cases, one (25 %) was from the primary lesion and three (75 %) were from the metastatic neck lymph nodes (LNs). The primary lesion was located on the lower gingiva, and the other three were from level-Ib LNs with ENE. The pathological PNI was observed in three of the four patients, and ENE was observed in three of the four patients. Preoperative CT and MR revealed SMG invasion and contact in two patients. There were significant differences in the ENE and pN stages between patients with and without SMG involvement (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the overall survival between patients with (25.0 %) and without (71.5 %) SMG involvement (P = 0.011)., Conclusions: SMG involvement was associated with ENE, pN stage, and poor prognosis., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Elective neck dissection (END) is recommended for the management of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) because of the risk of occult metastasis (OM). We hypothesized that some factors predict poor prognosis regardless of a cN0 END. This study aimed to investigate the predictors of OM and prognostic factors in patients with cN0 OSCC who underwent supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHND). A retrospective cohort study design was created and implemented. The primary predictive variables in this study were OM and risk factors for poor prognosis after SOHND. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to adjust for the effects of potential confounders on the risk factors for poor prognoses. Among 86 patients with OSCC, OMs were observed in 9 (10.5%). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and vascular invasion are good markers for detecting OM. A Cox multivariable analysis identified two independent predictors of overall survival: pathologic node (pN) and laterality of END. An independent predictive factor for disease-free survival, the surgical margin, was also identified in this study. According to the pN classification, pN1 patients had a worse survival rate than pN2 patients. Therefore, in the case of pN1, regardless of being cN0, additional adjuvant therapy may be necessary.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.), which causes periodontal disease, contributes to the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We investigated the role of Nrf2, an antioxidative stress sensor, in macrophages in the development of NASH induced by LPS from P.g. We generated macrophage-specific Nrf2 gene rescue mice (Nrf2-mRes), which express Nrf2 only in macrophages, using the cre/loxp system. Wild-type (WT) mice, whole body Nrf2-knockout (Nrf2-KO) mice, and Nrf2-mRes mice were fed a high-fat diet for 18 weeks, and LPS from P.g. was administered intraperitoneally for the last 6 weeks. Nrf2-KO mice developed severe steatohepatitis with liver inflammation and fibrosis compared with WT mice, and steatohepatitis was ameliorated in Nrf2-mRes mice. The mRNA expressions of Toll-like receptor (Tlr)-2, which activates inflammatory signaling pathways after LPS binding, and α-smooth muscle actin (αSma), which promotes hepatic fibrosis, were reduced in Nrf2-mRes mice compared with Nrf2-KO mice. The protein levels of LPS-binding protein in livers were increased in Nrf2-KO mice compared with WT mice; however, the levels were reduced in Nrf2-mRes mice despite similar numbers of F4/80 positive cells, which reflect macrophage/Kupffer cell infiltration into the livers. Nrf2 in macrophages ameliorates NASH through the increased hepatic clearance of LPS., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Chihara et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Instruction: In colon cancer, the incidence of postoperative ileus is reportedly higher for the right-side than for the left-side colon, but those studies included small numbers of subjects and contained several biases. Furthermore, risk factors for postoperative ileus remain unclear., Methods: This multicenter study reviewed 1986 patients who underwent laparoscopic colectomy between 2016 and 2021 for right-side (n = 907) and left-side (n = 1079) colon cancer. After propensity score matching, 803 patients in each group were matched., Results: Postoperative ileus occurred in 97 patients. Before matching, the proportion of female patients and median age were higher and frequency of preoperative stent insertion was lower with right colectomy (P < .001 each). After matching, the number of retrieved lymph nodes (17 vs 15, P < .001) and greater rates of undifferentiated adenocarcinoma (10.6% vs 5.1%, P < .001) and postoperative ileus (6.4% vs 3.2%, P = .004) were higher in right colectomy. Multivariate analysis revealed male gender (hazard ratio, 1.798; 95% confidence interval, 1.049-3.082; P = .32) and history of abdominal surgery (hazard ratio, 1.909; 95% confidence interval, 1.073-3.395; P = .027) as independent predictors of postoperative ileus in right-side colon cancer., Conclusion: This study revealed a higher risk of postoperative ileus after right colectomy with laparoscopic surgery. Male gender and history of abdominal surgery were risk factors for postoperative ileus after right colectomy., (© 2023 Asia Endosurgery Task Force and Japan Society of Endoscopic Surgery and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)

This study aimed to calculate the ratio of maximum standardized uptake values of cervical lymph nodes to maximum standardized uptake values of primary tumors measured by preoperative fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography in oral cancer patients, and to retrospectively examine the prognostic association and evaluate whether it could be a prognostic factor. We retrospectively examined consecutive Japanese patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma who underwent oral cancer resection and cervical dissection between January 2014 and December 2018. The study included 52 patients aged 39-89 years (median age 66.5 years), excluding non-cervical dissection surgery and/or non-underwent preoperative positron-emission tomography. The maximum standardized uptake value of the cervical lymph nodes and primary tumor was measured, and the ratio of maximum standardized uptake values of the lymph nodes to that of the primary tumor was calculated. The median follow-up of 52 patients was 1,465 days (198-2,553 days), and overall survival was significantly worse in patients with a high lymph node-to-tumor standardized uptake values ratio (>0.4739) (5 years, 58.8% vs. 88.2%; P<0.05). Pretreatment lymph node-to-tumor standardized uptake values ratio can be easily calculated, and as a predictor of prognosis, it may be of assistance when considering the treatment strategy for oral cancer., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interests None., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

