1. Exploring the influence of land use on the urban carbonyl sulfide budget: a case study of the metropolitan area of Barcelona
- Author
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Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Enginyeria Nuclear i de les Radiacions Ionitzants, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. IONHE - Ionising Radiation, Health and Environment, Estruch, Carme, Belviso, Sauveur, Badia Moragas, Alba, Vidal Canedo, Veronica, Curcoll Masanes, Roger, Udina Sistach, Mireia, Grossi, Claudia, Morguí, Josep-Anton, Segura, Ricard, Ventura Caballé, Sergi, Sola Salvatierra, Yolanda, Villalba Mendez, Gara, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Enginyeria Nuclear i de les Radiacions Ionitzants, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. IONHE - Ionising Radiation, Health and Environment, Estruch, Carme, Belviso, Sauveur, Badia Moragas, Alba, Vidal Canedo, Veronica, Curcoll Masanes, Roger, Udina Sistach, Mireia, Grossi, Claudia, Morguí, Josep-Anton, Segura, Ricard, Ventura Caballé, Sergi, Sola Salvatierra, Yolanda, and Villalba Mendez, Gara
- Abstract
Carbonyl sulfide (OCS) is used to quantify the carbon capture potential of the biosphere because of its direct correlation with CO2 uptake during photosynthesis. However, to constrain the urban biosphere signal, it is necessary to evaluate potential anthropogenic sources. We conducted two sampling campaigns in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (AMB), Spain, during May (full COVID lockdown) and October 2020 to measure the spatial distribution and variability of OCS in four urban land uses as follows: built, urban forest, urban park, and peri-urban agriculture. The OCS background levels determined at Tibidabo (442 m asl) were approximately 484 ± 20 ppt and 407 ± 8 ppt for May and October 2020, respectively, and agreed with other seasonal surveys conducted in Europe during that same period. Averaged emissions were in the range of +¿12 ± 40 ppt for the city and were +¿9.4 ± 40.9 ppt for urban +¿22.1 ± 48 ppt for urban green +¿20.7 ± 42.9 ppt for agricultural and -¿4.8 ± 19.6 ppt for forest. The urban values ranged from neutral to above background, suggesting nearby anthropogenic and marine emissions such as +¿150 ppt in Montjuic, which is downwind of Barcelona's harbor. During the crop-growing season in May, the agricultural areas consistently showed values below the background (up to -¿76 ppt in Gavà, uptake) at 7:00 UTC when the land breezes were dominant, while later in the morning, when the sea breeze are developed, the plant sink is masked by the transport of marine emissions. Urban forests located north of Tibidabo showed OCS values up to -¿70 ppt, suggesting significant uptake by urban forests. We conclude that determining the urban biosphere signal using OCS as a tracer is more complex than expected because the marine and anthropogenic emissions from the port strongly impact the spatial-temporal distribution of OCS., This work has been made possible thanks to the financial support of the European Research Council (ERC) Consolidator project: Integrated System Analysis of Urban Vegetation and Agriculture (818002-URBAG), the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, through the “Maria de Maeztu” programme for Units of Excellence (CEX2019-000940-M), and the funding and recognition awarded to the research group Sostenipra (2021 SGR 00734) by the Department of Research and Universities of the Generalitat de Catalunya. This work also has been granted by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation MCIN AEI/10.13039/501100011033 under contract PID2020-113614RB-C21, by the Spanish Government under Grant PRE2018-085425 and by the Catalan Government under contract 2021 SGR 00574. The authors acknowledge the computer resources at PICASSO and the technical support provided by the Universidad de Málaga (Grant RES-AECT-2020-2-0004)., Postprint (published version)
- Published
- 2023