To determine the intracellular behavior of p62, a marker of selective autophagy, in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). This retrospective study includes 70 patients who underwent biopsy or surgical resection and were definitively diagnosed with OPMDs. Immunohistochemical staining for p62, XPO1, p53, and ki67 was performed on all samples and positive cell occupancy was calculated. We statistically investigated the correlation between protein expression in OPMDs and the association between malignant transformation, clinicopathological characteristics, and occupancy. ki67 expression was negatively correlated with p62 expression in the nucleus ( p < 0.01) and positively correlated with p62 expression in the cytoplasm ( p < 0.01). For malignant transformation, the expression of p62 in the nucleus ( p = 0.03) was significantly lower in malignant transformation cases, whereas the expression of p62 in the cytoplasm ( p = 0.03) and the aggregation expression ( p < 0.01) were significantly higher. Our results suggest that the function of p62 is altered by its subcellular localization. In addition, defects in selective autophagy occur in cases of malignant transformation, suggesting that p62 is a potential biomarker of the risk of malignant transformation of OPMDs.

Anterior maxillary distraction osteogenesis (AMDO) surgery for cleft lip and palate involves distraction of a segment of the anterior maxilla and advancement using 2 intraoral buccal bone-borne distraction devices. The anterior part of the maxilla is advanced anteriorly with less relapse which increases maxillary length and does not affect speech. We aimed to evaluate the effects of AMDO, including lateral cephalometric changes. Seventeen patients who had undergone this procedure were included in this retrospective study. The distractors were activated by 0.5 mm twice a day after a 3-day latency period. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were evaluated preoperatively, after distraction and removal of distractors, which were compared using the paired Student's t test. Anterior maxillary advancement was obtained in all patients with a median of 8.0 mm. Complications included nasal bleeding and loosening of distractors; however, there was no tooth damage or abnormal movement. The mean sella-nasion-A point (SNA) angle increased significantly, from 74.91° to 79.66°, the A point-nasion-B point angle from -0.38° to 4.34°, and the perpendicular line from nasion to Frankfort Horizontal (NV)-A point from -5.11 to 0.08 mm. The mean anterior nasal spine-posterior nasal spine length increased significantly from 50.74 to 55.10 mm, and the NV-Nose Tip from 23.59 to 26.27 mm. The mean relapse rate of NV-A was 11.1%. AMDO with bone-borne distractor resulted in less relapse and effectively corrected the maxillary retrusion., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.)

Ureteral strictures, which can be caused by ureteral injury, radiation therapy, ureterolithiasis, urinary tract infections, and ureteral endometriosis, typically require ureteral reconstruction. Although tissue engineering, autologous alternative tissue transplantation, and surgical techniques applying various flaps have been carried out for ureteral regeneration, all with some success, each method has its advantages and disadvantages. As an alternative, we created the first artificial ureter structures using only live cells and grafted them into healthy rat ureters. Spheroids were created using normal human dermal fibroblasts and human umbilical vein endothelial cells and subsequently laminated using a bio-three-dimensional printer. After molding the laminated spheroids into tubular structures, the artificial ureters were transplanted into live rats. After 2-12 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and their gross and pathological features were examined. In the artificial ureteral lumen of rats with Grade 0-1 hydronephrosis, regeneration of the ureteral epithelium was observed, the thickness of which increased over the course of the experiment. Regeneration of the muscular layer was also observed, extending from the normal ureteral side toward the artificial ureter structure over time. However, complete regeneration was not observed at the end of 12 weeks. Although ureteral peristalsis was noted in all cases, it was weaker than expected. Therefore, we achieved short-segment ureteral regeneration using a cell-only structure. This finding suggests that by applying alternative strategies to this method, such as changing the cell type and composition, regeneration over the entire length of the ureter may be possible in the future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Until now, ureteral regeneration techniques have been dominated by the use of high-molecular-weight compounds and autologous tissues, and there have been no reports of regeneration using structures made entirely of cells. This is the first report of ureteral regeneration using a tubular structure made from stacked spheroids. Although this study only attained short-segment ureteral regeneration, regeneration of the ureter over a much longer proportion of its length can be achieved in the future by applying other strategies, such as changing the cell type. This study provides a foundation to achieve the future goal of complete regeneration., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest Koichi Nakayama is a co-founder and shareholder of Cyfuse Biomedical K.K. He only provides the methodology of creating artificial 3D structure and is not involved in analysis and data extraction. The remaining authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2022 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

We report a case of tophaceous pseudogout that occurred in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and presented with skull base destruction. The patient was a 73-year-old woman, who complained of an obstructed ear sensation in December 2021. The otolaryngological examination was unremarkeable, and a computed tomography scan revealed a calcified lesion in the left TMJ. Suspected of having osteochondroma, the patient was brought to our hospital. She was performed tumor resection as much as possible under general anesthesia revealed nodular pseudogout. The patient refused to undergo total resection due to the necessary craniotomy and the risk of postoperative complications. Instead, the patient decided to undergo following-up. One year and 4 months have passed since the biopsy operation, but there is no tendency to re-increase., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (© Association of Otolaryngologists of India 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.)

Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma (PISCC) arising from dentigerous cysts (DCs) is rare. Herein, we present a rare case of a 35 year-old Japanese man with PISCC arising from a DC. Clinicians should be aware of the potential for malignant changes to SCC in asymptomatic DCs and should conduct follow-up. Moreover, histological examination of the entire specimen should be performed even if the lesion is suspected to be benign., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper., (© The Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India 2022.)